48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra: Difference between revisions

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#REDIRECT [[48 kos parikrama]]
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[[File:48_kos_parikrama.jpg|thumb| Map with description of 48 kos parikrama (approx. 96 miles circle) around the holy city of Kurukshetra, displayed at [[Kurukshetra#Places of interest|Ban Ganga/Bhishma Kund]]]]
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'''48 kos parikrama''' is a [[Hindi]] phrase meaning a 48 [[Kos (unit)|kos]] circumambulation [[parikrama]] ([[pilgrimage]]) of various [[Mahabharata]]-related and other [[vedic period|vedic]] era  [[Tirtha (Hinduism)|tirthas]] ([[Hindu]] sacred sites) around the holy city of [[Kurukshetra]] in the state of [[Haryana]], India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kurukshetra.nic.in/MAPs/ReligiousMap/map.jpg |title=Kurukshetra map |website=kurukshetra.nic.in |access-date=24 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625103022/http://www.kurukshetra.nic.in/MAPs/ReligiousMap/map.jpg |archive-date=25 June 2016 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name="hartour">{{cite web | url=http://haryanatourism.gov.in/showpage.aspx?contentid=5106 | title=Haryana Tourism | access-date=24 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="cmhry">{{cite web | url=http://haryanacmoffice.gov.in/newsupdates/details/id/737 | title=Development of all pilgrimage sites located within a radius of 48 kos (miles) of Kurukshetra would be carried out |date=11 October 2015| publisher=Chief Minister's Office, Haryana | access-date=24 July 2016}}</ref><ref name="harekrsna">{{cite web | url=http://www.harekrsna.com/sun/features/05-12/features2460.htm | title=The 48 Kos Kurukshetra Region | publisher=harekrsna.com | access-date=24 July 2016}}</ref> There are several pilgrimages around the city of kurukshetra and a complete parikrama means to visit all these pilgrimages. The picture depicts the complete map of all these sites.
}}
 
Since this is a site associated with the [[vedic era]] Lord [[Krishna]] and [[mahabharata]], it is an important place of [[pilgrimage]] for [[Hindu]]s. It is one of 3 main pilgrimage sites related to ''"Krishna"'' circuit, namely ''"48 kos parikrama of Kurukshetra"'' in Haryana, ''"[[Vraja Parikrama|Braj parikarma]]"'' in [[Mathura]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]] state and "''[[Dwarkadhish Temple#Pilgrimage|Dwarka parkarma]]"'' (Dwarkadish yatra) at [[Dwarkadhish Temple]] in [[Gujarat]] state.
 
==Kurukshetra Development Board ==
{{ anchor | Kurukshetra Development Board | KDB }}
 
'''Kurukshetra Development Board''' (KDB) was established to develop the ''48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra'', its tirthas and related activities.<ref name=tir16/>
 
==Main sites==
 
===Hindu and Jain pilgrimage===
 
Lord Krishna, [[Kaurava]] and [[Pandava]] visited and lived in this area, and it is revered as their [[Karma]] [[Bhūmi]] (most sacred land of virtuous deeds) also related to the [[Classical element#Classical elements in Hinduism|five classical elements of Hinduism]] called [[Pancha Tattva (Vaishnavism)|Pancha Tattva]]. [[Brahma Sarovar]] is the focal site of this circuit, which can be subdivided into various other itineraries.
 
Within Kurukshetra, along with Brahma Sarovar, other important sites are [[Jyotisar]] (place of ''"Gitaupadesha"'' -  the first [[Upadeśa]] or discourse of [[Bhagavad Gita]] by Lord Krishna)<ref>[http://www.kurukshetra.nic.in/tour/Religious/tirath/Kurukshetra/014-joytisar/index.htm Jyotisar] Kurukshetra district website.</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Jyotisar | publisher=[[Haryana Tourism Corporation Limited]] | url = http://haryanatourism.gov.in/showpage.aspx?contentid=5326 | access-date = 2014-08-08 }}</ref> and [[Sannihit Sarovar]] ([[Hindu genealogy registers at Kurukshetra, Haryana|Hindu genealogy registers of Kurukshetra]] are kept here).<ref name=gene2>{{cite web | title = Tirath in Kurukshetra - Sannehit Sarovar|publisher=Kurukshetra district website | url = http://www.kurukshetra.nic.in/tour/Religious/tirath/Kurukshetra/011-sanhitsarovar/index.htm | access-date = 2014-08-08  }}</ref> Pilgrims also visit the Bhishama kund, Surya kund and [[Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple]] (where [[Pandavas]] along with [[Krishna]] prayed to [[Shiva]] and received his blessings for victory in the battle of [[Mahabharata]])<ref name="Prasad2010">{{cite book|author=Dev Prasad|title=Krishna: A Journey through the Lands & Legends of Krishna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o0_5caqiUH0C&pg=PT216|year=2010|publisher=Jaico Publishing House|isbn=978-81-8495-170-7|pages=216–}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Religious Places in Kurukshetra: Sthaneswar Mahadev Mandir | url = http://www.kurukshetra.nic.in/tour/Religious/tirath/Kurukshetra/029-stahniswar/index.htm|publisher=Kurukshetra District website| access-date = 2014-08-08 }}</ref>
 
In addition, pilgrims also visit [[Pehowa]], where the most revered sites are [[Pehowa#Sarasvati Temple|Saraswati tirtha]] and [[Pehowa#Prithudak Teerth|Prithudak tirtha]], which is an ancient city and its religious significance is mentioned in several [[puranas]], such as [[Skanda Purana]] (1st to 5th century CE), [[Markandeya Purana]] (4th to 6th century CE) and [[Vamana Purana]] (5th to 11th century CE).<ref>[https://www.jagran.com/haryana/kurukshetra-kurukshetra-development-board-can-get-the-responsibility-of-saraswati-tirtha-18917222.html Kurukshetra Development Board can get the responsibility of Saraswati Tirtha], Dainik Jagran, 4 Feb 2019.</ref>
 
In [[Yamunanagar district]], [[Kapal Mochan]] (Kapal Mochan (visited by Lord [[Rama]])<ref>[http://yamunanagar.nic.in/km/hist.asp yamunanagar.nic.in]: ''History of Kapal Mochan''</ref> and [[Adi Badri, Haryana|Sri Sarasvati Udgam Tirath at Adi Badri]] (place where deified mother goddess [[Sarasvati]] is revered because the sacred [[Sarasvati River]] enters the plains from the foothills of [[sivalik Hills|shivalik]] range) are also important sacred sites.
 
Many pilgrims like to trace their genealogy going back hundreds of generation, trace prior visits by their ancestors and record their own visit in the [[Hindu genealogy registers at Haridwar#Kurukshetra, Haryana|Hindu genealogy registers of Kurukshetra]] and [[Pehowa#Genealogy registers|Hindu genealogy registers of Pehowa]] maintained by ''Pandas'' (professional genealogists).<ref name=gen2>[http://www.overseasindian.in/2007/dec/news/20072712-183237.shtml Tracing your Asian roots] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426041339/http://www.overseasindian.in/2007/dec/news/20072712-183237.shtml |date=26 April 2017 }} www.overseasindian.in.</ref><ref name=gen3>[http://www.movinghere.org.uk/galleries/roots/asian/countries/lds.htm Hindu Pilgrimage Marriage Records] ''www.movinghere.org.uk''.</ref><ref name=gen4>[https://www.indiatimes.com/culture/travel/10-places-across-the-world-that-help-you-trace-your-ancestors-249825.html 10 Places Across The World That Help You Trace Your Ancestors], India Times, 29 Jan 2016.</ref>
 
; List of most important sacred sites
* Kurukshetra: Brahma Sarovar, Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple, Sannihit Sarovar, Jyotisar, [[Hindu genealogy registers at Kurukshetra, Haryana|Hindu genealogy registers of Kurukshetra]]
* Pehowa: Saraswati tirtha and Prithudak tirtha
* Yamunanagar district: Kapal Mochan and Adi Badri
 
===Buddhist pilgrimage===
 
{{ see | History_of_Haryana#Buddhism | l1= Buddhist pilgrimage sites in Haryana }}
 
[[Buddha]] had visited Sthaneshwar and gave discourse on the banks of Brahma Sarovar where a [[Bodh Stupa]] was built.<ref name=":0"/> Stupa has five structures of brunt brick,  first three from [[Kushan Empire|Kushana]] period, 4th from [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] period, and the last from [[Vardhana dynasty|Verdana]] period and later medieval period. During [[Harshavardhana]] reign, a 3 meters wide compound wall was built.<ref name=":0" />
 
For the [[Buddhist]] pilgrims, the most important sites are Brahma Sarovar and the [[Bodh Stupa]] on its northwestern flank. Other [[History of Haryana#Buddhism|Buddhist pilgrimage sites]] nearby Buddhist sites include Chaneti, Topra, and [[Adi Badri, Haryana|Adi Badri Sharirika stupa]]. Many pilgrims prefer to follow the path taken by Buddha along [[Grand Trunk Road]] in Haryana. [[Stupa]]s, [[pagoda]]s and places in the order of travel by Lord [[Buddha]] are:
* From [[Mathura]] in Uttar Pradesh, Buddha travelled along [[Grand Trunk Road]] in Haryana (also see [[History of Haryana#Buddhism|Buddhist pilgrimage sites in Haryana]]).
* [[Kumashpur#Pagoda|Kamashpura Aastha Pugdal Pagoda]] (Kumashpur) in Sonipat city, the place where Buddha gave [[Mahasatipatthana sutta]].<ref name=kamas2>[https://patthana.dhamma.org/en/dhamma-patthana/ Dhamma patthana], dhamma.org.</ref><ref name=kamas1>[http://sdbst.org/Kumaspur.aspx Aastha Pugdal Pagoda at Kumaspur (Kamas Nigam in Sonepat], SDBST.</ref>
* [[Assandh#Assandh Stupa|Assandh Kushan stupa]] at [[Assandh]] in [[Karnal district]]
* [[Bodh Stupa|Kurukshetra Stupa]] on the banks of sacred [[Brahma Sarovar]] in Kurukshetra city was also visited by [[Hieun Tsang]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://thebuddhistforum.com/buddhist-stupa-at-kurukshetra/|title=Buddhist Stupa At Kurukshetra|date=2012-03-31|website=The Buddhist Forum|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-20}}</ref>
* [[Topra Kalan#Topra Ashokan Edicts Archaeological Park and Museum|Topra]] between Kurukshetra and Yamunanagar, now has a large open air museum park housing several replica of [[Ashoka]]'s edicts including largest [[Ashoka Chakra]] in the world,<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/khattar-announces-rs100-cr-to-develop-saraswati-topra-kalan/65676.html Khattar announces Rs100 cr to develop Saraswati, Topra Kalan, The Tribune, 11-Apr-2015]</ref><ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-park-for-ashoka-stalled-2270801 Park for Ashoka stalled?, DNA India News, 7-Nov-2016]</ref> original site of Ashokan pillar which was moved to [[Feroz Shah Kotla]] in Delhi in 1356 CE by [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]].<ref>HM Elliot & John Dawson (1871), [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924073036737#page/n367/mode/2up Tarikh I Ferozi Shahi - Records of Court Historian Sams-i-Siraj] [[The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians]], Volume 3, Cornell University Archives, pp 352-353</ref>
* [[Srughna]], now known as the [[Sugh Ancient Mound]], on outskirts of Yamunanagar city
* [[Chaneti Buddhist Stupa]], on outskirts of Yamunanagar city, according to [[Hieun Tsang]] it was built by the [[Ashoka|King Ashoka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.haryanatourism.gov.in/Destination/buddhist-stupa-chaneti|title=Buddhist Stupa Chaneti - Places of interest - Yamuna Nagar - Haryana Tourism Corporation Limited.|last=Corporation|first=Haryana Tourism|website=destination|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-08-25|archive-date=15 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815200234/http://haryanatourism.gov.in/Destination/buddhist-stupa-chaneti|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archaeologyharyana.nic.in/sites/default/files/documents/signage-matter-5-12-17.pdf|title=Buddhist Stupa, Chaneti, Yamunanagar (Buddhist Stupa), circa 3rd Century BC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thebuddhistforum.com/buddhist-stupa-at-chaneti/|title=Buddhist Stupa At Chaneti|date=2012-03-31|website=The Buddhist Forum|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-25}}</ref>
 
===Sikh pilgrimage===
 
Several [[Sikh gurus]] had visited Sthaneshwar, Pehowa and Kapal Mochan for the holy dip. 
 
In Kurukshetra, [[Sikh]] pilgrims visit Brahma Sarovar and the ''"Gurudawara Pehli Patshai"'' (just next to [[Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple]] on the south bank of Brahma Sarovar where the ninth Guru [[Tegh Bahadur]] stayed at). Following the trail of Sikh gurus, the pilgrims also visit [[Pehowa]] as well as Kapal Mochan. Kapal Mochan was visited by [[Guru Nanak]] and [[Guru Gobind Singh]] after [[Battle of Bhangani]] in 1688 CE.<ref name=GS>{{cite book|title=Sikh shrines in India|last=G.S.|first=Randhir|year=1990|publisher=The Director of Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|location=New Delhi|pages=42–43}}</ref><ref>Charitar 71, Charitar of Kapal Mochan, Charitropakhyan, Dasam Granth, Guru Gobind Singh</ref>
 
Other important Sikh pilgrimage sites are [[Sadaura#History|Sadaura]], [[Lohgarh (Bilaspur)|Lohgarh]] (capital of [[Banda Singh Bahadur]])<ref>{{Cite book|first=Dr. Ganda |last=singh|title=Banda Singh Bahadur(in Punjabi|publisher=Sikh Itihaas Research Board, SGPC, AMRITSAR|year=1964}}</ref> and Badkhalsa in Sonipat (where [[Kushal Singh Dahiya|Bhai Kushal]] offered his head to retrieve Guru Teg Bhadur's head  beheaded by [[mughals]] so that it can be taken to [[Anandpur Sahib]]}.<ref name="pioneer">{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2017/state-editions/cm-unveils-statue-of-kushal-singh-dahiya.html|title=CM unveils statue of Kushal Singh Dahiya|last=Pioneer|first=The|work=The Pioneer|access-date=2018-11-27|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9oYHCC7FTYwC&pg=PA171|title=Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur|last=Singh|first=Darshan|date=2003|publisher=Anamika Publishers & Distributors|isbn=9788179750322|language=en}}</ref>
 
===Genealogy registers ===
{{ Anchor | Gene | Genealogy | Registers | Genealogy registers | Genealogy Registers }}
{{ see also | Indian_rituals_after_death#Genealogy | l1 = Genealogy registers of Indian-origin religions }}
 
[[Hindu genealogy registers at Kurukshetra, Haryana|Hindu genealogy registers of Kurukshetra]]  are kept at [[Pehowa]] and [[Sannihit Sarovar]].<ref name=gene2/>
 
===Number of visitors ===
{{ Anchor | Visitors | No | Footfall }}
{{ see also | Yatra }}
 
In 2019, over 40 lakh (4 million) people had attended the Gita Mahotsav festival in December.<ref name=tir16/>
 
==Tirtha development ==
{{anchor | Dev | Development | Tirtha  development }}
 
Govt is undertaking steps to [[Adi Badri, Haryana#Revival|revive ancient Sarasati river]], develop [[ghat]]s and in-situ plantation of [[Sacred trees#Panchavati|panchavati trees]].<ref name=tree1/> Visitors facilities such as roads, shades, water, toilet, landscaping, parking, cafe, interpretation centres etc. are also being developed.
 
The Panchavati trees, are [[sacred trees|trees scared]] to Indian-origin religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, such trees are the Vata ([[ficus benghalensis]], Banyan), Ashvattha ([[ficus religiosa]], Peepal), Bilva ([[aegle marmelos]], Bengal Quince), Amalaki ([[phyllanthus emblica]], Indian Gooseberry, Amla), Ashoka ([[Saraca asoca]], Ashok), Udumbara ([[ficus racemosa]], Cluster Fig, Gular), Nimba ([[Azadirachta indica]], Neem) and Shami ([[prosopis spicigera]], Indian Mesquite).<ref name=vati1>[https://greenmesg.org/nature/trees/sacred/panchavati_trees.php Panchvati trees], greenmesg.org, accessed 26 July 2021.</ref> See also [[sacred groves of India]].
 
From June 2014 to July 2021, ₹31.48 crore have been spent by the Haryana government on the development and upgrade of 81 tirathas of '48-kos parikrama'. Improving the standard of cleanliness of tiraths has been raised an issue. [[Ghat]]s, and visitor facilities, such as toilet, shelter, water, parking, etc. are being developed.<ref name=d21>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/cleanliness-of-tiraths-a-challenge-in-haryana-101627412369348.html Cleanliness of tiraths a challenge in Haryana], Hindustan Times, 27 July 2021.</ref>
 
In 2021, it was announced that to develop Kurukshetra as a cultural hub, the by the [[Government of India]] will develop the [[Buddhist_pilgrimage_sites_in_India#Haryana|Buddha Haryana circuit]] and a Sikh museum in Kurukshetra as all 10 [[Sikh gurus]] and Lord [[Buddha]] had made [[yatra]] (pilgrimage) to Kurukshetra.<ref name=d21/>
 
==List of pilgrimage sites in 48 kos parikrama==
 
At least 134 [[Tirtha (Hinduism)|Tirthas]] {sacred sites) have been identified.<ref name=tree1>[https://m.jagran.com/haryana/panchkula-scheme-for-students-in-haryana-plant-trees-get-10-extra-marks-21865531.html Scheme for students in haryana plant trees get 10 extra marks], Dainik Jagran, 26 July 2021.</ref> Some of the pilgrimages are listed below:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kurukshetra.nic.in/bulkdata/pdf/tirthalist.pdf |title=Tirthas of dist. Kurukshetra |website=kurukshetra.nic.in |access-date=24 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305091416/http://kurukshetra.nic.in/bulkdata/pdf/tirthalist.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
===Tirthas of [[Kurukshetra district]]===
{{see also | Kurukshetra#Tourism | l1 = Tourism in Kurukshetra}}
 
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1. Arunai tirtha, [[Arunai]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
2. Prachi tirtha, [[Pehowa]]<br/>
3. [[Pehowa#Sarasvati Temple|Saraswati tirtha]], Pehowa<br/>
4. Brahmayoni tirtha, Pehowa<br/>
5. [[Pehowa#Prithudak Teerth|Prithudak tirtha]], Pehowa<br/>
6. Shalihotra tirtha, [[Sarsa, Kurukshetra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
7. Bhisma Kund, [[Narkatari]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
8. Ban Ganga, [[Dyalpur, Kurukshetra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
9. Kulotaran Tirtha, [[Kirmich]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
10. [[Brahma Sarovar]], Kurukshetra where [[Hindu genealogy registers at Kurukshetra, Haryana|Hindu genealogy registers]] are kept and [[Kurukshetra Panorama and Science Centre]] and [[Dharohar Museum]] are nearby.<br/>
11. [[Sannihit Sarovar]], Kurukshetra:<br/>
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12.[[ Bhadrakali Temple, Kurukshetra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
13. Aditi Tirtha and Abhimanyu ka Tila, [[Abhimanyupur]]<br/>
14. [[Jyotisar]]: The famous site where SGitaupadesha ([[Bhagavad Gita]] was revealed) to Arjuna under the tree.<br/>
15. Som Tirtha, [[Sainsa]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
16. Shukra Tirtha, [[Sataura]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
17. Galav Tirtha, [[Guldehra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
18. Saptasarsvta Tirtha, [[Mangna]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
19. Brhma Tirtha (Brahma Sthan), [[Thana, Kurukshetra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
20. Som Tirtha, [[Gumthala Garhu]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
21. Manipurak Tirtha, [[Murtjapur, Kurukshetra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
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22. [[Bhor Saidan#Bhurishrava Tirtha|Bhurishrava Tirtha]], [[Bhor Saidan]]<br/>
23. Lomash Tirtha, [[Lohar Majra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
24. Kamyak Tirtha, [[Kamauda]]<br/>
25. Aapga Tirtha, [[Mirjapur, Kurukshetra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
26. Karan ka Tila, Mirjapur<br/>
27. Nabhikamal, [[Thanesar]]<br/>
28. Rantuk Yaksha, [[Bid Pipli]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
29. [[Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple]]<br/>
30. Ojas Titha, [[Samsipur]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
31. Renuka Tirtha, [[Ranacha]]<br/>
32. [[Bhor Saidan]]
 
{{col-end}}
 
===Tirthas of [[Jind district]]===
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32. [[Bhuteshwar tirtha, Jind]]<br/>
33. Ekhamsa tirtha, [[Ikkas]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
34. Ramhrad tirtha, [[Ramrai, Haryana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
35. Sannehit tirtha, Ramrai<br/>
36. Pushkar tirtha, [[Pohkeri Kheri]]<br/>
37. [[Pindara Temple|Som tirtha, Pindara]]<br/>
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38. Varahakalan tirtha, [[Braha Kalan]]<br/>
39. Ashwinikumar tirtha, [[Aasan, Haryana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
40. Jamdagni tirtha, [[Jamni]]<br/>
41. Yayati tirtha, [[Kalwa, Haryana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
42. Panchnanda tirtha (Hatkeshwar tirtha), Haat<br/>
43. Sarpadadhi tirtha, [[Safidon]]: by 2021 ₹1.08 crore was spent on Hansraj tirtha development at Safidon.<ref name=d21/><br/>
44. Hansraj tirtha, Safidon: by 2021 ₹1.08 crore was spent on tirtha development.<ref name=d21/><br/>
45. Khatwanesghwar, [[Narwana]]: by 2021 ₹1 crore was spent on tirtha development.<ref name=d21/><br/>
 
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44. Sarpadaman tirtha, Safindon<br/>
45. Kayashodan tirtha, [[Kasuhan]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
46. Vamsamulam tirtha, [[Barsola]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
47. Khageshwar tirtha, [[Khadalwa]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
48. Ramsar tirtha, [[Kuchrana Kalan]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
49. Lohrishi/Lokodwar tirtha, [[Lodhar]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
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===Tirthas of [[Panipat district]]===
50. Tarntauk Yaksha, [[Sinkh]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.-->
 
===Tirthas of [[Kaithal district]]===
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51. Pawanhrad tirtha, [[Pabnawa]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
52. [[Falgu tirtha]], [[Faral]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
53. Pawaneshwar tirtha, Pharal<br/>
54. [[Kapil Muni tirtha]], [[Kalayat]]<br/>
55. Pundrik tirtha, [[Pundri]]<br/>
56. Trivishtap tirtha, [[Tyontha]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
57. Kotikut tirtha, Kyodak / [[Keorak]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.-->: by 2021 ₹1.02 crore was spent on tirtha development.<ref name=d21/><br/>
 
58. Banteshwar tirtha, [[Barot, Haryana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
59. Namish tirtha, [[Nauch, Haryana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
60. Vedvati tirtha, [[Balwanti]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
61. [[Vridkedar tirtha]], [[Kaithal]]<br/>
62. Sarak tirtha, [[Shergarh, Kaithal]]<br/>
63. Manush tirtha, [[Manas, Kaithal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
64. Navadurga tirtha, [[Devigarh, Kaithal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
65. [[Kaithal#Shree Gyarah Rudri Mandir|Gyaraharudri tirtha]], Kaithal<br/>
66. Aapga tirtha, [[Gadli]]<br/>
67. Juhomi tirtha,[[ Hajwana]]<br/>
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68. Vishnupada tirtha, [[Barsana, Kaithal]]<br/>
69. Yajnasanjna tirtha, [[Geong]]<br/>
70. Kapilmuni tirtha, [[Kaul, Kaithal|Kaul]]<br/>
71. Kulotaran tirtha, Kaul<br/>
72. Garhratheshwar tirtha, Kaul<br/>
73. Matri tirtha, [[Rasulpur, Kaithal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
74. {{anchor | Suryakunda | Habri | Jyotinagar | Habri Suryakunda | Jyotinagar Suryakunda }}Suryakunda tirtha, Habri (Jyotinagar colony): by 2021 ₹67 lakh was spent on tirtha development, more budget will be spent as it was still in the initial stage of development.<ref name=d21/><br/>
75. Havya tirtha, Bhana<br/>
76. Chakramani tirtha, [[Sherda]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.-->: by 2021 ₹1 crore was spent on tirtha development, second phase of which was still underway.<ref name=d21/><br/>
77. Rasamangal tirtha, [[Songhal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.-->: by 2021 ₹1.30 crore was spent on development of Kukrityanshan and Rasamangal tirhtas. Ghats conference hall, toilet were built.<ref name=d21/><br/>
 
78. Mukteshwar tirtha, [[Mator, Kaithal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.-->: by 2021 ₹1.92 crore was spent on tirtha development.<ref name=d21/><br/>
79. Sritirtha, [[Kasan, Kaithal|Kasan]],
80. Srikunja tirtha, [[Banpura]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
81. Ekshumati tirtha, [[Theh Polar]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
82. Sutirtha tirtha, [[Sontha]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
83. Brahmavarta tirtha, [[Brabhavat]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
84. Aruntak Yaksha, [[Beharjaksha]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
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85. Sringi Rishi tirtha/ Shankhni Devi tirtha, [[Sangan, Kaithal|Sangan]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
86. Gobhwan tirtha, [[Guhana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
87. Suryakunda, [[Sajuma]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
88. Seetvan/Swaragdwara tirtha, [[Siwan, Kaithal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
89. Brombhodumber tirtha, [[Shila Kheri]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
90. Anyajanma tirtha, [[Deoda Kheri]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
91. Devi tirtha, [[Kalsi, Kaithal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
92. Dhruvakunda tirtha, [[Dherdu]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
93. Kukrityanashan tirtha, [[Kaukat]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.-->: by 2021 ₹1.05 crore was spent on development of Kukrityanshan and Rasamangal tirthas.<ref name=d21/><br/>
 
94. Kavya tirtha, [[Karoda]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
95. Lavakusha tirtha, [[Mundri]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
96. Vamana tirtha, [[Sounghal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
97. Rinmochan tirtha, [[Rasina, Kaithal|Rasina]]
98. Alepak tirtha, [[Shakra]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
99. Devi tirtha, [[Mohna]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
100. Gandharva tirtha, [[Gohran Kheri]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
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===Tirthas of [[Karnal district]]===
{{see also | Adityas | l1= List of Sun deities and temples }}
 
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101. Vedvati tirtha, [[Sitamai]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
102. Mishrak tirtha, [[Nisang]]<br/>
103. Aahan tirtha, [[Nigdu]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
104. Trigunananda tirtha, [[Guniyana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
105. Pawan tirtha, [[Uplana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
106. Jambunand tirtha, [[Jabala]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
107. Dasshswamedha tirtha, [[Salwan, Karnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
108. Dhankshetra tirtha, [[Assandh]]<br/>
109. [[Assandh#Assandh Stupa|Jarasandha ka kila, Assandh]]<br/>
110. Vimalsar tirtha, [[Saga, Karnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
111. Dasaratha tirtha/Raghvendra tirtha/Surya kund,[[ Aaugandh]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
112. Prithavi tirtha, [[Balu, Karnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
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113. Parashar tirtha, [[Bahalolpu]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.-->r<br/>
114. Daksheshwar tirtha, [[Dachar]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
115. Vyasa Sthali, [[Basthali]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
116. Goutam rishi/ Gavendra tirtha, [[Gondar, Karnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
117. Brahma tirtha, [[Sawant, Karnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
118. Akshyavata tirtha, [[Badthal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>
119. Falgu tirtha, [[Fafdana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
120. Jyesthashrama tirtha, [[Borshyam]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
121. Koti tirtha, Borshyam<br/>
122. Surya tirtha, Borshyam<br/>
123. Vishnuhrad (Vishnupad) Vamnak tirtha, Borshyam<br/>
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124. Brahma tirtha, [[Rasalwa]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
125. Anjani tirtha, [[Anjanthali]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
126. Jamdagni tirtha, [[Jalmana]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
127. Sudin and Narvada tirtha, [[Omkar ka Khera]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
128. Tripurari tirtha, [[Tigri, Karnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
129. Som tirtha, [[Samana Bahu]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
130. Chuchukaranva tirtha, [[Chorkarsa]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
131. Koti tirtha, [[Kurnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
132. Panchdeva tirtha, [[Pada, Karnal]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/>: by 2021 ₹64 lakh was spent on tirtha development for construction of five ponds, a ghat and shelter.<ref name=d21/><br/>
 
133. Prokshini tirtha, [[Patnapuri]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
134. Kaushiki tirtha, [[Koyar]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation.--><br/><br/>
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==Festivals ==
 
Majority of the tourists visit Kurukshetra during sacred events, specifically [[Amavasya|Somvati Amavasya]], [[solar eclipse]], [[Gita Mahotsav]] and to perform post-death rituals only.<ref name=tir16/>
 
===Gita Mahotsav ===
 
[[Gita Mahotsav|International Gita Mahotsav]] (on varying dates in November or December based on the [[Vikram Samvat]] lunar calendar), [[Saraswati|Saraswati Jayanti]] (also known as the [[Vasant Panchami]], on the fifth day of spring around February or March) and [[Holi]] festivals are celebrated at [[Brahma Sarovar]] every year. During the International Gita Mahotsav, more than 300 national and international stalls are set up around the Brahma Sarovar.<ref name=asiankuru1>[https://www.asianage.com/travel/101219/the-kurukshetra-trail.html The Kurukshetra trail!], Asian Age, 10 Dec 2019.</ref>
 
=== Gita Deepotsav ===
 
Jyotisar is one of the important site where the [[Gita Mahotsav|Gita International Festival]] is held every year in December. This also entails a '''Gita Deepotsav''' (Gita festival of lights) during which hundreds of thousands of traditional earthen [[Diya (lamp)|diya]] lamps are lit on the banks of Brahma Sarovar, Sannihit Sarovar and Jyotisar Sarovar. For example, 300,000 lamps were lit in December 2020.<ref name=tir10>[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/3l-diyas-to-light-up-kurukshetra-on-december-25-188216 3L diyas to light up Kurukshetra on December 25], The Tribune, 23 Dec 2020.</ref>
 
=== Revival of tirtha festivals ===
{{anchor | Laddu | Chana | Channa | Chieckpea | Chana Laddu | Desi channa laddu | Desi Channa Laddu statue | Prasad | Prasada | Prasadam}}
{{ see also | List of Hindu festivals }}
 
Historically each of more than 134 tirthas in the 48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra use to have own unique festival. With passage of time, several of this tirthas have faded into oblivion and several such festivals have become extinct. To conserve the religious and cultural heritage these tirtha-specific festivals and fairs will be revived. This will also boost the local economy. In order to revive, the Kurukshetra Development Board (KDB) is identifying the fairs and religious events held at each tirthas (pilgrimage sites).<ref name=tir16>[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/fairs-at-tirthas-in-five-haryana-districts-to-be-revived-300872 Fairs at ‘tirthas’ in five Haryana districts to be revived], The Tribune, 23 Aug 2021.</ref>
 
=== Kurukshetra Prasadam - Channa laddu speciality prasadam ===
{{anchor | Laddu | Chana | Channa | Chieckpea | Chana Laddu | Desi channa laddu | Desi Channa Laddu statue | Prasad | Prasada | Prasadam}}
{{see also | Bhog | Naivedya | Geographical indication }}
 
Just like [[Mathura peda]] as [[prasāda]] (consecrated food offered as blessing) is a specialty of Braj Krishna circuit in Mathura area, the sweet ''[[laddu]]'' made from the roasted ''[[Chickpea#desi|channa]]'' (Indian chichpea) will be used as the geo-[[specialty food]] prasāda of various tirthas within ''48 kos kurukshetra prikarma''. This will be called '''Kurukshetra Prasadam'''. Compared to other sweets such as [[barfi]] or [[peda]], the laddu does not spoil easily and has a longer shelf life at room temperature. Kurukshetra Developent Board {KDB) has advised all the sweet shops if any tourist or pilgrim asks for prasad then only chana laddoo must be given. KDB will open 5 shops of its own to sell ''channa laddu'' as ''Kurukshetra Prasadam''.<ref name=tir14>[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/chana-laddoo-to-be-kurukshetra-prasadam-49618 Chana laddoo to be ‘Kurukshetra prasadam’, The Tribune, 1 March 2020.]</ref>
 
==See also==
; General
* [[Hindu pilgrimage sites in India]]
 
; Krishna related pilgrimages
* [[Vraja Parikrama]]
* [[Dwarka]]
 
; Other religious
* [[Adi Badri, Haryana]]
* [[Dhosi Hill]]
* [[Kapal Mochan]]
* [[Hindu pilgrimage sites in India]]
* [[Yatra#Famous_yatras|Famous Hindu yatras]]
* [[List of Hindu festivals]]
* [[Padayatra]]
* [[Ratha Yatra]]
* [[Tirtha (Hinduism)|Tirtha]]
* [[Tirtha and Kshetra]]
 
; Vedic era
* [[King Kuru]]
* [[Cemetery H culture]]
* [[Painted Grey Ware culture]]
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
* [https://www.google.co.in/maps/search/48+kos+temples+near+Haryana/@29.6630682,76.3926217,10z/data=!3m1!4b1 Google Maps search results for phrase "48 Kos temples near Haryana"]
 
{{Hindu temples in Haryana}}
{{48 kos parikrama of Kurukshetra}}
{{Mahabharata}}
{{Haryana}}
 
[[Category:48 kos parikrama of Kurukshetra| ]]
[[Category:Kurukshetra]]
[[Category:Hindu pilgrimage sites in India]]

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