Bangladesh Chhatra League

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Bangladesh Chhatra League
বাংলাদেশ ছাত্রলীগ
AbbreviationBSL
PresidentSaddam Hussain[1]
General SecretarySheikh Wali Ashif Inan
FounderSheikh Mujibur Rahman
Founded4 January 1948; 76 years ago (1948-01-04)
Preceded byEast Pakistan Muslim Students' League
Headquarters23, Bangabandhu Avenue, Gulistan, Dhaka
Party flag
বাংলাদেশ ছাত্রলীগের পতাকা.svg
Website
bsl.org.bd

The Bangladesh Chhatra League (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ছাত্রলীগ; translation: Bangladesh Students' League; abbr. BSL), formerly known as the East Pakistan Student League, often simply called the Chhatra League, is a students' political organisation in Bangladesh, founded by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on 4 January 1948. BSL is the student wing of the Bangladesh Awami League.[2]

During the Bangladesh Liberation War, the Bangladesh Chhatra League was a key player, but in 1972, it broke up into two factions based on their allegiance to Shekh Mujibur Rahman.[3] The group was a pioneer in the 1952 Language Movement, the 1954 general election victory of the United Front (East Pakistan), the anti-Aiyub movement in 1958, the education movement in 1962, the Six-Point movement in 1966, the mass uprising in 1968, and the 1970 general elections.[4]

BSL has been repeatedly accused of using torture, extortion, violence, forced prostitution, and killings to instill fear.[5][6][7] At least 33 people were killed and 1,500 got seriously injured from attacks by BSL between 2009 and 2014. Number of fatalities rose to 129 between 2014 and 2018 while 31 people were killed in 2018 alone.[8]

A BSL leader was arrested for links with the banned terrorist group Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh in a militant hunt after the July 2016 Dhaka attack.[9] The leaders and activists of the organization was found involved in the 2021 Bangladesh communal violence.[10]

Bangladesh Chhatra League is accused of running a 'forced prostitution' racket by forcing the girls of Eden Mohila College unit by blackmailing them.[11]

Following the attacks on student protesters in 2018, a petition was started by general people of Bangladesh to "Enlist Bangladesh Chhatra League (BSL) as a Terrorist Organization" at Change.org.[12][13] In 2019, prominent English-language daily of Bangladesh, Dhaka Tribune labelled the organization as "the brand of shame".[14] On May 26, 2022 after a series of attack on dissident student groups eight left-wing student organizations termed Bangladesh Chhatra League a 'terrorist organization'.[15]

History[edit]

On 4 January 1948, the East Pakistan Muslim Chhatra League was established by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at a meeting in Fazlul Huq Muslim Hall at the University of Dhaka. The organisation's name was later changed[when?] to the Bangladesh Chhatra League. Naeemuddin Ahmed was the first convener of BSL,[citation needed] while Khaleque Nawaz Khan was the founder general secretary of the Chhatra League.[citation needed]

During the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War, members of the Chhatra League were recruited into the Mujib Bahini (also known as the Bengal Liberation Force),[citation needed] an armed group trained by India's foreign intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing. However, their exact involvement in the war is disputed, with Zafrullah Chowdhury stating, "The Mujib Bahini did not fight the liberation war."[16] In 2014, A. K. Khandker was sued for accusing the Mujib Bahini of hooliganism and looting during the war in his book in his book 1971: Bhetore Baire.[17]

Violence[edit]

Rape and violence against women[edit]

Since 1990s numerous rape and sexual violence allegations have surfaced in the media involving Chhatra League leaders and activists. Chhatra League leaders and activists often use rape as a tool to suppress the women and create an environment of fear.[18] There are well documented incidents that Chhatra League leaders have even celebrated their century of raping women.[19]

Culture of rape in Jahangirnagar University[edit]

The general secretary of Bangladesh Chhatra League Jahangirnagar University unit, Jasimuddin Manik and his followers celebrated the rape of 100th girls including at least 20 students of the university in 1998. This led to a series of protests which resulted in the expulsion of Manik and his followers from the university on 2 August 1999 after the 1999 JU Anti-Rape Movement.[20]

Women harassment on Pohela Boishakh 2015[edit]

On Bangla New Year celebration of Dhaka University campus, a group of students sexually assaulted women on the venue and tried to strip them off their clothing.[21] Law enforcement was present in the vicinity, yet the miscreants were not stopped, according to witness accounts:[22]

"When we sought help from a few policemen standing 20 yards from the spot, they said that the area was beyond their jurisdiction,” said Amit who also came under attack by the youths and had his fingers fractured.

Amit along with five of his fellow activists had tried to save a group of women aged between 25-30 years from the rowdy youths.

"The youths were divided into three groups and each group had 10-12 of them. People everywhere around were blowing vuvuzela so loudly that nobody could hear the victims' cry for help," he said, adding thousands of people were milling around the area, making it difficult for them to prevent the attackers.

Despite having CCTV footage which clearly identified the culprits, the police made no arrests by 2019:[23]

The probe over the incident was forced to end as the DB police failed to concretely identify any of the culprits beyond simple facial and visual CCTV recording during their eight-month-long investigation. DB Sub inspector Dipok Kumar Das submitted a final report to court on 13 December 2015, saying he had failed to identify any of the suspects.

As the ruling party Awami League has control over law enforcement and Chhatra League is the student wing of Awami League, it is widely speculated that the police assisted Chhatra League to carry out these attacks by taking no action to stop them and by making no arrests. Notably, Chhatra League also prevented its female members from protesting this incident.[24]

MC College rape allegations[edit]

On 28 September, The Daily Star, reported that BCL had participated in factional clashes at MC College, which resulted in 4 people dying in various incidents since 2018.[25] The report came after BCL activists allegedly raped a woman in front of "BCL Men's Room" at MC College.[26] The victim's husband has filed a rape against several BCL activists[27] and the victim has named several in her court statement.[28] A total of 7 suspects have been arrested as of 29 September 2020.[29][30] DNA reports have confirmed involvement of the suspects.[31][32]

Rape of tourist in Cox's Bazar[edit]

A woman tourist, housewife and mother of an eight-month-old child, was gang-raped by Joy, Ashiq, and Babu. The woman tourist was first separated from her husband and children, who were held as hostages by the three alleged rapists while the woman tourist was raped in the tourism capital of Bangladesh.[33] Prominent women rights activist Shireen Huq opined that the incident is "misogyny and banditry at its worst."

Rape attempt in Chattagram University[edit]

A female student of the Chattagram University was stripped naked after some Chhatra League goons picked her up right in front of her dormitory inside the university and attempted to rape her.[34] Later, an investigation by law enforcement agencies found that the five accused are activists of the Deputy Education Minister Mohibul Hasan Chowdhury's close aide Rezaul Haque.[35] Rezaul Haque obstructed the girl from filing complaint for which he was served a show-cause notice from Chhatra League. But before this incident, two more students were sexually assaulted by the followers of Deputy Education Minister Mohibul Hasan Chowdhury[36] inside the campus and the Chattagram University parked the cases as they involved Chhatra League and the minister.

Murder and terrorism[edit]

Killing of Nahid Hossain[edit]

A mob allegedly led by Dhaka College Chhatra League killed Nahid Hossain, a poor deliveryman, during a clash with local shopkeepers of New Market, Dhaka. Nahid Hossain, who was in his twenties, started from him home of Kamrangirchar to his workplace at Elephant Road on April 20. But a few yards away from his workplace, he was surrounded by a mob allegedly led by the activists of Chhatra League from the Dhaka College, who beat him down and lynched him with sharp machettes mercilessly only to leave him die on the street.[37]

Murder of Abrar Fahad[edit]

A student of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology was beaten to death after Bangladesh Chhatra League men allegedly questioned him suspecting his involvement with Shibir.[38][8][39]

Alleged students are: Mehedi Hasan Rasel of civil engineering, general secretary of Buet BSL, Muhtasim Fuad of civil engineering vice-president, Mehedi Hasan Robein of chemical engineering, the organizing secretary, Anik Sarker of mechanical engineering, the secretary of information and research affairs, Ishtiaq Ahmed Munna of mechanical engineering, the publication affairs secretary, Ifti Mosharraf Shakal of biomedical engineering batch-16, the deputy social welfare secretary, Meftahul Islam Zion of naval architecture and marine engineering, the sports secretary, Muzahidur Rahman Muzahid of civil engineering, Muntasir Alam Jemi of chemical engineering and Khandaker Tabakhkharul Islam Tanvir of mechanical engineering, Moniruzzaman Monir, Water Resources Engineering Department, Akash Hossain, Civil Engineering Department and Shamsul Arefin Rafat, Mechanical Engineering Department of Buet.[40]

Murder of Biswajit Das[edit]

Biswajit Das, a 24-year-old tailor in Dhaka, Bangladesh, was murdered on 9 December 2012 by members of the Bangladesh Chhatra League who mistook Das for an opposition supporter. Das was chased and attacked with machetes, iron bars, and hockey sticks.[41] He was taken to Mitford Hospital, where he shortly died of his wounds.[42] Twenty-one BSL activists were found guilty of murder on 18 December 2013. Eight were sentenced to death and thirteen were sentenced to life in prison.[43] Only eight of the twenty-one defendants were in custody at the time of the sentence, with the remaining thirteen tried in absentia.[44][45]

2018 conflicts[edit]

In March 2018, a student of Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (SUST) suffered a bullet wound during a clash between two BSL factions.[46] Reportedly, two factions of the SUST unit of BSL, led by vice-presidents of the unit, had battled over establishing supremacy on the campus. A group of BSL men, led by Akando and colleagues, attacked another man in a restaurant near the university. The man responded with a gunshot which injured another student.[46]

In July 2018, protests and counter-violence erupted at various universities, particularly Rajshahi University, over the quota reform movement, which sought to change the quota system that allocated 56% of Bangladesh government jobs to specific classes. In a protest procession on 2 July 2018, quota-reform movement leader Toriqul Islam and 15 others were attacked with sticks, bamboo poles, a dagger and a hammer. Islam's leg was broken as a result of the attack. A correspondent from The Daily Star filmed the incident and the newspaper reported that it had identified eleven of the attackers, stating that ten were members of the BSL.[47][48] Video and photos of the attack circulated on social media, prompting criticism over police and university administration inaction.[47]

Dhaka road safety protest attacks[edit]

On 29 July 2018, two students were killed and a further twelve people were injured when a bus hit a bus stop in Dhaka. Protests began shortly afterward, demanding better road safety. During the protests, BSL members were alleged to have been involved in numerous attacks on protestors throughout Bangladesh.[49] On 5 August 2018, a number of photojournalists were attacked, allegedly by members of the BSL wearing helmets. Law enforcement officers were present but did not make any attempt to stop the attack.[50][51]

Attack on journalists[edit]

Reporters Without Borders in its 2020 country report mentioned that during the 2020 Dhaka City Corporation Election, Chhatra League goons attacked and beaten at least 10 journalists brutally as they tried to cover the massive rigging during the election.[52]

Attacks on Anti-Modi Protesters[edit]

Leader of Dhaka University's Chhatra League unit Sanjit Chandra Das declared to "peel off the skin" of the protesters if they protest against Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit in March 2021 to Bangladesh.[53] His supporters attacked progressive students, Muslims inside the national mosque compound in Dhaka,[54] and students inside a madrasa compound in Brahmanbaria to quell their protests against Modi triggering a violent anti-Modi protest across the country that claimed 10 lives as of 27 March.[55]

Communal Violence[edit]

Role in 2021 attack on Hindus[edit]

Leaders and activists of the Chhatra League were found involved in the coordinated attacks on the Hindu community of Bangladesh in at least two districts during the 2021 Bangladesh communal violence, Chandpur and Rangpur.

In Rangpur, Saikat Mandal, the vice-president of the philosophy department Chhatra League at Rangpur's Carmichael College, who had a personal conflict with a local Hindu youth Paritosh Sarkar, collaborated with the imam of a local mosque to instigate the local Muslim population to conduct the attack on Hindu villages of the area.[56]

In Chandpur, two Chhatra League activists initiated a protest on the alleged "demeaning of Quran" that lead to the attack on local temples and pandals.[57]

Structure[edit]

Principles: Education, Peace, Progress

Ideology: Bengali Nationalism

Number of units: 111

Main Unit: University of Dhaka Unit

Current Organizational Guardian: Sheikh Hasina[58]

Former presidents and general secretaries[edit]

Year Presidents Later role/Affiliation General secretaries Later role/Affiliation
1 1947-1947 Naimuddin Ahmed Unknown Adnan Ali Khadem Unknown
2 1947-1950 Dabirul Islam MLA, KSP Khaleque Nawaz Khan MLA, KSP
3 1950-52 Khaleque Nawaz Khan MLA, KSP Kamruzzaman Presidium Member, Awami League
4 1952-53 Kamruzzaman Presidium Member, Awami League MA Wadud Journalist, The Daily Ittefaq
5 1953-57 Abdul Momin Talukdar Deputy Minister, LGRD and Cooperative MA Awal Convenor, Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal
6 1957-60 Rafiq Ullah Choudhury Prime Minister's Secretary Shah Moazzem Hossain (In-charge, after Azhar Ali resigned) Vice President, BNP
7 1960-63 Shah Moazzem Hossain Vice President, BNP Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani Executive Committee member, BAKSAL
8 1963-65 KM Obaidur Rahman General Secretary, BNP Serajul Alam Khan Founder, Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal
9 1965-67 Syed Mazharul Haque Baki Unknown Abdur Razzaq Presidium member, Awami League
10 1967-68 Ferdous Ahmed Qureshi Joint Secretary, BNP & Founder PDP Abdur Razzaq Presidium member, Awami League
11 1968-69 Abdur Rauf Expelled, MP from Awami League Khaled Mohammad Ali Unknown
12 1969-70 Tofail Ahmed Minister, MP and Presidium Member from Awami League A. S. M. Abdur Rab President, Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal-JSD
13 1970-72 Nur-e-Alam Siddiqui Businessman Shajahan Siraj (Expelled in 1972) Minister & MP from BNP
14 1972-1972 Nur-e-Alam Siddiqui Businessman Ismat Kadir Gamma Unknown
15 1972-1973 Sheikh Shahidul Islam Secretary General, Jatiya Party (Manju) MA Radhid Unknown
16 1973-74 Monirul Haq Chowdhury Vice President, BNP Mostofa Jalal Mohiuddin MP from Awami League
17 1976-77 MA Awal (Convenor) Unknown N/A N/A
18 1977-81 Obaidul Quader, MP General Secretary, Awami League Bahalul Majnun Chunnu Unknown
19 1981-83 Mostofa Jalal Mohiuddin MP from Awami League AKM Jahangir Hossain MP from Awami League
20 1983-85 Abdul Mannan Organizing Secretary, Awami League Jahangir Kabir Nanak Presidium Member, Awami League
21 1986-88 Sultan Mohammad Mansur Ahmed, MP Parliament member from Gono Forum Md. Abdur Rahman, MP Joint Secretary, Awami League
22 1988-1990 Habibur Rahman Expelled, Advisor of BNP Ashim Kumar Ukil, MP Cultural Secretary, Awami League
23 1990-92 Shahe Alam MP from Awami League Ashim Kumar Ukil, MP Cultural Secretary, Awami League
24 1992-94 Mainuddin Hossain Chowdhury Inactive in politics Iqbalur Rahim MP from Awami League
25 1994-98 AKM Enamul Haque Shamim MP from Awami League Ishaq Ali Khan Panna Inactive in politics
26 1999-02 Bahadur Bepari Executive Committee member, Awami League Ajay Kar Khokon Inactive in politics
27 2002-06 Liaqat Shikder Sub-committee member Awami League Nazrul Islam Babu MP from Awami League
28 2006-11 Mahmud Hasan Ripon Active in Gaibandha Mahfuzul Haider Chowdhury Roton Inactive in politics
29 2011-15 HM Badiuzzaman Sohag Active in Bagerhat Awami League Siddiqui Nazmul Alam Resides in UK, inactive[59]
30 2015-2018 Saifur Rahman Sohag Active in Madaripur Awami League SM Zakir Hossain Active in Sylhet Awami League
31 2018-2019 Rezwanul Haque Chowdhury Shovon Inactive in politics Golam Rabbani Inactive in politics
32 2019-2022 Al-Nahean Khan Joy Unknown Lekhak Bhattacharjee Unknown

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ছাত্রলীগের সভাপতি সাদ্দাম হোসেন, সাধারণ সম্পাদক ওয়ালী আসিফ. Prothom Alo (in Bengali). Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  2. "Bangladesh students attacked during Dhaka protest". BBC News. 4 August 2022.
  3. Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Information on the Bangladesh Chhatra League". Refworld. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
  4. "Chhatra League's 74th founding anniversary today". New Age | The Most Popular Outspoken English Daily in Bangladesh. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
  5. Delhi, Redwan Ahmed Rebecca Ratcliffe in (10 October 2019). "Father demands justice after student beaten to death in Bangladesh". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  6. "Killing of Bangladesh student triggers protests". BBC News. 8 October 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  7. "Bangladesh Student Killing Sparks University Protests". Voice of America. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  8. 8.0 8.1 "Terror Rising". The Daily Star. 11 October 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
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  10. "Pirganj Communal Violence: BCL man sparked the blaze". The Daily Star. 23 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  11. "Women leaders seek probe into allegations". New Age (Bangladesh). 29 September 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  12. "Awami League / Bangladesh Chhatra League (BCL)". Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  13. "Bloody Sunday in Bangladesh". Democracy News. 5 August 2022.
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  15. "Student orgs for holding meeting at DU for peaceful atmosphere on campus". The Daily Star. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
  16. Ahmed, Taib; Islam, Khadimul (16 December 2014). "'Mujib Bahini didn't fight liberation war'". New Age. Retrieved 21 May 2022.
  17. "AK Khandker sued for 'Mujib Bahini's looting' claim". The Daily Star. 10 September 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2022.
  18. "Fear, a part of the curriculum". The Daily Star. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  19. "Rape, impunity and power—then and now". The Daily Star. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  20. "Rape, impunity and power—then and now". The Daily Star. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  21. "Boishakh celebration: Women harassed near TSC". Dhaka Tribune. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  22. "Outrage over sex assault". The Daily Star. 16 April 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  23. "4 years on, no progress in Pohela Boishakh sexual harassment trial". Dhaka Tribune. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  24. "Chhatra League reins in its women". Dhaka Tribune. 19 April 2015. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  25. "BCL reign over MC College: Crimes thrive on factional politics". The Daily Star. 28 September 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  26. "Husband held hostage, wife gang-raped before 'BCL men's room' in college hostel". Prothom Alo. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  27. "Gang rape at MC College hostel: Case filed against 6 BCL men, 3 others". Prothom Alo. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  28. "MC College rape: Court records victim's statement". The Daily Star. 27 September 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  29. "MC College Gang Rape: 3 more suspects on 5-day remand". Dhaka Tribune. 29 September 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  30. "Police arrest two suspects in Sylhet MC College rape". bdnews24.com. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  31. "DNA report confirms MC College gang rape". Dhaka Tribune. 30 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  32. "DNA report shows involvement of accused in MC College gang rape". The Financial Express. Dhaka. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  33. "Tourist raped in Cox's Bazar". The Daily Star. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  34. "CU sexual assault: Fingers pointed at BCL men". The Daily Star. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  35. "CU sexual assault: Arrestees are BCL activists, supporters, Rab says". The Daily Star. 23 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  36. "Two other students demand justice for previous incidents". Prothom Alo. 25 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  37. "A murder Most foul". The Daily Star. 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  38. "Buet student murdered after 'BCL men grilled' him". The Daily Star. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  39. "Four hours of torture led to Abrar's death". Dhaka Tribune. 9 October 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  40. "Abrar murder: 3 more Buet students arrested". The Daily Star. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  41. "21 BCL men indicted". The Daily Star. 3 June 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
  42. "Eight to die for Biswajit murder, 13 get life". bdnews24.com. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
  43. "Bangladesh sentences eight students to death for murder". LiveMint. Agence France-Presse. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
  44. "Bangladesh sentences eight students to death for murder". BBC News. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
  45. "8 Awami activists get death for murder of Hindu man". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
  46. 46.0 46.1 "Student shot during BCL infighting at SUST". The Independent. Dhaka. 21 March 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  47. 47.0 47.1 "Rajshahi police saw nothing!". The Daily Star. 9 July 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  48. "Injured quota protester Tariqul moved to Dhaka". Dhaka Tribune. 8 July 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  49. "Minute by the minute: Saturday's protest ends with violence in Jigatola". Dhaka Tribune. 4 August 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2018.
  50. "5 photojournalists hurt in 'BCL attack'". The Daily Star. 5 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
  51. "6 photojournalists injured in attacks by 'BCL'". The Independent. Bangladesh. 5 August 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
  52. "Tougher politics, more press freedom violations". Reporters Without Borders. 29 April 2020. Archived from the original on 29 April 2020. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  53. "DU BCL president threatens to 'peel off the skin' of anti-Modi protesters on campus". The Daily Star. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  54. "Clashes break out in Baitul Mukarram area". Prothom Alo. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  55. "5 shot dead during clashes in Brahmanbaria". The Daily Star. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
  56. "Pirganj Communal Violence: BCL man sparked the blaze". The Daily Star. 23 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  57. "Hajiganj mayhem began with Facebook post like previous incidents of communal violence". 20 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  58. Sarkar, Rasel. ৭৩ বছরে ছাত্রলীগ. bdnews24.com (in Bengali). Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  59. "Former BCL leader has four companies in London | banglatribune.com". Bangla Tribune. Retrieved 12 March 2022.

External links[edit]

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