List of countries by rail transport network size

From Bharatpedia, an open encyclopedia
Information red.svg
Scan the QR code to donate via UPI
Dear reader, We need your support to keep the flame of knowledge burning bright! Our hosting server bill is due on June 1st, and without your help, Bharatpedia faces the risk of shutdown. We've come a long way together in exploring and celebrating our rich heritage. Now, let's unite to ensure Bharatpedia continues to be a beacon of knowledge for generations to come. Every contribution, big or small, makes a difference. Together, let's preserve and share the essence of Bharat.

Thank you for being part of the Bharatpedia family!
Please scan the QR code on the right to donate.

0%

   

transparency: ₹0 raised out of ₹100,000 (0 supporter)




This list of countries by rail transport network size based on International Union of Railways data ranks countries by length of rail lines worked at end of year updated with other reliable sources. These figures also include urban/suburban mass-transport systems, as well as lines which are not used for passenger services.[citation needed]

List[edit]

Rank Country Length
(km)
Electrified length
(km)
% of the total length Electrified Historical peak length
(km)
Area (km2) per km track Population per km track Nationalised or Private[lower-alpha 1] Data year Notes
1 United States United States 149,407 2,025[1] 1.36% 408,833[2] 65.55 2,060 Both 2017 [3]
2 China China 146,300 100,000[4] 68.35% 65.62[4] 9570[4] Both 2020 [4]
3 Template:Flag+link 99,235 45,881 71%[5] 48.8 19,656 Both 2021 [6] [7]
4 Template:Flag+link 85,600 43,800 51.17% 150,000 199.98 1,678 Nationalised 2019 [8]
5 Template:Flag+link 64,000 129 0.20% 214.48 674 Private 2017 [9]
6 Template:Flag+link 40,625 22,500 55.38% 64,000 9.26 2,145 Both 2017 [3]
7 Template:Flag+link 36,966 190 0.51% 47,000 77.45 1,117 Nationalised 2014 [9]
8 Template:Flag+link 33,168 3,393 10.23% 231.91 742 Both 2017 [10]
9 Template:Flag+link 29,817 9,025 30.27% 299.6 7,225 Both[lower-alpha 2] 2014 [11]
10 Template:Flag+link 29,273 15,687 53.59% 42,500 22.78 2,374 Nationalised 2017 [3]
11 Template:Flag+link 27,311 20,534 75.19% 16.10 5,451 Private 2015 [9]
12 Template:Flag+link 23,389[12] 27 0.12% 26,914[12] 114.43 6,697 Private 2020 [13]
13 Template:Flag+link 22,387[14] 10,413 46.51% 58.28 2,577 Nationalised 2017 [15]
14 Template:Flag+link 20,952 9,801 46.78% 28.81 2,140 Nationalised 2016 [3]
15 Template:Flag+link 19,209 11,874 61.81% 27,000
(1954)[16]
16.28 2,001 Nationalised 2017 [3]
16 Template:Flag+link 16,998 2,200 12.94% 148.41 6,816 Nationalised 2014 [17][18]
17 Template:Flag+link 16,788 13,106 78.07% at least 24,227[lower-alpha 3] 17.95 3,614 Both 2016 [3]
18 Template:Flag+link 16,355 11,127 68.03% over 18,000 (1950s)[20] 31.73 2,920 Both 2017 [lower-alpha 4]
19 Template:Flag+link 16,320 5,357 32.82% 34,000
(before Beeching Axe)
14.86 4,047 Both (Franchised)[lower-alpha 5] 2017 [3]
20 Template:Flag+link 15,530 4,200 27.04% 175 1,146 Nationalised 2016 [3]
21 Template:Flag+link 14,180 11,939 84.20% 16,900
(around 1938)[25]
32 705 Both 2020 [26]
22 Template:Flag+link 12,740 5,467 42.91% 76 7,821 Nationalised 2018 [3][27]
23 Template:Flag+link 11,025 0 0% 171.07 12,127 2006 [9]
24 Template:Flag+link 10,774 3,292 30.56% at least 11,348[lower-alpha 6] 22.13 1,823 Both 2017 [3]
25 Template:Flag+link 9,567 3,237[29] 33.84% 8.24 1,106 Nationalised 2017 [3]
26 Template:Flag+link 8,100 286
(currently inactive)
0.00%(due to closure of electric lines) 8,122 102.18 22759 Nationalised 2015 [30]
27 Template:Flag+link 7,945 2,889 36.36% 11.71 1,233 Nationalised 2017 [3]
28 Template:Flag+link 7,024 62 0.88% 144 13,888 Nationalised 2017 [31]
29 Template:Flag+link 6,634 0.00% 128.2 2,931 2006
30 Template:Flag+link 6,084 0.00% 339.81 5,640 2006
31 Template:Flag+link 5,926 3,270 55.18% 57.06 929 Nationalised 2017 [3]
32 Template:Flag+link 5,735 ~3,500 61.03% 23.03 4,595 Nationalised 2006 [9]
33 Template:Flag+link 5,590 453 8.10% 384.56 6,254 2019 [32]
34 Template:Flag+link 5,527 3,826 69.22% 15.18 1,587 Both 2017 [3]
35 Template:Flag+link 5,476 0.00% 21.84 2,215 2007
36 Template:Flag+link 5,459 874 16.01% 38.03 1,741 2016 [3]
37 Template:Flag+link 5,368 471 8.77% 7,464 223.31 27853 Nationalised 2017 [33]
38 Template:Flag+link 5,196 5,196 100.00% 5,632 7.95 1,585 Mainly privately operated[lower-alpha 7] 2015 [3]
39 Template:Flag+link 5,080 0.00% 153.44 1,585 2014
40 Template:Flag+link 4,900 107 2.18% 126.04 16,084 2017 [9]
41 Template:Flag+link 4,735 1,830 38.65% 6,950 94.8 6,969 Nationalised 2020 [34]
42 Template:Flag+link 4,440 283 6.37% 536.43 9,306 Nationalised 2016 [31]
43 Template:Flag+link 4,165 2,522 60.55% 19.08 9348 Nationalised 2009 [9]
44 Template:Flag+link 4,128 506 12.26% 5,689 64.64 1,070 Nationalised 2018 [9]
45 Template:Flag+link 4,096 0.00% 585.19 16,463 2008
46 Template:Flag+link 4,030 2,880 71.46% 6507 27.54 1,762 2017 [3]
47 Template:Flag+link 3,848 2,622 68.14% 83.12 1,350 Both (Franchised) 2017 [3]
48 Template:Flag+link 3,764 1,279 33.98% 23.48 1,866 Nationalised 2017 [3]
49 Template:Flag+link 3,626 1,587 43.77% 13.52 1,499 2017 [3]
50 Template:Flag+link 3,607 2,960 82.06% 5,000
(10,000 including regional tramways)
8.48 3,140 Nationalised 2018 [9][35]
51 Template:Flag+link 3,600 0.00% 261.84 44,904 2006
52 Template:Flag+link 3,364 0.00% 141.12 27,765 2007
53 Template:Flag+link 3,249 0.00% 256.54 6,604 2008
54 Template:Flag+link 3,136 313 9.98% 130.25 4,190 Nationalised 2010
55 Template:Flag+link 3,055 2,314 75.74% 13.59 5,591 Semi privatised 2017 [3]
56 Template:Flag+link 2,993 0.00% 58.88 1,121 2006
57 Template:Flag+link 2,866 0.00% 383.32 3,638 2007
58 Template:Flag+link 2,835 0.00% 50.79 53,392 2008
59 Template:Flag+link 2,783 767 27.56% 118.52 11,732 Nationalised 2018 [9]
60 Template:Flag+link 2,761 0.00% 2,764 451.54 6,911 2006 [9]
61 Template:Flag+link 2,722 0.00% 348.02 15,866 2006
62 Template:Flag+link 2,604 985 37.83% 21.71 1,595 2017 [3]
63 Template:Flag+link 2,546 1,633 64.14% 3,592 (Around 1949) 36.13 4,049 Nationalised 2017 [3]
64 Template:Flag+link 2,541 0.00% 228.4 17,643 2013 [36]
65 Template:Flag+link 2,382 0.00% 346.05 877 2006 [9]
66 Template:Flag+link 2,240 764 34.11% 58.91 4,808 2017 [3]
67 Template:Flag+link 2,165 0.00% 75.57 5,326 2018 [31]
68 Template:Flag+link 2,139 0.00% 86.57 11,078 2008
69 Template:Flag+link 2,109 1,022 48.46% 211.74 16,946 2017 [31]
70 Template:Flag+link 2,068 1,278 61.80% 41.88 4,666 2015 [3]
71 Template:Flag+link 2,032 0.00% 215.71 15,587 2006
72 Template:Flag+link 2,020 0.00% 636.25 14,585 2008
73 Template:Flag+link 1,987 640 32.21% 5,290[37] 21.69 2,893 Nationalised, rural lines franchised 2017 [3]
74 Template:Flag+link 1,931 53 2.74% 5,600 36.39 2,477 Nationalised 2017 [3]
75 Template:Flag+link 1,911 122 6.38% 33.8 1,490 2017 [3]
77 Template:Flag+link 1,860 257[38] 13.82% 35.11 1,048 2017 [3]
78 Template:Flag+link 1,810 0.00% 864.15 1,560 2008
79 Template:Flag+link 1,782 1,300 72.95% 5,000 21.25 13638 Both 2018 [39]
80 Template:Flag+link 1,663 0.00% 648.85 27,770 2007
81 Template:Flag+link 1,576 1,288 81.73% 44.23 2,360 2016 [3]
82 Template:Flag+link 1,508 0.00% 43.51 13,696 2010
83 Template:Flag+link 1,486 112[40][needs update] 4.05% 14.76 6,313 Nationalised 2020 [31][41]

Does not include urban rail

84 Template:Flag+link 1,244 0.00% 930.65 122,780 2002
85 Template:Flag+link 1,237 0.00% 608.42 10,547 2006
86 Template:Flag+link 1,209 503 41.60% 16.75 1,709 2017 [3]
87 Template:Flag+link 1,161 132 11.37% 3,000 38.96 1,134 Both 2017 [3]
89 Template:Flag+link 1,151 0.00% 29.4 3,084 2017 [3]
90 Template:Flag+link 1,018 565 55.50% 50.29 3,445 2017 [3]
91 Template:Flag+link 977 0.00% 1,104 486.63 23,367 2015 [42]
92 Template:Flag+link 966 0.00% 293.54 14,810 2006 [9]
93 Template:Flag+link 953 0.00% 250.30 25,429 2006
94 Template:Flag+link 906 0.00% 217.12 16,534 2015 [36]
95 Template:Flag+link 888 0.00% 655.1 2,488 2014
96 Template:Flag+link 885 0.00% 123.04 16,228 Private 2004 Operations Halted since 2006
97 Template:Flag+link 848 0.00% 692.27 28,573 2015 [36]
98 Template:Flag+link 837 0.00% 293.74 11,926 2006 [9]
99 Template:Flag+link 810 0.00% 330.45 1,858 2007
100 Template:Flag+link 797 0.00% 148.66 18,696 2007
101 Template:Flag+link 795 0.00% 430.19 5086 2006
102 Template:Flag+link 758 0.00% 148.58 11,581 2006
103 Template:Flag+link 729 0.00% 1,701.22 22,606 2013
104 Template:Flag+link 728 0.00% 1,415.80 4,753 2008
105 Template:Flag+link 703 703 100.00% 42.31 4,168 2016 [3]
106 Template:Flag+link 699 0.00% 160.36 11,753 2006 [9]
107 Template:Flag+link 683 313 45.83% 37.65 3,037 2017 [3]
67 Template:Flag+link 2,185 1,401 100.00% 1,675.72 150,935 2016 [43]
109 Template:Flag+link 650 0.00% 278.52 24,994 2018 [44]
110 Template:Flag+link 639 0.00% 504.64 30,889 2007
111 Template:Flag+link 622 0.00% 440.84 25,291 2006
112 Template:Flag+link 622 0.00% 143.64 15,598 2017 [31]
113 Template:Flag+link 616 0.00% 232.31 11,167 2007
114 Template:Flag+link 597 0.00% 30.61 1,442 2006 [9]
115 Template:Flag+link 568 0.00% 99.97 10,613 2006 [9]
116 Template:Flag+link 562 0.00% 37.44 10,221 2007
117 Template:Flag+link 532.3 53.3 10.01% 1,100 Both 2021 [45]
118 Template:Flag+link 517 0.00% 94.14 18,141 2006 [9]
119 Template:Flag+link 490 0.00% 227.28 8,151 2006 [9]
120 Template:Flag+link 417 0.00% 479.38 13,446 2012 [3]
121 Template:Flag+link 355 0.00% 212.45 9,594 2006 [9]
122 Template:Flag+link 336 0.00% 2,714.43 87,458 2006
123 Template:Flag+link 334 0.00% 86.07 8,602 2016 [3]
124 Template:Flag+link 306 0.00% 384.31 17,170 2006 [9]
125 Template:Flag+link 301 0.00% 57.69 3,940 2008
126 Template:Flag+link 278 0.00% 183.81 16,416 2007 [9]
127 Template:Flag+link 275 275 100.00% 9.4 2,148 Nationalised 2017 [3]
128 Template:Flag+link 264 0.00% 316 21,893 Nationaised 2020
129 Template:Flag+link 240.1 240.1 100.00% 2021
130 Template:Flag+link 250 225 90.00% 55.25 2,490 2017 [3]
- Hong Kong 218 0.00% 5.08 33,165 Private 2014 [46]
131 Template:Flag+link 166 0.00% 986.87 3,163 2001 [9]
132 Template:Flag+link 127 0.00% 1,149.57 4,197 2001 est. [9]
133 Template:Flag+link 92 0.00% 80 252.17 9,203 2016 [47]
134 Template:Flag+link 84 0.00% 854.05 69,857 2001 [9]
135 Template:Flag+link 75 0.00% 8,696.40 418,827 2011 [48]
136 Template:Flag+link 65 0.00% 40.41 9,948 2003 [9]
137 Template:Flag+link 58 0.00% 5.22 1,040 2006 [9]
139 Template:Flag+link 57 0.00% 2,582.12 514,035 2017 [49]
139 Template:Flag+link 38 0.00% 11,298.67 173,056 2006 [9]
- Puerto Rico (US) 17 0.00% 370 143.65 38,810 2006 [9]
140 Template:Flag+link 13 0.00% 443.46 30,692 2001 est. [9]
141 Template:Flag+link 9.5 9.5 100.00% 17.78 4,017 2017 [9]
- Western Sahara 5 0.00% 53,200.00 106,200 2008 see Mauritania Railway
142 Template:Flag+link 3.9 0.00% 4.20 2,000 2001 [9]
143 Template:Flag+link 3.5 0.00% 59,200.00 1,557,550 2005
144 Template:Flag+link 1.7 1.7 100.00% 1.18 20,588 2019 [9]
145 Template:Flag+link 1.6 0.00% 10,118.33 723,667 1995 [9]
146 Template:Flag+link 0.3 0 0.00% 0.3 1.47 3,333 2019
Template:Flag+link[lower-alpha 8] 208,211 117,599 56.48% ~223,000[lower-alpha 9] 20.46 2,347 Both 2017 [3]
World 1,370,782 372.12 4,814 2006 [9]
Notes
  1. This refers to both track ownership and train operation
  2. Freight transport operated by private companies on public tracks under concession. Commuter rail and metro systems mostly operated by state owned companies.
  3. The RFI cited that length as the total railway length in exercise in 2011,[19] but it could have been longer in previous years.
  4. The Spanish railway network comprises the 11,934.3 km of the ADIF network (6,706.4 of them are electrified),[21] the 3,455.7 electrified km of the ADIF AV network,[22] the electrified Catalan FGC (253.4 km) and the electrified Metro networks of Madrid (293 km), Barcelona (166 km), Valencia (156.4 km), Bilbao (51 km), Seville (18 km), Palma (15.6 km) and Málaga (12 km).[23]
  5. In 2014, Network Rail, which owns the railway infrastructure in Great Britain, was reclassified as a "public sector body" and its financial liabilities are now formally included as part of the national debt.[24] Much debate continues if this constitutes as the "nationalisation" of Network Rail.[citation needed] Private firms continue to operate the majority of train services under government franchises or concessions.
  6. The figure is mentioned as the total network length in 1990,[28] but the total network length may have grown after 1990.
  7. Mainly privately operated, but thoroughly subsidised (~25%) by taxes and by federal, cantonal and municipal subsidies[citation needed].
  8. The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of Template:EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU is included as a separate entity because it has many attributes of independent nations, being much more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur.[50] Transport and trans-European networks are among shared competence between EU and member states. As the EU is not a country, the United States is the first ranked country on these lists.
  9. The sum of all countries of the European Union appearing in this article.

sdgs

Countries currently without a rail network[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Primary source

UIC data

Citations
  1. Freeman, Richard; Cooper, Hal (Summer 2005). "Why Electrified Rail Is Superior" (PDF). 21st Century. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  2. Rodrigue, Dr. Jean-Paul. "The Geography of Transport Systems". New York: Routledge. Archived from the original on 17 February 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
  3. 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35 3.36 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.40 "Country Profiles". United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "十三五"期间全国铁路营业里程增加到14.63万公里" [During the 13th Five-Year Plan, the national railway operating mileage increased to 146,300 kilometers]. China News (in Chinese). 4 January 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2021.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  5. "The latest Broad Gauge network of Indian Railways is 63,949 Route kilometer (RKM) and with 740 km of Konkan Railway is 64,689 RKM, out of which 45,881 RKM i.e. 71 % have been electrified by 31.03.2021". pib.gov.in (Indian Government ). Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  6. Railways, Indian. "INDIAN RAILWAYSYEAR BOOK 2019 - 20" (PDF).
  7. https://ircep.gov.in/AboutUs.html
  8. "Russian Raiways". Archived from the original on 14 April 2020.
  9. 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24 9.25 9.26 9.27 9.28 9.29 9.30 9.31 9.32 9.33 9.34 "The World Bank". data.worldbank.org. The World Bank. 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  10. "Trainline 5" (PDF). Canberra: Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics. November 2017. p. 59. ISBN 978-1-925531-80-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
  11. "Ferrovias Brasileiras". gov.br (in português). Ministério da Infraestrutura. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  12. 12.0 12.1 Ferroviario, Agencia Reguladora del Transporte. "Sistema Ferroviario Mexicano". gob.mx (in español). Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  13. Ferroviario, Agencia Reguladora del Transporte. "Sistema Ferroviario Mexicano". gob.mx (in español). Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  14. ReportBuyer. "Railway Transport in South Africa 2017". www.prnewswire.com. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  15. "South Africa: Transnet Freight rail 2017" (PDF). Transnet. 18 February 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
  16. Falkowski, Mariusz; Pytel, Marek (25 March 2015). "Analiza geopolityczna aktualnego stanu sieci kolejowej w Polsce" [Geopolitical analysis of the current state of the railway network in Poland]. Geopolitical (in polski). Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  17. "Islamic Republic Of Iran Railways :: راه آهن جمهوري اسلامي ايران". Rai.ir. Archived from the original on 15 August 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
  18. The figure includes passenger, commercial and industrial railroads; More information can be found at Islamic Republic of Iran Railways
  19. "La rete oggi" (in italiano). Archived from the original on 4 December 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  20. "Las líneas férreas desmanteladas en Andalucía: Diagnóstico para su uso como itinerarios no monotorizados" (in español). Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  21. "Declaración sobre la Red Adif 2020 (Documento Completo) V.0. Edición 4 de junio 2020" (PDF) (in español). Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  22. "Declaración sobre la Red ADIF Alta Velocidad 2020 (Documento Completo) V.1. Edición 5 de agosto de 2020" (PDF) (in español). Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  23. "World Metro Database". Metrobits. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  24. Budget (19 March 2014). "Budget 2014: fears of more austerity in spite of growth". Telegraph. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  25. "Banguiden. Kort svensk järnvägshistoria" [Brief Swedish railway history]. järnväg.net [Railways]- the guide to Sweden's trains and railways (in svenska). Retrieved 12 April 2018.
  26. "Sveriges jarnvagsna" (in svenska). Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  27. "TCDD Annual Report 2018". Turkish Railways. 14 August 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  28. "Romania's Railway Development 1950–1989: Changing Priorities for Socialist Construction" (PDF). Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  29. "Provozní délka elektrizovaných tratí (km)" [Operating length of electrified lines (km) (Source Eurostat)]. Transport Yearbook (in Czech). 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  30. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  31. 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 "Rail infrastructure: length of network". Eurostat. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  32. AlMalik, Bashar, "Saudi Railway Company." International Rail Congress 2019, Zwölf-Apostolkeller,Wien, Austria, March 18, 2019.
  33. "SEJARAH PERKERETAAPIAN INDONESIA" [HISTORY OF INDONESIAN RAILWAYS (1864 - 2017)]. Ministry of Transportation (in Malay). Retrieved 27 June 2021. Indonesia is the second country in Asia (after India) to have the oldest railway network. China and Japan only followed later.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  34. "Mamlakatda elektrlashtirilgan temir yo'l uchastkalarining ulushi ortib bormoqda". www.stat.uz. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  35. Regul. "Marktmonitoing Spoor 2018" (PDF) (in Nederlands). Regul. p. 6. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  36. 36.0 36.1 36.2 "Rail Infrastructure in Africa: Financing Policy Options" (PDF). African Development Bank Group. 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
  37. "Danmarks jernbaner | lex.dk". Den Store Danske (in dansk). Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  38. "Latvia's plans to electrify its network". Reilway Pro. 21 December 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  39. "Statistical Abstract of Transportation & Communications – Mileage of Railways in Taiwan Area". MOTC, ROC(Taiwan). Retrieved 11 March 2020.
  40. "Jerusalem - Tel Aviv fast rail link finally begins operations". Globes. 22 December 2019. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  41. "Table 19.3 – Railway Services" (PDF). Statistical Abstract of Israel 72. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 21 July 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
  42. "Case Sudy: Camrail" (PDF). The World Bank. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
  43. "Chinese, Ethiopian firms sign railway project deal|Africa|chinadaily.com.cn". usa.chinadaily.com.cn. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  44. "Railway Services". Cambodia Ministry of Public Works and Transport. 3 November 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  45. "Sad saga of PNR". Opinion. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 13 May 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  46. "Railway Development Strategy" (PDF). Hong Kong Transport and Housing Bureau. September 2014. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  47. Mahdi Miad. "Ethiopia-Djibouti Railway Line to Start Early 2016 | DP World – Doraleh Website". dpworld-doraleh.com. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  48. "Afghanistan opens first ever train route". Telegraph.co.uk. 21 December 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  49. Poonam Neupane (28 December 2017). "Railways in Nepal with History, Research, Present Condition & Future Plan". imnepal.com. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  50. CIA (2014). "The World Factbook". Retrieved 15 March 2015. Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners. Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a new, separate entity in The World Factbook.

Template:Transport country lists