| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| • Uttarakhand • Uttar Pradesh • Nepal | |
| Languages | |
| • Kumaoni • Garhwali • Hindi | |
| Religion | |
| Hinduism and Buddhism |
Shilpkar are an artisan community mainly associated with Intaglio techniques and painting. They are largest among Scheduled Caste communities of Uttarakhand.
History[edit | edit source]
Shilpkars are not a single caste but a collection of different castes who used to do artistic works from paper, ironsmith. They originated from Uttarakhand are considered as lower caste, as they used to make things from rope. In Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and South India, are not considered a lower caste , but have their category mention in OBC, depending upon the State list. In 1925, they were officially recognized as "Shilpkars" by the British government.[1]
They are mainly engaged as Intaglio on stone and gems, Painting, crafting, bronzesmiths, with others engaged in and cultivating, or working as, blacksmiths, weavers. Bhankora is a native musical instrument and is handmade from copper by them. They used to perform with it at folk festivals or marriages.[2]
In 1913, Shilpkar Sudharini Sabha, held a convention for the uplifting of Dalits and oppressed people of the area, known as the Shilpkar Mahasabha in Uttarakhand.[3]
Arya Samaj influenced a lot of them, especially in the Garhwal region, and many of them dropped their caste surnames and adopted 'Arya' as a last name. Jayananda Bharati and Baldev Singh Arya were those who promoted "Arya Samaj" in Dalits of Uttarakhand. They started 'Dola Palki Movement' and in 1928 he also organised "Garhwal Sarvadalit Parishad".[4]
He also stood with B. R. Ambedkar during the Round Table Conference in 1932.[5]
Distribution[edit | edit source]
They form 52% of the total population of the Scheduled caste population in Uttarakhand and are a beneficiary of the reservation policy.[6]
About 68.5 percent of Shilpkars are cultivators by profession.[7] They are mainly found in the hill region of Uttarakhand and Terai regions of Uttar Pradesh. They are also called Tamrakar in Nepal are one of the biggest communities of the country.[8]
Notable Shilpkars[edit | edit source]
- Yashpal Arya, former speaker of Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly.[9]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Joshi, Anil K. (2000). "Dalit Reform Movement in British Kumaon". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 61: 976–985. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44148173.
- ↑ Fiol, Stefan (11 September 2017). Recasting Folk in the Himalayas: Indian Music, Media, and Social Mobility. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09978-6.
- ↑ Sharma, Brij Kishore (2008). Social, Economic and Political Contribution of Caste Associations in Northern India: A Case Study of All India Jat Mahasabha. Har-Anand Publications. ISBN 978-81-241-1412-4.
- ↑ Kafaltia, Himanshu; Kafaltia, Gunjan Sharma (18 September 2019). A Comprehensive Study of Uttarakhand. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64650-605-7.
- ↑ Namishray, Mohandas. Dr. Ambedkar & Press. Neelkanth Prakashan.
- ↑ "SC_Uttarakhand" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2021.
- ↑ Sati, Vishwambhar Prasad (16 April 2019). Himalaya on the Threshold of Change. Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-14180-6.
- ↑ Muzzini, Elisa; Aparicio, Gabriela (2 April 2013). Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal: An Initial Assessment. World Bank Publications. ISBN 978-0-8213-9661-2.
- ↑ Chandra Donia, Mahesh (11 March 2012). "Would a Dalit make it to the high chair in Uttarakhand? | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 27 May 2020.