Ayanamsa (ayanāṃśa: Template:Etymology), also ayanabhāga (Template:Etymology), is the Sanskrit term for many systems used in Hindu astrology to account for the precession of equinoxes.[1]Template:Verification needed There are also systems of ayanamsa used in Western sidereal astrology, such as the Fagan/Bradley Ayanamsa.[2]
Overview[edit | edit source]
There are various systems of Ayanamsa that are in use in Hindu astrology (also known as Vedic astrology) such as the Raman Ayanamsa[3] and the Krishnamurthy Ayanamsa,[1] but the Lahiri Ayanamsa, named after its inventor, astronomer Nirmal Chandra Lahiri (1906–1980), is by far the most prevalent system in India.[2][4] Critics of Lahiri Ayanamsa have proposed an ayanamsa called True Chitra Paksha Ayanamsa.[2][4] There are other existing ayanamsa such as Raman, Pushya Paksha, Rohini, Kërr A.I, Usha Shashi and Chandra Hari. However, the zero ayanamsa year of Dulakara ayanamsa is precise; the zero ayanamsa year according to it is 232 CE. Indrasena ayanamsa is a significant improvement of Dulakara ayanamsa by introducing a different precessional rate, which is 50.30274802049371" per year, to 232 CE zero ayanamsa year. [5]
The use of ayanamsa to account for the precession of equinoxes is believed to have been defined in Vedic texts[which?] at least 2,500 years before the Greek astronomer Hipparchus quantified the precession of equinoxes in 127 B.C.[citation needed] While critical scholars believe these "Vedic texts", at least those centering Spica Cittā (or 0° Libra, Tūla Rāśi), were composed in the common era, between 200 and 400 CE.
Lahiri falsely [unsubstantiated claim] intended that Spica be centred in Cittā (0° Tūla, tropical LIB) and exactly 180° from tropical ARI. Spica's ecliptic longitude was approximately 203.2° in the mid 1950s, 203.84° in 2000 and thus its presumed ayanamsa is 23.84° (J2000), 24.2° by 2026, and 25.0° by 2083.
The actual longitude of Spica is closer to 29° Virgo[6] than 0° Libra. Thus, the Lahiri ayanamsa is nearly one degree less than the true value of ayanamsa.
Centring Spica in Cittā, as Lahiri does, pushes Aldebaran and Regulus off-centre and pushes Antares west and outside its namesake nakshatra. Allowing Spica 45' to 1° east of Cittā's center better aligns Pleiades in Kattikā, centers Aldebaran in Rohini, Regulus in Maghā, and Antares to define the western boundary of Jyestha.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Barbara Pijan, https://barbarapijan.com/bpa/Amsha/Ayanamsha.htm
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Ayanamshas in Sidereal Astrology". www.astro.com. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ↑ "Saravali: Ayanamsa". www.saravali.de. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Mihira, Varaha (4 February 2016). "Which Ayanamsa did Sri Varahamihira use?". Medium. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ↑ https://www.scribd.com/document/907636582/Ayanamsa-decoded
- ↑ Astrological origins : Fagan, Cyril, 1895– : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive. (2022). Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/astrologicalorig0000faga
External links[edit | edit source]
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