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| | #REDIRECT [[Gandhara]] |
| {{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
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| [[File:Gāndhāra (Ga).jpg|thumb|Gāndhāra (Ga)]] | |
| '''Gāndhāra/Gāndhār/Gandhar/Gandhara''' is the 3rd [[svara]] from the seven svaras of [[Hindustani music]] and [[Carnatic music]].<ref>https://raag-hindustani.com/Notes.html</ref> Gandhara is the long form of the syllable ग.<ref>https://brainly.in/question/4916824</ref> For simplicity in pronouncing while singing the syllable, Gandhara is pronounced as Ga (notation - G). It is also called as गान्धार or गंधार in the [[Devanagri]] script.
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| ==More information and importance of Gandhara==
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| The following is the information about Gandhara and its importance in [[Indian classical music]] :
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| * Gandhara is the third svara in an octave or [[Saptak]].
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| * Gandhara is the immediate next svara of [[Ṛiṣabha]] (Re).
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| * The [[svara]] of Gandhara is Komal and Shuddha.
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| * It is said that Sadja is the basic svara from which all the other 6 svaras are produced. When we break the word Sadja then we get, Shad And Ja. It means that Shad is 6 and ja is 'giving birth' in [[marathi (language)|Marathi]].<ref>https://saxonianfolkways.wordpress.com/2013/01/30/the-7-shadows-of-shadja</ref> So basically the translation is :
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| '''षड् - 6, ज -जन्म . Therefore, it collectively means giving birth to the other 6 notes of the music.'''
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| So the svara Ga is formed from [[Sadja]].
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| * The frequency of Gandhara is 300 Hz. The frequencies of the 7 svaras are also given below: Sa 240 Hz, Re 270 Hz, Ga 300 Hz, Ma 320 Hz, Pa 360 Hz, Dha 400 Hz, and Ni 450 Hz, Sa 480 Hz (Taar Saptak) ........ (and so on).
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| Consequently, the Ga after the Re of 540 Hz (Taar Saptak) has a frequency of 600 Hz i.e. the double of the Lower octave Ga.
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| * There are [[Shruti]]'s of Gandhara. Previously the main Shruti, not only for Ga but for all the other svaras, was on the last Shruti but now it is considered to be on the 1st Shurti.
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| For example, if these are the 2 Shruti's of Ga then,
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| '''Previously this was the position of the main Shruti of Ga'''.
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| '''^'''
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| '''1 2'''
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| ''' ^'''
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| '''But now this position has become the main Shruti of Ga'''.
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| * All the other svaras except Sadja(Sa) and Pancham (Pa) can be {{lang|hi-Latn|komal}} or {{lang|hi-Latn|tivra svaras}} but Sa and Pa are always Shuddha svaras. And hence svaras Sa and Pa are called '''Achal Svaras''' , since these svaras don't move from their original position. Svaras Ra, Ga, Ma, Dha, Ni are called '''Chal Svaras''', since these svaras move from their original position.
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| '''Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni - Shuddha Svaras'''
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| '''Re, Ga, Dha, Ni - Komal Svaras'''
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| '''Ma - {{lang|hi-Latn|Tivra Svaras}}'''
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| * Ragas from [[Kafi Thaat]], [[Asavari Thaat]], [[Todi Thaat]] and [[Bhairavi Thaat]] have Komal Gandhara, rest of the [[thaat]]s have Shuddha Gandhara.
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| * Ragas where Ga is the Vadi svara - Raga [[Kafi (raga)]], raga [[Bageshri]], raga [[Bhoopali]] etc. Ragas where Ga is the Samvadi svara - Raga [[Sohni]], etc.
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| * Hypothetically speaking, Ga is said to be the Gandharvas, Gandharvas as in, the three main gods, [[Bhrama]], [[Vishnu]] and [[Shiva]] were first created i.e. Sakar Bhrama (Sa) and then these three gods created Rishimuni i.e. Re and then [[Gandharvas]] were created for singing. Ga is made the acronym of [[Gandharvas]] for showing the importance of the syllable Ga.<ref>https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-significance-of-Seven-Sur-Sa-Re-Ga-Ma-Pa-Dha-Ni-Sa-in-music</ref>
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| * Gandhara is said to be sourced from the bleating of a [[goat]].<ref>https://adharashadja.wordpress.com/2017/03/21/swara-and-shruti/#:~:text=SHRUTIS</ref><ref>https://www.dollsofindia.com/library/raga_ragini/</ref>
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| * Gandhara is associated with the planet [[Sun]].<ref>https://adharashadja.wordpress.com/2017/03/21/swara-and-shruti/#:~:text=SHRUTIS</ref>
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| * Gandhara is associated with [[Golden (colour)|Golden]] colour.<ref>https://adharashadja.wordpress.com/2017/03/21/swara-and-shruti/#:~:text=SHRUTIS</ref>
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| ==See also==
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| * [[List of Ragas in Hindustani classical music]]
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| * [[Svara]]
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| * [[Shruti (music)]]
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| * [[Chalan (music)|Chalan]]
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| * [[Ṣaḍja]] (Sa)
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| * [[Ṛiṣabha]] (Re)
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| * [[Madhyama (music)]] (Ma)
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| * [[Panchama]] (Pa)
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| * [[Dhaivat]] (Dha)
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| * [[Niṣāda]] (Ni)
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| ----
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| [[Ga (svara)]]
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| [[Category:Indian classical music]]
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| [[Category:Musical notation]]
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| [[Category:Musical scales]]
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| [[Category:Hindustani music terminology]]
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| [[Category:Carnatic music terminology]]
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