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Oxygen, 8O
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Oxygen
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation
AllotropesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-allotropes
Appearancegas: colorless
liquid and solid: pale blue
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope
Oxygen in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)8
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-group
PeriodTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-period
BlockTemplate:Infobox element/block format
Electron configurationTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-electron-configuration
Electrons per shell2, 6
Physical properties
Phase at STPTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-phase
Melting point(O2) 54.36 K ​(−218.79 °C, ​−361.82 °F)
Boiling point(O2) 90.188 K ​(−182.962 °C, ​−297.332 °F)
Density (at STP)1.429 g/L
when liquid (at b.p.)1.141 g/cm3
Triple point54.361 K, ​0.1463 kPa
Critical point154.581 K, 5.043 MPa
Heat of fusion(O2) 0.444 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization(O2) 6.82 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity14.689 J/(mol·K) (O)
29.378 J/(mol·K) (O2)
Vapor pressureTemplate:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Element-symbol-to-oxidation-state-data
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 3.44
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1313.9 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 3388.3 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 5300.5 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Covalent radius66±2 pm
Van der Waals radius152 pm
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Other properties
Natural occurrenceTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-occurrence
Crystal structureTemplate:Infobox element/crystal structure (cP16)
Lattice constanta = 678.28 pm (at t.p.)[1]
Thermal conductivity26.58×10−3  W/(m⋅K)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility+3449.0×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[2]
Speed of sound330 m/s (gas, at 27 °C)
CAS Number7782-44-7
History
Namingfrom the Greek ὀξύς (acid, literally 'sharp', from the taste of acids) and -γενής (producer)
DiscoveryMichael Sendivogius
Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1604, 1771)
Named byAntoine Lavoisier (1777)
SymbolTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-symbol-etymology
Isotopes of oxygen
Template:infobox oxygen isotopes does not exist
Category Category: Oxygen
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child table, as reused in {IB-O} Template:V
Main isotopes of Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-name
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References

  1. Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  2. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
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