robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit) |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description| | {{Short description|Maharaja of Indore from 1926 to 1948}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}} | ||
{{Infobox royalty | {{Infobox royalty | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
|coronation =11 March 1926, Juna Rajwada Palace, Indore | |coronation =11 March 1926, Juna Rajwada Palace, Indore | ||
|successor1 = Usha Devi Holkar | |successor1 = Usha Devi Holkar | ||
|spouse = | |spouse =[[Sanyogitabai Holkar of Indore|Princess Sanyogita of Kagal]]<br />Maharani Margaret Holkar<br />Maharani Euphemia Holkar | ||
|house = [[Holkar]] | |house = [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] | ||
|father = [[Tukojirao Holkar III]] | |father = [[Tukojirao Holkar III]] | ||
|mother = Chadrawati Bai Saheba | |mother = Chadrawati Bai Saheba | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai | '''Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Yeshwant Rao II Holkar XIV Bahadur'''{{citation needed|date=June 2020}} (6{{nbsp}}September 1908{{snd}}5{{nbsp}}December 1961) was the [[Maharaja]] of [[Indore]] ([[Indore State|Holkar State]], now in present-day [[Madhya Pradesh]]) belonging to the [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] dynasty of the [[Marathas]]. With his first wife, [[Sanyogita Bai Sahib Holkar of Indore]], he became known for a life of elegance and extravagance in the 1920s and 30s. | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
He was educated at the [[Cheam School]], [[Charterhouse School|Charterhouse]] and [[Christ Church, Oxford]]. | He was educated at the [[Cheam School]], [[Charterhouse School|Charterhouse]] and [[Christ Church, Oxford|Christ Church, Oxford University]]. | ||
He succeeded his father [[Tukojirao Holkar III]], who abdicated in his favour on 26 February 1926. He was installed on the throne on 11 March 1926 under a regency council. He was invested with full powers on 9 May 1930. On 1 January 1935 he was made a Knight of the Order of the Indian Empire. | He succeeded his father [[Tukojirao Holkar III]], who abdicated in his favour on 26 February 1926. He was installed on the throne on 11 March 1926 under a regency council. He was invested with full powers on 9 May 1930. On 1 January 1935 he was made a Knight of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]]. He established a legislative council for Indore state and created a cabinet with a prime minister and three ministers. K.S. Fitze, a British resident of Indore, noted that Holkar spent considerable time abroad. Christie's art director Amin Jaffer considers this an example of his Western influences.<ref>{{harvnb|Jackson|Jaffer|2009|p=202}}</ref> | ||
On 11 August 1947 he signed the | On 11 August 1947 he signed the [[Instrument of Accession]] to India. Indore State was included in the Union of [[Madhya Bharat]] on 28 May 1948. He served as the second [[Rajpramukh]] of this new state until 31 October 1956. He later worked with the [[United Nations]], though details of his role remain unclear. | ||
He died in a Mumbai hospital on 5 December 1961. | He died in a Mumbai hospital on 5 December 1961. | ||
== Manik Bagh == | == Manik Bagh == | ||
In 1930 he commissioned the construction of the [[Manik Bagh]] ("Jewel Garden") palace in Indore. The architect was [[Eckart Muthesius]] (1904–1989) from Germany. | In 1930 he commissioned the construction of the [[Manik Bagh]] ("Jewel Garden") palace in Indore. The architect was [[Eckart Muthesius]] (1904–1989) from Germany. Holkar was at a young age at that time, as was Muthesius, who was only a few years older. The work outside and inside was done in the late [[art deco|Art Deco]] and [[International Style (architecture)|international style]] of [[modern architecture]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gstindore.gov.in/en/about/about-manik-bagh|title=About Manik Bagh|website=www.gstindore.gov.in|accessdate=28 September 2023}}</ref> | ||
The [[Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris]] had an exhibition in 2019 called "Moderne Maharajah" dedicated to Yashwant Rao Holkar II and Manik Bagh, featuring some of the interior pieces such as the aluminium bed by Louis Sognot and Charlotte Alix.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/paris-maharaja-yashwantrao-holkar/|title = Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris celebrates the fascinating life of Maharaja Yeshwantrao Holkar II|date = 14 September 2019}}</ref> | The [[Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris]] had an exhibition in 2019 called "Moderne Maharajah" dedicated to Yashwant Rao Holkar II and Manik Bagh, featuring some of the interior pieces such as the aluminium bed by Louis Sognot and Charlotte Alix.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/paris-maharaja-yashwantrao-holkar/|title = Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris celebrates the fascinating life of Maharaja Yeshwantrao Holkar II|date = 14 September 2019}}</ref> | ||
| Line 46: | Line 46: | ||
==Marriage== | ==Marriage== | ||
[[File:Bernard Boutet de Monvel 001.jpg|thumb|Portrait by [[Bernard Boutet de Monvel]], 1934]] | [[File:Bernard Boutet de Monvel 001.jpg|thumb|Portrait by [[Bernard Boutet de Monvel]], 1934]] | ||
[[File:Bernard Boutet de Monvel 002.jpg|thumb|left|'' | [[File:Bernard Boutet de Monvel 002.jpg|thumb|left|''The Maharani of Indore'' by Bernard Boutet de Monvel (1934)]] | ||
In | In 1924 he married [[Sanyogita Bai Sahib Holkar of Indore]].<ref name=Poddar2015>{{cite book |last1=Poddar |first1=Abhishek |last2=Gaskell |first2=Nathaniel |last3=Pramod Kumar |first3=K. G |last4=Museum of Art & Photography (Bangalore |first4=India) |title=Maharanis: women of royal India |date=2015 |location=Ahmedabad |isbn=978-93-85360-06-0 |chapter=Indore|pages=122–123 |oclc=932267190 |language=English}}</ref> Holkar and his wife Maharani Sanyogita studied in [[England]].<ref>{{harvnb|Jackson|Jaffer|2009|p=192}}</ref> Together, they traveled extensively across Europe and were photographed by [[Man Ray]] in 1927. Two sets of double portraits were painted by [[Bernard Boutet de Monvel]] in 1929 and 1934.<ref name="auto">{{cite web | title=(#52) Bernard Boutet de Monvel | website=Sothebys.com| url=https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2016/collection-boutet-de-monvel-pf1639/lot.52.html | access-date=28 September 2023}}</ref> | ||
Sanyogita | Sanyogita died in 1937 at the age of 22 from complications after an appendectomy in [[Switzerland]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/how-maharaja-yeshwant-holkar-and-maharani-sanyogita-devi-turned-indore-into-a-art-deco-paradise|title = How Maharaja Yeshwant Holkar and Maharani Sanyogita Devi Turned Indore into a Art Deco Paradise|date = 2 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/preview/a-thoroughly-modern-maharaja-how-an-indian-prince-amassed-one-of-the-world-s-greatest-collections-of-modern-design|title = Thoroughly Modern Maharaja: How an Indian prince amassed one of the world's greatest interwar design collections|date = 18 September 2019}}</ref><ref name="auto"/> | ||
In 1938 | In 1938 Holkar married Marguerite Lawler, of Fargo, North Dakota.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.willistonherald.com/community/marguerite-lawler-the-fargo-woman-who-married-and-then-was-divorced-by-a-maharaja/article_06d6a412-d914-11eb-b91c-175be1c0b595.html|title = Marguerite Lawler, the Fargo woman who married and then was divorced by a maharaja| date=5 July 2021 }}</ref> After their divorce, he married Euphemia "Fay" Watt, of [[Los Angeles]] (also known as Lady Fay Holkar) in 1943. | ||
He | He was survived by his two children: | ||
* with Maharani Sanyogita Devi: Maharani Usha Raje of Indore | * with Maharani Sanyogita Devi: Maharani Usha Raje of Indore who inherited the titles and rights.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.indianrajputs.com/view/indore | title=Indore (Princely State) | date=20 October 1933 }}</ref> | ||
* with Lady Fay Holkar: [[Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao "Richard" Holkar]] (who | * with Lady Fay Holkar: [[Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao "Richard" Holkar]] (who has two children:<ref> | ||
{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/the-wedding-royale/story-LtlqdS3NFPR3W1fKh9wX3L.html|title = The wedding royale|date = 24 February 2006}}</ref> Sabrina Sanyogita Holkar Ellis and Yashwantrao "Randall" Holkar III). | {{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/the-wedding-royale/story-LtlqdS3NFPR3W1fKh9wX3L.html|title = The wedding royale| work=Hindustan Times |date = 24 February 2006}}</ref> Sabrina Sanyogita Holkar Ellis and Yashwantrao "Randall" Holkar III). | ||
==Honours== | ==Honours== | ||
| Line 78: | Line 78: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category|Yashwant Rao Holkar II}} | {{Commons category|Yashwant Rao Holkar II}} | ||
*[http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/i/indore.html | *[http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/i/indore.html Royalty] | ||
* https://madparis.fr/ | * {{cite web | title=Moderne Maharajah. Un mécène des années 1930 | website=madparis.fr| date=26 September 2019 | url=https://madparis.fr/Moderne-Maharajah-Un-mecene-des-annees-1930 | language=fr | access-date=28 September 2023}} | ||
* Danny Dutch, [https://www.dannydutch.com/post/the-maharaja-and-maharani-of-the-c%C3%B4te-d-azur The Maharaja And Maharani Of The Côte d’Azur] | |||
{{s-start}} | {{s-start}} | ||
{{S-hou | [[Holkar|Holkar Dynasty]]|6 September|1908|5 December|1961}} | {{S-hou | [[House of Holkar|Holkar Dynasty]]|6 September|1908|5 December|1961}} | ||
{{s-reg}} | {{s-reg}} | ||
{{s-bef | before=[[Tukojirao Holkar III]]}} | {{s-bef | before=[[Tukojirao Holkar III]]}} | ||
| Line 97: | Line 98: | ||
[[Category:1908 births]] | [[Category:1908 births]] | ||
[[Category:1961 deaths]] | [[Category:1961 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Maharajas of Indore]] | [[Category:Maharajas of Indore State]] | ||
[[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]] | [[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]] | ||
[[Category:People educated at Charterhouse School]] | [[Category:People educated at Charterhouse School]] | ||
[[Category:Indian knights]] | [[Category:Indian knights]] | ||
[[Category:Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford]] | |||
[[Category:People educated at Cheam School]] | |||
Latest revision as of 10:16, 18 March 2026
| Yeshwant Rao Holkar II | |
|---|---|
 Investiture of Maharaja Yeshwant Rao Holkar Bahadur of Indore 9th May 1930 | |
| Maharaja Holkar of Indore | |
| Reign | 26 February 1926 – 28 May 1948 |
| Coronation | 11 March 1926, Juna Rajwada Palace, Indore |
| Predecessor | Tukojirao Holkar III |
| Successor | Monarchy abolished, Indore merged into Madhya Bharat |
| Titular Maharaja Holkar of Indore | |
| Pretendence | 28 May 1948 – 5 December 1961 |
| Successor | Usha Devi Holkar |
| Born | 6 September 1908 Indore, Indore State, British India |
| Died | 5 December 1961 (aged 53) Bombay, Maharashtra, India |
| Spouse | Princess Sanyogita of Kagal Maharani Margaret Holkar Maharani Euphemia Holkar |
| Issue | Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao Holkar (Prince Richard Holkar) Maharani Usha Devi Holkar |
| House | Holkar |
| Father | Tukojirao Holkar III |
| Mother | Chadrawati Bai Saheba |
| Religion | Hinduism |
Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Yeshwant Rao II Holkar XIV Bahadur[citation needed] (6 September 1908 – 5 December 1961) was the Maharaja of Indore (Holkar State, now in present-day Madhya Pradesh) belonging to the Holkar dynasty of the Marathas. With his first wife, Sanyogita Bai Sahib Holkar of Indore, he became known for a life of elegance and extravagance in the 1920s and 30s.
Biography[edit | edit source]
He was educated at the Cheam School, Charterhouse and Christ Church, Oxford University.
He succeeded his father Tukojirao Holkar III, who abdicated in his favour on 26 February 1926. He was installed on the throne on 11 March 1926 under a regency council. He was invested with full powers on 9 May 1930. On 1 January 1935 he was made a Knight of the Order of the Indian Empire. He established a legislative council for Indore state and created a cabinet with a prime minister and three ministers. K.S. Fitze, a British resident of Indore, noted that Holkar spent considerable time abroad. Christie's art director Amin Jaffer considers this an example of his Western influences.[1]
On 11 August 1947 he signed the Instrument of Accession to India. Indore State was included in the Union of Madhya Bharat on 28 May 1948. He served as the second Rajpramukh of this new state until 31 October 1956. He later worked with the United Nations, though details of his role remain unclear.
He died in a Mumbai hospital on 5 December 1961.
Manik Bagh[edit | edit source]
In 1930 he commissioned the construction of the Manik Bagh ("Jewel Garden") palace in Indore. The architect was Eckart Muthesius (1904–1989) from Germany. Holkar was at a young age at that time, as was Muthesius, who was only a few years older. The work outside and inside was done in the late Art Deco and international style of modern architecture.[2]
The Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris had an exhibition in 2019 called "Moderne Maharajah" dedicated to Yashwant Rao Holkar II and Manik Bagh, featuring some of the interior pieces such as the aluminium bed by Louis Sognot and Charlotte Alix.[3]
Manik Bagh later became a branch of the Indian Customs and Central Excise department.
Marriage[edit | edit source]
In 1924 he married Sanyogita Bai Sahib Holkar of Indore.[4] Holkar and his wife Maharani Sanyogita studied in England.[5] Together, they traveled extensively across Europe and were photographed by Man Ray in 1927. Two sets of double portraits were painted by Bernard Boutet de Monvel in 1929 and 1934.[6]
Sanyogita died in 1937 at the age of 22 from complications after an appendectomy in Switzerland.[7][8][6]
In 1938 Holkar married Marguerite Lawler, of Fargo, North Dakota.[9] After their divorce, he married Euphemia "Fay" Watt, of Los Angeles (also known as Lady Fay Holkar) in 1943.
He was survived by his two children:
- with Maharani Sanyogita Devi: Maharani Usha Raje of Indore who inherited the titles and rights.[10]
- with Lady Fay Holkar: Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao "Richard" Holkar (who has two children:[11] Sabrina Sanyogita Holkar Ellis and Yashwantrao "Randall" Holkar III).
Honours[edit | edit source]
- Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (GCIE), 1935
- King George V Silver Jubilee Medal, 1935
- King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Jackson & Jaffer 2009, p. 202
- ↑ "About Manik Bagh". www.gstindore.gov.in. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
- ↑ "Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris celebrates the fascinating life of Maharaja Yeshwantrao Holkar II". 14 September 2019.
- ↑ Poddar, Abhishek; Gaskell, Nathaniel; Pramod Kumar, K. G; Museum of Art & Photography (Bangalore, India) (2015). "Indore". Maharanis: women of royal India. Ahmedabad. pp. 122–123. ISBN 978-93-85360-06-0. OCLC 932267190.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ Jackson & Jaffer 2009, p. 192
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "(#52) Bernard Boutet de Monvel". Sothebys.com. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
- ↑ "How Maharaja Yeshwant Holkar and Maharani Sanyogita Devi Turned Indore into a Art Deco Paradise". 2 August 2019.
- ↑ "Thoroughly Modern Maharaja: How an Indian prince amassed one of the world's greatest interwar design collections". 18 September 2019.
- ↑ "Marguerite Lawler, the Fargo woman who married and then was divorced by a maharaja". 5 July 2021.
- ↑ "Indore (Princely State)". 20 October 1933.
- ↑ "The wedding royale". Hindustan Times. 24 February 2006.
- Jackson, Anna; Jaffer, Amin (1 September 2009), Maharaja, London: V & A Publishing, ISBN 978-1-85177-573-6, retrieved 21 January 2014
External links[edit | edit source]
- Royalty
- "Moderne Maharajah. Un mécène des années 1930". madparis.fr (in français). 26 September 2019. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
- Danny Dutch, The Maharaja And Maharani Of The Côte d’Azur
Yashwant Rao Holkar II Born: 6 September 1908 Died: 5 December 1961
| ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Tukojirao Holkar III |
Maharaja Holkar of Indore 1926–1948 |
Monarchy Abolished |
| Titles in pretence | ||
| Monarchy Abolished |
— TITULAR — Maharaja Holkar of Indore 1948–1961 |
Succeeded by Usha Devi Holkar |