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{{Short description|Mughal prince (1671–1712)}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=January 2013}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=January 2013}}
{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
| name =Rafi-ush-Shan
| name         = Rafi-ush-Shan <br> {{Nastaliq|رفیع اش شان}}
| title =[[Shah]]zada of the [[Mughal Empire]]
| title       = <br> [[Shahzada (title)|Shahzada]] of the [[Mughal Empire]] <br>[[Mirza (noble)|Mirza]]<ref>[http://dawn.com/2011/01/02/past-present-emperors-new-names/ Mughal title ''Mirza''], the title of Mirza and not Khan or Padshah, which were the titles of the Mongol rulers.</ref>
| image =
| image       = Rafi - Ush- Shan.jpg
| succession =
| caption      = Portrait of Rafi-ush-Shan, c. 1704
| reign =
| succession   = [[Sindh Subah|Subahdar of Sindh]]
| birth_date = 1671
| reign       = 1707–1710
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], [[Mughal Empire]]
| reg-type    = [[Mughal emperors|Badshah]]
| death_date = 29 March {{death year and age|1712|1671}}
| regent      = [[Bahadur Shah I]]
| death_place = [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
| succession1  = [[Assam Subah|Subahdar of Assam]]
| spouse= {{Ubl|{{marriage|Raziyat-un-Nissa Begum<br>|1695}}
| reign1      = 1707–1710
| reg-type1    = [[Mughal emperors|Badshah]]
| regent1      = [[Bahadur Shah I]]
| succession2  = [[Kashmir Subah|Subahdar of Kashmir]]
| reign2      = 1710–1712
| reg-type2    = [[Mughal emperors|Badshah]]
| regent2      = [[Bahadur Shah I]]
| birth_date   = 1671
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], [[Mughal Empire]]
| death_date   = 29 March {{death year and age|1712|1671}}
| death_place = [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]]
| spouse       = {{Ubl|{{marriage|Raziyat-un-Nissa Begum<br>|1695}}
|Nur-un-Nissa Begum}}
|Nur-un-Nissa Begum}}
| issue = {{ubl|[[Rafi ud-Darajat]]<br>|[[Shah Jahan II]]<br>|[[Muhammad Ibrahim (Mughal emperor)|Muhammad Ibrahim]]}}
| issue       = {{ubl|[[Rafi ud-Darajat]]<br>|[[Shah Jahan II]]<br>|[[Muhammad Ibrahim (Mughal emperor)|Muhammad Ibrahim]]}}
| full name= Rafi-ush-Shan Mirza
| full name   = Rafi-ush-Shan Mirza
| house =[[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]]
| house       = [[Mughal dynasty]]
| father =[[Bahadur Shah I]]
| dynasty      = [[Timurid dynasty]]
| mother =[[Nur-un-nissa Begum]]
| father       = [[Bahadur Shah I]]
| religion =[[Islam]]
| mother       = [[Nur-un-nissa Begum]]
| place of burial=[[Humayun's Tomb]], [[Delhi]]
| religion     = [[Islam]]
| date of burial =
| burial_place = [[Humayun's Tomb]], [[Delhi]]
| burial_date  =  
}}
}}


'''Rafi-ul-Qadr''' (1671 – 29 March 1712{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}), better known by his title, '''Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur''', was the third son of the Mughal emperor [[Bahadur Shah I]].
'''Rafi-ul-Qadr''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: رفیع القدر) (29 – 1671 March 1712), better known by his title, '''Mirza Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur''', was the third son of the Mughal emperor [[Bahadur Shah I]].


==Life and mughal service==
==Life and mughal service==
Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur was born in delhi to Prince Muazzam (later Bahadur Shah I) and Nur-un-Nisa Begum, the daughter of Sanjar Najm-i-sani. He was 10 when he was appointed by his grandfather [[Aurangzeb]] as qiladar of [[Malakand Pass|Malakand]] until his death; then his father became emperor on 1707. he was subehdar of sindh and assam from 1707 to 1710 and kashmir from 1710 to 1712
Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur was born in Delhi to Prince [[Bahadur Shah I|Mu'azzam]] and Nur-un-Nisa Begum, the daughter of Sanjar Najm-i-sani. He was 10 when he was appointed by his grandfather [[Aurangzeb]] as [[Kiladar|''qiladar'']] of [[Malakand Pass|Malakand]].
He was killed with his elder brother [[Jahandar Shah]] by his nephew [[Farrukhsiyar]]. He was buried at Agra. His sons [[Rafi ud-Darajat]] and [[Shah Jahan II]] later became Mughal emperors of India for a brief period.
 
After the accession of his father to the Mughal throne in 1707, he was appointed the ''[[subahdar]]'' of Sindh and Assam from 1707 to 1710; and Kashmir from 1710 to 1712.
 
He was killed along with his older brother [[Jahan Shah (Mughal prince)|Jahan Shah]] in the succession struggle after the death of their father. He is buried in Agra.{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}}


==Family==
==Family==
One of his wives was Raziyat-un-nissa Begum, also known as Safiyat-un-nissa, the daughter of Prince [[Sultan Muhammad Akbar]]. He had married her in 1695 at Agra, during the same time as his brother [[Jahan Shah (Mughal prince)|Jahan Shah]] had married her sister Zakiyat-un-nissa Begum. Another was Nur-un-nissa Begum, daughter of Shaikh Baqi.She was the mother of Emperor [[Rafi ud-Darajat]]{{sfn|Irvine|1922|p=146}} and of Emperor [[Muhammad Ibrahim (Mughal emperor)|Muhammad Ibrahim]].{{sfn|Irvine|1922|p=76}}
One of his wives was Raziyat-un-nissa Begum, the daughter of Prince [[Muhammad Akbar (Mughal prince)|Muhammad Akbar]]. He had married her in 1695 at Agra, during the same time as his brother [[Jahan Shah (Mughal prince)|Jahan Shah]] had married her sister Zakiyat-un-nissa Begum. Another was Nur-un-nissa Begum, daughter of Shaikh Baqi. She was the mother of [[Rafi ud-Darajat]]{{sfn|Irvine|1922|p=146}} and [[Muhammad Ibrahim (Mughal emperor)|Muhammad Ibrahim]].{{sfn|Irvine|1922|p=76}}
 
His sons [[Rafi ud-Darajat]], [[Muhammad Ibrahim (Mughal emperor)|Muhammad Ibrahim]] and [[Shah Jahan II]] would later become Mughal emperors.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:1712 deaths]]
[[Category:1712 deaths]]
[[Category:Mughal princes]]
[[Category:Mughal princes]]
[[Category:Timurid dynasty]]
[[Category:Sons of emperors]]
[[Category:18th-century Mughal Empire people]]

Latest revision as of 08:39, 27 February 2026


Rafi-ush-Shan
رفیع اش شان

Shahzada of the Mughal Empire
Mirza[1]
Portrait of Rafi-ush-Shan, c. 1704
Subahdar of Sindh
Reign1707–1710
BadshahBahadur Shah I
Subahdar of Assam
Reign1707–1710
BadshahBahadur Shah I
Subahdar of Kashmir
Reign1710–1712
BadshahBahadur Shah I
Born1671
Delhi, Mughal Empire
Died29 March 1712 (aged 40–41)
Punjab, Mughal Empire
Burial
Humayun's Tomb, Delhi
Spouse
  • Raziyat-un-Nissa Begum
    ​
    (
    m. 1695)
  • Nur-un-Nissa Begum
Issue
Names
Rafi-ush-Shan Mirza
HouseMughal dynasty
DynastyTimurid dynasty
FatherBahadur Shah I
MotherNur-un-nissa Begum
ReligionIslam

Rafi-ul-Qadr (Persian: رفیع القدر) (29 – 1671 March 1712), better known by his title, Mirza Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur, was the third son of the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I.

Life and mughal service[edit | edit source]

Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur was born in Delhi to Prince Mu'azzam and Nur-un-Nisa Begum, the daughter of Sanjar Najm-i-sani. He was 10 when he was appointed by his grandfather Aurangzeb as qiladar of Malakand.

After the accession of his father to the Mughal throne in 1707, he was appointed the subahdar of Sindh and Assam from 1707 to 1710; and Kashmir from 1710 to 1712.

He was killed along with his older brother Jahan Shah in the succession struggle after the death of their father. He is buried in Agra.[citation needed]

Family[edit | edit source]

One of his wives was Raziyat-un-nissa Begum, the daughter of Prince Muhammad Akbar. He had married her in 1695 at Agra, during the same time as his brother Jahan Shah had married her sister Zakiyat-un-nissa Begum. Another was Nur-un-nissa Begum, daughter of Shaikh Baqi. She was the mother of Rafi ud-Darajat[2] and Muhammad Ibrahim.[3]

His sons Rafi ud-Darajat, Muhammad Ibrahim and Shah Jahan II would later become Mughal emperors.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Mughal title Mirza, the title of Mirza and not Khan or Padshah, which were the titles of the Mongol rulers.
  2. ↑ Irvine 1922, p. 146.
  3. ↑ Irvine 1922, p. 76.

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

  • Irvine, William (1922), Sarkar, Jadunath (ed.), The Later Mughals, vol. I, Calcutta: M. C. Sarkar & Sons
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