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{{Short description|Duodecennial Jain festival involving large-scale anointment of Jain images}} | |||
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2014}} | {{Use Indian English|date=June 2014}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date= | {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} | ||
{{Italic title}} | {{Italic title}} | ||
{{Infobox holiday | {{Infobox holiday | ||
|image = Shravanbelgola Gomateshvara head and torso.jpg | | holiday_name = Mahamastakabhisheka | ||
|caption = Anointing of Gommateshwara | | image = Shravanbelgola Gomateshvara head and torso.jpg | ||
|nickname = Translation: Head Anointing of Gommateshwara | | caption = Anointing of the [[Gommateshwara statue]] in 2006 | ||
|observedby = [[Jain]]s | | nickname = Translation: Head Anointing of Gommateshwara | ||
|date = Decided by the luni-solar [[Jain calendar]] | | observedby = [[Jain]]s | ||
|observances = Prayers, [[Jain rituals]] | | date = Decided by the luni-solar [[Jain calendar]] | ||
|celebrations = Anointing the statue of ''Gommateshwara'' with milk, saffron, sugarcane juice, sandal paste, rice flour , flowers etc. | | observances = Prayers, [[Jain rituals]] | ||
|longtype = Religious | | celebrations = Anointing the statue of ''Gommateshwara'' with milk, saffron, sugarcane juice, sandal paste, rice flour, flowers etc. | ||
|significance = Completion of the statue of [[Gommateshwara statue]] | | longtype = Religious | ||
|frequency = every 12 years | | significance = Completion of the statue of [[Gommateshwara statue]] | ||
|date2018 = | | frequency = every 12 years | ||
|date2030 = | | date2018 = | ||
| date2030 = | |||
| type = | |||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:Mahamastakabhisheka - Gommateshwara statue (2).jpg|thumb|Gommateshwara statue during the Grand Consecration in August 2018]] | |||
[[File:Mahamastakabhisheka | |||
The ''''' | The '''''Māhāmastakābhiṣeka''''' ("Grand Consecration") refers to the ''[[abhiṣeka]]'' (anointment) of the [[Jainism|Jain]] idols when held on a large scale. The most famous of such consecrations is the anointment of the [[Bahubali]] [[Gommateshwara statue]] located at [[Shravanabelagola]] in [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. It is an important Jain festival held once every 12 years. It is an integral part of the ancient and composite Jain tradition. | ||
The festival is held in veneration of a {{convert|17.4|m|adj=on}} high monolithic statue of the [[Siddha]] Bahubali. The anointing last took place in February 2018, and the next ceremony will take place in 2030.<ref name="toi">{{cite news|last=Correspondent|first=TNN|title=Mahamastakabhisheka of Bahubali begins today|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Mahamastakabhisheka-of-Bahubali-begins-today/articleshow/1405368.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126045715/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-02-08/india/27796348_1_bahubali-mahamastakabhisheka-shravanabelagola|url-status=live|archive-date=26 January 2013|access-date=19 December 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 February 2006}}</ref> The ceremony in 2018 is said to be the 88th in the series that commenced in the year 981 AD and was the second Mahamastakabhisheka of the 21st century. The ceremony is expected to be graced by numerous Jain [[ascetics]]. The February 2018 event was held under the leadership of Charukeerthi [[Bhattaraka]] Swamiji of Shravanabelagola from 17 to 25 February 2018.Next will be at 2030 by Abhinava Charukeerthy Bhattaraka Mahaswamiji <ref>{{citation|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/Dates-for-Mahamastabhisheka-at-Shravanabelagola-announced/article16444430.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=13 October 2016| access-date=26 February 2018|title=Dates for Mahamastabhisheka at Shravanabelagola by |author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> | |||
== Anointment of the Gommateshwara Bahubali image == | == Anointment of the Gommateshwara Bahubali image == | ||
Bahubali, the son of [[Rishabhanatha]], the first of the twenty-four Jain [[Tirthankara]]s, is worshipped for living with exceptional qualities that he displayed during all stages of his life from conception, birth, renunciation, enlightenment and salvation. This 58.8 feet tall statue is the most magnificent among all Jain works of art. It was built in circa 983.{{sfn|Zimmer|1953|p=212}} The Bahubali statue is described as one of the mightiest achievements of ancient Karnataka in the realm of sculptural art. The statue stands upright in the posture of meditation known as kayotsarga, reaching a height of nearly 57 feet atop the [[Vindhyagiri Hill|Vindhyagiri]] - accessible through a flight of 700 steps.{{Sfn|Muni Kshamāsāgara|2006|p=49}} | |||
===Procedure=== | ===Procedure=== | ||
Purified water and [[sandalwood]] paste is poured over the statue from a scaffolding. This event continues for weeks. As the ''Mahamastakabhisheka'' begins, consecrated water is sprinkled onto the participants by devotees carrying 1,008 specially prepared vessels ( | Purified water and [[sandalwood]] paste is poured over the statue from a scaffolding. This event continues for weeks. As the ''Mahamastakabhisheka'' begins, consecrated water is sprinkled onto the participants by devotees carrying 1,008 specially prepared vessels (kalashas). The statue is then bathed and anointed with libations such as milk, sugarcane juice, and [[saffron]] paste, and sprinkled with powders of [[sandalwood]], [[turmeric]], and [[vermilion]].<ref>{{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qqei_Wo1qXwC|title=Pilgrimage Centres of India|first=Brajesh|last=Kumar|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.|date=2003|isbn=9788171821853|page=199}}</ref> Offerings are made of petals, gold and silver coins, and precious stones. Most recently, the ceremony's finale has included an enormous shower of flowers from a waiting helicopter.{{Sfn|Sangave|p=106}} | ||
==Other Mahamastakabhishekas== | ==Other Mahamastakabhishekas== | ||
Apart from the anointment of the [[Gommateshwara statue]] at [[Shravana Belgola]], anointment of the Jaina images take place at Jain temples throughout India.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Drivedi|first1=Rakesh Narayan|page=65|title=राही मासूम रज़ा और उनके औपन्याससक पात्र}}</ref> Anointment of the other Gommateshwara statues in Karnataka are also honoured with a Mahamastakabhisheka festival every 12 years.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} | Apart from the anointment of the [[Gommateshwara statue]] at [[Shravana Belgola]], anointment of the Jaina images take place at Jain temples throughout India.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Drivedi|first1=Rakesh Narayan|page=65|title=राही मासूम रज़ा और उनके औपन्याससक पात्र}}</ref> Anointment of the other Gommateshwara statues in Karnataka are also honoured with a Mahamastakabhisheka festival every 12 years.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} | ||
* [[Dharmasthala]] Mahamastakabhisheka{{ | * [[Dharmasthala]] Mahamastakabhisheka was last held from 9 to 18 February 2019. The previous Mahamastakabhishekas were held in 1982, 1995 and 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |last=A, DHNS |first=Naina J. |title=Mahamastakabhisheka at Dharmasthala from February 9 |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/mahamastakabhisheka-711077.html |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> | ||
* [[Karkala]] Mahamastakabhisheka - The last Mahamastakabhisheka was held | * [[Karkala]] Mahamastakabhisheka - The last Mahamastakabhisheka was held from 21 to 31 January 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=DHNS |title=Karkala decks up for 'Mahamastakabhisheka' |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/karkala-decks-up-mahamastakabhisheka-2107747 |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> | ||
* [[Venur]] Mahamastakabhisheka - The last one was from 28 January 2012 to 5 February 2012. The next one will be in 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.venur.in/?page_id=145 |title=Venur Mahamastakabhisheka 2012 |access-date=2012 | * [[Venur]] Mahamastakabhisheka - The last one was from 28 January 2012 to 5 February 2012. The next one will be in 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.venur.in/?page_id=145 |title=Venur Mahamastakabhisheka 2012 |access-date=27 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130218031135/http://www.venur.in/?page_id=145 |archive-date=18 February 2013 }}</ref> | ||
*[[Kumbhoj]] Mahamastakabhisheka - The last Mahamastakabhisheka was held in 2015, and the next will be in 2027.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} | *[[Kumbhoj]] Mahamastakabhisheka - The last Mahamastakabhisheka was held in 2015, and the next will be in 2027.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} | ||
| Line 45: | Line 50: | ||
===Sources=== | ===Sources=== | ||
* {{citation |last=Jaini |first=Padmanabh S. |author-link=Padmanabh Jaini |title=The Jaina Path of Purification |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wE6v6ahxHi8C |date=1998 |orig-year=1979 |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |location=[[Delhi]] |isbn=978-81-208-1578-0 |ref=none }} | * {{citation |last=Jaini |first=Padmanabh S. |author-link=Padmanabh Jaini |title=The Jaina Path of Purification |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wE6v6ahxHi8C |date=1998 |orig-year=1979 |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |location=[[Delhi]] |isbn=978-81-208-1578-0 |ref=none }} | ||
* {{cite book |last=Zimmer |first=Heinrich |author-link=Heinrich Zimmer |title=Philosophies Of India |date=1953 |orig-year=April 1952 |editor-first=Joseph |editor-last=Campbell |editor-link=Joseph Campbell |publisher=[[Routledge]] & Kegan Paul Ltd |location=[[London]] | * {{cite book |last=Zimmer |first=Heinrich |author-link=Heinrich Zimmer |title=Philosophies Of India |date=1953 |orig-year=April 1952 |editor-first=Joseph |editor-last=Campbell |editor-link=Joseph Campbell |publisher=[[Routledge]] & Kegan Paul Ltd |location=[[London]] |url=https://archive.org/details/Philosophy.of.India.by.Heinrich.Zimmer |isbn=978-81-208-0739-6 }} | ||
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=09NCaJ_3GFwC|title=Naga Varmma's Karnataka Bhasha Bhushana|first=Lewis |last=Rice|date=1985|isbn=9788120600621}} | * {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=09NCaJ_3GFwC|title=Naga Varmma's Karnataka Bhasha Bhushana|first=Lewis |last=Rice|date=1985|publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=9788120600621}} | ||
* {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p0wSoEIub1YC|title=Gazetteer of Mysore|first=B. L. |last=Rice|publisher=Asian Educational Services|date=2001|isbn=9788120609778|ref=none }} | * {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p0wSoEIub1YC|title=Gazetteer of Mysore|first=B. L. |last=Rice|publisher=Asian Educational Services|date=2001|isbn=9788120609778|ref=none }} | ||
* {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nZ3S6CW5KKQC|title=The Sacred Sravana-Belagola|publisher=Bhartiya Jnanpith Prakash|first=Vilas Adinath|last=Sangave|access-date=2017 | * {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nZ3S6CW5KKQC|title=The Sacred Sravana-Belagola|publisher=Bhartiya Jnanpith Prakash|first=Vilas Adinath|last=Sangave|access-date=16 November 2017|ref={{SfnRef|Sangave}} |year=1981}} | ||
* {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MSieVNwsAAIC|title=In quest of the self|first=Muni |last=Kshamāsāgara|publisher=Bhartiya Jnanpith|isbn=9788126311668|access-date=2017 | * {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MSieVNwsAAIC|title=In quest of the self|first=Muni |last=Kshamāsāgara|publisher=Bhartiya Jnanpith|isbn=9788126311668|access-date=16 November 2017|ref={{SfnRef|Muni Kshamāsāgara|2006}} |year=2006}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{commons category|Mahamastakabhisheka}} | {{commons category|Mahamastakabhisheka}} | ||
* [http://www.mahamasthakabhisheka.com Mahamasthakabhisheka Bahubali Official Website] | * [http://www.mahamasthakabhisheka.com Mahamasthakabhisheka Bahubali Official Website] | ||
* [ | * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/629/629/4736362.stm BBC News Special: Interview and Photo Reportage] | ||
{{Jainism Topics}} | {{Jainism Topics}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:30, 14 November 2025
| Mahamastakabhisheka | |
|---|---|
 Anointing of the Gommateshwara statue in 2006 | |
| Also called | Translation: Head Anointing of Gommateshwara |
| Observed by | Jains |
| Type | Religious |
| Significance | Completion of the statue of Gommateshwara statue |
| Celebrations | Anointing the statue of Gommateshwara with milk, saffron, sugarcane juice, sandal paste, rice flour, flowers etc. |
| Observances | Prayers, Jain rituals |
| Date | Decided by the luni-solar Jain calendar |
| Frequency | every 12 years |
.jpg)
The Māhāmastakābhiṣeka ("Grand Consecration") refers to the abhiṣeka (anointment) of the Jain idols when held on a large scale. The most famous of such consecrations is the anointment of the Bahubali Gommateshwara statue located at Shravanabelagola in Karnataka, India. It is an important Jain festival held once every 12 years. It is an integral part of the ancient and composite Jain tradition.
The festival is held in veneration of a 17.4-metre (57 ft) high monolithic statue of the Siddha Bahubali. The anointing last took place in February 2018, and the next ceremony will take place in 2030.[1] The ceremony in 2018 is said to be the 88th in the series that commenced in the year 981 AD and was the second Mahamastakabhisheka of the 21st century. The ceremony is expected to be graced by numerous Jain ascetics. The February 2018 event was held under the leadership of Charukeerthi Bhattaraka Swamiji of Shravanabelagola from 17 to 25 February 2018.Next will be at 2030 by Abhinava Charukeerthy Bhattaraka Mahaswamiji [2]
Anointment of the Gommateshwara Bahubali image[edit | edit source]
Bahubali, the son of Rishabhanatha, the first of the twenty-four Jain Tirthankaras, is worshipped for living with exceptional qualities that he displayed during all stages of his life from conception, birth, renunciation, enlightenment and salvation. This 58.8 feet tall statue is the most magnificent among all Jain works of art. It was built in circa 983.[3] The Bahubali statue is described as one of the mightiest achievements of ancient Karnataka in the realm of sculptural art. The statue stands upright in the posture of meditation known as kayotsarga, reaching a height of nearly 57 feet atop the Vindhyagiri - accessible through a flight of 700 steps.[4]
Procedure[edit | edit source]
Purified water and sandalwood paste is poured over the statue from a scaffolding. This event continues for weeks. As the Mahamastakabhisheka begins, consecrated water is sprinkled onto the participants by devotees carrying 1,008 specially prepared vessels (kalashas). The statue is then bathed and anointed with libations such as milk, sugarcane juice, and saffron paste, and sprinkled with powders of sandalwood, turmeric, and vermilion.[5] Offerings are made of petals, gold and silver coins, and precious stones. Most recently, the ceremony's finale has included an enormous shower of flowers from a waiting helicopter.[6]
Other Mahamastakabhishekas[edit | edit source]
Apart from the anointment of the Gommateshwara statue at Shravana Belgola, anointment of the Jaina images take place at Jain temples throughout India.[7] Anointment of the other Gommateshwara statues in Karnataka are also honoured with a Mahamastakabhisheka festival every 12 years.[citation needed]
- Dharmasthala Mahamastakabhisheka was last held from 9 to 18 February 2019. The previous Mahamastakabhishekas were held in 1982, 1995 and 2007.[8]
- Karkala Mahamastakabhisheka - The last Mahamastakabhisheka was held from 21 to 31 January 2015.[9]
- Venur Mahamastakabhisheka - The last one was from 28 January 2012 to 5 February 2012. The next one will be in 2024.[10]
- Kumbhoj Mahamastakabhisheka - The last Mahamastakabhisheka was held in 2015, and the next will be in 2027.[citation needed]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
Citations[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Correspondent, TNN (8 February 2006). "Mahamastakabhisheka of Bahubali begins today". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 December 2012.
{{cite news}}:|last=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ Staff Reporter (13 October 2016), "Dates for Mahamastabhisheka at Shravanabelagola by", The Hindu, retrieved 26 February 2018
- ↑ Zimmer 1953, p. 212.
- ↑ Muni Kshamāsāgara 2006, p. 49.
- ↑ Kumar, Brajesh (2003), Pilgrimage Centres of India, Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd., p. 199, ISBN 9788171821853
- ↑ Sangave, p. 106.
- ↑ Drivedi, Rakesh Narayan. राही मासूम रज़ा और उनके औपन्याससक पात्र. p. 65.
- ↑ A, DHNS, Naina J. "Mahamastakabhisheka at Dharmasthala from February 9". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
- ↑ DHNS. "Karkala decks up for 'Mahamastakabhisheka'". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
- ↑ "Venur Mahamastakabhisheka 2012". Retrieved 27 January 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
Sources[edit | edit source]
- Jaini, Padmanabh S. (1998) [1979], The Jaina Path of Purification, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-1578-0
- Zimmer, Heinrich (1953) [April 1952]. Campbell, Joseph (ed.). Philosophies Of India. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. ISBN 978-81-208-0739-6.
- Rice, Lewis (1985). Naga Varmma's Karnataka Bhasha Bhushana. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120600621.
- Rice, B. L. (2001), Gazetteer of Mysore, Asian Educational Services, ISBN 9788120609778
- Sangave, Vilas Adinath (1981), The Sacred Sravana-Belagola, Bhartiya Jnanpith Prakash, retrieved 16 November 2017
- Kshamāsāgara, Muni (2006), In quest of the self, Bhartiya Jnanpith, ISBN 9788126311668, retrieved 16 November 2017
External links[edit | edit source]
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