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| {{Short description|2023 Survey in Bihar, India}}
| | #REDIRECT [[2022 Bihar Caste-Based Survey]] |
| {{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
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| {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
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| {{Infobox census
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| | name = Bihar caste-based Survey, 2022
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| | logo = Seal of Bihar.svg
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| | logo_caption = Seal of Bihar
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| | image = Nitish Kumar inaugurating caste based census in 2023 part 2.jpg
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| | image_caption = Chief Minister Nitish Kumar inaugurating caste based census in 2023
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| | region = [[Bihar]]
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| | date = January 2023 - August 2023
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| | population = 130,725,310<ref name="Survey data out">{{Cite news|title=Bihar caste survey data out: What it says|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/bihar-caste-census-data-8965210/|website=The Indian Express|language=en|date=2 October 2023}}</ref>
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| | percent_change =
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| | region_type = District
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| | most_populous =
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| | least_populous =
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| | additional_label1 = [[Religion in India|Religion]]
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| | additional_data1 = {{ubl|81.99% [[Hinduism]]|17.70% [[Islam]]|0.08% [[Buddhism]]|0.06% [[Christianity]]|0.01% [[Jainism]]|0.01% [[Sikhism]]|0.13% Others}}
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| | additional_label2 = [[Forward caste|General caste]]
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| | additional_data2 = 20,291,679 (15.52%)
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| | additional_label3 = [[Other Backward Class]]<br/>Extremely Backward Class
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| | additional_data3 = 35,463,936 (27.13%)<br/>47,080,514 (36.01%)
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| | additional_label4 = [[Scheduled Castes]]
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| | additional_data4 = 25,689,820 (19.65%)
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| | additional_label5 = [[Scheduled Tribes]]
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| | additional_data5 = 2,199,361 (1.68%)
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| | previous_census =
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| | previous_year =
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| | next_census =
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| | next_year =
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| | authority = [[Government of Bihar]]
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| | website =
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| }}
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| The '''2022 Bihar Caste-based survey''' was notified by the Government of Bihar on 6 June 2022 by gazette notification after a Supreme Court ruling.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tewary|first=Amarnath|date=2023-01-20|title=Bihar caste survey : Nitish Kumar welcomes Supreme Court decision|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nitish-kumar-welcomes-scs-dismissal-of-pleas-against-bihar-caste-survey/article66413552.ece|access-date=2023-02-14|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=2023-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214160633/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nitish-kumar-welcomes-scs-dismissal-of-pleas-against-bihar-caste-survey/article66413552.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/t10-january-21-2023/6-let-the-caste-count-begin/articleshow/97181146.cms|title=Let the caste count begin|newspaper=The Times of India|date=20 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date= 20 March 2023|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230320103836/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/t10-january-21-2023/6-let-the-caste-count-begin/articleshow/97181146.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The survey was conducted in two phases, house listing and caste and economic enumeration. The data collection for the survey began on 7 January 2023 and the data was released on 2 October 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2023-01-06|title=Bihar caste census to begin from January 7|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-caste-census-survey-to-begin-from-january-7/article66346339.ece|access-date=2023-02-14|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=2023-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214160627/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-caste-census-survey-to-begin-from-january-7/article66346339.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Survey data out"/> The responsibility to conduct the survey was given to the General Administration Department (GAD) of the Government of Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/second-phase-of-caste-census-starts-in-bihar-101681601188589.html|title=Second phase of caste census starts in Bihar|date=16 April 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=14 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230614203118/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/second-phase-of-caste-census-starts-in-bihar-101681601188589.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The government planned to collect the data digitally by mobile application named Bijaga- ''Bihar Jaati Adharit Ganana''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/patna/bihar-caste-survey-officials-directed-to-complete-data-entry-by-today-evening-8890630/|title=Bihar caste survey: Officials directed to complete data entry by today evening, says Patna DM}}</ref> BELTRON ([[Bihar State Electronics Development Corporation Ltd.]]), a [[Government of Bihar]] agency provided IT support,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/pending-in-sc-questions-survey-census-privacy-issues-8965681/|title=Pending in SC: Questions on if it is survey or census, privacy issues}}</ref> hired the services of a Maharashtra-based private firm Trigyn Technologies to develop the mobile app.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/ground-reports/no-caste-without-code-bihar-census-is-counting-writing-new-identity-politics/1530962/|title=No caste without code—Bihar is counting and writing a new identity politics|date=21 April 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=2 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502073621/https://theprint.in/ground-reports/no-caste-without-code-bihar-census-is-counting-writing-new-identity-politics/1530962/|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| The Bihar government spent nearly Rs 5,000,000,000 in this work from its contingency fund (Bihar Aakasmikta Nidhi),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/bihar-caste-based-census-to-be-finished-by-february-2023-cabinet-101654177609459.html|title=Bihar caste-based census gets cabinet nod, to be completed by February 2023|date=2 June 2022|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215061136/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/bihar-caste-based-census-to-be-finished-by-february-2023-cabinet-101654177609459.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Apart from government employees, Anganwadi workers and Jeevika Didi also worked to complete the survey till given target of May 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Caste-based survey to begin in Bihar from Jan 7 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/caste-based-survey-to-begin-in-bihar-from-jan-seven-2317937-2023-01-05|access-date=2023-02-14|website=India Today|language=en|archive-date=2023-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214162250/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/caste-based-survey-to-begin-in-bihar-from-jan-seven-2317937-2023-01-05|url-status=live}}</ref> A portal was prepared for caste-based enumeration in Bihar. The digital work for caste-based enumeration in Bihar was entrusted to a Delhi-based company Trigyn Technologies.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/bihar-government-considers-mop-up-round-for-caste-based-survey-after-complaints-of-exclusion-by-enumerators-101691857091553.html|title=Bihar caste survey: Govt mulls mop-up round for those left out}}</ref> The survey counted the 214 castes on Bihar government list.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/expectations-high-among-villagers-tepid-response-among-urbanites-to-bihar-s-caste-based-survey-101673803008840.html|title=Expectations high among villagers, tepid response among urbanites to Bihar's caste-based survey|date=15 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214173740/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/expectations-high-among-villagers-tepid-response-among-urbanites-to-bihar-s-caste-based-survey-101673803008840.html|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the list, 22 were counted in [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]], 32 in [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]], 30 in [[Other Backward Class|Backward Classes]], 113 in Extremely Backward Classes and 7 in Upper Castes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/patna-city-caste-suvey-in-bihar-patna-had-the-highest-population-of-ahirs-kurmis-and-babhans-100-years-ago-23026260.html|title=पटना में 100 साल पहले सबसे अधिक अहीर, कुर्मी और बाभन की थी आबादी; इस बार होगी इन 204 जातियों की गणना|access-date=2023-02-14|archive-date=2023-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214174332/https://www.jagran.com/bihar/patna-city-caste-suvey-in-bihar-patna-had-the-highest-population-of-ahirs-kurmis-and-babhans-100-years-ago-23026260.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| [[File:Nitish Kumar inaugurating caste based census in 2023 in his ancestral village of Bakhtiarpur with his family members part3.jpg|thumb|Nitish Kumar in conversation with the officials conducting caste based survey, in his ancestral village of Bakhtiarpur on 15 April 2023.]]
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| ==First phase==
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| The first phase of caste-based survey started in Bihar from January 7, 2023, which ended on January 21.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/caste-survey-2-60-crore-families-identified-in-bihar-till-january-20/articleshow/97216990.cms|title=Caste survey: 2.60 crore families identified in Bihar till January 20|newspaper=The Times of India|date=22 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214181744/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/caste-survey-2-60-crore-families-identified-in-bihar-till-january-20/articleshow/97216990.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The number of all households in the State were counted and recorded in the first phase.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-caste-survey-phase-1-done-form-for-next-phase-still-being-finalised/article66435951.ece |title=Phase 1 completed, form for next stage still being finalised |newspaper=The Hindu |date=26 January 2023 |last1=Lakshman |first1=Abhinay |access-date=14 February 2023 |archive-date=14 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214162456/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-caste-survey-phase-1-done-form-for-next-phase-still-being-finalised/article66435951.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> The second phase will be calculated on the basis of the data of the first phase. All the data collected in the first phase is uploaded on this portal and these data will be available to the enumerators and supervisors at the time of second enumeration on the mobile app. In the first phase, more than two and a half crore families were counted In the first phase of caste census, census workers reached about 25,890,497 families across Bihar in 38 districts, which have 534 blocks and 261 urban local bodies and numbered the houses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/india/caste-based-census-first-phase-begins-in-bihar-over-2-58-cr-families-across-38-districts-to-be-counted/videoshow/96816215.cms|title=Caste-based Census: First phase begins in Bihar; over 2.58 cr families across 38 districts to be counted|date=7 January 2023|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215080950/https://m.economictimes.com/news/india/caste-based-census-first-phase-begins-in-bihar-over-2-58-cr-families-across-38-districts-to-be-counted/videoshow/96816215.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> In the first phase, the name of the head of the family and the number of members living there were recorded.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/nitish-kumar-launches-caste-based-survey-says-people-will-be-hugely-benefitted-after-recognition-of-their-economic-status/articleshow/96820227.cms|title=Nitish Kumar launches caste-based survey, says people will be hugely benefitted after recognition of their economic status|newspaper=The Times of India|date=7 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214181556/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/nitish-kumar-launches-caste-based-survey-says-people-will-be-hugely-benefitted-after-recognition-of-their-economic-status/articleshow/96820227.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> More than 5.18 lakh personnel were engaged in the caste census of the first phase which began on January 7. Survey of 14.35 lakh families was done in Patna district, left out families can give information to District Caste Enumeration Cell.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/bihar-caste-survey-people-staying-in-joint-families-want-them-listed-as-separate-family-units-for-govt-doles-101674666757116.html|title=Bihar caste survey: People staying in joint families want them listed as separate family units for govt doles|date=25 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214172022/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/bihar-caste-survey-people-staying-in-joint-families-want-them-listed-as-separate-family-units-for-govt-doles-101674666757116.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| ==Second phase==
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| [[File:Nitish Kumar inaugurating caste based census in 2023 part 1.jpg|thumb|Chief Minister of Bihar, Nitish Kumar inaugurating second phase of caste based survey on 15 April 2023, from his ancestral village, Bakhtiarpur.]]
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| In second phase of the survey, which is to start from April 15 and end on May 15,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Monu |first=Sanjay Kumar |date=2023-03-18 |title=Bihar Caste-Based Survey Second Phase Starts on April 15 |url=https://www.muzcorner.in/2023/03/bihar-caste-based-survey-second-phase.html |access-date=2023-03-18 |website=Muzcorner |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318134711/https://www.muzcorner.in/2023/03/bihar-caste-based-survey-second-phase.html |url-status=live }}</ref> people living in the households, their castes, sub-castes, socio-economic conditions etc. will be collected. The survey will end on May 31, 2023. In this phase, over 3.04 lakh enumerators will ask respondents 17 questions, including caste.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/203-castes-in-bihar-to-choose-from-as-2nd-leg-of-survey-begins-april-15-101679588703223.html|title=203 castes in Bihar to choose from as 2nd leg of survey begins April 15|date=23 March 2023|access-date=25 March 2023|archive-date=25 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325143629/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/203-castes-in-bihar-to-choose-from-as-2nd-leg-of-survey-begins-april-15-101679588703223.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Every enumerator has been given a target to reach out to 150 households. While all 17 questions are mandatory, filling Aadhaar number, caste certificate number and ration card number of the head of the family, are optional.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-caste-based-survey-2nd-phase-form-ready-enumerators-being-trained-statisticians-worry-about-data-integrity/article66668067.ece|title=As Bihar readies for caste survey, statisticians worry about data|newspaper=The Hindu|date=27 March 2023|access-date=30 March 2023|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330011603/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bihar-caste-based-survey-2nd-phase-form-ready-enumerators-being-trained-statisticians-worry-about-data-integrity/article66668067.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> Bihar government has set different codes for 215 different castes of the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/caste-code-in-bihar-jatigat-janganana-know-about-jati-code-list-of-bihar-caste-census-second-phase-skt|title=बिहार में 215 जातियों का कोड जारी, जातीय जनगणना के लिए अपनी जाति का कोड जानिए|date=5 April 2023|access-date=5 April 2023|archive-date=5 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405170838/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/caste-code-in-bihar-jatigat-janganana-know-about-jati-code-list-of-bihar-caste-census-second-phase-skt|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/bihar-caste-census-starting-counting-people-with-cast-census-or-jati-janganna-with-caste-religion-code-coding-2023-04-05|title=Bihar Caste Census : जातिगत गणना में 'अ'धर्म का भी कोड, 214 जातियां हैं...कोड-1 की जाति का नाम जानते हैं?|access-date=2023-04-05|archive-date=2023-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405170837/https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/bihar-caste-census-starting-counting-people-with-cast-census-or-jati-janganna-with-caste-religion-code-coding-2023-04-05|url-status=live}}</ref> The sub-categories of a particular caste concerned have been merged into one single social entity,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/bhumihar-or-bhumihar-brahmin-in-bihar-caste-census-from-today-caste-code-in-caste-census-of-bihar-for-bhumihar-2023-04-15|title=Bihar Caste Census 11 : इस श्रेणी के ब्राह्मण कह रहे भूमिहार कोई जाति नहीं, आज से हो रही जातीय जन-गणना|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516113138/https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/bhumihar-or-bhumihar-brahmin-in-bihar-caste-census-from-today-caste-code-in-caste-census-of-bihar-for-bhumihar-2023-04-15|url-status=live}}</ref> and they have one numerical caste code for use during the month-long second phase of caste-based headcount.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/sub-categories-of-castes-merged-given-code-for-caste-based-survey/articleshow/99281038.cms?from=mdr|title=Bihar: Sub-categories of castes merged, given code for caste-based survey|newspaper=The Times of India|date=6 April 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=13 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713043046/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/sub-categories-of-castes-merged-given-code-for-caste-based-survey/articleshow/99281038.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}</ref> At the same time, there will be special strictness regarding the registration of names in this phase. If someone tries to write the name twice, now the app will mark such people. The names of people living outside the state will also be registered.
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| On 15 April 2023, [[Nitish Kumar]] launches 2nd phase of caste-based survey from his ancestral home at [[Bakhtiarpur|Bakhtiyarpur]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/nitish-kumar-launches-2nd-phase-of-caste-based-survey-from-his-ancestral-home-at-bakhtiyarpur/articleshow/99522418.cms|title=Nitish Kumar launches 2nd phase of caste-based survey from his ancestral home at Bakhtiyarpur|newspaper=The Times of India|date=15 April 2023|access-date=16 April 2023|archive-date=16 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416071711/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/nitish-kumar-launches-2nd-phase-of-caste-based-survey-from-his-ancestral-home-at-bakhtiyarpur/articleshow/99522418.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bihar-chief-minister-nitish-kumar-launches-2nd-phase-of-caste-based-survey-from-his-hometown-bakhtiyarpur-3951233|title=Nitish Kumar Launches 2nd Phase Of Caste-Based Survey From His Hometown|access-date=2023-04-16|archive-date=2023-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416054621/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bihar-chief-minister-nitish-kumar-launches-2nd-phase-of-caste-based-survey-from-his-hometown-bakhtiyarpur-3951233|url-status=live}}</ref> Newborns born from January 22, 2023 till the end of the second phase are not counted.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/bihar/begusarai-caste-census-in-bihar-children-of-this-age-are-not-being-included-caste-based-census-5946917.html|title=Caste Census In Bihar: जाति आधारित गणना में इस उम्र के बच्चों को नहीं किया जा रहा शामिल, जानिए वजह|date=21 April 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=28 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428100428/https://hindi.news18.com/news/bihar/begusarai-caste-census-in-bihar-children-of-this-age-are-not-being-included-caste-based-census-5946917.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Nitish Kumar informed that once the data work is completed, the report of the caste-based survey would be tabled in the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly|Bihar Vidhan Sabha]] and the [[Bihar Legislative Council|Bihar Vidhan Parishad]]. After that the report would be made public. The work of the second phase of counting will be done from April 15 to May 15, 2023 in all 261 urban local bodies and 534 blocks.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/in-bihar-census-caste-code-for-third-gender-community-triggers-row/article66710725.ece|title=In Bihar census, caste code for 'third gender' community triggers row|newspaper=The Hindu|date=7 April 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=3 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603043308/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/in-bihar-census-caste-code-for-third-gender-community-triggers-row/article66710725.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 16, 2023, the data entry work of caste-based census was completed.
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| {|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
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| |+ class="nowrap" | List of 17 questions in second phase
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| ! S.No !! Question
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| | 1 || full name of family member
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| | 2 || Father's / Husband's name
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| | 3 || relation to the head of the family
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| | 4 || age (in years)
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| | 5 || gender
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| | 6 || marital status
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| | 7 || Religion
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| | 8 || caste
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| | 9 || temporary migration status (place of work or study, whether within or outside state, country or abroad)
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| |-
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| | 10 || educational qualifications (pre-primary to post master’s degree)
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| | 11 || profession [ranges from government to private job in organised or unorganised sector, self-employed, farmer (owner of farm land), agricultural labourer, construction labourer, other labourer, skilled labourer, beggar, rag-picker, student, housewife to those having no work]
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| |-
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| | 12 || ownership of computer/laptop (with or without internet connectivity)
| |
| |-
| |
| | 13 || motor vehicle (two-wheeler, three-wheeler, four-wheeler, six-wheeler or more, tractor)
| |
| |-
| |
| | 14 || agricultural land (area from 0-50 decimals to 5 acres and above)
| |
| |-
| |
| | 15 || residential land (area from 5 decimals land to 20 decimals and above; flat owner in a multi-storied apartment)
| |
| |-
| |
| | 16 || monthly income from all sources(ranging from a minimum 0- {{INR}} 6,000 to a maximum {{INR}} 50,000 and above)
| |
| |-
| |
| | 17 || residential condition (pucca/thatched house, hutment or homeless)
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ==Anecdote and protests==
| |
| In April 2023, there was an incident during the caste census that around 40 women in a red-light area of Ward No. 7 in Bihar's [[Arwal district]] declared a man named Roopchand as their husband. Some of them even mentioned name Roopchand as their father's name and children's name.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/40-women-one-husband-bihar-caste-census-rupchand-2364873-2023-04-26|title=40 women, one husband: Bihar caste census stumbles upon Roopchand|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503062205/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/40-women-one-husband-bihar-caste-census-rupchand-2364873-2023-04-26|url-status=live}}</ref> When questioned, it was found that Roopchand is not a man. The people of this area call money Roopchand.
| |
| | |
| In some places such as [[Masaurhi]] and Dhanarua in Patna district , members of Lohar (blacksmith) community boycotted the caste survey saying that [[Bihar Government]] wants to categorise it under either Lohra/Lohara or [[Kamar (caste)|Kamar]] (carpenter) caste.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/patna/caught-between-loharas-kamars-bihars-lohars-shun-caste-survey-8588309/|title=Caught between Loharas & Kamars, Bihar’s Lohars shun caste survey|website=Indian express|accessdate=17 July 2023|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719122856/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/patna/caught-between-loharas-kamars-bihars-lohars-shun-caste-survey-8588309/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| ==Legal battle==
| |
| On 20 January 2023, [[Supreme Court of India]] refused to entertain various pleas challenging Bihar Government's notification to conduct caste-based census in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tewary |first=Amarnath |date=2023-01-20 |title=Bihar caste survey {{!}} Nitish Kumar welcomes Supreme Court decision |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nitish-kumar-welcomes-scs-dismissal-of-pleas-against-bihar-caste-survey/article66413552.ece |access-date=2023-02-14 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=2023-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214160633/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nitish-kumar-welcomes-scs-dismissal-of-pleas-against-bihar-caste-survey/article66413552.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/patna/sc-pleas-bihar-governments-caste-survey-8393622/|title=SC allows caste census, says how else will Bihar fix quota|date=20 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214162802/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/patna/sc-pleas-bihar-governments-caste-survey-8393622/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sc-rejects-pleas-against-bihar-caste-census-calls-them-publicity-litigation-101674213641883.html|title=Pleas against caste census in Bihar merely for publicity: Supreme Court|date=20 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214164343/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sc-rejects-pleas-against-bihar-caste-census-calls-them-publicity-litigation-101674213641883.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The pleas against caste-based survey were filed by many petitioners, including [[Youth For Equality]] group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/why-we-need-the-bihar-caste-census-8699418/|title=Why we need the Bihar caste census|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802202526/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/why-we-need-the-bihar-caste-census-8699418/|url-status=live}}</ref> Chief Minister of Bihar [[Nitish Kumar]] said that the exercise is not caste census, instead its a caste survey.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/its-caste-survey-not-census-bihar-cm-nitish-kumar-on-plea-in-top-court/articleshow/96925356.cms|title=It's caste survey, not census: Bihar CM Nitish Kumar on plea in top court|newspaper=The Times of India|date=12 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214164347/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/its-caste-survey-not-census-bihar-cm-nitish-kumar-on-plea-in-top-court/articleshow/96925356.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/sc-plea-has-no-meaning-ours-is-caste-survey-not-census-nitish/articleshow/96926795.cms|title=SC plea has no meaning, ours is caste survey not census: Nitish|newspaper=The Times of India|date=12 January 2023|access-date=14 February 2023|archive-date=14 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214164348/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/sc-plea-has-no-meaning-ours-is-caste-survey-not-census-nitish/articleshow/96926795.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thewire.in/government/caste-count-not-census-in-bihar-to-avoid-legal-complications-nitish-kumar|title=Caste 'Count', Not 'Census', in Bihar to Avoid Legal Complications: Nitish Kumar|access-date=2023-02-14|archive-date=2023-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214172237/https://thewire.in/government/caste-count-not-census-in-bihar-to-avoid-legal-complications-nitish-kumar|url-status=live}}</ref> On 4 May 2023, [[Patna High Court]] stayed the caste-based survey in its interim order, and directed the state government to keep the survey data, collected so far preserved till the next date of hearing (July 3, 2023).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/setback-for-nitish-kumar-patna-hc-stays-caste-based-survey-in-bihar/articleshow/99984926.cms|title=Setback for Nitish Kumar-led Mahagathbandhan govt, Patna HC stays caste-based survey in Bihar|newspaper=The Times of India|date=4 May 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=6 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606075507/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/setback-for-nitish-kumar-patna-hc-stays-caste-based-survey-in-bihar/articleshow/99984926.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/patna-high-court-puts-a-stay-on-bihar-caste-based-census/article66811531.ece|title=Patna High Court stays Bihar's caste-based census|newspaper=The Hindu|date=4 May 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=4 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504103534/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/patna-high-court-puts-a-stay-on-bihar-caste-based-census/article66811531.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> [[ Government of Bihar]] informed [[Patna High Court]] that 80% of the "survey" was completed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/hc-puts-interim-stay-on-bihar-caste-survey-dubs-it-illegal-census/articleshow/99996915.cms?from=mdr|title=HC puts interim stay on Bihar caste survey, dubs it illegal census|newspaper=The Times of India|date=5 May 2023|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-date=25 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525223925/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/hc-puts-interim-stay-on-bihar-caste-survey-dubs-it-illegal-census/articleshow/99996915.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}</ref> Patna High court asked questions on 11 points from Bihar government in its interim order. [[Government of Bihar]] countered that a central law, Collection of Statistics Act, 2008 empowers state government to carry out all kinds of censuses and surveys, including for caste.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/theprint-essential/to-back-caste-survey-bihar-govt-cited-collection-of-statistics-act-what-it-says-why-hc-agreed/1738572/|title=To back caste survey, Bihar govt cited Collection of Statistics Act. What it says & why HC agreed}}</ref> On 7 July 2023, Patna High court reserved its verdict after hearing a total of 8 PIL pleas challenging various aspects of the survey.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/patna-high-court/patna-high-court-reserves-verdict-pleas-challenging-bihar-government-decision-conduct-caste-based-survey-232205|title=Patna High Court Reserves Verdict In Pleas Challenging Bihar Govt's Decision To Conduct Caste-Based Survey In State|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801102207/https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/patna-high-court/patna-high-court-reserves-verdict-pleas-challenging-bihar-government-decision-conduct-caste-based-survey-232205|url-status=live}}</ref> On 1 August 2023, [[Patna High Court]] gave judgement that holding caste survey in Bihar is valid and legal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/patna-high-court-holds-caste-survey-in-bihar-as-valid-and-legal-dismisses-all-petitions-challenging-survey/articleshow/102305338.cms|title=Patna high court holds caste survey in Bihar as valid and legal, dismisses all petitions challenging survey|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810153007/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/patna-high-court-holds-caste-survey-in-bihar-as-valid-and-legal-dismisses-all-petitions-challenging-survey/articleshow/102305338.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> A division bench comprising Chief Justice [[K. Vinod Chandran]] and Justice Partha Sarathy passed the order in its 101-page verdict,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/1053861/why-the-patna-high-court-upheld-bihars-caste-survey|title=Why the Patna High Court upheld Bihar’s caste survey|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811031443/https://scroll.in/article/1053861/why-the-patna-high-court-upheld-bihars-caste-survey|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/15968650/|title=Ek Soch Ek Prayas vs Union Of India on 1 August, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://images.assettype.com/barandbench/2023-08/15ace660-13fc-46e6-b819-4b5cb2e085c2/Youth_for_Equality___Ors_v_State_of_Bihar___Ors.pdf|title=IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810231806/https://images.assettype.com/barandbench/2023-08/15ace660-13fc-46e6-b819-4b5cb2e085c2/Youth_for_Equality___Ors_v_State_of_Bihar___Ors.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/high-courts-green-signal-to-bihar-caste-survey-challenged-in-supreme-court-4265860|title=High Court's Green Signal To Bihar Caste Survey Challenged In Supreme Court|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805085129/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/high-courts-green-signal-to-bihar-caste-survey-challenged-in-supreme-court-4265860|url-status=live}}</ref> while dismissing all petitions challenging survey.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/hc-upholds-bihar-caste-survey-101690904344728.html|title=HC upholds Bihar caste survey|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812031128/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/hc-upholds-bihar-caste-survey-101690904344728.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-law/patna-hc-upholds-bihar-caste-based-survey-8873561/|title=Patna HC upholds Bihar caste-based survey: Why it was challenged, what the court said|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807123729/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-law/patna-hc-upholds-bihar-caste-based-survey-8873561/|url-status=live}}</ref> The second phase of Bihar's caste-based survey resumed on 2 August 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/second-phase-of-caste-based-survey-resumes-in-bihar/article67150230.ece|title=Second phase of caste-based survey resumes in Bihar|access-date=2023-08-13|archive-date=2023-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803140702/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/second-phase-of-caste-based-survey-resumes-in-bihar/article67150230.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> On 21 August 2023, [[Patna High Court]] disposed of a writ petition seeking deletion of transgenders from caste list, and stated that transgender individuals can make representations to [[Government of Bihar]] to not be considered as a caste.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/patna-high-court-transgender-community-entitled-to-make-representation-seeking-not-to-be-considered-a-caste-101692633979571.html|title=Transgenders can ask govt not to reckon them as a caste: HC}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/transgenders-not-a-caste-but-a-separate-group-patna-hc/articleshow/102924574.cms?from=mdr|title=Transgenders not a caste, but a separate group: Patna HC}}</ref> Government of Bihar had filed a counter affidavit to this plea, informing the court that this anomaly was rectified on 25 April 2023 by instructing the enumerators to have three options for gender.
| |
| | |
| On 21 August 2023, [[Supreme Court of India]] bench comprising Justices [[Sanjiv Khanna]] and [[Sarasa Venkatanarayana Bhatti|SVN Bhatti]] asked Central Government to provide a response within seven days regarding the survey's potential consequences<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/centre-seeks-to-intervene-in-sc-case-on-bihar-caste-survey/articleshow/102918571.cms?from=mdr|title=Centre seeks to intervene in SC case on Bihar caste survey}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/india-needs-caste-census-more-than-chandrayaan-3-sc-verdict-on-bihar-caste-survey-shows-why/1723274/|title=India needs caste census more than Chandrayaan-3. SC verdict on Bihar caste survey shows why}}</ref> and subsequently scheduled the matter for resumed hearing on 28 August 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/supreme-court-rejects-stay-on-bihar-caste-survey-without-prima-facie-case-news-312386|title=Supreme Court Rejects Stay On Bihar Caste Survey Without Prima Facie Case}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/will-not-stay-bihar-caste-survey-unless-prima-facie-case-made-out-by-those-opposing-it-sc/article67219252.ece|title=Will not stay Bihar caste survey unless prima facie case made out by those opposing it: SC}}</ref> [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Union Home Ministry]] filed affidavit in Supreme Court that Census Act allows only Central government to conduct census and actions like a census.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/only-centre-can-conduct-census-or-anything-akin-to-census-union-tells-sc-in-bihar-caste-survey-case/article67245566.ece|title=Only Centre can conduct census, Union tells SC in Bihar caste survey case}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bihar-caste-survey-nitish-kumar-supreme-court-manoj-kumar-jha-bihar-bjp-centres-correction-on-bihar-caste-survey-affidavit-draws-opposition-fire-4338624|title=Bihar Caste Survey: Centre's "Inadvertent Error" Draws A "Volcano" Warning}}</ref> Later in evening, it backtracked from its previous affidavit and filed a fresh affidavit claiming that the paragraph "inadverdently crept in".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/politics/court-nod-for-bihar-caste-survey-a-shot-in-the-arm-for-regional-parties/article67247843.ece|title=Court nod for Bihar caste survey a shot in the arm for regional parties}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/-inadvertent-error-centre-withdraws-affidavit-in-supreme-court-opposing-bihar-caste-census-news-314187|title='Inadvertent Error': Centre Withdraws Affidavit In Supreme Court Opposing Bihar Caste Census}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thewire.in/government/modi-govt-defensive-over-bihar-caste-survey-changes-affidavit-in-supreme-court|title=Modi Govt Defensive Over Bihar Caste Survey, Changes Affidavit in Supreme Court}}</ref> [[Government of Bihar]] reiterated its previously stated position that the Collection of Statistics Act, 2008, empowers it to conduct such an enumeration exercise in the interest of social justice.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/centre-asserts-exclusive-authority-to-conduct-census-seeks-intervention-in-bihar-caste-survey-validity-petitions-101693247745327.html|title=Only Centre can carry out census: Govt to Supreme Court}}</ref> On 6 September 2023, [[Supreme Court of India]] bench of justices Sanjiv Khanna and SVN Bhatti posted the matter to October 3 and clarified that it had not granted any stay on the publication of the survey.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/supreme-court-adjourns-hearing-on-bihar-government-s-caste-survey-no-stay-on-publication-centre-s-affidavit-awaited-101694008568111.html|title=Supreme Court adjourns pleas opposing Bihar caste survey, next hearing on Oct 3}}</ref>
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| | |
| ==Caste group wise population==
| |
| As per Bihar government’s Bihar caste-based survey 2022 report, released on 2 October 2023, showed that extremely backward classes (EBCs) account for 36.01 percent of the 13.07 crore population of the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bihar-caste-survey-ebc-obc-population-8965116/|title=Bihar caste survey released: EBCs form 36% of population, OBCs at 27.13%}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/with-bihar-caste-survey-how-nitish-kumar-hit-two-targets-in-one-fell-swoop-8965619/|title=With Bihar caste survey, how Nitish Kumar hit two targets in one fell swoop}}</ref> OBCs, EBCs together account for 63% of total population of Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bihar-caste-census-27-13backward-class-15-52-general-category/articleshow/104103634.cms|title=Bihar caste survey released: OBCs, EBCs together account for 63% of total population}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/bihar-publishes-caste-survey-report-obcs-ebcs-consist-of-63-of-population|title=Bihar publishes caste survey report, OBCs, EBCs constitute 63% of population}}</ref> The survey report also revealed that Hindus comprise 81.9986% of the population while the Muslim share is at 17.7088% in Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/patna-city-bihar-caste-based-census-report-interesting-facts-which-caste-and-religions-population-more-lalu-yadav-nitish-kumar-bahubali-jati-yadav-muslim-hindu-23545414.html|title=जाति के आधार पर बिहार में कौन 'बाहुबली', कुल 215 जातियां-6 धर्म; 2000 से ज्यादा लोग किसी मजहब को नहीं मानते}}</ref> There are about 190 castes whose population is less than even one percent.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/caste-survey-population-of-many-castes-in-bihar-not-even-500/articleshow/104139727.cms?from=mdr|title=Caste survey: Population of many castes in Bihar not even 500}}</ref>
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | Caste Groups of Bihar<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bihar-caste-survey-obcs-ebcs-comprise-more-than-63-of-population/article67371818.ece|title=Bihar caste survey OBCs, EBCs comprise more than 63% of State’s population}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/story-bihar-caste-survey-report-how-many-castes-in-bihar-with-more-than-1-percent-population-see-full-list-8791799.html|title=Bihar Caste Survey Report: बिहार में 1 प्रतिशत से अधिक आबादी वाली कितनी हैं जातियां? देखें पूरी लिस्ट}}</ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Caste Groups || Population (%)
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Other Backward Class|OBC]] || 27.12%
| |
| |-
| |
| | EBC || 36.01%
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Dalit]]s(SCs) || 19.65%
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Forward caste]] || 15.52%
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Adivasi]]s(STs) || 1.68%
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| {| class="wikitable sortable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Caste !! Population<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/story-bihar-caste-survey-counting-census-full-list-population-share-percent-obc-ebc-upper-caste-muslim-hindu-sc-st-8792660.html|title=Full list of caste and their population|website=Livehindustan|accessdate=7 October 2023}}</ref> !! Percentage
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Yadav]] ([[Ahir]], [[Gowala (caste)|Gowala]], Gora, Ghasi, Mehar and [[Sadgop]]) || {{number and percent|18650119|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Kushwaha]] ([[Koeri]]) ||{{number and percent|5506113|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| |[[Dangi people|Dangi]]||{{number and percent|336629|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| |[[Mali caste|Mali]]||{{number and percent|349285|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| |[[Kunjra]]||{{number and percent|1828584|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Kurmi]] || {{number and percent|3762969|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Dhanuk]] || {{number and percent|2796605|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Brahmin]] || {{number and percent|4781280|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Teli]] || {{number and percent|3677491|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Mallaah|Mallah]] ([[Nishad]]) || {{number and percent|3410093|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Lonia|Nonia]] || {{number and percent|2498474|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | [[Kanu (caste)|Kanu]] ||{{number and percent|2892761|130725310|4|disp=table}}
| |
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| | [[Bania (caste)|Bania]] || {{number and percent|3026912|130725310|4|disp=table}}
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| | [[Bhumihar]] || {{number and percent|3750886|130725310|4|disp=table}}
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| | [[Rajput]]|| {{number and percent|4510733|130725310|4|disp=table}}
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| | [[Dusadh|Dushadh]] || {{number and percent|6943000|130725310|4|disp=table}}
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| | [[Musahar]] || {{number and percent|4035787|130725310|4|disp=table}}
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| | [[Kayastha]] || {{number and percent|785771|130725310|4|disp=table}}
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| | [[Chamar|Ravidas]] || {{number and percent|6869664|130725310|4|disp=table}}
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| The caste survey figure, however, were challenged by many politicians of the state. It was alleged that the population of certain castes were inflated while the population of others were underrepresented in the survey. Prominent Schedule Caste leader of state, [[Chirag Paswan]] accused that it was done in order to reap political gains. It was widely believed that population of [[Kushwaha]] caste was underrepresented in the survey.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/chirag-paswan-questions-bihar-caste-census-data/article67376762.ece|title=Chirag Paswan questions Bihar caste census|website=The Hindu|accessdate=5 October 2023}}</ref>The president of [[Rashtriya Lok Janata Dal]], [[Upendra Kushwaha]] also claimed that the figures are unreliable as the sub-caste of Kushwaha community like [[Dangi people|Dangi]]s were counted as a seperate entity.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/politics/bihar-caste-survey-stirs-hornets-nest-as-leaders-question-numbers-will-do-own-survey-says-jdu-mp/1796204/|title=Bihar caste survey stirs hornets’ nest as leaders question numbers. ‘Will do own survey,’ says JD(U) MP|website=The Print|accessdate=8 October 2023}}</ref>
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| ==Caste Survey Report==
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| The Nitish Kumar government in Bihar on October 02, 2023 released the Caste Census data also called as Caste Survey Report. According to the data released by the Bihar government, the total population of Bihar is 13.1 crore. Out of them 36 per cent are from Extremely Backward Classes, 27.1 per cent are OBCs, 19.7 per cent are from Scheduled Castes, 1.7 per cent are from Scheduled Tribes, and 15.52 per cent are from the upper castes. Bihar Caste Survey also revealed that the Yadav community is the largest sub-group, accounting for 14.27 per cent of all OBC categories whereas Bhumihars constitute 2.86 per cent of the population, Brahmins 3.66 per cent, Kurmis 2.87 per cent and Musahars 3 per cent.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=2023-10-02|title=Bihar Caste Census Data Released – Key Highlights|language=en-IN|work=ummid.com|url=https://ummid.com/news/2023/october/02-10-2023/bihar-caste-census-data-released%E2%80%93key-highlights.html|access-date=2023-10-02}}</ref>
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011]]
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| * [[Demographics of Bihar]]
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| * [[Biharis]]
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| * [[Other Backward Class]]
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| * [[Reservation in India]]
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| ==External links==
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| * [https://cbs.bihar.gov.in/#/home Official website]
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| [[Category:Censuses in India]]
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