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| birth_name = Jagannathan Shivashanmugam | | birth_name = Jagannathan Shivashanmugam | ||
| birth_date = 24 February 1901 | | birth_date = 24 February 1901 | ||
| birth_place = Madras, | | birth_place = [[Madras]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br/>(now [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India) | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1975|2|17|1901|2|24}} | | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1975|2|17|1901|2|24}} | ||
| alma_mater = [[Loyola College, Chennai]] | | alma_mater = [[Loyola College, Chennai]] | ||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
| spouse = Chandra | | spouse = Chandra | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Jagannathan Shivashanmugam''' (24 February 1901 – 17 February 1975) was an Indian politician of the [[Indian National Congress]]. In 1938, he became the first [[Scheduled Caste]] [[ | '''Jagannathan Shivashanmugam''' (24 February 1901 – 17 February 1975) was an Indian politician of the [[Indian National Congress]]. In 1938, he became the first [[Scheduled Caste]] [[Mayor of Chennai|Mayor of Madras]]. He also served as the first speaker of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|Madras Legislative Assembly]] after [[Independence Day (India)|India's independence]]. | ||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
Shivashanmugam was born | Shivashanmugam was born [[Chennai|Madras]] (now [[Chennai]], the capital of [[Tamil Nadu]]) theon 24 February 1901. His father Jagannathan was a steward. Shivashanmugam had his schooling in Madras and graduated from [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]]. He completed his master's in private from the [[University of Madras]].<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio">{{cite book |author=Rāmacandra Kshīrasāgara |title=Dalit movement in India and its leaders, 1857-1956 |publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd |year=1994 |pages=294–295 |id={{ISBN|8185880433}}, {{ISBN|978-81-85880-43-3}}}}</ref> | ||
== First Speaker in independent India == | == First Speaker in independent India == | ||
The first elections to state assemblies were conducted in 1951. Since independence, the franchise had been enlarged to include all Indian citizens. Shivashanmugam was elected to the assembly and was successfully nominated as the first Speaker.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> Shivashanmugam served as the Speaker of the assembly from 1951 to 1955.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" / | The first elections to state assemblies were conducted in 1951. Since independence, the franchise had been enlarged to include all Indian citizens. Shivashanmugam was elected to the assembly and was successfully nominated as the first Speaker.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> Shivashanmugam served as the Speaker of the assembly from 1951 to 1955.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="india_government">{{cite web|title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India |url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm |publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm |archive-date= 6 October 2014 |df= }}</ref> | ||
== Later life == | == Later life == | ||
From 1955 to 1961, Shivashanmugam served as a member of the Union Public Service Commission.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> In 1962, he was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian Parliament and served as member from 1962 to 1968.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="rajyasabha_bio">{{cite book|title=Biographical Sketch - Rajya Sabha|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm|publisher=Government of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329131618/http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm|archive-date=29 March 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | From 1955 to 1961, Shivashanmugam served as a member of the [[Union Public Service Commission]].<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> In 1962, he was nominated to the [[Rajya Sabha]], the upper house of the [[Parliament of India|Indian Parliament]] and served as member from 1962 to 1968.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="rajyasabha_bio">{{cite book|title=Biographical Sketch - Rajya Sabha|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm|publisher=Government of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329131618/http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm|archive-date=29 March 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | ||
== Family == | == Family == | ||
| Line 52: | Line 52: | ||
[[Category:1901 births]] | [[Category:1901 births]] | ||
[[Category:1975 deaths]] | [[Category:1975 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Tamil Nadu | [[Category:Politicians from Tamil Nadu]] | ||
[[Category:Mayors of Chennai]] | [[Category:Mayors of Chennai]] | ||
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]] | [[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]] | ||
Latest revision as of 10:23, 1 February 2026
J. Shivashanmugam | |
|---|---|
| Born | Jagannathan Shivashanmugam 24 February 1901 |
| Died | 17 February 1975 (aged 73) |
| Alma mater | Loyola College, Chennai |
| Occupation | politician |
| Spouse(s) | Chandra |
Jagannathan Shivashanmugam (24 February 1901 – 17 February 1975) was an Indian politician of the Indian National Congress. In 1938, he became the first Scheduled Caste Mayor of Madras. He also served as the first speaker of the Madras Legislative Assembly after India's independence.
Early life[edit | edit source]
Shivashanmugam was born Madras (now Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu) theon 24 February 1901. His father Jagannathan was a steward. Shivashanmugam had his schooling in Madras and graduated from Loyola College. He completed his master's in private from the University of Madras.[1]
First Speaker in independent India[edit | edit source]
The first elections to state assemblies were conducted in 1951. Since independence, the franchise had been enlarged to include all Indian citizens. Shivashanmugam was elected to the assembly and was successfully nominated as the first Speaker.[1] Shivashanmugam served as the Speaker of the assembly from 1951 to 1955.[1][2]
Later life[edit | edit source]
From 1955 to 1961, Shivashanmugam served as a member of the Union Public Service Commission.[1] In 1962, he was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament and served as member from 1962 to 1968.[1][3]
Family[edit | edit source]
Shivashanmugam married Chandra in 1937 and has three sons and one daughter.[1][3]
Death[edit | edit source]
Shivashanmugam died on 17 February 1975 at the age of 73.[3]
Works[edit | edit source]
- History of the Adi Dravidas.
- Rajah, M. C.; J. Shivashunmugham (1930). The Life, Select Writings and Speeches of Rao Bahadur M. C. Rajah. Indian Publishing House.
- Legislative Protection of Cultivating Tenant Labourers.
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Rāmacandra Kshīrasāgara (1994). Dalit movement in India and its leaders, 1857-1956. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp. 294–295. ISBN 8185880433, ISBN 978-81-85880-43-3.
- ↑ "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India". Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Biographical Sketch - Rajya Sabha. Government of India. Archived from the original on 29 March 2008.
| Preceded by K. Sriramulu Naidu |
Mayor of Madras 1937-1938 |
Succeeded by K. Venkataswamy Naidu |