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{{ | {{short description|Hindu caste in South India}} | ||
{{pp-extended|small=yes}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}} | ||
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| caste_name = Munnuru Kapu | | caste_name = Munnuru Kapu | ||
| country = India | | country = India | ||
| region = Telangana | | region = [[Telangana]] | ||
| languages =[[Telugu language|Telugu | | languages =[[Telugu language|Telugu]] | ||
| religions = Hinduism | | religions = Hinduism<ref name=PP/> | ||
|population = | |population = | ||
}} | |classification=[[Other Backward Classes]] (OBC) }} | ||
'''Munnuru Kapu''' is a [[ | '''Munnuru Kapu''' is a [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-speaking caste primarily found in the Indian state of [[Telangana]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Iv5s-qwMw30C&q=Munnuru |title=People of India: Andhra Pradesh |date=1992 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-7671-006-0 |pages=846 |language=en |author-link=Kumar Suresh Singh}}</ref> This caste belongs to the [[Other Backward Class]] (OBC) category added by the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]] . <ref>[http://www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in/obc/faq/andhrapradesh.pdf Central List of OBCs for the state of Andhra Pradesh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130151355/http://www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in/obc/faq/andhrapradesh.pdf|date=30 November 2016}}, p. 4 (80 - Munnuru Kapu (Telangana))</ref> Traditionally, they are a community of cultivators and are distributed across Telangana.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wBNDAAAAYAAJ&q=Munnuru |title=Proceedings - Indian History Congress |date=2006 |publisher=[[Indian History Congress]] |language=en}}</ref> They are also present in [[Nanded district|Nanded]] and [[Latur district|Latur]] districts of [[Maharashtra]].<ref name="PP">{{Cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Kumar Suresh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BsBEgVa804IC&dq=Munnuru+Kapu&pg=PA1495 |title=People of India - Maharashtra |last2=Bhanu |first2=B. V. |date=2004 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7991-101-3 |series=2 |volume=30 |pages=1495, 1500 |language=en |author-link=Kumar Suresh Singh}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&dq=Munnuru+Kapu&pg=PA1407 |title=Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles |date=1996 |publisher=[[Anthropological Survey of India]] |isbn=978-0-19-563357-3 |pages=699 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
Munnuru Kapus are described as an economically and politically prominent community of Telangana.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Reddy |first=R. Ravikanth |date=2022-06-07 |title=Caste engineering in Telangana |language=en-IN |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/caste-engineering-in-telangana/article65504508.ece |access-date=2023-05-01 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XgqCAAAAMAAJ&q=Munnuru+Kapu |title=Political Science Review |date=1980 |publisher=Department of Political Science, University of Rajasthan. |pages=96 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2018 |title=How votes are caste in Telangana |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/elections/telangana-elections/2018/nov/22/how-votes-are-caste-in-telangana-1901616.html |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref> In the [[2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|2018 Telangana Assembly]], Munnuru Kapus were the third largest caste in terms of representation on unreserved seats with eight [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLAs]]; next only to [[Reddy]] and [[Velama]] communities.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhargav |first=Nimmagadda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NAymEAAAQBAJ&dq=Munnuru+Kapu&pg=PT48 |title=Stringers and the Journalistic Field: Marginalities and Precarious News Labour in Small-Town India |date=2023-02-28 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-000-84035-3 |language=en}}</ref> Some members of the community have also ventured into industry and business, and became established businessmen like [[B. V. Rao]], [[Vikram Akula]], and Myadam Kishan Rao,P.Shiva Shankar (Union Minister) ,Amdiyala Sriramulu (freedom fighter).<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> | |||
== Etymology == | |||
''Munnuru'' means three hundred.<ref name=":3" /> and ''Kapu'' means cultivator or protector in [[Telugu language|Telugu]]. According to some writers, Telangana being a rocky area and deficient in water, has acute [[water scarcity]]. The Kapus who were water diviners (Munnuru = Mun + Neeru = water diviner) were said to have been called Munnuru Kapus.<ref name=":6">Kantha Rao, M. L. (July 1999), ''A Study of the Socio-Political Mobility of the Kapu Caste in Modern Andhra'', University of Hyderabad, p. 82. hdl:10603/25437</ref> | |||
Another version of the etymology also exists. As per some other writers, 300 [[Kapu (caste)|Kapu]] families migrated to present-day Telangana in the medieval period and they came to be called as ''Munnuru Kapus'' ({{Translation|Kapus of the three hundred families}}). | |||
== Geographical distribution == | |||
Munnuru Kapus are distributed mostly in [[Telangana]].<ref name=":5" /> They are also present in few numbers in [[Nanded district|Nanded]] , [[Latur district|Latur]] , Yavatmal , Chandrapur districts of [[Maharashtra]]<ref name="PP" /><ref name=":7" /> | |||
Munnuru Kapus are also settled in North America ( USA and Canada) refer to MANA (Munnuru Kapu Association of North America ): [https://mana-usa.org/ MANA] | |||
== History == | |||
Traditionally, they are a community of cultivators and large sections of them are still into agriculture.<ref name=":5" /> several served as village [[Patel]]s, an official who maintained law and order in the village. Some have also risen to a high status as landlords and Zamindars, but the majority are ordinary cultivators.<ref name=":6" /> | |||
A considerable portion of the Munnurus over the years have entered government service or become traders.<ref name=":6" /> Some members of the community have also ventured into industry and business, and became established businessmen like [[B. V. Rao]], [[Vikram Akula]], and Myadam Kishan Rao.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> | |||
== Notable people == | |||
* ''' [[Sripathi Rajeshwar Rao]] ''' TDP FORMER MINISTER & FORMER MLA (Sanathnagar) & Senior Leader in HYDERABAD & United AP. | |||
* [[B. V. Rao]], founder of the [[V H Group]] (Venky's) and father of Indian [[Poultry farming|poultry industry]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Damodaran |first=Harish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=92F7DwAAQBAJ&dq=Munnuru+Kapu&pg=PT155 |title=India's New Capitalists: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation |date=2018-11-25 |publisher=Hachette India |isbn=978-93-5195-280-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Father of Indian poultry industry remembered2">{{cite web |date=7 November 2013 |title=Father of Indian poultry industry remembered |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/father-of-indian-poultry-industry-remembered/article5324594.ece |accessdate=25 September 2015 |work=The Hindu}}</ref> | |||
* [[Vikram Akula]], founder of [[SKS Microfinance]]<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2010-10-12 |title=Lunch with BS: Vikram Akula, SKS Microfinance |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/lunch-with-bs-vikram-akula-sks-microfinance-110101200062_1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721190444/https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/lunch-with-bs-vikram-akula-sks-microfinance-110101200062_1.html |archive-date=21 July 2013 |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=[[Business Standard]] |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
* Myadam Kishan Rao, founder of Bambino Agro (maker of Bambino Vermicelli)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Damodaran |first=Harish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=92F7DwAAQBAJ&dq=Munnuru+Kapu&pg=PT155 |title=India's New Capitalists: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation |date=2018-11-25 |publisher=Hachette India |isbn=978-93-5195-280-0 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
* [[P. Shiv Shankar]], served as Union Minister of [[Minister of External Affairs (India)|External Affairs]], [[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)|Law]], [[Ministry of Power (India)|Power]], and [[Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas|Petroleum]] and as [[List of governors of Sikkim|Governor]] of [[Sikkim]] and [[Kerala]] states<ref>{{Cite news |date=2008-11-15 |title=Shiv Shankar appointed PRP manifesto panel chairman |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/shiv-shankar-appointed-prp-manifesto-panel-chairman/articleshow/3717763.cms |access-date=2023-05-08 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> | |||
* [[Bandi Sanjay Kumar|Bandi Sanjay]], [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Central Minister of State for Home Affairs]] (2024{{En dash}}present)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Sinha |first=Akash |date=21 January 2022 |title=Bandi Sanjay Kumar episode: What BJP really hopes to gain from the controversy in Telangana |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/bandi-sanjay-kumar-episode-what-bjp-really-hopes-to-gain-from-the-controversy-in-telangana/2411442/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]] |language=en}}</ref> | |||
* [[Dharmapuri Arvind]], [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]] from [[Nizamabad Lok Sabha constituency|Nizamabad]]<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> | |||
* [[K. Laxman]], politician<ref name=":0" /> | |||
* [[V. Hanumantha Rao]], former president of [[Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee|APPCC]] in Erstwhile Andhra Pradesh. | |||
* [[Konda Surekha]], Cabinet minister in [[Government of Telangana|Telangana Government]] | |||
* [[Gadwal Vijayalakshmi]], current mayor of [[Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation]] (GHMC) | |||
* [[D. Srinivas (politician)|D. Srinivas]], politician, former Cabinet minister in Erstwhile [[Government of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh Government]] and former president of [[Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee|APPCC]] | |||
* [[Ponnala Lakshmaiah]], former IT minister of Erstwhile Andhra Pradesh<ref name=":0" /> | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[ | * [[Kapu (caste)]] | ||
* [[Patel]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
| Line 21: | Line 56: | ||
[[Category:Social groups of Telangana]] | [[Category:Social groups of Telangana]] | ||
[[Category:Other Backward Classes]] | [[Category:Other Backward Classes]] | ||
[[Category:Social groups of Maharashtra]] | |||
[[Category:South Indian communities]] | |||
Latest revision as of 08:52, 14 December 2025
| Munnuru Kapu | |
|---|---|
| Classification | Other Backward Classes (OBC) |
| Religions | Hinduism[1] |
| Languages | Telugu |
| Country | India |
| Region | Telangana |
Munnuru Kapu is a Telugu-speaking caste primarily found in the Indian state of Telangana.[2] This caste belongs to the Other Backward Class (OBC) category added by the Government of Andhra Pradesh . [3] Traditionally, they are a community of cultivators and are distributed across Telangana.[4] They are also present in Nanded and Latur districts of Maharashtra.[1][5]
Munnuru Kapus are described as an economically and politically prominent community of Telangana.[6][7][8] In the 2018 Telangana Assembly, Munnuru Kapus were the third largest caste in terms of representation on unreserved seats with eight MLAs; next only to Reddy and Velama communities.[9] Some members of the community have also ventured into industry and business, and became established businessmen like B. V. Rao, Vikram Akula, and Myadam Kishan Rao,P.Shiva Shankar (Union Minister) ,Amdiyala Sriramulu (freedom fighter).[10][11]
Etymology[edit | edit source]
Munnuru means three hundred.[2] and Kapu means cultivator or protector in Telugu. According to some writers, Telangana being a rocky area and deficient in water, has acute water scarcity. The Kapus who were water diviners (Munnuru = Mun + Neeru = water diviner) were said to have been called Munnuru Kapus.[12]
Another version of the etymology also exists. As per some other writers, 300 Kapu families migrated to present-day Telangana in the medieval period and they came to be called as Munnuru Kapus (transl. Kapus of the three hundred families).
Geographical distribution[edit | edit source]
Munnuru Kapus are distributed mostly in Telangana.[4] They are also present in few numbers in Nanded , Latur , Yavatmal , Chandrapur districts of Maharashtra[1][5]
Munnuru Kapus are also settled in North America ( USA and Canada) refer to MANA (Munnuru Kapu Association of North America ): MANA
History[edit | edit source]
Traditionally, they are a community of cultivators and large sections of them are still into agriculture.[4] several served as village Patels, an official who maintained law and order in the village. Some have also risen to a high status as landlords and Zamindars, but the majority are ordinary cultivators.[12]
A considerable portion of the Munnurus over the years have entered government service or become traders.[12] Some members of the community have also ventured into industry and business, and became established businessmen like B. V. Rao, Vikram Akula, and Myadam Kishan Rao.[10][11]
Notable people[edit | edit source]
- Sripathi Rajeshwar Rao TDP FORMER MINISTER & FORMER MLA (Sanathnagar) & Senior Leader in HYDERABAD & United AP.
- B. V. Rao, founder of the V H Group (Venky's) and father of Indian poultry industry[10][13]
- Vikram Akula, founder of SKS Microfinance[11]
- Myadam Kishan Rao, founder of Bambino Agro (maker of Bambino Vermicelli)[14]
- P. Shiv Shankar, served as Union Minister of External Affairs, Law, Power, and Petroleum and as Governor of Sikkim and Kerala states[15]
- Bandi Sanjay, Central Minister of State for Home Affairs (2024–present)[6][16]
- Dharmapuri Arvind, MP from Nizamabad[6][16]
- K. Laxman, politician[6]
- V. Hanumantha Rao, former president of APPCC in Erstwhile Andhra Pradesh.
- Konda Surekha, Cabinet minister in Telangana Government
- Gadwal Vijayalakshmi, current mayor of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC)
- D. Srinivas, politician, former Cabinet minister in Erstwhile Andhra Pradesh Government and former president of APPCC
- Ponnala Lakshmaiah, former IT minister of Erstwhile Andhra Pradesh[6]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Singh, Kumar Suresh; Bhanu, B. V. (2004). People of India - Maharashtra. 2. Vol. 30. Popular Prakashan. pp. 1495, 1500. ISBN 978-81-7991-101-3.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Singh, K. S. (1992). People of India: Andhra Pradesh. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 846. ISBN 978-81-7671-006-0.
- ↑ Central List of OBCs for the state of Andhra Pradesh Archived 30 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine, p. 4 (80 - Munnuru Kapu (Telangana))
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Proceedings - Indian History Congress. Indian History Congress. 2006.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Singh, K. S. (1996). Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 699. ISBN 978-0-19-563357-3.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Reddy, R. Ravikanth (7 June 2022). "Caste engineering in Telangana". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
- ↑ Political Science Review. Department of Political Science, University of Rajasthan. 1980. p. 96.
- ↑ "How votes are caste in Telangana". The New Indian Express. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
- ↑ Bhargav, Nimmagadda (28 February 2023). Stringers and the Journalistic Field: Marginalities and Precarious News Labour in Small-Town India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-84035-3.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Damodaran, Harish (25 November 2018). India's New Capitalists: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation. Hachette India. ISBN 978-93-5195-280-0.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Lunch with BS: Vikram Akula, SKS Microfinance". Business Standard. 12 October 2010. Archived from the original on 21 July 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Kantha Rao, M. L. (July 1999), A Study of the Socio-Political Mobility of the Kapu Caste in Modern Andhra, University of Hyderabad, p. 82. hdl:10603/25437
- ↑ "Father of Indian poultry industry remembered". The Hindu. 7 November 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
- ↑ Damodaran, Harish (25 November 2018). India's New Capitalists: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation. Hachette India. ISBN 978-93-5195-280-0.
- ↑ "Shiv Shankar appointed PRP manifesto panel chairman". The Times of India. 15 November 2008. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Sinha, Akash (21 January 2022). "Bandi Sanjay Kumar episode: What BJP really hopes to gain from the controversy in Telangana". The Financial Express. Retrieved 1 May 2023.