Shaheen falcon

Shaheen falcon
	Territorial bird of Gilgit-Baltistan, Symbol of Pakistan Air Force
Conservation status
	Vulnerable
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Falconiformes
Family:	Falconidae
Genus:	Falco
Species:	F. peregrinus
Subspecies:	Falco peregrinus peregrinator

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The shaheen falcon (Falco peregrinus peregrinator) is also known as the Indian peregrine falcon,^[2] Other names are the black shaheen, Pakistani shaheen, or simply the shaheen.^[3]

It is a non-migratory subspecies of the peregrine falcon found mainly in hilly and mountainous regions of the Indian subcontinent and the nearby island of Sri Lanka.^[4] In Pakistani literature, the shaheen has a special association with the poetry of the country's national poet, Allama Muhammad Iqbal. The Pakistan Air Force has as a symbol and in Gilgit-Baltistan it is the unofficial bird of the region.

References[edit]

↑ Gehan de Silva Wijeratne; Deepal Warakagoda & T.S.U. de Zylva (2007). "Species description". A Photographic Guide to Birds of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publishers (UK) Ltd. p. 37 of 144. ISBN 978-1-85974-511-3.
↑ Manjula Vijesundara (2007). Sinhala Kurulu Vishvakoshaya (Sinhala bird encyclopaedia) - Part 1. Suriya Publishers. p. 278. ISBN 978-955-8892-94-7.
↑ The shaheen (شاهین) of Arabic and Persian writers are usually barbary falcons; those in Indian (शाहीन) and Pakistani (شاہین) sources normally refer to 'peregrinators'.
↑ Döttlinger, Hermann; & Nicholls, Mike (2005). "Distribution and population trends of the 'black shaheen' peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus peregrinator and the eastern peregrine falcon F. p. calidus in Sri Lanka" (PDF). Forktail. 21: 133–138. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-26. Retrieved 2011-11-08.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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[BirdsofSriLanka-1] Gehan de Silva Wijeratne; Deepal Warakagoda & T.S.U. de Zylva (2007). "Species description". A Photographic Guide to Birds of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publishers (UK) Ltd. p. 37 of 144. ISBN 978-1-85974-511-3.

[SinhalaKV1-2] Manjula Vijesundara (2007). Sinhala Kurulu Vishvakoshaya (Sinhala bird encyclopaedia) - Part 1. Suriya Publishers. p. 278. ISBN 978-955-8892-94-7.

[3] The shaheen (شاهین) of Arabic and Persian writers are usually barbary falcons; those in Indian (शाहीन) and Pakistani (شاہین) sources normally refer to 'peregrinators'.

[4] Döttlinger, Hermann; & Nicholls, Mike (2005). "Distribution and population trends of the 'black shaheen' peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus peregrinator and the eastern peregrine falcon F. p. calidus in Sri Lanka" (PDF). Forktail. 21: 133–138. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-26. Retrieved 2011-11-08.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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