| Karam Singh | |
|---|---|
| Maharaja of Patiala | |
.jpg) Painting of Maharaja Karam Singh in the Audience Hall of Qila Mubarak, Patiala, circa mid-19th century | |
| Maharaja of Patiala | |
| Reign | 1813 – 1845 |
| Predecessor | Sahib Singh |
| Successor | Narinder Singh |
| Born | 1798 |
| Died | 1845 |
| Issue | Narinder Singh |
| Dynasty | Phulkian dynasty |
| Father | Sahib Singh |
| Mother | Rattan Kaur |
Karam Singh (1798 – 1845) was the fourth ruler of Patiala State and the Maharaja of Patiala. Singh was the first of the Patiala rulers to have the title of Maharaja.[dubious ] His reign was noted for Patiala State's territorial expansion and his support for the British Empire.[1]
Early life and background[edit | edit source]
Karam Singh was born in 1798. He was the son Sahib Singh, the ruler and Raja-e-Rajgan of Patiala.[2] Singh was also the member of the Phulkian dynasty.[2]
Reign[edit | edit source]
Singh became the ruler of Patiala in 1813.[3] He was also the first ruler of Patiala to have been referred to as a Maharaja, the title having been bestowed on him by Mughal Emperor Akbar II.[4][1] Singh was also noted as a patron of paintings, and from 1814 to 1815, he had a family of Rajasthani painters at his court.[5]
Administration and rule[edit | edit source]
During his early reign, Singh had disputes with his mother and his younger brother, Ajit Singh.[6] Singh continued his dispute with Nabha State, another Phulkian dynasty state, which had been carrying on since 1807.[6] From 1838 to 1843, Singh had a border dispute with Kaithal State.[6] He had extensive diplomatic relations with Maharaja Ranjit Singh of the Sikh Empire, whose court in Lahore a vakil of Patiala was often dispatched to.[7]
Relations with the British Empire and territorial expansion[edit | edit source]
Singh supported the British Empire during the Anglo-Nepalese War from 1814 to 1816.[8][9] In return for Singh's support during the Anglo-Nepalese War, the British awarded Singh territory in the hill states, extending Patiala State's territory to Shimla, Chail and other areas in modern-day Himachal Pradesh.[8][9] In 1845, Singh declared his support for the British against the Sikh Empire.[10]
Death and succession[edit | edit source]
Singh died in 1845 and was succeeded by his son, Narinder Singh, as the Maharaja of Patiala.[11]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Singh, Khushwant (15 February 2017). Captain Amarinder Singh: The People's Maharaja: An Authorized Biography. Hay House, Inc. ISBN 978-93-85827-44-0.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Singh, Kirpal (2005). Baba Ala Singh: Founder of Patiala Kingdom (2nd ed.). Amritsar: Guru Nanak Dev University. p. 121.
- ↑ Wade, Bonnie C. (1984). Khyal: Creativity Within North India's Classical Music Tradition. Cambridge: CUP Archive. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-521-25659-9.
- ↑ Fenech, Louis E. (2021). The Cherished Five in Sikh History. Oxford University Press. pp. 109–111. ISBN 978-0-19-753284-3.
- ↑ Singh, Mohinder. History and Culture of Panjab. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. 275.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Punjab District and State Gazetteers: Part A]. Part 1. Punjab Government Press. 1900. pp. 48–52. Archived from the original on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
- ↑ Goswamy, B. N. (2000). Piety and Splendour: Sikh Heritage in Art. Delhi: National Museum. pp. 156–157.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Massy, Charles Francis (1890). Chiefs and Families of Note in the Delhi, Jalandhar, Peshawar and Derajat Divisions of the Panjab. Allahabad: Pioneer Press. pp. 12–15.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Singh, Khushwant (15 February 2017). Captain Amarinder Singh: The People's Maharaja: An Authorized Biography. Hay House, Inc. ISBN 978-93-85827-44-0. Archived from the original on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ↑ Imperial Gazetteer of India. Vol. XX. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1908. p. 37. Archived from the original on 10 July 2024. Retrieved 26 July 2024.
- ↑ Srivastava, R. P. (1983). Punjab Painting. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications. p. xviii. ISBN 978-81-7017-174-4.