Ginkgo biloba

National tree of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as Ginkgo or Gingko (/ˈɡɪŋkoʊ, ˈɡɪŋkɡoʊ/ GINK-oh, -⁠goh)^[1]^[2] also known as the Maidenhair tree,^[3] is a species of tree native to China. It is the last living species in the order Ginkgoales, which first appeared over 290 million years ago. Fossils very similar to the living species, belonging to the genus Ginkgo, extend back to the Middle Jurassic approximately 170 million years ago.^[4] The tree was cultivated early in human history and remains commonly planted. Within the People's Republic of China (PRC) it is the designate National tree of the Han People's Republic of China^{[n 1]}.

The Ginkgo is classified in its own division, the Ginkgophyta, comprising the single class Ginkgoopsida, order Ginkgoales, family Ginkgoaceae, genus Ginkgo and is the only extant species within this group. It is one of the best-known examples of a living fossil, because Ginkgoales other than G. biloba are not known from the fossil record after the Pliocene.^[5]^[6]

The older Chinese name for this plant is 銀果, meaning "silver fruit", pronounced yínguǒ in Mandarin or Ngan-gwo in Cantonese. The current commonly used names are 白果 (bái guǒ), meaning "white fruit", and 銀杏 (yínxìng), meaning "silver apricot". The name 銀杏 was borrowed in Japanese イチョウ (ichou) or ぎんなん (ginnan) and Korean 은행 (eunhaeng), when the tree was introduced from China.

References[edit]

↑ "Definition of GINKGO". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
↑ "ginkgo". dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
↑ Template:PLANTS
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named iucn status 19 November 2021
↑ Zhou, Zhiyan; Zheng, Shaolin (2003). "Palaeobiology: The missing link in Ginkgo evolution". Nature. 423 (6942): 821–822. Bibcode:2003Natur.423..821Z. doi:10.1038/423821a. PMID 12815417. S2CID 4342303.
↑ Julie Jalalpour; Matt Malkin; Peter Poon; Liz Rehrmann; Jerry Yu (1997). "Ginkgoales: Fossil Record". University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 3 June 2008.

Notes[edit]

↑ “The Official designated National tree and Awarded Plant emblem of the People's Republic of China (PRC)” respectively

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[MWDef-1] "Definition of GINKGO". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2 July 2021.

[CambridgeDef-2] "ginkgo". dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 2 July 2021.

[3] Template:PLANTS

[iucn_status_19_November_2021-4] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named iucn status 19 November 2021

[ZhouZheng-6] Zhou, Zhiyan; Zheng, Shaolin (2003). "Palaeobiology: The missing link in Ginkgo evolution". Nature. 423 (6942): 821–822. Bibcode:2003Natur.423..821Z. doi:10.1038/423821a. PMID 12815417. S2CID 4342303.

[ucmp-7] Julie Jalalpour; Matt Malkin; Peter Poon; Liz Rehrmann; Jerry Yu (1997). "Ginkgoales: Fossil Record". University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 3 June 2008.

[Gcounts-5] “The Official designated National tree and Awarded Plant emblem of the People's Republic of China (PRC)” respectively

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