Iqbal Khan (general)

For other people with the same name, see Iqbal Khan.

General Muhammad Iqbal Khan NI(M) HI(M) SI(M) SBt
Khan (right) c. 1980
3rd Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee
In office 13 April 1980 – 22 March 1984
Preceded by	Admiral Mohammad Shariff
Succeeded by	General Rahimuddin Khan
Personal details
Born	Mohammad Iqbal Khan <!-- (YYYY--DD), --> Pindi Gheb, Punjab, British India
Died	<!-- --> Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
Awards	<i> Nishan-e-Imtiaz (Military)<br> Hilal-e-Imtiaz (Military)<br> Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Military)<br> Sitara-e-Basalat</i>
Nickname(s)	M.I. Khan
Military service
Allegiance	British Raj (1944–1947)<br>Pakistan (1947–1984)
Branch/service	British Indian Army<br/> Pakistan Army
Years of service	1944–1984
Rank	General
Unit	Guides Infantry, Frontier Force
Commands	Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff<br />Deputy Chief of Army Staff<br />V Corps in Karachi<br />IV Corps in Lahore<br />Chief of General Staff, Army GHQ<br />33rd Infantry Division, Quetta<br />DG Military Intelligence (DG MI)
Battles/wars	Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War Operation Searchlight Fourth Balochistan Conflict Soviet–Afghan War

Mohammad Iqbal Khan NI(M) HI(M) SI(M) SBt (; 1924–2000) was a four-star general in the Pakistan Army who served as the third Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee from 1980 to 1984.<ref name="The News International, 2013">"CJCSC office in Pakistan and the world over". The News International. Islamabad. 8 October 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref><ref name="Military College Jhelum" />

Biography

Mohammad Iqbal Khan was educated and graduated from the Military College in Jhelum and was commissioned in the British Indian Army in 1944.<ref name="Military College Jhelum">"Honours of MCJ". Military College Jhelum. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> He joined the Guides Infantry in the 2nd Frontier Force Regiment as 2nd-Lt. and later serving in the first war with India on Kashmir front in 1947.<ref name="Military College Jhelum"/><ref name="Manto">A.H. Amin. "Interview with Brig (retd) Shamim Yasin Manto" Archived 2013-05-03 at the Wayback Machine Defence Journal, February 2002</ref>

After participating in Second war with India in 1965, Brigadier Iqbal was appointed as the Director-General of the Military Intelligence in 1969, and was politically involved in supporting the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) against the Awami League.<ref name="Oxford university press, Siddiqi 2004">Siddiqi, brigadier Abdul Rahman (2004). East Pakistan, the endgame : an onlooker's journal, 1969-1971. Karachi: Oxford University Press. p. 260. ISBN 9780195799934.</ref> Eventually, Brig. Iqbal held the responsibility of Military Intelligence in 1971.<ref>Hamid Hussain. "Demons of December" Archived 2011-06-09 at the Wayback Machine Defence Journal, 2002 December</ref>

In 1971–73, Major-General Iqbal held the command of the 33rd Infantry Division in Quetta as its GOC, and oversaw the military operations against the armed insurgency groups in Balochistan in Pakistan.<ref name="The Daily Star, Maj. Sehgal, 2007">Sehgal, Maj. Ikram (23 August 2007). "Learning from experience". The Daily Star. Islamabad. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref>

In 1974, Major General Iqbal was posted as Chief of General Staff (CGS) under Chief of Army Staff General Tikka Khan at the Army GHQ in Rawalpindi which he served until 1976.<ref>A.H. Amin "Remembering Our Warriors: Maj Gen (Retd) Tajammal Hussain Malik" Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Defence Journal, September 2001</ref> In 1976, Maj-Gen. Iqbal was promoted to the three-star rank army general and was posted as field commander of the IV Corps based in Lahore.<ref>"Remembering Our Warriors". www.researchgate.net. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref>

In 1977, Lieutenant-General Iqbal took over the control of the Punjab in Pakistan as its martial law administrator when Chief of Army Staff Gen. Zia-ul-Haq imposed the martial law against the civilian government on 5 July 1977.<ref name="Routledge, Norman, 2013">Norman, Omar (2013). "(§Ethnic Conflict)". Pakistan:Political and Economics History since 1947 (google books). New York [u.s.]: Routledge. p. 225. ISBN 9781136143946. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> Lt-Gen. Iqbal was later rotated when Lt-Gen. Sawar Khan took command of the IV Corps, and appointed as the field commander of the V Corps and served as the martial law administrator of Sindh in Pakistan.<ref>Rizwan Hussain. Pakistan and the Emergence of Islamic Militancy in Afghanistan Ashgate Publishing, 2005, ISBN 0-7546-4434-0</ref>

In 1978, Lt-Gen. Iqbal was again posted at the Army GHQ in Rawalpindi when he was appointed as the Deputy Chief of Army Staff (DCOAS) under President Zia-ul-Haq.<ref name="Zia 1988">"Pakistan under Zia, 1977–1988" by Shahid Javed Burki Asian Survey, Vol. 28, No. 10 (October, 1988), pp. 1082–1100</ref> During this time, he was appointed as the Colonel Commandant of the Frontier Force Regiment, which he served until his retirement in 1984.<ref name="The Gazette of Pakistan, 1978">Pakistan (1978). The Gazette of Pakistan. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref>

Chairman Joint chiefs (1980–1984)

In 1980, Lt-Gen. Iqbal, who at that time was the senior military officer in the military, was promoted to the four-star rank and appointed as the Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee.<ref name="Zia 1988" />

In 1980, Gen. Iqbal played a crucial role in maintaining of the Afghan Arabs in the country and supported the anti-Russian agitation when Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan.<ref name="Routledge, Hilali, 2017">Hilali, A. Z. (2017). US-Pakistan Relationship: Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan. Routledge. ISBN 9781351876223. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> Gen. iqbal eventually and coordinated the national security meetings concerning the covert efforts in Afghanistan.<ref name="Routledge, Hilali, 2017"/><ref>Matinuddin, Kamal (1991). Power struggle in the Hindu Kush: Afghanistan, 1978-1991. Wajidalis. Retrieved 6 April 2018.</ref> In 1984, Gen. Iqbal completed his four-year term and eventually retired from the military.<ref name="The News International, 2013" />

Awards and decorations

			Template:Ribbon devices/alt

Nishan-e-Imtiaz (Military) (Order of Excellence)		Hilal-e-Imtiaz (Military) (Crescent of Excellence)
Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Military) (Star of Excellence)	Sitara-e-Basalat (Star of Good Conduct)	Tamgha-e-Diffa (General Service Medal)	Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War (War Medal 1965)
Tamgha-e-Jang 1971 War (War Medal 1971)	Pakistan Tamgha (Pakistan Independence Medal) 1947	Tamgha-e-Sad Saala Jashan-e- Wiladat-e-Quaid-e-Azam (100th Birth Anniversary of Muhammad Ali Jinnah) 1976	Tamgha-e-Jamhuria (Republic Commemoration Medal) 1956
Hijri Tamgha (Hijri Medal) 1979	Order of Military Merit (Jordan)	War Medal 1939-1945	United Nations UN UNOC 1 Medal (Congo Clasp)

Foreign Decorations

Foreign Awards
Jordan	The Order of Military Merit
UK	War Medal 1939-1945
Template:Country data UN	UN UNOC 1 Medal

References

Military offices
Preceded by M. Rahim Khan	Chief of General Staff 1974–1976	Succeeded by Abdullah Malik
Preceded by Mohammad Shariff	Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee 1980–1984	Succeeded by Rahimuddin Khan