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| == Future projects == | | == Future projects == |
| | {{main|Future projects of ISRO}} |
| Along with a number of communication and earth observation satellites in future, ISRO aims to send humans into space and later establish a space station to facilitate a few weeks long stay of astronauts. Agency aims to develop and operationalise more powerful and less pollutive rocket engines to eventually develop much heavier rockets, develop electric and nuclear propulsion for satellites and spacecrafts for reduced weight and longer lives, landing a rover on the moon, sending missions to Sun, Venus, Mars, asteroids, comets and [[outer solar system]], deploying more [[List of space telescopes|telescopes in space]] and developing satellite navigation systems with global coverage.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/after-mars-venus-on-isros-planetary-travel-list/articleshow/69381185.cms After Mars, Venus on Isro's planetary travel list.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827144405/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/after-mars-venus-on-isros-planetary-travel-list/articleshow/69381185.cms|date=27 August 2019}} U. Tejonmayam, ''Times of India''. 18 May 2019.</ref> Long term plans may include manned landings on moon and other planets as well.<ref name="HTSep20">{{Cite news|last=Dutt|first=Anonna|location=New Delhi|title=Gaganyaan mission: Astronauts to undergo Isro module next year|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/india-news/gaganyaan-mission-astronauts-to-undergo-isro-module-next-year/story-t4FPl0e2b7sLMgqyJ6QoyH.html|date=2020-09-18|access-date=2021-03-20}}</ref> | | Along with a number of communication and earth observation satellites in future, ISRO aims to send humans into space and later establish a space station to facilitate a few weeks long stay of astronauts. Agency aims to develop and operationalise more powerful and less pollutive rocket engines to eventually develop much heavier rockets, develop electric and nuclear propulsion for satellites and spacecrafts for reduced weight and longer lives, landing a rover on the moon, sending missions to Sun, Venus, Mars, asteroids, comets and [[outer solar system]], deploying more [[List of space telescopes|telescopes in space]] and developing satellite navigation systems with global coverage.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/after-mars-venus-on-isros-planetary-travel-list/articleshow/69381185.cms After Mars, Venus on Isro's planetary travel list.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827144405/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/after-mars-venus-on-isros-planetary-travel-list/articleshow/69381185.cms|date=27 August 2019}} U. Tejonmayam, ''Times of India''. 18 May 2019.</ref> Long term plans may include manned landings on moon and other planets as well.<ref name="HTSep20">{{Cite news|last=Dutt|first=Anonna|location=New Delhi|title=Gaganyaan mission: Astronauts to undergo Isro module next year|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/india-news/gaganyaan-mission-astronauts-to-undergo-isro-module-next-year/story-t4FPl0e2b7sLMgqyJ6QoyH.html|date=2020-09-18|access-date=2021-03-20}}</ref> |
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| === Launch vehicles and engines ===
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| ====Semi-cryogenic engine====
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| {{Main|SCE-200}}
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| SCE-200 is a rocket grade kerosene (dubbed "ISROsene") and LOX based semi-cryogenic rocket engine inspired from [[RD-120]]. The engine will be less pollutive and far more powerful. When mated with [[GSLV Mark III]], the engine will boost its payload capacity and will be used in clusters in future to power India's heavy rockets.<ref name="WIONMar21"/>
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| ====Methalox engine====
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| Methane and [[LOX]] based engines are being developed to ensure reusability of engines. Methane is less pollutive, leaves no residue and hence engine needs no [[refurbishment]].<ref name="WIONMar21"/> [[Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre|LPSC]] has already undertaken cold flow tests of engine prototypes in 2020.<ref name="lpsctimeline"/>
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| ==== Modular heavy rockets ====
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| {{See also|Unified Launch Vehicle}}
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| A number of concepts of [[Heavy-lift launch vehicle|heavy]] and [[super-heavy lift launch vehicle]]s are currently being studied by the agency. Launchers are being designed to be modular to facilitate interchangeability of parts and reduce the time of production. There have been multiple mentions of a 10 tonnes capacity "HLV" and an "SHLV"capable of delivering 50-100 tonnes into orbit in various reports, statements and presentations from ISRO officials.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-05-30|title=ISRO developing heavy lift launch vehicles|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/isro-developing-heavy-lift-launch-vehicles/article7262881.ece|newspaper=The Hindi|location=Thiruvanantpuram|access-date=2021-03-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite speech|last=Somanath|first=S.|date=2020-08-03|title=Indian Innovations in Space Technology: Achievements and Aspirations|url=http://imgur.com/a/ffL2XRp|location=[[VSSC]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913095544/http://imgur.com/a/ffL2XRp|archive-date=2020-09-13|via=imgur|access-date=2021-03-21}}</ref>
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| ISRO has target to develop a launcher in the decade of 2020s which will be capable of carrying nearly 16 tonnes to [[geostationary transfer orbit]] which would be nearly 4 times of existing [[GSLV Mark III]].<ref name="WIONMar21">{{Cite news|last=MP|first=Sidhharth|date=2021-03-14|title=ISRO: Chandrayaan-3 launch by mid-2022, Mangalyaan-2 in definition stage|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/isro-chandrayaan-3-launch-by-mid-2022-mangalyaan-2-in-definition-stage-370417|newspaper=[[WION (TV channel)|WION]]|location=Chennai|access-date=2021-03-21}}</ref> ISRO has also been confirmed to be conducting preliminary research for the development of a [[Super heavy-lift launch vehicle]] which is planned to have a lifting capacity of over 50–60 tonnes into earth's orbit.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/have-tech-to-configure-launch-vehicle-that-can-carry-50-tonne-payload-isro-chairman/articleshow/62908345.cms|title=Have tech to configure launch vehicle that can carry 50-tonne payload: Isro chairman – Times of India|date=14 February 2018|website=The Times of India|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804194727/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/have-tech-to-configure-launch-vehicle-that-can-carry-50-tonne-payload-isro-chairman/articleshow/62908345.cms|archive-date=4 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| ==== Reusable launchers ====
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| {{Main|RLV-TD}}
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| [[File:Launch of RLV-TD HEX01 from First Launch Pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota (SDSC SHAR) 02.jpg|thumb|RLV-TD HEX01 from [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad]] (SDSC SHAR) on 23 May 2016.]]
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| There have been two reusable launcher projects ongoing at ISRO. One is ADMIRE test vehicle, conceived as a [[VTVL]] system and another is RLV-TD programme, being run to develop a spacecraft similar to American [[space shuttle]] which will be [[VTHL|launched vertically but land like a plane]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-01-02|title=ISRO Is Working on Two Competing Reusable Launcher Designs|url=https://science.thewire.in/spaceflight/isro-is-working-on-two-competing-reusable-launch-vehicle-designs/|work=Science Wire|access-date=2021-03-21}}</ref>
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|
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| For realising a [[two-stage-to-orbit]] (TSTO) fully re-usable launch vehicle, a series of technology demonstration missions have been conceived. For this purpose, the winged Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology Demonstrator ([[RLV-TD]]) has been configured. The RLV-TD is acting as a flying [[testbed]] to evaluate various technologies such as hypersonic flight, autonomous landing, powered cruise flight, and hypersonic flight using air-breathing propulsion. First in the series of demonstration trials was the [[Hypersonic Flight Experiment]] (HEX). ISRO launched the prototype's test flight from the Sriharikota spaceport in February 2016. The prototype, called RLV-TD, weighs around 1.5 tonnes and flew up to a height of {{cvt|70|km}}.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Rajwi|first1=Tiki|title=Futuristic Unmanned Space Shuttle Getting Final Touches|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2015/may/20/Futuristic-Unmanned-Space-Shuttle-Getting-Final-Touches-763087.html|work=The New Indian Express|date=20 May 2015|access-date=13 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214071440/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2015/may/20/Futuristic-Unmanned-Space-Shuttle-Getting-Final-Touches-763087.html|archive-date=14 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The test flight, known as HEX, was completed on 23 May 2016. A scaled up version of could serve as fly-back booster stage for their winged TSTO concept.<ref>{{cite news |title=Design process has been validated |url=https://www.frontline.in/science-and-technology/design-process-has-been-validated/article8704727.ece |access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref> The test is to be followed by a landing experiment (LEX) and return flight experiment (REX).<ref>{{cite web |title=ISRO Plans To Test ground Landing Of 'Desi' Space Shuttle By Year end |url=https://kalingatv.com/nation/isro-plans-to-test-ground-landing-of-its-space-shuttle-like-reusable-launch-vehicle/ |website=Kalinga TV |date=7 October 2020 |access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref>
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| ;Small Satellite Launch Vehicle
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| {{Main|Small Satellite Launch Vehicle}}
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| Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) is a compact [[small-lift launch vehicle]] primarily aimed at tapping small satellites market. This launcher can be quickly assembled with low power and hence facilitates far higher launch frequency. SSLV can place {{cvt|500|kg}} in {{cvt|500|km}} low earth orbit and {{cvt|300|kg}} in Sun-synchronous orbit.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.spacetechasia.com/indias-19-upcoming-missions-and-isros-small-satellite-launch-vehicle-sslv/|title=India's 19 upcoming missions, and ISRO's Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)|date=2018-08-28|publisher=SpaceTech Asia|access-date=2021-03-19}}</ref>
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| === Spacecraft propulsion and power ===
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| ;Electric thrusters
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| {{Main|Electrically powered spacecraft propulsion}}
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| India has been working on replacing conventional chemical propulsion with [[Hall-effect thruster|hall effect]] and [[Pulsed plasma thruster|plasma]] thrusters which would help in cutting down spacecrafts' mass.<ref name="WIONMar21"/> [[GSAT-4]] was first Indian spacecraft to carry electric thrusters but failed to reach orbit.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/article399411.ece|title=Why didn't the cryogenic engine ignite?|last=Subramanian|first=T. S.|date=17 April 2010|work=The Hindu|access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref> [[GSAT-9]] launched later in 2017 had partial electric propulsion. [[GSAT-20]] is expected to be first fully electric satellite from India.<ref name="newsexpress">{{cite news |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/ISRO-to-Test-Electric-Propulsion-on-Satellites/2015/11/30/article3153565.ece |title=ISRO to Test Electric Propulsion on Satellites |work=The New Indian Express |first=Tiki |last=Rajwi |date=30 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/gsat-9-heralds-cost-saving-electric-propulsion/article18347912.ece |title=GSAT-9 heralds cost-saving electric propulsion |work=The Hindu |last=D. S. |first=Madhumathi |date=1 May 2017}}</ref>
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| ;Alpha source thermoelectric propulsion technology
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| {{Main|Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator}}
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| Radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG), also called alpha source thermoelectric technology by ISRO is a type of [[atomic battery]] which uses nuclear [[decay heat]] of radioactive material to power the spacecraft.<ref name=NPE3>[https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/mragheb/www/NPRE%20402%20ME%20405%20Nuclear%20Power%20Engineering/Radioisotopes%20Power%20Production.pdf NPE chapter 3 Radioisotope Power Generation] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218194925/https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/mragheb/www/NPRE%20402%20ME%20405%20Nuclear%20Power%20Engineering/Radioisotopes%20Power%20Production.pdf |date=18 December 2012 }}</ref> In January 2021, [[U R Rao Satellite Centre]] issued an Expression of Interest (EoI) for design and development of a 100 W RTG. RTGs ensure much longer spacecraft life and have less mass than solar panels on satellites. Development of RTGs will allow ISRO to undertake long endurance deep space missions to Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.<ref name="RTEG"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bansal|first=Nitansha|title=ISRO plans for nuclear energy use in space|url=https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/isro-plans-for-nuclear-energy-use-in-space/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Observer Research Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref>
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| === Extraterrestrial probes ===
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-
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| ! Destination !!Craft name !!Launch vehicle !!Year
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| |-
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| | [[Moon]] ||[[Chandrayaan-3]]||[[GSLV Mk III]]|| 2022<ref name="ht-210221">{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/chandrayaan3-launch-delayed-further-to-2022-says-isro-chief-k-sivan-101613901105054.html|title=Chandrayaan-3 launch delayed further to 2022, says ISRO chief K Sivan|date=2021-02-21|language=en}}</ref>
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| |-
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| || [[Sun]] ||[[Aditya-L1]]||[[PSLV-XL]]|| 2022
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| |-
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| | [[Venus]] ||[[Shukrayaan-1]] <br /> ||[[GSLV Mk II]]||2025
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| |-
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| |[[Jupiter]]
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| |TBD
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| |TBD
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| |TBD
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| |-
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| | [[Mars]] ||[[Mars Orbiter Mission 2]] <br />(''Mangalyaan 2'') ||[[GSLV Mk III]]||2024
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| |}
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|
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| ;Lunar exploration
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| {{Main|Chandrayaan-3|LUPEX}}
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| Chandryaan-3 is India's planned second attempt to soft land on the moon after failure of [[Chandrayaan-2]] in doing so. The mission will only include a lander-rover set and will communicate with the orbiter of previous mission. The technology demonstrated in a successful moon landing will be used in joint Indo-Japanese [[Lunar Polar Exploration Mission]] for sampling and analysis of lunar soil.<ref name="Wire_Nov2019">{{cite web |url=https://science.thewire.in/spaceflight/isro-chandrayaan-3-lunar-lander-rover-gaganyaan/|title=ISRO Will Embark on Chandrayaan 3 by November 2020 for Another Landing Attempt|publisher=The WIRE|date=14 November 2019|access-date=20 March 2021}}</ref>
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|
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| ;Mars exploration
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| {{Main|Mars Orbiter Mission 2}}
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| The next Mars mission, Mars Orbiter Mission 2 or Mangalyaan 2 has been proposed for launch in 2024.<ref name="RS_20190718">{{Cite web|url=https://pqars.nic.in/annex/249/Au2955.pdf|title=Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 2955|last=Jatiya|first=Satyanarayan|date=18 July 2019|access-date=30 August 2019}}{{dead link|date=May 2020|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} [https://imgur.com/a/SXXyGzC Alt URL]</ref> The newer spacecraft will be significantly heavier and better equipped than its predecessor.<ref name="Episode 90"/>
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|
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| ;Venus exploration
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| {{Main|Shukrayaan-I}}
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| ISRO is assessing an orbiter mission to Venus called ''[[Shukrayaan-1]]'', that could launch as early as 2023 to study its atmosphere.<ref name="Venorb">{{Cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/isro-invites-scientists-from-across-country-for-venus-mission-4627259/|title=ISRO gears up for Venus mission, invites proposals from scientists|date=25 April 2017|website=[[The Indian Express]]|location=[[New Delhi]]|access-date=23 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618192208/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/isro-invites-scientists-from-across-country-for-venus-mission-4627259/|archive-date=18 June 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Some budget has been allocated to perform preliminary studies as part of 2017–18 Indian budget under Space Sciences,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-17/hyderabad/31070866_1_venus-mission-chandrayaan-1-isro|title=India planning Venus mission|author=Srinivas Laxman, TNN 17 February 2012, 05.03 am IST|date=17 February 2012|access-date=24 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218204750/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-02-17/hyderabad/31070866_1_venus-mission-chandrayaan-1-isro|archive-date=18 February 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianage.com/india/after-mars-isro-aims-venus-probe-2-3-years-335|title=After Mars, Isro aims for Venus probe in 2–3 years|work=The Asian Age|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530141559/http://www.asianage.com/india/after-mars-isro-aims-venus-probe-2-3-years-335|archive-date=30 May 2015|access-date=12 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="indiabudget.gov.in">{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiabudget.gov.in/ub2017-18/eb/sbe91.pdf|title=Department of Space|website=[[Ministry of Finance (India)|Ministry of Finance]], [[Government of India]]|access-date=18 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215111518/http://indiabudget.gov.in/ub2017-18/eb/sbe91.pdf|archive-date=15 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> and solicitations for potential instruments were requested in 2017<ref name="A of O">{{cite web|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/announcement-of-opportunity-ao-space-based-experiments-to-study-venus|title=Announcement of Opportunity (AO) for Space Based Experiments to Study Venus|date=19 April 2017|website=ISRO.gov.in|access-date=13 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913183153/http://www.isro.gov.in/announcement-of-opportunity-ao-space-based-experiments-to-study-venus|archive-date=13 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2018. Mission to Venus is scheduled for 2025 that will include a payload instrument called Venus Infrared Atmospheric Gases Linker (VIRAL) which is co-developed with [[Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux, observations spatiales]] (LATMOS) under [[French National Centre for Scientific Research]] (CNRS) and [[Roscosmos]].<ref>{{cite news |title=ISRO to launch its Venus mission in 2025, France to take part |url=https://www.livemint.com/science/news/isro-to-launch-its-venus-mission-in-2025-france-to-take-part-11601476329074.html |access-date=1 October 2020 |agency=PTI |publisher=Livemint |date=30 September 2020}}</ref>
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|
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| ;Solar probes
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| {{Main|Aditya-L1}}
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| ISRO is scheduled to carry out a mission to study the [[Solar corona]], due for launch in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/madurai/indias-first-solar-mission-in-2020-isro-chairman/articleshow/69169011.cms|title=India's first solar mission in 2020: Isro chairman {{!}} Madurai News – Times of India|date=4 May 2019|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705100844/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/madurai/indias-first-solar-mission-in-2020-isro-chairman/articleshow/69169011.cms|archive-date=5 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://epaper.mailtoday.in/c/26281749|title=After Mars, India aims for Sun now|date=13 February 2018|work=Mail Today|publisher=Mail Today|agency=Mail Today|page=12|access-date=5 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044940/http://epaper.mailtoday.in/c/26281749|archive-date=6 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The probe is named Aditya-L1 and will have a mass of about {{cvt|400|kg|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/video/player/news/after-the-moon-isro-eyes-the-sun/201990|title=After the Moon, ISRO eyes the sun|date=9 June 2011|access-date=12 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927224137/http://www.ndtv.com/video/player/news/after-the-moon-isro-eyes-the-sun/201990|archive-date=27 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> It is the first Indian space-based solar [[coronagraph]] to study the corona in visible and near-IR bands. Launch of the Aditya mission was planned during the heightened solar activity period in 2012, but was postponed to 2021 due to the extensive work involved in the fabrication, and other technical aspects. The main objective of the mission is to study [[coronal mass ejection]]s (CMEs), their properties (the structure and evolution of their magnetic fields for example), and consequently constrain parameters that affect [[space weather]].
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|
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| ;Asteroids and outer solar system
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| Conceptual studies are underway to launch spacecrafts to asteroids and [[Jupiter]] as well in long term. The ideal launch window to send a spacecraft to Jupiter occurs every 33 months. If the mission to [[Jupiter]] is launched, a flyby of [[Venus]] would be required.<ref>{{cite web|title=After Mars, ISRO looks to conquer Venus & Jupiter|url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/After-Mars-ISRO-looks-to-conquer-Venus-Jupiter/articleshow/56342122.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108002328/http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/After-Mars-ISRO-looks-to-conquer-Venus-Jupiter/articleshow/56342122.cms|archive-date=8 January 2017|access-date=7 January 2017|newspaper=Bangalore Mirror}}</ref> Development of [[Radioisotope thermoelectric generator|RTEG]] might facilitate agency to further undertake deeper space missions like to Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.<ref name="RTEG">{{Cite news|last=Laxman|first=Srinivas|title=ISRO plans new propulsion for deep space missions|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/india/isro-plans-new-propulsion-for-deep-space-missions/articleshow/80801653.cms|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2021-03-20}}</ref>
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|
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| === Space telescopes and observatories ===
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| ;AstroSat-2
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| {{Main|AstroSat-2}}
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| AstroSat-2 is the successor of Astrosat mission.<ref name=TOI1>{{cite news|title=ISRO plans to launch India's 2nd space observatory|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com//home/science/isro-plans-to-launch-indias-2nd-space-observatory/articleshow/62975636.cms?|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201224032/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com//home/science/isro-plans-to-launch-indias-2nd-space-observatory/articleshow/62975636.cms|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 February 2019|author=Surendra Singh|date=19 February 2018|newspaper=Times of India|access-date=20 March 2021}}</ref>
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|
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| ;XPoSat
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| {{Main|X-ray Polarimeter Satellite}}
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| The X-ray Polarimeter Satellite ([[X-ray Polarimeter Satellite|XPoSat]]) is a planned mission to study [[Polarization (waves)|polarisation]]. It is planned to have a mission life of five years and is planned to be launched in 2021.<ref name='Annadurai 2019'>[http://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/copuos/2017/copuos2017tech30E.pdf Future Exploration Missions of ISRO.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921095058/http://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/copuos/2017/copuos2017tech30E.pdf |date=21 September 2018 }} Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Dr. M. Annadurai, director, ISAC, ISRO. UNCOPUOS 60th Session, Vienna. 2019.</ref> The spacecraft is planned to carry the Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays (POLIX) payload which will study the degree and angle of polarisation of bright astronomical [[X-ray]] sources in the energy range 5–30 keV.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/chandrayaan-2-launched-here-are-future-isro-missions-to-space-5842337/|title=Chandrayaan 2 launched: Here are future ISRO missions to space|date=22 July 2019|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN|access-date=23 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726085439/https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/chandrayaan-2-launched-here-are-future-isro-missions-to-space-5842337/|archive-date=26 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
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|
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| ;Exoworlds
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| Exoworlds is a joint proposal by ISRO, [[Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology|IIST]] and the [[University of Cambridge]] for a space telescope dedicated for atmospheric studies of [[exoplanet]]s. The proposal is aiming for readiness by 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/mangaluru/exoworlds-to-take-off-in-2025-kasturirangan-782783.html|title=Exoworlds to take off in 2025: Kasturirangan|date=2019-12-05|website=Deccan Herald|language=en|access-date=2019-12-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iist.ac.in/sites/default/files/library/7thconvocationspeech2019.pdf|title=Seventh convocation address IIST|date=5 July 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206054815/https://www.iist.ac.in/sites/default/files/library/7thconvocationspeech2019.pdf|archive-date=6 December 2019|access-date=6 December 2019}}</ref>
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| === Forthcoming satellites ===
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-
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| ! Satellite name
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| ! Launch vehicle
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| ! Year!! Purpose
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| ! Notes
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| |-
| |
| | EOS-03/[[GISAT]] 1
| |
| | [[GSLV]] Mk II - F10
| |
| | 12 AUg 2021<ref name="TH_20210710">{{Cite news|others=PTI|date=2021-07-10|title=ISRO plans to launch geo imaging satellite on August 12|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-plans-to-launch-geo-imaging-satellite-on-august-12/article35249440.ece|access-date=2021-07-10|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> || [[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]]
| |
| | Geospatial imagery to facilitate continuous observation of Indian sub-continent, quick monitoring of natural hazards and disaster.
| |
| |-
| |
| |EOS-6 /[[Oceansat]]-3
| |
| |[[PSLV]] - C53
| |
| | October 2021
| |
| |[[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]]
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[NAVIC#NVS series satellite|NVS-01]]
| |
| | [[GSLV]] Mk II - F14
| |
| | November 2021 || [[Satellite navigation|Navigation]]
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |[[GSAT-20]]
| |
| |[[Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III|GSLV Mk III]]
| |
| | 2021 - 2022 ||[[Communications satellite|Communications]]
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |[[GISAT]] 2
| |
| |[[GSLV]] Mk II
| |
| |2021
| |
| |[[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]]
| |
| |Geospatial imagery to facilitate continuous observation of Indian sub-continent, quick monitoring of natural hazards and disaster.
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Indian Data Relay Satellite System|IDRSS]]
| |
| | [[GSLV]] Mk II
| |
| | 2021 - 2022 || [[Data transmission|Data relay and satellite tracking constellation]]
| |
| | Facilitates continuous real-time communication between [[Low Earth orbit]] bound spacecraft to the [[ground station]] as well as inter-satellite communication. Such a satellite in geostationary orbit can track a low altitude spacecraft up to almost half of its orbit.
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[NISAR (satellite)|NISAR]]
| |
| | [[GSLV]] Mk II
| |
| | 2022 || [[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]]
| |
| |NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) is a joint project between NASA and ISRO to co-develop and launch a dual frequency [[synthetic aperture radar]] satellite to be used for [[remote sensing]]. It is notable for being the first dual band [[radar imaging]] satellite.
| |
| |-
| |
| | DISHA
| |
| | [[PSLV]]
| |
| |2024–25<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/aeronomy-satellite-in-advanced-planning-stage/articleshow/66323217.cms|title=Space Applications Centre: 'Aeronomy satellite in advanced planning stage' {{!}} Ahmedabad News – Times of India|last1=23 Oct|first1=TNN {{!}} Updated|last2=2018|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=18 July 2019|last3=Ist|first3=4:58|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109064936/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/aeronomy-satellite-in-advanced-planning-stage/articleshow/66323217.cms|archive-date=9 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
| |
| | [[Aeronomy]]
| |
| |Disturbed and quite-type Ionosphere System at High Altitude (DISHA) satellite constellation with two satellites in {{cvt|450|km|adj=on}} [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]].<ref name="RS_20190718" />
| |
| |-
| |
| |AHySIS-2
| |
| |PSLV
| |
| |2024
| |
| |[[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]]
| |
| |Follow-up to [[HySIS]] hyperspectral Earth imaging satellite.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kumar|first=Suresh|date=2019-03-11|title=Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Salt-affected Soils : Potential & Future Prospects|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331648387}}</ref>
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| == Applications == | | == Applications == |
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