Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary: Difference between revisions

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{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=August 2022}}
{{Short description|Forest near Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
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| alt_name =  
| alt_name =  
| iucn_category = IV
| iucn_category = IV
| photo = Kambalakonda wildlife sanctuary Landscape.jpg
| image = Kambalakonda wildlife sanctuary Landscape.jpg
| photo_alt =  
| image_alt =  
| photo_caption = Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary morning view
| image_caption = Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary morning view
| photo_width =  
| image_size =  
| map = India Visakhapatnam
| map = India Andhra Pradesh#India
| map_alt =  
| map_alt =  
| map_caption = Location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary  
| map_caption = Location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
| map_width =  
| map_width =  
| label             = Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
| relief = 1
| label_position   = left
| mapframe = Yes
| label = Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
| label_position = left
| mapframe-zoom = 9
| location = [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]
| location = [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]
| nearest_city = [[Visakhapatnam]]
| nearest_city = [[Visakhapatnam]]
| coordinates = {{coords|17|49|31|N|83|18|31|E|region:IN|display=inline, title}}
| coordinates = {{coords|17|49|31|N|83|18|31|E|region:IN|display=inline, title}}
| area = {{convert|70.70|km2|acre|abbr=on}}
| area = {{convert|70.70|km2|acre|abbr=on}}
| established = 10 March 1970  
| established = 10 March 1970
| visitation_num =  
| visitation_num =  
| visitation_year =  
| visitation_year =  
| governing_body = [[Andhra Pradesh Forest Department]]
| governing_body = [[Andhra Pradesh Forest Department]]
| world_heritage_site =
| url =
| url =  
}}
}}
[[File:Eastern Ghats view near Bakkannapalem reservoir 01.JPG|thumb|250px|Eastern Ghats view in Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary]]
[[File:Eastern Ghats view near Bakkannapalem reservoir 01.JPG|thumb|250px|Eastern Ghats view in Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary]]
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==Geography==
==Geography==
The sanctuary is located from latitudes of 17.34° N to 17.47° N and longitudes of 83.04° E to 83.20° E. The location corresponds to an area west of [[National Highway 16 (India)|National Highway 16]] on the northern side of Visakhapatnam and Pendurthi in [[Visakhapatnam district]].  It can be reached by road about 3 km from Visakhapatnam, opposite to zoo park.
The sanctuary is located from latitudes of 17.34° N to 17.47° N and longitudes of 83.04° E to 83.20° E. The location corresponds to an area west of [[National Highway 16 (India)|National Highway 16]] on the northern side of [[Visakhapatnam]] and [[Pendurthi]] in [[Visakhapatnam district]].  It can be reached by road about 3 km from Visakhapatnam, opposite to zoo park.


The sanctuary has a  dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and meadows. The terrain is hilly with steep slopes.
The sanctuary has a  [[dry evergreen forest]] mixed with [[Scrub forest|scrub]] and [[Meadow|meadows]]. The terrain is hilly with steep slopes.


==Flora and fauna==
==Flora and fauna==
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===Fauna===
===Fauna===
There is a varied fauna<ref>http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2006/09/28/stories/2006092803301900.htm</ref> present in the sanctuary.
There is a varied fauna<ref>http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2006/09/28/stories/2006092803301900.htm{{Dead link | date=December 2025 | fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> present in the sanctuary.


====Mammals====
====Mammals====
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| Jungle cat || ''[[Felis chaus]]'' || Common
| Jungle cat || ''[[Felis chaus]]'' || Common
|-
|-
| Madras treeshrew<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.zoosprint.org/zoosprintnewsletter/smm_4_1_jul-dec_2011.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313225002/http://www.zoosprint.org/ZoosPrintNewsLetter/SMM_4_1_Jul-Dec_2011.pdf |archive-date=13 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> || ''[[Anathana ellioti]]'' || Rare
| Madras treeshrew<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.zoosprint.org/zoosprintnewsletter/smm_4_1_jul-dec_2011.pdf | title=Small Mammal Mail | volume=4 | number=1 | website=February 2012 | access-date=18 July 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313225002/http://www.zoosprint.org/ZoosPrintNewsLetter/SMM_4_1_Jul-Dec_2011.pdf | archive-date=13 March 2016 | url-status=dead}}</ref> || ''[[Anathana ellioti]]'' || Rare
|-
|-
| Ruddy mongoose || ''[[Herpestes smithii]]'' || Common
| Ruddy mongoose || ''[[Herpestes smithii]]'' || Common
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{| class="wikitable" border=3
{| class="wikitable" border=3
|-
|-
! Common name !! Formal name !! Observed<ref>http://eghats.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Avifauna-of-Kambalakonda.pdf {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>
! Common name !! Formal name !! Observed<ref>http://eghats.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Avifauna-of-Kambalakonda.pdf {{Dead link|date=February 2022 | fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
|-
| Indian paradise flycatcher || ''[[Terpsiphone paradisi]]'' || Common  
| Indian paradise flycatcher || ''[[Terpsiphone paradisi]]'' || Common  
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| Pied crested cuckoo || ''[[Clamator jacobinus]]'' || Common
| Pied crested cuckoo || ''[[Clamator jacobinus]]'' || Common
|-
|-
| Barn owl || ''[[Tyto alba]]'' || Rare
| Eastern barn owl || ''[[Tyto javanica]]'' || Rare
|-
|-
| Spotted owlet || ''[[Athene brama]]'' || Common
| Spotted owlet || ''[[Athene brama]]'' || Common
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{| class="wikitable" border=3
{| class="wikitable" border=3
|-
|-
! Common name !! Formal name !! Observed<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ijpaes.com/admin/php/uploads/500_pdf.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 July 2017 |archive-date=17 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717120339/http://www.ijpaes.com/admin/php/uploads/500_pdf.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
! Common name !! Formal name !! Observed<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.ijpaes.com/admin/php/uploads/500_pdf.pdf | title=Seasonal patterns in butterfly diversity and abundance in relation to weather parameters at Kambalakonda eco-tourism park, Vishakhapatnam | access-date=23 July 2017 | archive-date=17 July 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717120339/http://www.ijpaes.com/admin/php/uploads/500_pdf.pdf | url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|-
| Lemon pansy || ''[[Junonia lemonias]]'' || Common  
| Lemon pansy || ''[[Junonia lemonias]]'' || Common  

Latest revision as of 05:18, 23 February 2026


Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)
Map showing the location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Map showing the location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Map showing the location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Map showing the location of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary (India)
LocationAndhra Pradesh, India
Nearest cityVisakhapatnam
Coordinates17°49′31″N 83°18′31″E / 17.82528°N 83.30861°E / 17.82528; 83.30861
Area70.70 km2 (17,470 acres)
Established10 March 1970
Governing bodyAndhra Pradesh Forest Department
Eastern Ghats view in Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
Calotes versicolor basking on grass at Kambalakonda
View of Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary from Gudilova
Helicteres isora (east Indian screw tree) at Kambalakonda
Carissa spinarum flowers at Kambalakonda
Polyalthia cerasoides red berries bunch at Kambalakonda
Pachliopta hector moving on grass leaf at Kambalakonda
Purple-rumped sunbird (Leptocoma zeylonica)
Red cedar fruit Erythroxylum monogynum at Kambalakonda
Axis axis (spotted deer) at Kambalakonda

The Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary is a forest located near Visakhapatnam. It has been under the control of Andhra Pradesh Forest Department since 10 March 1970. Earlier the land was under the control of Maharajah of Vizianagaram. It was named after the local hillock Kambalakonda. It is a dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and meadows and covers an area of 70.70 square kilometers. The indicator species is the Indian leopard.[1]

Geography[edit | edit source]

The sanctuary is located from latitudes of 17.34° N to 17.47° N and longitudes of 83.04° E to 83.20° E. The location corresponds to an area west of National Highway 16 on the northern side of Visakhapatnam and Pendurthi in Visakhapatnam district. It can be reached by road about 3 km from Visakhapatnam, opposite to zoo park.

The sanctuary has a dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and meadows. The terrain is hilly with steep slopes.

Flora and fauna[edit | edit source]

Flora[edit | edit source]

There is diverse flora and fauna in this sanctuary representing the Eastern Ghats. Floral diversity is high and includes:

Common name Formal name Local name
Indian licorice Abrus precatorius గురువింద
Tree of Heaven Ailanthus excelsa పెదమాను
Sage-leaved alangium Alangium salviifolium ఊడుగ
Neem tree Azadirachta indica వేప
Indian thorny bamboo Bambusa bambos ముళ్ళవెదురు
Bidi leaf tree Bauhinia racemosa తెల్ల ఆరె
Mountain pomegranate Catunaregam spinosa మంగ
East Indian satinwood Chloroxylon swietenia బిల్లుడు
Buttercup tree Cochlospermum religiosum కొండగోగు
Golden shower tree Cassia fistula రేల
Bush plum tree Carissa spinarum వాక
Indian rosewood Dalbergia sissoo ఇరుగుడుసేవ
Banyan tree Ficus benghalensis మర్రి
Hairy fig tree Ficus hispida బొడ్డ
Indian fig tree Ficus racemosa మేడి
White fig tree Ficus virens జువ్వి
Indian boxwood Gardenia latifolia పెదకరింగ
Dhaman tree Grewia tiliaefolia తడ
White teak Gmelina arborea గుమ్మడి టేకు
Indian screw tree Helicteres isora నులి తడ
Indian ash tree Lannea coromandelica గుంపెన
Ironwood tree Manilkara hexandra పాల
Indian mulberry Morinda tinctoria తగర
Jungle berry Polyalthia cerasoides దుద్దుగ
Dinnerplate tree Pterospermum suberifolium కనకచంపకం
Jamun tree Syzygium cumini నేరేడు
Red cutch tree Senegalia chundra చండ్ర
Teak Tectona grandis టేకు
White babul Vachellia leucophloea తెల్లతుమ్మ
Indigo tree Wrightia tinctoria ఆంకుడు

Fauna[edit | edit source]

There is a varied fauna[2] present in the sanctuary.

Mammals[edit | edit source]

Common name Formal name Observed
Indian muntjac Muntiacus muntjak Common
Indian spotted chevrotain Moschiola indica Common
Indian leopard Panthera pardus fusca Rare
Indian jackal Canis aureus indicus Rare
Indian wild dog Cuon alpinus Rare
Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata Rare
Indian boar Sus scrofa cristatus Common
Indian crested porcupine Hystrix indica Common
Indian hare Lepus nigricollis Common
Rusty-spotted cat Prionailurus rubiginosus Rare
Jungle cat Felis chaus Common
Madras treeshrew[3] Anathana ellioti Rare
Ruddy mongoose Herpestes smithii Common
Sambar deer Rusa unicolor Common
Spotted deer Axis axis Common
Asian palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus Common

Reptiles[edit | edit source]

Common name Formal name Observed
Indian python Python molurus Rare
Rat snake Ptyas mucosus Common
Indian cobra Naja naja Common
Common Indian bronzeback Dendrelaphis tristis Common
Common Asian vine snake Ahaetulla nasuta Rare
Russell's viper Daboia russelii Rare
Indian chameleon Chamaeleo zeylanicus Common
Bengal monitor Varanus bengalensis Common
Visakhapatnam limbless skink Barkudia melanosticta Rare

Birds[edit | edit source]

Common name Formal name Observed[4]
Indian paradise flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi Common
Rufous treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda Common
Black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Common
Indian golden oriole Oriolus kundoo Rare
Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus Rare
Grey francolin Francolinus pondicerianus Rare
Laughing dove Spilopelia senegalensis Common
Spotted dove Spilopelia chinensis Common
Red-wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus Common
Rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri Common
Pied crested cuckoo Clamator jacobinus Common
Eastern barn owl Tyto javanica Rare
Spotted owlet Athene brama Common
Green bee-eater Merops orientalis Common
Indian grey hornbill Ocyceros birostris Rare
Indian roller Coracias benghalensis Common
Red-whiskered bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus Common
Indian robin Copsychus fulicatus Common
Baya weaver Ploceus philippinus Common
White wagtail Motacilla alba Common
Pied kingfisher Ceryle rudis Common
Banded bay cuckoo Cacomantis sonneratii Rare
Purple-rumped sunbird Nectarinia zeylonica Common
Painted spurfowl Galloperdix lunulata Rare
White-bellied sea eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster Rare

Butterflies[edit | edit source]

Common name Formal name Observed[5]
Lemon pansy Junonia lemonias Common
Anomalous nawab Charaxes agraria Common
Indian sunbeam Curetis thetis Common
Plain tiger Danaus chrysippus Common
Peacock pansy Junonia almana Rare
Common banded peacock Papilio crino Rare
Great eggfly Hypolimnas bolina Common
Common crow Euploea core Common
Danaid eggfly Hypolimnas misippus Common
Lime swallowtail Papilio demoleus Common
Blue tiger Tirumala limniace Common
Common Mormon Papilio polytes Common
Mottled emigrant Catopsilia pyranthe Common
Common jay Graphium doson Common
Dark grass blue Zizeeria karsandra Common
Common gull Cepora nerissa Common
Monkey puzzle Rathinda amor Common
Common pierrot Castalius rosimon Common
Baronet Euthalia nais Rare

Gallery[edit | edit source]

  • Pentatomid nymph at Kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
    Pentatomid nymph at Kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
  • Capparis zeylanica shrub kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
    Capparis zeylanica shrub kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
  • Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, Visakhapatnam
    Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, Visakhapatnam
  • Indian peafowl at Kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
    Indian peafowl at Kambalakonda, Visakhapatnam
  • Reflections at Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
    Reflections at Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Forest at Kambalakonda Visakhapatnam
    Forest at Kambalakonda Visakhapatnam
  • Rest area at Kambalakonda Ecopark
    Rest area at Kambalakonda Ecopark
  • Greenery at Kambalakonda Eco Park
    Greenery at Kambalakonda Eco Park
  • Eastern Ghats of Kambalakonda
    Eastern Ghats of Kambalakonda
  • Mottled emigrant butterflies (Catopsilia pyranthe) at Kambalakonda
    Mottled emigrant butterflies (Catopsilia pyranthe) at Kambalakonda
  • Huge anthill at Kambalakonda
    Huge anthill at Kambalakonda
  • A dragon fly (helicopter) at Kambalakonda
    A dragon fly (helicopter) at Kambalakonda

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "APFD Website". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  2. ↑ http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2006/09/28/stories/2006092803301900.htm[permanent dead link]
  3. ↑ "Small Mammal Mail" (PDF). February 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  4. ↑ http://eghats.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Avifauna-of-Kambalakonda.pdf [permanent dead link]
  5. ↑ "Seasonal patterns in butterfly diversity and abundance in relation to weather parameters at Kambalakonda eco-tourism park, Vishakhapatnam" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2017.

External links[edit | edit source]

Template:Wildlife sanctuaries of Andhra Pradesh Template:Protected areas of Andhra Pradesh

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