18th BRICS summit

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2026 BRICS Summit
18th BRICS Summit
← 17th 12–13 September 2026 19th →
Host country India
MottoBuilding for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability[1]
Venue(s)Bharat Mandapam
CitiesNew Delhi
Participants Brazil
 China
 Egypt
 Ethiopia
 India
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Russia
 South Africa
 United Arab Emirates
ChairNarendra Modi, Prime Minister of India
Websitebrics2026.gov.in
Key points
Adoption of the New Delhi Declaration; global-governance reform; Middle East de-escalation; trade, payments and development cooperation

The 18th BRICS Summit is being held at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi, India from 12–13 September 2026 under India's 2026 BRICS chairship.[2] It brings together delegations from the BRICS members, partner countries, invitees and several international organisations. The summit is chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and is organised under the theme Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability.[2]

The leaders' summit was preceded on 11 September by the BRICS Business Forum, also held at Bharat Mandapam, while the two-day leaders' programme comprises a closed meeting of BRICS members, an expanded open session with partner countries and outreach participants, a visit to the Bharat Innovates exposition, bilateral meetings and ceremonial events.[3] On 12 September, the BRICS members unanimously adopted the New Delhi Declaration, a 140-paragraph consensus document covering global-governance reform, international conflicts, trade and finance, energy and climate policy, technology, health, agriculture and people-to-people cooperation.[4][5]

Background[edit | edit source]

BRICS was formalised through meetings of Brazil, Russia, India and China in 2006 and held its first leaders' summit in 2009. South Africa joined in 2010 and first participated in a summit in 2011. The grouping expanded substantially in 2024 and 2025. By 2026, official BRICS and Indian government sources listed eleven members: Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa and the United Arab Emirates, as well as ten partner countries: Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Uganda, Uzbekistan and Vietnam.[2]

Indian presidency[edit | edit source]

India assumed the BRICS presidency on 1 January 2026, succeeding Brazil.[2] India framed its presidency around four priorities represented by the acronym of its summit theme: resilience, innovation, cooperation and sustainability. According to the Indian government, the presidency sought to strengthen institutional effectiveness, advance the interests of the Global South, and promote practical cooperation in development, technology, trade and sustainability.[2]

Logo and official website[edit | edit source]

The Government of India launched the official logo and website for the BRICS 2026 presidency, on 13 January 2026, marking the formal commencement of preparations for the summit.[6]

Venue[edit | edit source]

Bharat Mandapam at Pragati Maidan, venue of the summit

The summit is being held at Bharat Mandapam, the International Exhibition-cum-Convention Centre at Pragati Maidan in New Delhi.[7] The complex was inaugurated in July 2023 and was subsequently the venue of the 2023 G20 New Delhi summit.[8][9]

The convention centre can accommodate up to 7,000 delegates in a single configuration and contains plenary, multipurpose and meeting halls as well as dedicated VIP facilities.[7]

Participants[edit | edit source]

According to the Ministry of External Affairs, the leaders of the member countries, partner countries and outreach invitees listed below attended the summit.[10]

The following leaders attended the summit, according to the Ministry of External Affairs.

Country / Organisation Representative Status
India (host) Narendra Modi, Prime Minister Member
Russia Vladimir Putin, President Member
China Xi Jinping, President Member
Iran Masoud Pezeshkian, President Member
South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa, President Member
Egypt Abdel Fattah El-Sisi, President Member
Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed Ali, Prime Minister Member
Indonesia Prabowo Subianto, President Member
United Arab Emirates Sheikh Khaled bin Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi Member
Brazil Mauro Vieira, Foreign Minister (President Lula da Silva did not attend) Member
Saudi Arabia Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud, Foreign Minister Member
Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, President Partner country
Malaysia Anwar Ibrahim, Prime Minister Partner country
Vietnam Le Minh Hung, Prime Minister Partner country
Uganda Jessica Alupo, Vice President Partner country
Nigeria Kashim Shettima, Vice President Partner country
Cuba Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla, Foreign Minister Partner country
Belarus Maxim Ryzhenkov, Foreign Minister Partner country
Thailand Anutin Charnvirakul, Prime Minister Partner country
United Nations António Guterres, Secretary-General Invitee
New Development Bank Dilma Rousseff, President Invitee
World Health Organisation Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General Invitee
World Trade Organisation Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Director-General Invitee
Others Leaders and ministers from outreach countries, including the Philippines, Burundi, Bahrain and Uruguay Invitee

Programme[edit | edit source]

BRICS Business Forum[edit | edit source]

The BRICS Business Forum was held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi on 11 September, on the eve of the leaders' summit. It brought together representatives of governments, businesses, financial institutions, startups, the BRICS Business Council and the BRICS Women's Business Alliance from member and partner countries.[11][12]

The forum's programme consisted of five sectoral panels followed by a leaders' session.[11]

At the leaders' session, Indian PM Modi called for the BRICS business community to identify major barriers to intra-BRICS trade, support the international expansion of startups and create additional cross-border business partnerships. He also highlighted initiatives developed under India's chairship, including a BRICS Incubator Network, a BRICS MSME Portal and a BRICS Startup Innovation Fund, and stressed the importance of secure sea lanes and supply routes for global trade.[13]

Bharat Innovates exposition[edit | edit source]

The BRICS Bharat Innovates Exposition is being held on 11–12 September alongside the Business Forum and the leaders' summit. Organised by India's Ministry of Education in coordination with the Ministry of External Affairs, it showcases 37 Indian deep-technology startups and ventures and is intended to connect startups, research institutions and laboratories with investors, corporations and other international partners.[14]

The exposition forms part of India's education-track priority on research, innovation and startup ecosystems. BRICS leaders visited the exhibition during the first day of the summit.[3]

Leaders' programme[edit | edit source]

The formal leaders' programme takes place over 12 and 13 September. The first day is centred on a closed plenary restricted to BRICS members, while the second-day open plenary expands participation to partner countries, invitees and representatives of international organisations.[15]

Date Event Participants
12 September Arrival and official welcome of BRICS leaders BRICS members
Closed plenary: Inclusive Global Governance and Strengthening Multilateralism BRICS members
Visit to the Bharat Innovates exposition Leaders of BRICS member countries
Family photograph and joint tree-planting ceremony Leaders of BRICS member countries
Gala dinner hosted by Prime Minister Narendra Modi Summit participants
13 September Arrival and official welcome of partner countries and outreach delegations BRICS partner countries and invitees
Family photograph and Open plenary: Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability: Shaping the Future for Inclusive Global Growth BRICS members, partner countries, invitees and representatives of international organisations

During the closed plenary on 12 September, the leaders discussed reform of global governance and multilateral institutions, economic cooperation and major international and regional developments. The session culminated in the adoption by consensus of the New Delhi Declaration.[16]

Following the plenary, the leaders visited the Bharat Innovates exposition and participated in the official family photograph and joint tree-planting ceremony before attending a gala dinner hosted by Modi.[15]

The open plenary on 13 September brings together BRICS members with partner countries, invitees and international organisations. Its theme, Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability: Shaping the Future for Inclusive Global Growth, reflects the four priorities of India's 2026 BRICS presidency.[15]

Agenda[edit | edit source]

The summit agenda includes reform of global governance and multilateral institutions, trade and investment, food and energy security, public health, disaster resilience and the resilience of critical supply chains.[17] Leaders also discussed geopolitical conflicts, disruptions to maritime commerce and energy routes, and measures to expand economic cooperation among BRICS states.[18]

Economic discussions included improving interoperability between payment systems, expanding the use of national and central-bank digital currencies in cross-border payments, and developing new cooperation frameworks for startups and logistics.[19] Initiatives considered by leaders included a BRICS Incubator Network, a Startup Innovation Fund and a Logistics Supply-Chain Cooperation Framework.[20]

The summit takes place amid the continuing war involving Iran, Israel and the United States, the war in Ukraine, high energy prices and trade tensions. Differences among some BRICS members, particularly Iran and the United Arab Emirates, had been identified before the summit as a challenge to achieving consensus on geopolitical language; the members nevertheless unanimously adopted the New Delhi Declaration on 12 September.[18]

Key speeches[edit | edit source]

At the opening session, Prime Minister Modi said BRICS had "come of age" and presented a ten-point proposal for a BRICS Reform Roadmap on global governance, to be finalised by the next summit, focusing on representation, responsiveness and rule-making. He repeated India's demand that reform of the UN Security Council "cannot be postponed any longer" and asked for negotiations with a definite time frame. He also proposed a BRICS continuity and implementation mechanism under the Troika arrangement, a secure digital repository to track every decision, and a Seafarers' Emergency Support Network for mariners facing risks from regional conflicts. Clarifying the grouping's character, Modi said, “We are not against anyone; rather, we strive to move forward with the approach of taking everyone along.”

Today, the Global South stands in the front row of global crises but in the back row of decision-making. We must transform this pyramid of privilege into a platform of partnership — one where every nation has a voice, every member has a stake, and the development of humanity lies at the heart of every effort.

— Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India, at the opening session, 12 September 2026[21]

President Xi Jinping said BRICS countries should "firmly stand on the right side of history" by steering the international order towards greater fairness, and announced that China would take the BRICS chairship in 2027 and host the 19th summit. At the second session on 13 September, Xi put forward five initiatives for cooperation — on artificial intelligence (including an open-source and inclusive AI effort), trade and investment facilitation with a BRICS special economic zone partnership, a BRICS digital ecosystem cloud platform, intelligent manufacturing, and science and technology talent development, including a BRICS engineer cultivation alliance and a youth exchange programme. He also called for the full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change.[22]

President Putin argued for greater representation of Asia, Africa and Latin America on the UN Security Council and accused some countries, in his words, of using tariffs, sanctions and "brute force" against emerging competitors.[23] President Pezeshkian of Iran said shortly before the summit that the Middle East did not need the United States as a "regional policeman".[24] President Ramaphosa of South Africa, briefing the media at the conclusion, said the grouping stood for a multilateral system "where there is no dominance of one player or country over others".[25]

New Delhi Declaration[edit | edit source]

On 12 September, the BRICS members unanimously adopted the New Delhi Declaration: Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability.[4][5] The declaration contains 140 numbered paragraphs and reaffirms the grouping's three broad pillars of political and security cooperation, economic and financial cooperation, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges. It also records more than 400 meetings and engagements held in 30 Indian cities during India's 2026 chairship.[4]

Global governance and international conflicts[edit | edit source]

The declaration called for a more representative multilateral system and greater participation by emerging and developing countries in international institutions. It reiterated support for reform of the United Nations and other global bodies and argued that the international system should better reflect contemporary economic and political realities.[4]

On the conflict in the Middle East, the members expressed "deep concern" over the escalation of tensions and called for "maximum restraint", protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure, respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, and a long-term settlement through dialogue and diplomacy.[4][5] The document reiterated support for humanitarian access in Gaza and for UNRWA.[4] On the war in and around Ukraine, the declaration recalled the members' differing national positions and welcomed mediation and good-offices proposals aimed at a peaceful resolution through dialogue and diplomacy.[26]

The declaration specifically condemned the 2025 Pahalgam attack and reiterated "zero tolerance" for terrorism, including terrorist financing, safe havens and cross-border movement of terrorists.[27]

Trade, finance and development[edit | edit source]

The members criticised the increasing use of unilateral tariff and non-tariff measures and reaffirmed support for a rules-based multilateral trading system centred on the World Trade Organization, while calling for reforms that give developing economies greater influence.[28] The declaration also opposed unilateral coercive measures not authorised by the United Nations Security Council.[29]

On financial cooperation, the declaration backed continued work by the BRICS Payment Task Force on interoperability between national payment and financial-messaging systems and on settlement and investment in local currencies. It did not establish a common BRICS currency.[4][30] The members encouraged the New Development Bank to expand local-currency financing and continued discussion of a proposed New Investment Platform and other mechanisms for development finance.[30]

Energy, climate, technology and social cooperation[edit | edit source]

The declaration described energy security as a foundation of development, called for stable energy markets and resilient infrastructure, and stated that fossil fuels would continue to play an important role in the energy mix of emerging and developing economies. At the same time, it reaffirmed support for a "just, orderly, equitable and inclusive" energy transition and for implementation of the Paris Agreement.[31]

In technology policy, the members endorsed continued cooperation on artificial intelligence, digital public infrastructure, quantum technologies, research networks and start-up ecosystems. The declaration welcomed a BRICS Incubator Network and further consideration of a BRICS Startup Innovation Fund, as well as a proposed repository for digital public-infrastructure solutions.[4] In health, it endorsed a BRICS Mission for Healthy Lifestyle and a 2026–2029 roadmap on healthy-lifestyle promotion, and supported a network of centres of excellence on mental health coordinated by India's National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences.[4]

In agriculture, the declaration supported further work on the proposed BRICS Grain Exchange and cooperation on food security, agricultural inputs and climate-resilient farming.[4]

The declaration expressed support for China's BRICS chairship in 2027 and the holding of the 19th BRICS summit in China.[4]

Bilateral diplomacy[edit | edit source]

A number of bilateral meetings took place before and during the summit. Indian PM Narendra Modi met Russian president Vladimir Putin on 11 September, with discussions covering trade, energy, defence and the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East; the two sides reiterated a goal of increasing bilateral trade to US$100 billion by 2030.[32]

On 12 September, Indian PM Narendra Modi and Chinese president Xi Jinping met on the summit sidelines during Xi's first visit to India in seven years. The two leaders discussed border stability, trade imbalances, market access, transport links and broader economic ties, in what was widely interpreted as a cautious attempt to stabilise China–India relations.[33]

Iranian president Masoud Pezeshkian and UAE representative Khaled bin Mohamed Al Nahyan also held talks on 12 September, described by Reuters as the highest-level Iran–UAE meeting since the outbreak of the 2026 war. The meeting focused on regional stability and peace efforts and took place as negotiators sought consensus on the declaration's Middle East language.[34]

Participating delegations[edit | edit source]

BRICS members[edit | edit source]

See also: Member states of BRICS

Saudi Arabia is listed as a BRICS member by official BRICS and Indian government sources, although Riyadh has not publicly confirmed formal accession and its status has continued to be described as ambiguous in independent reporting. In the New Delhi Summit, while the Saudi delegation was represented, Saudi Arabia didn't participate as a full member.[2][35]

BRICS partner countries[edit | edit source]

Invitees[edit | edit source]

India invited the chairs of several regional organisations to the summit's outreach session. Kazakhstan's President Tokayev participates both as the leader of a BRICS partner country and as a representative of the Eurasian Economic Union.[36] Bangladesh's Prime Minister Tarique Rahman had been invited in his capacity as chair of BIMSTEC, but Bangladesh announced on 10 September that it would not send a government representative to the summit.[37]

International organisations[edit | edit source]

Several international organisations are represented at the summit.[36][38]

The International Solar Alliance is represented by its Director-General, Ashish Khanna, while the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure is represented by its Director-General, Amit Prothi.[36]


Reception and analysis[edit | edit source]

International coverage focused on the significance of reaching a consensus declaration despite divisions within the expanded grouping. Reuters noted that agreement had been expected to be a "particularly challenging task for host New Delhi", because BRICS includes both Iran and the United Arab Emirates, whose positions had sharply diverged during the 2026 Middle East conflict.[5] The agreement contrasted with the BRICS foreign ministers' meeting in New Delhi in May, which ended without a joint communiqué because of differences over the war, leaving India to issue a chair's statement instead.[39]

Associated Press interpreted the summit as demonstrating both BRICS' continuing opposition to what many members regard as Western dominance of international institutions and India's effort to balance that agenda with its relations with Western countries, Russia, Iran and the Gulf states.[40] The Financial Times highlighted a "push for Gulf peace" but noted that India–China strategic competition continued to limit cohesion and that proposals for a sharper move away from the US dollar were avoided.[41]

In an analysis for The Indian Express, C. Raja Mohan characterised India's approach under the headline "No fire & brimstone", arguing that New Delhi had resisted attempts to turn BRICS into a confrontational geopolitical bloc and instead emphasised practical cooperation on supply chains, health, digital infrastructure, development finance and other areas.[42] The Guardian similarly contrasted Beijing's view of BRICS as a counterweight to the United States with India's preference for a bridging role between the West and developing countries, while highlighting Xi's visit as part of a tentative thaw in India–China relations.[43]

Bloomberg News described the summit as one in which several governments at odds with the United States "found common ground", noting that the declaration criticised unilateral war, tariffs and sanctions without naming the United States directly.[44]

Security and logistics[edit | edit source]

Indian authorities mounted a large security operation across New Delhi for the summit, with approximately 30,000 personnel from the Delhi Police and other agencies deployed around the venue, airports, delegation hotels and major routes. Security arrangements included layered cordons, anti-drone systems, surveillance cameras and traffic restrictions around central Delhi.[45][46]

Delegations were accommodated across multiple hotels in New Delhi. Road diversions and temporary restrictions were introduced around Bharat Mandapam, diplomatic areas, airports and hotels during high-level movements, while authorities encouraged residents to use the Delhi Metro where possible.[47]

Controversies[edit | edit source]

Schools across Delhi were closed on 11 September to pave the way for the foreign officials.[48] Offices and the Supreme Court were also ordered to remain closed for the day. A former Indian intelligence official noted that the shut down was, "causing great discomfort to the common people".[49]

Ahead of the summit, the opposition Aam Aadmi Party criticised the central government after curtains and screens were placed along routes near some low-income settlements in Delhi, accusing authorities of attempting to conceal poverty rather than address it.[50] Residents of the Coolie Camp settlement in Vasant Vihar, where screening had also been used during the 2023 G20 summit, told Brut that they felt they were being hidden from visiting delegations.[51]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Xi is also general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and chairman of the Central Military Commission.
  2. ↑ Khaled is also Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and chairman of the Abu Dhabi Executive Council.
  3. ↑ Saudi Arabia's status within BRICS remains ambiguous. The Government of India and official BRICS-related material issued during India's 2026 chairship list Saudi Arabia among the grouping's eleven members. However, Saudi Arabia has not consistently or publicly confirmed that it completed formal accession after receiving an invitation to join BRICS in 2023, and independent reporting, including Reuters, has continued to describe the kingdom as having not formally joined. At the 2026 New Delhi summit, Saudi Arabia was represented by Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud, but he participated in the summit with the status of invitee.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "BRICS India 2026". BRICS India 2026. Government of India. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "BRICS: Evolution, Cooperation and India's Leadership". Press Information Bureau. Government of India. 10 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "18th BRICS Summit 2026: Check full schedule of leaders' meetings, key sessions at Bharat Mandapam". Business Today. 9 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 "BRICS New Delhi Declaration: Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability". Prime Minister's Office, Government of India. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026 – via Public Technologies.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "BRICS adopts joint declaration, urges 'maximum restraint' in Mideast". Reuters. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  6. ↑ "'Weathering global shocks': Jaishankar lays out India's BRICS strategy amid dual-tariff pressure from US". The Indian Express. 13 January 2026. Retrieved 13 January 2026.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Convention Centre - BMCC". India Trade Promotion Organisation. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  8. ↑ "PM inaugurates International Exhibition-cum-Convention Centre - 'Bharat Mandapam'". Press Information Bureau. Government of India. 26 July 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  9. ↑ "G20 Summit, New Delhi". G20 India. Government of India. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  10. ↑ "BRICS Summit 2026 September 13 highlights: Modi's bilateral meetings on BRICS sidelines put defence, security cooperation in focus". 13 September 2026.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "BRICS Business Forum". BRICS Business Council. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  12. ↑ "President Ramaphosa arrives in India for the 18th BRICS Summit". Department of International Relations and Cooperation, South Africa. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  13. ↑ "PM's address at the BRICS Business Forum 2026". Prime Minister of India. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  14. ↑ "BRICS 2026: 37 Indian deep-tech innovators showcase technologies at Bharat Mandapam". DD India. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "BRICS Summit 2026: Dates, venue, timings and complete itinerary". Mint. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  16. ↑
  17. ↑ "Brics summit in Delhi on September 12-13: Agenda, schedule and other details". The Times of India. 9 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "India hosts BRICS summit as Iran war tests bloc unity". Reuters. 10 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  19. ↑ "India to push BRICS digital currency link despite hurdles, sources say". Reuters. 10 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  20. ↑ "Leaders set to fine-tune incubator network, startup fund, supply chain cooperation framework". The Indian Express. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  21. ↑ H. Laskar, Rezaul (13 September 2026). "'Transform into rule-shapers': At BRICS 2026, PM Modi pushes for Global South as decision makers". Hindustantimes.com. Hindustan Times. Retrieved 14 September 2026.
  22. ↑ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/world-expects-concrete-results-pm-modi-extends-best-wishes-as-brics-chairship-passes-to-china/articleshow/134194292.cms
  23. ↑ https://new.intellinews.com/articles/brics-gets-its-declaration-and-putin-gets-the-summit-he-wanted-467443
  24. ↑ https://www.afp.com/en/china-russia-iran-leaders-gather-india-brics-nations-seek-common-ground
  25. ↑ https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/brics-summit-concludes-adoption-new-delhi-declaration-0
  26. ↑ "Summit Resolutions". BRICS Research Institute. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  27. ↑ "BRICS declaration condemns Pahalgam terror attack, calls for zero tolerance for terrorism, action against safe havens". The Indian Express. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  28. ↑ "BRICS unanimously condemns unilateral tariffs, pushes for WTO reform". The Indian Express. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  29. ↑ "BRICS leaders voice concern over Middle East, condemn unilateral sanctions at India summit". Associated Press. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Main takeaways from the BRICS declaration: Tariffs, terrorism, West Asia war, and more". The Indian Express. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  31. ↑ "Need 'orderly & inclusive' energy transition, fossil fuels will continue playing key role: BRICS declaration". The Indian Express. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  32. ↑ "Modi, Putin seek stronger ties as Russia calls for BRICS to counter West". Reuters. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  33. ↑ "India's Modi and China's Xi push business links, border peace as ties revive". Reuters. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  34. ↑ "Iran and UAE back joint BRICS statement urging restraint in war". Reuters. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  35. ↑ "Saudi Arabia sits on fence over BRICS with eye on vital ties with US". Reuters. 8 May 2025. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 "Xi, Putin, UN chief Guterres among global heavyweights in Delhi for 18th BRICS Summit". Moneycontrol. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  37. ↑ "No scope for Bangladesh to join BRICS Summit, PM wasn't invited: Humaiun Kobir". The Daily Star. 10 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  38. ↑ "Xi, Putin, UN chief Guterres among global heavyweights in Delhi for 18th BRICS Summit". Moneycontrol. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  39. ↑ "BRICS talks end without joint statement, exposing divisions over war in Iran". Reuters. 15 May 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  40. ↑ "BRICS leaders voice concern over Middle East, condemn unilateral sanctions at India summit". Associated Press. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  41. ↑ "Brics push for Gulf peace as war worries mount". Financial Times. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  42. ↑ "No fire & brimstone: Delhi pushes back against making BRICS a geopolitical bloc". The Indian Express. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  43. ↑ "Xi Jinping gets red carpet at Brics summit amid thaw in India-China relations". The Guardian. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  44. ↑ "Trump's Foes Find Common Ground at Modi's New Delhi Summit". Bloomberg News. 12 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  45. ↑ "China, Russia presidents arrive for BRICS summit; Delhi Police deploys personnel". The Indian Express. 10 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  46. ↑ "BRICS summit: traffic routes, hotels and police arrangements in Delhi". The Indian Express. 10 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  47. ↑ "BRICS Summit 2026: Delhi security, four-layer cordon for Putin, heightened cover for Xi". India Today. 10 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  48. ↑ Thakur, Anjali (11 September 2026). "Delhi school holiday today: Schools shut on September 11 ahead of BRICS Summit". mint. Retrieved 13 September 2026.
  49. ↑ The Wire Analysis (11 September 2026). "Shutdown Capital for Road Traffic, Offices and Schools, is Fear of 'Flash Mob' Protests Driving Paranoia Over BRICS Arrangements?". The Wire. Retrieved 13 September 2026.
  50. ↑ "'Like calling 2.6% GDP growth 7.8%': AAP targets Centre over 'hiding' Delhi slums ahead of Brics". The Times of India. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
  51. ↑ "What are curtains hiding from the BRICS leaders and why?". Brut. 11 September 2026. Retrieved 12 September 2026.
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