Dhaka

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This article is about the capital city. For the division, see Dhaka division. For the district, see Dhaka district. For other uses, see Dhaka (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Senegal’s capital city Dakar.
Dhaka
ঢাকা
Dacca
Capital city
Dhaka 14th March (32624769393).jpg
National Assembly of Bangladesh (06).jpg
DG 91 - 09 AHSAN MANJIL 18 CENTURY DHAKA IMG 3022.jpg
Lalbagh fort.jpg
Curzon Hall - Northern Facade - University of Dhaka - Dhaka 2015-05-31 1992.JPG
Dhaka 21st March (25870222381).jpg
Nickname: 
City of magic[1][2] City of Mosques
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Coordinates: 23°45′50″N 90°23′20″E / 23.76389°N 90.38889°E / 23.76389; 90.38889Coordinates: 23°45′50″N 90°23′20″E / 23.76389°N 90.38889°E / 23.76389; 90.38889
CountryBangladesh
DivisionDhaka Division
DistrictDhaka District
Establishment1608 CE
Granted city status1947
Government
 • TypeMayor - Council
 • BodyDNCC and DSCC
 • North City MayorAtiqul Islam[3]
 • South City MayorSheikh Fazle Noor Taposh[3]
 • Police CommissionerShafiqul Islam BPM
Area
[5][6]
 • Urban
306 km2 (118 sq mi)
 • Metro
2,161.17[4] km2 (834.432[4] sq mi)
Elevation
[7]
4 m (13.12 ft)
Population
 (2011 census / 2021 estimate)[8][9]
 • Rank1st
 • Density29,105/km2 (75,380/sq mi)
 • Urban
8,906,039
 • Metro
21,741,090
DemonymDhakaiya
Time zoneUTC+6 (BST)
Postal code
1000, 1100, 12xx, 13xx
HDI (2019)0.711[10]
high
Calling code02 [For Dhaka city only]
PoliceDhaka Metropolitan Police
International airportHazrat Shahjalal International Airport
ISO 3166-2BD-13
WebsiteDhaka North City Corporation
Dhaka South City Corporation

Dhaka (/ˈdhɑːkə/ DHA-kə or /ˈdhækə/ DHAK-ə; Bengali: ঢাকা, romanized: Ḍhākā, Bengali pronunciation: [ˈɖʱaka]), formerly known as Dacca,[13] is the capital and the largest city of Bangladesh, as well as the largest city in the Bengal region. It is the eighth-largest and the fourth-most densely populous city in the world with, as of 2011, a population of 8.9 million residents[14] within the city limits, and a population of over 21.7 million residents in the Greater Dhaka Area. Dhaka is the economic, political, and cultural center of Bangladesh, and is one of the major cities in South Asia, the largest city in Eastern South Asia and among the Bay of Bengal countries; and one of the largest cities among OIC countries. As part of the Bengal plain, the city is bounded by the Buriganga River, Turag River, Dhaleshwari River and Shitalakshya River.

The area of Dhaka has been inhabited since the first millennium. The city rose to prominence in the 17th century as a provincial capital and commercial centre of the Mughal Empire. Dhaka was the capital of the proto-industrialised Mughal Bengal for 75 years (1608–39 and 1660–1704). As the centre of the muslin trade in Bengal, it was one of the most prosperous cities in the world. The medieval city was named Jahangirabad in honour of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. It hosted the seat of the Mughal Subahdar, Naib Nazims, Dhaka Nawabs, and Dewans. Medieval Dhaka's glory peaked in the 17th and 18th centuries when it was home to merchants from across Eurasia. It was the centre of a flourishing sea trade attracting European traders. The Mughals decorated the city with well-laid gardens, tombs, mosques, palaces and forts. The city was once called the Venice of the East.[15] Under British rule, the city saw the introduction of electricity, railways, cinemas, Western-style universities and colleges and a modern water supply. It became an important administrative and educational centre in British Raj, as the capital of Eastern Bengal and Assam province after 1905.[16] In 1947, after the end of British rule, the city became the administrative capital of East Pakistan. It was declared as the legislative capital of Pakistan in 1962. In 1971, after the Liberation War, it became the capital of independent Bangladesh.

Dhaka is the financial, commercial and the entertainment capital of Bangladesh, and accounts for up to 35% of Bangladesh's economy.[17] Since its establishment as a modern capital city the population, area, the social and economic diversity of Dhaka have grown tremendously. The city is now one of the most densely industrialized regions in Bangladesh. Dhaka is a major beta-global city,[18] as it hosts the headquarters of several international corporations. By the 21st century, it emerged as a megacity. The Dhaka Stock Exchange has over 750 listed companies. The city hosts over 50 diplomatic missions and the headquarters of BIMSTEC. The city's culture is known for its rickshaws, cuisine, art festivals and religious diversity. The old city is home to around 2000 buildings from the Mughal and British periods, including notable structures such as the Bara Katra and Choto Katra caravansaries.

  1. ↑ "The tales of urban street children: Is there anything we could do?". Dhaka Tribune. 10 December 2019.
  2. ↑ "Are we willing to know more of Dhaka?". The Daily Star. 4 May 2018.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Hasan Mahmud states 3 reasons behind low voter turnout". The Daily Star. UNB. 2 February 2020. Archived from the original on 2 February 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Dhaka Metropolitan City Area". Archived from the original on 29 September 2017. Retrieved 29 September 2017.
  5. ↑ Partha Pratim Bhattacharjee; Mahbubur Rahman Khan (7 May 2016). "Govt to double size of Dhaka city area". The Daily Star. Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  6. ↑ "Dhaka City expands by more than double after inclusion of 16 union councils". bdnews24.com. 9 May 2016. Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  7. ↑ "Dhaka, Bangladesh Map". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 6 September 2009.
  8. ↑ [1] Archived 30 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine sum for 41 thanas of Dhaka city, not including 5 upazilas of Dhaka district
  9. ↑ "Population & Housing Census-2011" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. p. 41. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  10. ↑ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
  11. ↑ [2] Archived 11 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
  12. ↑ "District Statistics 2011, Dhaka" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. December 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 April 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  13. ↑ Choguill, C.L. (2012). New Communities for Urban Squatters: Lessons from the Plan That Failed in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Springer Science & Business Media. p. viii. ISBN 978-1-4613-1863-7. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
  14. ↑ "Population & Housing Census-2011" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  15. ↑ Hough, Michael (2004) [First published 1995]. Cities and Natural Process: A Basis for Sustainability (2nd ed.). Psychology Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-415-29854-4. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  16. ↑ Dani, Ahmad (1962), Dacca – A record of its changing fortunes, Mrs. Safiya S Dani, p. 119, archived from the original on 30 May 2015, retrieved 9 September 2017
  17. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Rezaul Karim
  18. ↑ "The World According to GaWC 2020". GaWC - Research Network. Globalization and World Cities. Archived from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
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