Lists of state leaders by age

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Last edited March 29, 2026


Since 1800, the youngest serving state leader has been 0-days-old Alfonso XIII, King of Spain,[1] while the oldest has been 96-year-old Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms.

This article contains various lists of state leaders organized by age, defined as heads of state and/or heads of government.

Oldest serving state leaders[edit | edit source]

Top ten currently serving[edit | edit source]

Paul Biya, currently the oldest serving state leader

People currently serving as head of state and/or head of government, a party leader of a one-party state, or a representative of a head of state.

Rank Name State Position Assumed office Born Age
1 Paul Biya  Cameroon President 1982[2] (1933-02-13)13 February 1933 93 years, 169 days
2 Mahmoud Abbas  Palestine President 2005[3] (1935-11-15)15 November 1935 90 years, 259 days
3 Salman bin Abdulaziz al Saud  Saudi Arabia King 2015[4] (1935-12-31)31 December 1935 90 years, 213 days
4 Harald V  Norway King[5] 1991 (1937-02-21)21 February 1937 89 years, 161 days
5 Jean-Lucien Savi de Tové  Togo President 2025 (1939-05-07)7 May 1939 87 years, 86 days
6 Peter Mutharika  Malawi President 2025[6] (1940-07-18)18 July 1940 86 years, 14 days
7 Mishal Al-Sabah  Kuwait Emir 2023 (1940-09-27)27 September 1940 85 years, 308 days
8 Sergio Mattarella  Italy President 2015 (1941-07-23)23 July 1941 85 years, 9 days
9 Alassane Ouattara  Côte d'Ivoire President 2010[7] (1942-01-01)1 January 1942 84 years, 212 days
10 Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo  Equatorial Guinea President 1982[8] (1942-06-05)5 June 1942 84 years, 57 days

Top ten of all time[edit | edit source]

Giovanni Paolo Lascaris, the oldest serving state leader of all time whose age is fully verifiable
  Currently in office
  Currently living
Rank Name State Position Last year in office
(reason term ended) 		Age at end
1 Giovanni Paolo Lascaris  Malta
1657 (death) 97 years, 47 days
2 Elizabeth II File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom
Other Commonwealth realms		 Queen[9] 2022 (death) 96 years, 140 days
3 Prem Tinsulanonda  Thailand Regent 2016 (tenure ended) 96 years, 97 days
4 George Tupou I  Tonga King 1893 (death) 95 years, 76 days
5 Mahathir Mohamad  Malaysia Prime Minister 2020 (resigned) 94 years, 235 days
6 Nicolò da Ponte Template:Country data Republic of Venice Doge of Venice 1585 (death) 94 years, 196 days
7 Malietoa Tanumafili II  Samoa O le Ao o le Malo 2007 (death) 94 years, 127 days
8 Robert Mugabe  Zimbabwe President 2017 (resigned) 93 years, 273 days
9 Paul Biya  Cameroon President Incumbent 93 years, 169 days
10 Beji Caid Essebsi  Tunisia President 2019 (death) 92 years, 238 days

Youngest serving state leaders[edit | edit source]

Top ten currently serving[edit | edit source]

File:Balen Shah1 (cropped).jpg
Balendra Shah, currently the second-youngest serving state leader
Rank Name State Position Assumed office Born Age
1 Lorenzo Bugli  San Marino Captain Regent 2025 20 February 1995 31 years, 162 days
2 Balendra Shah    Nepal Prime Minister 2026 27 April 1990 36 years, 96 days
3 Kristrún Frostadóttir  Iceland Prime Minister 2024 12 May 1988 38 years, 81 days
4 Ibrahim Traoré  Burkina Faso
2022 14 March 1988 38 years, 140 days
5 Daniel Noboa  Ecuador President 2023 30 November 1987 38 years, 244 days
6 Milojko Spajić  Montenegro Prime Minister 2023 24 September 1987 38 years, 311 days
7 Rob Jetten  Netherlands Prime Minister 2026 25 March 1987 39 years, 129 days
8 Jakov Milatović  Montenegro President 2023 7 December 1986 39 years, 237 days
9 Matteo Rossi  San Marino Captain Regent 2025 9 July 1986 40 years, 23 days
10 Sébastien Lecornu  France Prime Minister 2025 11 June 1986 40 years, 51 days

Top ten since 1795[edit | edit source]

  Currently living
Rank Name State Position Assumed office Age when assuming office
1 Alfonso XIII Template:Country data Restoration (Spain) King 1886 0 days[1]
2 Sobhuza II  Swaziland King 1899 141 days
3 Fuad II Template:Country data Kingdom of Egypt King 1952 192 days
4 Girvan Yuddha  Nepal King 1799 1 year, 140 days
5 Puyi  China Emperor 1908 2 years, 299 days
6 Rajendra  Nepal King 1816 2 years, 353 days
7 Isabella II  Spain Queen 1833 2 years, 354 days
8 Gyanendra    Nepal King 1950[10] 3 years, 123 days
9 Guangxu  China Emperor 1875 3 years, 195 days
10 Mwambutsa IV Template:Country data Kingdom of Burundi King 1915 3 years, 224 days

Oldest state leaders[edit | edit source]

The following lists show the oldest people who have served office as state leader (not limited to their age while in office).

Top ten living[edit | edit source]

Guillermo Rodríguez, the oldest living state leader
Main article: List of oldest living state leaders
Rank Name State Position Born Age
1 Guillermo Rodríguez  Ecuador Acting President (1972–1976) 4 November 1923 102 years, 270 days
2 Mahathir Mohamad  Malaysia Prime Minister (1981–2003; 2018–2020) 10 July 1925 101 years, 22 days
3 Mohammad Hasan Sharq Template:Country data Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1988–1989) 17 July 1925 101 years, 15 days
4 Abdoulaye Wade  Senegal President (2000–2012) 29 May 1926 100 years, 64 days
5 Valdas Adamkus  Lithuania President (1998–2003; 2004–2009) 3 November 1926 99 years, 271 days
6 Raif Dizdarević Template:Country data Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia President of the Presidency (1988–1989) 9 December 1926 99 years, 235 days
7 Arthur Foulkes  Bahamas Governor-General (2010–2014) 11 May 1928 98 years, 82 days
8 Péter Boross  Hungary Prime Minister (1993–1994) 27 August 1928 97 years, 339 days
9 Zhu Rongji  China Premier of the State Council (1998–2003) 23 October 1928 97 years, 282 days
10 Édouard Balladur  France Prime Minister (1993–1995) 2 May 1929 97 years, 91 days

Top ten since 1800[edit | edit source]

Main article: List of longest-living state leaders
Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum, the longest-lived state leader
  Currently living
No. Name State Position Birth Death Age
1 Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum Template:Country data Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970) Acting Prime Minister (1962) 1 September 1905 22 January 2009 103 years, 143 days
2 Celâl Bayar  Turkey
16 May 1883 22 August 1986 103 years, 98 days
3 Antoine Pinay Template:Country data French Fourth Republic Prime Minister (1952–1953) 30 December 1891 13 December 1994 102 years, 348 days
4 André Prunet-Foch  Andorra French Viguier (1977–1980) 3 July 1914 30 January 2017 102 years, 211 days
5 Guillermo Rodríguez  Ecuador Acting President (1972–1976) 4 Nov 1923 Alive 102 years, 270 days
6 Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni File:Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg Japan Prime Minister (1945) 3 December 1887 20 January 1990 102 years, 48 days
7 Babiker Awadalla  Sudan Acting Prime Minister (1969) 2 March 1917 17 January 2019 101 years, 321 days
8 Willem Drees  Netherlands Prime Minister (1948–1958) 5 July 1886 14 May 1988 101 years, 314 days
9 Đỗ Mười  Vietnam
2 February 1917 1 October 2018 101 years, 241 days
10 Tomiichi Murayama File:Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg Japan Prime Minister (1994–1996) 3 March 1924 17 October 2025 101 years, 228 days

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Became a monarch at birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year.
  2. ↑ Previously served as Prime Minister of Cameroon from 1975–1982.
  3. ↑ Previously served as Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority in 2003.
  4. ↑ Served concurrently as Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 2015–2022.
  5. ↑ The Kingdom of Norway includes the dependent territory of Svalbard.
  6. ↑ Previously served as President of Malawi from 2014–2020.
  7. ↑ Previously served as Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from 1990–1993.
  8. ↑ Previously served as Chairman of the Supreme Military Council of Equatorial Guinea from 1979–1982.
  9. ↑ In 1952, Princess Elizabeth acceded as the monarch of seven Commonwealth realms. At the time of her death, she reigned as Queen of 15 sovereign states including the United Kingdom. From 1957–1983, most of her British colonies attained independence, and some joined the other realms in different years; most states ceased to be a realm upon becoming republics.
  10. ↑ Gyanendra's first occupation of the throne was in 1950; he was deposed in the 1951 Nepalese revolution.

Template:Lists of heads of state and government

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