|
|
| Line 419: |
Line 419: |
| * Health services are primarily provided at [[Ahmedabad civil hospital]], the largest civil hospital in Asia.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Manas|last=Dasgupta|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-25/ahmedabad/27916381_1_biggest-hospital-civil-hospital-beds|title=Civil Hospital planned as world's biggest hospital|date=25 September 2008|access-date=24 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902075703/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-25/ahmedabad/27916381_1_biggest-hospital-civil-hospital-beds|archive-date=2 September 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ahmedabad is one of the few cities in India where the power sector is privatised.<ref name="Vedavalli2007">{{cite book|first=Rangaswamy|last=Vedavalli|title=Energy for Development: Twenty-first Century Challenges of Reform and Liberalization in Developing Countries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zeIRJAF5QtsC&pg=PA215|access-date=11 August 2012|date=13 March 2007|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-1-84331-223-9|pages=215–|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611234344/http://books.google.com/books?id=zeIRJAF5QtsC&pg=PA215|archive-date=11 June 2013}}</ref> | | * Health services are primarily provided at [[Ahmedabad civil hospital]], the largest civil hospital in Asia.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Manas|last=Dasgupta|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-25/ahmedabad/27916381_1_biggest-hospital-civil-hospital-beds|title=Civil Hospital planned as world's biggest hospital|date=25 September 2008|access-date=24 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902075703/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-25/ahmedabad/27916381_1_biggest-hospital-civil-hospital-beds|archive-date=2 September 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ahmedabad is one of the few cities in India where the power sector is privatised.<ref name="Vedavalli2007">{{cite book|first=Rangaswamy|last=Vedavalli|title=Energy for Development: Twenty-first Century Challenges of Reform and Liberalization in Developing Countries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zeIRJAF5QtsC&pg=PA215|access-date=11 August 2012|date=13 March 2007|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-1-84331-223-9|pages=215–|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611234344/http://books.google.com/books?id=zeIRJAF5QtsC&pg=PA215|archive-date=11 June 2013}}</ref> |
| * Electricity in the city is generated and distributed by [[Torrent Power]] Limited, owned and operated by the Ahmedabad Electricity Company, which was previously a state-run corporation.<ref name="torrent">{{cite web|url=http://www.torrentlimited.com/aec.htm |title=Group Companies—The Ahmedabad Electricity Company Limited |publisher=Torrent Group |access-date=21 May 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123092555/http://www.torrentlimited.com/aec.htm |archive-date=23 January 2010 }}</ref> | | * Electricity in the city is generated and distributed by [[Torrent Power]] Limited, owned and operated by the Ahmedabad Electricity Company, which was previously a state-run corporation.<ref name="torrent">{{cite web|url=http://www.torrentlimited.com/aec.htm |title=Group Companies—The Ahmedabad Electricity Company Limited |publisher=Torrent Group |access-date=21 May 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123092555/http://www.torrentlimited.com/aec.htm |archive-date=23 January 2010 }}</ref> |
|
| |
| == Culture ==
| |
| {{Main|Culture of Ahmedabad}}
| |
| [[File:Navratri Garba.jpg|thumb|[[Navaratri]] celebrations in Ahmedabad|200x200px]]
| |
|
| |
| Ahmedabad observes a range of festivals. Celebrations and observances include [[Uttarayana|Uttarayan]], an annual kite-flying day on 14 and 15 January. Nine nights of [[Navratri]] are celebrated with people performing [[Garba (dance)|Garba]], the most popular folk dance of Gujarat, at venues across the city. The festival of lights, [[Diwali|Deepavali]], is celebrated with the lighting of lamps in every house, decorating the floors with [[rangoli]], and the lighting of [[firecracker]]s. The annual [[Rath Yatra]] procession on the ''Ashadh-sud-bij'' date of the [[Hindu calendar]] at the [[Jagannath Temple, Ahmedabad|Jagannath Temple]], the festival of colours [[Holi]] is celebrated on the last full Moon day in the end of the winter, based on the lunisolar Hindu calendar and the procession of ''Tajia'' during the Muslim holy month of [[Muharram]] are important events.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ahmedabad all set for Tazias|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ahmedabad-all-set-for-tazias_1622170|access-date=24 February 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=6 December 2011|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502120758/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-ahmedabad-all-set-for-tazias-1622170|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ahmedabad gets ready for colourful tazias|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ahmedabad-gets-ready-for-colourful-tazias_1328248|access-date=24 February 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=28 December 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630163749/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ahmedabad-gets-ready-for-colourful-tazias_1328248|archive-date=30 June 2012}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| One of the most popular forms of meal in Ahmedabad is a Gujarati ''[[thali]]'' which was first served commercially by Chandvilas Hotel in 1900.<ref>{{cite book|last=O'Brien|first=Charmaine|title=The Penguin Food Guide to India|date=2013|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=978-93-5118-575-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BGhBAgAAQBAJ&q=gujarati+thali+is+popular+in+ahmedabad&pg=PT290|access-date=24 October 2020|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502120721/https://books.google.com/books?id=BGhBAgAAQBAJ&q=gujarati+thali+is+popular+in+ahmedabad&pg=PT290|url-status=live}}</ref> It consists of [[roti]] (Chapati), [[dal]], rice and {{transl|gu|shaak}} (cooked vegetables, sometimes with [[curry]]), with accompaniments of [[Indian pickle|pickles]] and roasted ''[[papad]]s''. Sweet dishes include [[laddu|laddoo]], [[mango]], and {{transl|gu|italic=no|vedhmi}}. ''Dhoklas'', {{transl|gu|theplas}} and {{transl|gu|dhebras}} are also very popular dishes in Ahmedabad.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dalal|first=Tarla|title=The Complete Gujarati Cookbook|date=2003|publisher=Sanjay & Co.|isbn=81-86469-45-1|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QXtEgtCJVucC&q=gujarati+thali+is+popular+in+ahmedabad&pg=PA4|access-date=24 October 2020|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502120719/https://books.google.com/books?id=QXtEgtCJVucC&q=gujarati+thali+is+popular+in+ahmedabad&pg=PA4|url-status=live}}</ref> Beverages include [[buttermilk]] and tea. Drinking alcohol is forbidden in Ahmedabad.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/uk/were-beneficiaries-of-reverse-colonialism-boris/articleshow/60092530.cms|title=We're beneficiaries of reverse colonialism: Boris|date=17 August 2017|author=Naomi Canton|work=The Times of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824223606/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/uk/Were-beneficiaries-of-reverse-colonialism-Boris/articleshow/60092530.cms|archive-date=24 August 2017}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| There are many restaurants, which serve Indian and international cuisines. Most of the food outlets serve only vegetarian food, as a strong tradition of vegetarianism is maintained by the city's Jain and Hindu communities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Food – IIMA|url=http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/institute/about-ahmedabad/food.html|publisher=iimahd.ernet.in|access-date=27 May 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626132252/http://iimahd.ernet.in/institute/about-ahmedabad/food.html|archive-date=26 June 2014}}</ref> The first all-vegetarian [[Pizza Hut]] in the world opened in Ahmedabad.<ref>{{cite web|title=Made for India: Succeeding in a Market Where One Size Won't Fit All|url=http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/india/article.cfm?articleid=4358|work=India Knowledge@Wharton|publisher=The Wharton School|access-date=18 February 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629194914/http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/india/article.cfm?articleid=4358|archive-date=29 June 2011}}</ref> KFC has a separate staff uniform for serving vegetarian items and prepares vegetarian food in a separate kitchen,<ref>{{cite web|title=KFC in Ahmedabad |url=http://ahmedabad.burrp.com/brand/kfc/111135198 |publisher=Burrp.com [[Network 18]] |access-date=24 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605121835/http://ahmedabad.burrp.com/brand/kfc/111135198 |archive-date=5 June 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Nair|first=Avinash|title=Kentucky Friend Chicken changes dress code for vegetarian Gujarat|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-17/news/30289880_1_kfc-brand-kentucky-friend-chicken-vegetarian-menu|access-date=27 April 2012|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=17 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501205406/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-17/news/30289880_1_kfc-brand-kentucky-friend-chicken-vegetarian-menu|archive-date=1 May 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> as does McDonald's.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hum dono hai alag alag|url=http://www.mcdonaldsindia.com/McDonald's-VegVsNonVegPressRels-HumDonoHaiAlaghAlagh-Aug'09.pdf|work=press release|publisher=[[McDonald's]] India|access-date=27 April 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016224558/http://mcdonaldsindia.com/McDonald's-VegVsNonVegPressRels-HumDonoHaiAlaghAlagh-Aug'09.pdf|archive-date=16 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mcdonald's in Ahmedabad |url=http://ahmedabad.burrp.com/brand/mcdonalds/183286326 |publisher=Burrp.com [[Network 18]] |access-date=24 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605130447/http://ahmedabad.burrp.com/brand/mcdonalds/183286326 |archive-date=5 June 2013 }}</ref> Ahmedabad has a quite a few restaurants serving typical [[Mughlai cuisine|Mughlai]] non-vegetarian food in older areas like Bhatiyar Gali, [[Kalupur]] and [[Jamalpur, Jaunpur|Jamalpur]].<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Ahmedabad Food |url=http://traveller.outlookindia.com/destinationlink.aspx?id=33&destinationid=50 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612004722/http://traveller.outlookindia.com/destinationlink.aspx?id=33&destinationid=50 |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 June 2011 |magazine=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook Traveller]] |access-date=24 February 2012 }}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| [[Manek Chowk (Ahmedabad)|Manek Chowk]] is an open square near the centre of the city that functions as a vegetable market in the morning and a jewellery market in the afternoon. However, it is better known for its food stalls in the evening, which sell local [[street food]]. It is named after the Hindu saint Baba [[Maneknath]].<ref name="Desai2007">{{cite book|author=Anjali H. Desai|title=India Guide Gujarat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gZRLGZNZEoEC&pg=PA106|access-date=26 June 2012|year=2007|publisher=India Guide Publications|isbn=978-0-9789517-0-2|page=93|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602030524/http://books.google.com/books?id=gZRLGZNZEoEC&pg=PA106|archive-date=2 June 2013}}</ref> Parts of Ahmedabad are known for their [[folk art]]. The artisans of Rangeela ''pol'' make [[tie-dye]]d ''[[Kerchief|bandhinis]]'', while the cobbler shops of Madhupura sell traditional ''mojdi'' (also known as ''mojri'') footwear. Idols of [[Ganesha]] and other religious icons are made in huge numbers in the Gulbai Tekra area. In 2019, there is swing in the trend and people are adopting more eco-friendly Ganesha statue.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ahmedabadmirror.indiatimes.com/ahmedabad/others/go-green-with-ganesha/articleshow/70917990.cms|title=Go green with Ganesha|last1=Paniker|first1=Shruti PanikerShruti|last2=Aug 31|first2=Ahmedabad Mirror {{!}} Updated|website=Ahmedabad Mirror|access-date=2 September 2019|last3=2019|last4=Ist|first4=06:00|archive-date=2 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902074133/https://ahmedabadmirror.indiatimes.com/ahmedabad/others/go-green-with-ganesha/articleshow/70917990.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The shops at the [[Law Garden]] sell mirror work handicraft.<ref name="Law_garden"/>
| |
|
| |
| [[File:Sheth Hutheesinh Temple.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hutheesing Jain Temple]] ]]
| |
| Three main literary institutions were established in Ahmedabad for the promotion of [[Gujarati literature]]: [[Gujarat Vidhya Sabha]], [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]] and [[Gujarat Sahitya Sabha]]. [[Saptak School of Music]] festival is held in the first week of the new year. This event was inaugurated by [[Ravi Shankar]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Schedule of Virasat — virasatfestival.org |url=http://www.virasatfestival.org/Schedule%20of%20Events'13.pdf |publisher=virasatfestival.org |access-date=27 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212054005/http://www.virasatfestival.org/Schedule%20of%20Events%2713.pdf |archive-date=12 December 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Saptak Music Festival|url=http://kadmusarts.com/festivals/4072.html|access-date=27 May 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527212750/http://kadmusarts.com/festivals/4072.html|archive-date=27 May 2014}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| The [[Sanskar Kendra]], one of the several buildings in Ahmedabad designed by [[Le Corbusier]], is a city museum depicting its history, art, culture and architecture. The [[Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya]] and the [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Memorial]] have permanent displays of photographs, documents and other articles relating to [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and [[Sardar Patel]]. The [[Calico Museum of Textiles]] has a large collection of Indian and international fabrics, garments and textiles.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.calicomuseum.com/ |title=The Calico Museum of Textiles |publisher=Calicomuseum.com |access-date=8 July 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601220001/http://calicomuseum.com/ |archive-date=1 June 2013 }}</ref> The [[Hazrat Pir Mohammad Shah Library]] has a collection of rare original manuscripts in Arabic, [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Urdu]], [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] and [[Turkish language|Turkish]].{{citation needed |date=December 2015}} There is Vechaar Utensils Museum which has of stainless steel, glass, brass, copper, bronze, zinc and German silver tools.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/16|title=Vechaar Utensils Museum|access-date=20 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121043906/http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/16|archive-date=21 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vechaar.com|title=Vechaar ~ Utensils Museum Vishalla Environmental Center for Heritage of Art Architecture and Research|last=Kaushalam|website=vechaar.com|access-date=18 September 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916004054/http://vechaar.com/|archive-date=16 September 2017}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| Shreyas Foundation has four museums on the same campus. Shreyas Folk Museum (Lokayatan Museum) has art forms and artefacts from communities of [[Gujarat]]. [[List of children's museums in India|Kalpana Mangaldas Children's Museum]] has a collection of toys, puppets, dance and drama costumes, coins and a repository of recorded music from traditional shows from all over the world. Kahani houses photographs of fairs and festivals of [[Gujarat]]. Sangeeta Vadyakhand is a gallery of musical instruments from India and other countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/21|title=Shreyas Folk Museum|access-date=20 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121043427/http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/21|archive-date=21 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shreyasfoundation.in/museums.html |title=Shreyas Foundation |publisher=Shreyasfoundation.in |access-date=20 November 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161105065734/http://www.shreyasfoundation.in/museums.html |archive-date=5 November 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/india/ahmedabad-amdavad/attractions/lokayatan-folk-museum/a/poi-sig/478392/356239 |title=Lokayatan Folk Museum |access-date=20 November 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121165705/https://www.lonelyplanet.com/india/ahmedabad-amdavad/attractions/lokayatan-folk-museum/a/poi-sig/478392/356239 |archive-date=21 November 2016 }}</ref>
| |
| [[File:Vikrambhai and amma .jpg|thumb|Dr. Vikram Sarabhai and Smt. Mrinalini Sarabhai|200x200px]]
| |
| L D Institute of Indology houses 76,000 hand-written Jain manuscripts with 500 illustrated versions and 45,000 printed books, making it the largest collection of Jain scripts, Indian sculptures, terracottas, miniature paintings, cloth paintings, painted scrolls, bronzes, woodwork, Indian coins, textiles and decorative art, paintings of [[Rabindranath Tagore]] and art of Nepal and Tibet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/19|title=L D Museum of Indology|access-date=20 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121045514/http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/19|archive-date=21 November 2016}}</ref> N C Mehta Gallery of Miniature Paintings has a collection of ornate miniature paintings and manuscripts from all over India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/20|title=N C Mehta Gallery|access-date=20 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121042244/http://www.gujarattourism.com/destination/details/9/20|archive-date=21 November 2016}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| In 1949 [[Darpana Academy of Performing Arts]] was established by the scientist [[Dr. Vikram Sarabhai]] and [[Bharat Natyam]] dancer [[Mrinalini Sarabhai]], and thus Ahmemedabad city became the center of [[Indian classical dance]].
| |
|
| |
| === Education ===
| |
| [[File:Gujrat university.JPG|thumb|200x200px|[[:Gujarat University|Gujarat university, Ahmedabad]]]]
| |
| {{Main|Education in Ahmedabad}}Ahmedabad had a [[literacy]] rate of 79.89% in 2001 which rose to 89.62 percent in 2011. As of 2011, literacy rate among male and female were 93.96 and 84.81 percent respectively.<ref>{{cite web |title = Literacy in Gujarat |url = http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/188-ahmadabad.html |access-date = 1 January 2014 |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140411022531/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/188-ahmadabad.html |archive-date = 11 April 2014 |df = dmy-all }}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| Among the several [[:Category:universities and colleges in Ahmedabad|universities in Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat University]] is the largest and claims to be the oldest;<ref>{{cite web|title=Gujarat University|url=http://www.gujaratuniversity.org.in/web/WebBriefHistory.asp|website=gujaratuniversity.org.in|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730065148/http://www.gujaratuniversity.org.in/web/WebBriefHistory.asp|archive-date=30 July 2013}}</ref> although the [[Gujarat Vidyapith]] was established in 1920 by [[Mahatma Gandhi]] – it received no charter from the [[British Raj]], becoming a [[deemed university]] only in 1963.<ref name="Gujarat Vidyapith : History">{{cite web|url=http://www.gujaratvidyapith.org/history.htm|title=Gujarat Vidyapith : History|publisher=Gujarat Vidyapith|access-date=19 July 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516203439/http://www.gujaratvidyapith.org/history.htm|archive-date=16 May 2008}}</ref> A large number of colleges in the city are affiliated with Gujarat University.
| |
| [[Gujarat Technological University]], [[CEPT University]], [[Nirma University]], [[IITRAM|Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management (IITRAM)]] and [[Ahmedabad University]] all date from this century. [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University]] has over 100,000 students enrolled on its distance learning courses.<ref name="universities">{{cite web |publisher=University Grants Commission, India |title= List of University (State wise)—Gujarat |url=http://www.ugc.ac.in/inside/univbrowse.php?st=Gujarat |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608111127/http://www.ugc.ac.in/inside/univbrowse.php?st=Gujarat |archive-date=8 June 2007 |access-date=30 March 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Introduction|url=http://www.baou.edu.in/introduction|website=baou.edu.in|publisher=Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216091109/http://www.baou.edu.in/introduction|archive-date=16 December 2017}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| Ahmedabad is home to the [[Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad|Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad]], which was ranked first among management institutes in the country by the [[Ministry of Human Resource Development]] in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2018/ManagementRanking.html|title=MHRD, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF)|website=nirfindia.org|access-date=18 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404134654/https://www.nirfindia.org/2018/ManagementRanking.html|archive-date=4 April 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| Established in 1947 by the scientist [[Vikram Sarabhai]], the oldest of the [[:Category:research institutes in Ahmedabad|research institutes in Ahmedabad]], the [[Physical Research Laboratory]] is active in space science, astronomy, high-energy physics and other areas of research.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jain|first1=R.|last2=Dave|first2=H.|last3=Deshpande|first3=M. R.|title=Solar X-ray Spectrometer (SoXS) development at Physical Research Laboratory/ISRO|publisher=[[European Space Agency]]|page=109|date=September 2001|bibcode=2001ESASP.493..109J}} {{bibcode|2006JApA...27..175J}}</ref>
| |
| The [[Darpana Academy of Performing Arts]], established in 1949 by [[Mrinalini Sarabhai]], was listed by UNESCO as an institution active in the "Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage|title=Intangible Cultural Heritage|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002342/234289m.pdf|publisher=[[UNESCO]]|date=5 February 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215221553/http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002342/234289m.pdf|archive-date=15 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Decision of the Intergovernmental Committee: 2.COM 4 – intangible heritage – Culture Sector|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/Decisions/2.COM/4|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=15 December 2017|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502120805/https://ich.unesco.org/en/Decisions/2.COM/4|url-status=live}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| Schools in Ahmedabad are run either by the municipal corporation, or privately by entities, trusts and corporations. The majority of schools are affiliated with the [[Gujarat Secondary and Higher Secondary Education Board]], although some are affiliated with the [[Central Board for Secondary Education]], [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations]], [[IB Diploma Programme|International Baccalaureate]] and [[National Institute of Open Schooling|National Institute of Open School]].
| |
|
| |
| === Media ===
| |
| [[File:Ahmedabad DoordarshanTower.jpg|thumb|left|Broadcasting tower of the Ahmedabad Doordarshan|200x200px]]
| |
|
| |
| Newspapers in Ahmedabad include English dailies such as ''[[The Times of India]]'', ''[[Indian Express]]'', ''[[Daily News & Analysis|DNA]]'', ''[[The Economic Times]]'', ''[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]'', ''[[Ahmedabad Mirror]]'' and ''Metro''.<ref name="newspapersss">{{cite web|title=Ahmedabad Newspapers |url=http://www.allyoucanread.com/ahmedabad-newspaper-india/ |publisher=All you can read |access-date=1 June 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120602012638/http://www.allyoucanread.com/ahmedabad-newspaper-india/ |archive-date=2 June 2012 }}</ref> Newspapers in other languages include ''[[Divya Bhaskar]]'', ''[[Gujarat Samachar]]'', ''[[Sandesh (newspaper)|Sandesh]]'', ''[[Rajasthan Patrika]]'', ''[[Sambhaav]]'', and ''Aankhodekhi''.<ref name=newspapersss /> The city is home to the historic [[Navajivan Trust|Navajivan Publishing House]], which was founded in 1919 by Mahatma Gandhi.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gandhi copyright breathes life into Navjivan Trust|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-10-01/ahmedabad/27179585_1_printing-press-navjivan-trust-gandhiji|access-date=1 June 2012|date=1 October 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501202732/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-10-01/ahmedabad/27179585_1_printing-press-navjivan-trust-gandhiji|archive-date=1 May 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| The state-owned [[All India Radio]] Ahmedabad is broadcast both on the [[medium wave]] and FM bands (96.7 MHz) in the city.<ref name="Radio">{{cite web |publisher=All India Radio |title=requency Schedule for 30 March 2008 to 26 October 2008 |url=http://www.allindiaradio.org/schedule/freq_wr.html |access-date=23 July 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518021513/http://allindiaradio.org/schedule/freq_wr.html |archive-date=18 May 2008 }}</ref> It competes with five private local FM stations: [[Radio City (Indian radio station)|Radio City]] (91.1 MHz), [[Red FM 93.5|Red FM]] (93.5 MHz), My fm (94.3 MHz), [[Radio One (India)|Radio One]] (95.0 MHz), [[Radio Mirchi]] (98.3 MHz) and Mirchi Love (104 MHz). [[Gyan Vani]] (104.5 MHz) is an educational FM radio station run under media co-operation model.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gyan Vani to be expanded|url=http://hindu.com/2001/07/30/stories/14302187.htm|access-date=6 October 2012|date=29 July 2001|location=Chennai, India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110234907/http://hindu.com/2001/07/30/stories/14302187.htm|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=10 November 2012}}</ref> In March 2012 [[Gujarat University]] started campus radio service on 90.8 MHz which was first kind of it in state and fifth in India.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ahmed|first=Syed Khalique|title=GU launches first campus FM radio station in state, fifth in country|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/gu-launches-first-campus-fm-radio-station-in-state-fifth-in-country/930856/1|access-date=6 October 2012|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=31 March 2012}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| The state-owned television broadcaster [[Doordarshan]] provides free terrestrial channels, while three [[multi system operator]]s—[[InCablenet]], [[Siti Cable]] and GTPL—provide a mix of Gujarati, Hindi, English, and other regional channels via [[cable television|cable]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jha|first=Paras|title=Historic silence: Staff strike switches off Akashvani, Doordarshan in Gujarat|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_historic-silence-staff-strike-switches-off-akashvani-doordarshan-in-gujarat_1471296|access-date=27 June 2012|newspaper=DNA India|date=24 November 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110316141046/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_historic-silence-staff-strike-switches-off-akashvani-doordarshan-in-gujarat_1471296|archive-date=16 March 2011}}</ref> Telephone services are provided by landline and mobile operators such as [[Jio]], [[BSNL Mobile]], [[Bharti Airtel|Airtel]], and [[Vodafone Idea Limited|Vodafone Idea]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Haslam|first=Catherine|title=A Guide to India's Telecom Market|url=http://www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id=175079&print=yes|work=lightreading.com|publisher=Light reading Asia|access-date=27 June 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311143207/http://www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id=175079&print=yes|archive-date=11 March 2012}}</ref>
| |
| {{clear}}
| |
|
| |
|
| == Economy == | | == Economy == |