Siege of Kalinjar

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Siege of Kalinjar
E. view of the Fort at Kalinjar. May 1814.jpg
Kalinjar Fort as it appeared in 1814
Location
Kalinjar
Result Ghurid victory
Territorial
changes		 Kalinjar annexed to Ghurid Dynasty
Belligerents
Ghurid Dynasty Chandelas of Jejakabhukti
Commanders and leaders
Qutb-ud-din Aibak
Iltutmish		 ParamardiTemplate:Surrendered

The Siege of Kalinjar was a military expedition of Ghurid Empire under the command of Qutb-ud-din Aibak against the Chandelas of Jejakabhukti that commenced in 1203 during which the Ghurids successfully captured Kalinjar after besieging it.[1][2][3] The Ghurid forces defeated Chandelas and the Chandela ruler Paramardi surrendered Kalinjar to Ghurids.[4][5][6][7][8]

Background[edit]

Kalinjar was the political capital of Chandelas of Jejakabhukti.[9] It was invaded by Prithviraj Chauhan of Chauhan Dynasty in 1183.[10] After the death of Prithviraj after second battle of Tarain, Chandelas regained their superiority over Kalinjar. Chandela was ruled by Paramardi, the last major King of Chandelas.[11]

Qutb-uddin Aibak led his expedition towards Kalinjar in 1202–1203. He defeated Chandela forces and occupied Kalinjar. Paramardi surrendered and promised to pay tribute but died before executing his agreements.[12][3]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ IAS, THIS BOOK IS WRITTEN BY C. M. MISHRA, DIRECTOR OF RUDRA'S (2023-01-29). MPPSC MAINS PAPER 1: History, Culture & Literature of Madhya Pradesh. Rudra's IAS. p. 81.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ↑ Siddiqi, Iqtidar Husain (2010). Indo-Persian Historiography Up to the Thirteenth Century. Primus Books. p. 185. ISBN 978-81-908918-0-6.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 provinces, North-western (1874). Statistical, descriptive and historical account of the North-western Provinces of India, ed. by E.T. Atkinson [and others]. Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press. p. 451.
  4. ↑ Farooqui, Salma Ahmed (2011). A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: Twelfth to the Mid-eighteenth Century. Pearson Education India. p. 53. ISBN 978-81-317-3202-1.
  5. ↑ Srivastava, Ashok Kumar (1972). The Life and Times of Kutb-ud-din Aibak. Govind Satish Prakashan.
  6. ↑ Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002). History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 4. ISBN 978-81-269-0123-4.
  7. ↑ Srivastava, Ashok Kumar (1972). The Life and Times of Kutb-ud-din Aibak. Govind Satish Prakashan. p. 132.
  8. ↑ Kar, Hemendra Chandra (1980). Military History of India. Firma KLM. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-8364-1588-9.
  9. ↑ Education, Pearson. SSC topic-wise Previous Years Solved Papers General Awareness. Pearson Education India. p. 131. ISBN 978-93-5286-640-3.
  10. ↑ Rathore, Virendra Singh (2020-09-29). Prithviraj Chauhan - a Light on the Mist in History. Virendra Singh Rathore. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-63640-019-8.
  11. ↑ Dole, Manoj. Great Kings in The World. Manoj Dole. p. 58.
  12. ↑ Journal. 1896. p. 158.
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