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| {{confused| Kartik Purnima (TV Show)}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Kartika Purnima]] |
| {{short description|Hindu and Jain holy day}}
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| {{Infobox holiday
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| |holiday_name= Kartika Purnima
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| |type= Hindu
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| |image= Kartiki Punam.JPG
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| |caption=Kartika Purnima: 28 November 2012
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| |nickname= Tripuri Purnima, Tripurari Purnima, Deva-Diwali, Deva-Deepawali
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| |observedby=[[Hindu]]s and [[Jain]]s
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| |date=[[Kartik (month)|Kartik]] [[Purnima]]
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| |month = October/ November
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| |relatedto=[[Vaikuntha Chaturdashi]] | |
| |date2019 = 12 November (Tue) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.drikpanchang.com/purnima/kartik/kartik-purnima-date-time.html?year=2019 | title=Kartik Purnima | publisher=Drik Panchang | access-date=28 December 2020 }}</ref>
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| |date2020 = 30 November (Mon) <ref>https://www.drikpanchang.com/purnima/kartik/kartik-purnima-date-time.html?year=2020</ref>
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| |significance=
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| |observances=Prayers and religious rituals honoring [[Brahma]] at [[Pushkar Lake]], [[Puja (Hinduism)|Puja]] to [[Vishnu]] and [[Harihara]], Bathing at [[Pushkar Lake]] and Puja to [[Brahma]]
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| }} | | }} |
| '''Kartika Purnima''' is a [[Hinduism|Hindu]], [[Sikh]] and [[Jain]] cultural festival, celebrated on the [[Purnima]] (full moon) day or the fifteenth lunar day of [[Kartik (month)|Kartik]] (November–December). It is also known as '''Tripuri Purnima''' and '''Tripurari Purnima'''. It is sometimes called '''Deva-Diwali''' or '''Deva-Deepawali''', the festival of lights of the gods. [[Karthika Deepam]] is a related festival celebrated in South India and Sri Lanka on a different date.
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| ==Significance in Hinduism==
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| [[File:Shiva Tripurantaka.jpg|thumb|Here, the five-headed Tripurantaka is seen pointing an arrow towards the Tripura (rightmost top corner) with the bow made of mount Meru, the serpent Vasuki is seen as its string. The four-headed god Brahma is seen. The moon and the Sun are depicted as the wheels of the chariot.]]
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| Tripuri Purnima or Tripurari Purnima derives its name from Tripurari - the foe of the demon [[Tripurasura]]. In some legends of Kartik Purnima, the term is used to denote the three demon sons of [[Tārakāsura]]. Tripurari is an epithet of god [[Shiva]]. Shiva in his form as [[Tripurantaka]] ("Killer of Tripurasura") killed Tripurasura on this day.{{cn|date=July 2020}} Tripurasura had conquered the whole world and defeated the gods and also created three cities in space, together called "[[Tripura (mythology)|Tripura]]". The killing of the demon(s) and destruction of his/their cities with a single arrow - by Shiva overjoyed the gods and they declared the day as a festival of illuminations. This day is also called "Dev-Diwali"—the [[Diwali]] of the gods. Diwali is the Hindu festival of lights.<ref name=g>{{cite book|title=Garavi gujarat|year=1969|page=11|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KJft8irPMUAC&pg=PA11}}</ref>
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| Kartik Purnima is also the birthday of [[Matsya]], god [[Vishnu]]'s fish-incarnation ([[avatar]]). It is also the birthday of Vrinda, the personification of the [[Tulsi]] plant and of [[Kartikeya]], the god of war and son of Shiva. This day is also considered special for goddess [[Radha]], the lover and eternal consort of god [[Krishna]]. It is believed that Krishna and Radha danced [[Rasa lila|rasa]] and Krishna worshipped Radha on this day. This day is also dedicated to the [[pitrs]], dead ancestors.<ref name="tracy"/>
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| Underhill believes that the origins of this festival may lie in ancient times, when a sacrifice called ''Shakamedhah'' was performed to attain victory over enemies.<ref name = "underhill"/>
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| The festival has even more significance when the day falls in the [[Nakshatra]] ([[lunar mansion]]) [[Krittika]] and is then called ''Maha Kartik''. The nakshatra is [[Bharani]], the results are stated to be special. If it is [[Rohini (nakshatra)|Rohini]] nakshatra, then the fruitful results are even more. Any philanthropic act on this day is supposed to bring benefits and blessings equal to the performing of ten [[yajna]]s (sacrifices).<ref name="Dwivedi2006"/>
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| ==Hindu rituals==
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| Kartik Purnima is closely associated with [[Prabodhini Ekadashi]] which marks the end of [[Chaturmas]], a four-month period when Vishnu is believed to sleep. Prabodhini Ekadashi signifies the awakening of the god. Chaturmas penance ends on this day. Many fairs that begin on Prabodhini Ekadashi end on Kartik Purnima, Kartik Purnima usually being the most important day of the fair. Fairs that conclude on this day include Prabodhini Ekadashi celebrations at [[Pandharpur]] and [[Pushkar Fair]]. Kartik Purnima is also the last day to perform [[Tulsi Vivah]] ceremony that can be performed from Prabodhini Ekadashi.{{cn|date=July 2020}}
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| Also, it is believed that Vishnu, on this day, returns to his abode after completing his stay in [[Bali (demon)|Bali]]. Hence, the day is known as Deva-Diwali.<ref name="s">[http://www.swaminarayan.org/festivals/devdiwali/ Swaminarayan Smapradaya - Dev Diwali Significance]</ref>
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| [[File:Inde pushkar foire.jpg|thumb|Pushkar Mela, 2006]]
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| In [[Pushkar]], Rajasthan, the Pushkar Fair or ''Pushkar mela'' commences on Prabodhini Ekadashi and continues till Kartik Purnima, the latter being the most important. This fair is held in honour of god [[Brahma]], whose [[Brahma Temple, Pushkar|temple]] stands at Pushkar. A ritual bath on Kartik Purnima in the [[Pushkar Lake]] is considered to lead one to salvation. It is believed circling the three Pushkars on Kartik Purnima is highly meritorious. [[Sadhu]]s gather here and stay from Ekadashi to full moon day in caves. About 200,000 people and 25,000 camels assemble in Pushkar for the fair. Pushkar fair is Asia's largest camel fair.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wPPr9HdmnHcC&pg=PA133&dq=kartik+ekadasi&lr=&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q=&f=false Fairs and Festivals of India By S.P. Sharma, Seema Gupta p 133-34]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025064338/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-27/jaipur/28110152_1_pushkar-lake-cave-sadhus Nag Hill at Pushkar brims with sadhus, 27 October 2009, Times of India]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=XdYLEB6WBHUC&pg=PA18&dq=pushkar+fair+camels&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q=pushkar%20fair%20camels&f=false Viewfinder: 100 Top Locations for Great Travel Photography By Keith Wilson p.18-9]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qMqBvtL_nI0C&pg=PA440&dq=pushkar++largest+camel+fair&lr=&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q=pushkar%20%20largest%20camel%20fair&f=false Frommer's India By Pippa de Bruyn, Keith Bain, Niloufer Venkatraman, Shonar Joshi p. 440]</ref>
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| A ritual bath at a [[Tirtha (Hinduism)|tirtha]] (a sacred water body like a lake or river) at a pilgrimage centre is prescribed on Kartik Purnima. This holy bath is known as "Kartik snana".<ref name = "abott"/> An holy bath at Pushkar or in the [[Ganges]] river, especially at [[Varanasi]] is deemed as most auspicious. Kartik Purnima is the most popular day for bathing in the Ganges at Varanasi.<ref name="tracy"/> The devotees also take a bath in the evening during moonrise and offer worship by way of six prayers such as Shiva sambuti, Satait and so forth.<ref name="Dwivedi2006">{{Cite book|last= Dwivedi |first= Dr. Bhojraj |title= Religious Basis Of Hindu Beliefs |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7wmqKuHFWWgC&q=Dev+Deepavali&pg=PA171|access-date=7 November 2012|publisher= Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.|year=2006|isbn=9788128812392|pages=171}}</ref>
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| [[Annakuta]], an offering of food to the deities, is held in temples.{{cn|date=July 2020}} People who have taken vows on [[Ashvin]] full moon day, end them on Kartik Purnima. God Vishnu is also worshipped on this day. Any form of violence (''hinsa'' or ''himsa'') is prohibited on this day. This includes shaving, hair-cutting, cutting of trees, plucking of fruits and flowers, cutting of crops and even, sexual union.<ref name = "abott"/> Charity especially donation of cows, feeding of [[Brahmin]]s, fasting are religious activities prescribed for Kartik Purnima.<ref name="tracy"/> Giving gift of gold is said to fulfill all desires of people.<ref name="Dwivedi2006"/>
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| Tripuri Purnima is only next to [[Maha Shivaratri]], amongst festivals dedicated to Shiva worship.<ref name="underhill">[https://books.google.com/books?id=Fb9Zc0yPVUUC&pg=PA95&dq=Tripuri+Poornima&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Hindu religious year By M.M. Underhill pp.95-96]</ref> To commemorate the killing of Tripurasura, images of Shiva are carried in procession. Temple complexes in southern India are lit up throughout the night. ''Deepmalas'' or towers of lights are illuminated in temples. People place 360 or 720 wicks in temples, to secure escape reaching [[Naraka (Hinduism)|hell]] after death.{{cn|date=July 2020}} The 720 wicks symbolizes the 360 days and nights of the Hindu calendar.<ref name="tracy"/> In Varanasi, the ghats come alive with thousands of [[diyas]] (brightly lit earthen lamps).<ref name="tracy">[Guests at God's wedding: celebrating Kartik among the women of BenaresBy Tracy Pintchman pp. 83-7]</ref> People gift lamps to priests. The lamps are kept throughout the night in houses and Shiva temples. This day is also known as "Kartik Diparatna" - the jewel of lamps in Kartik.<ref name = "underhill"/> Lights are also floated in miniature boats in rivers. Lights are placed under Tulsi, [[Sacred fig]] and [[Phyllanthus emblica|Amla]] trees. The lights in the water and under trees are believed to help fishes, insects and birds who saw the light to attain salvation.<ref name="abott">[https://books.google.com/books?id=zoyXkvW7h_EC&pg=PA203&dq=Tripurari+Purnima&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q=Tripurari%20Purnima&f=false Keys of Power: A Study of Indian Ritual and Belief By J. Abbott pp.203-4]</ref>
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| In Telugu households of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], Karthika Maasalu (month) is considered very auspicious. The Kartika month starts on the day of Deepawali. From that day till the end of the month, oil lamps are lit every day. On Karthika Puranam (full moon of Kartheeka month) oil lamp with 365 wicks, prepared at home, are lit in Lord Shiva temples. Apart from that, Kartika Puranam is read and fasting is observed till sunset, every day for the whole month.
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| [[Swaminarayan Sampraday]] also celebrates this day with faith and fervor.<ref name=s/>
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| ===Boita Bandana===
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| [[File:Miniature boita made from banana stem.jpg|thumb|People in Odisha celebrate Kartik Purnima by setting afloat miniature boita (boats) made from banana stem to remember the historical significance of the day.]]
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| In [[Odisha]], on Kartik Purnima, people celebrate [[Boita Bandana]] (Odia: ବୋଇତ ବନ୍ଦାଣ boita bandāṇa) by heading for the nearest water body to set afloat miniature boats, originally made out of banana stem and coconut stick, lit with ''Deepak'' (lamps), fabric, betel leaves. ''[[Boita]]'' stands for boat or ship. The festival is a mass commemoration of the state's glorious maritime history when it was known as [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]] and tradesmen and mariners known as [[sadhaba]]s traveled on ''[[boita]]''s to trade with distant island nations that share borders with the [[Bay of Bengal]] like [[Indonesia]], [[Java]], [[Sumatra]] and [[Bali]].
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| ===Karthika Deepam===
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| [[File:Karthigai Deepam.jpg|thumb|Karthigai Deepam]]
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| In [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Karthika Deepam]] is celebrated where the Purnima corresponds to the Krittika nakshatra. People light rows of lamps on their balconies. In [[Tiruvannamalai]], a ten-day annual festival is held to celebrate Karthika Deepam.
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| ==Jainism==
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| [[File:Palitana.jpg|thumb|right|[[Palitana Jain temples]]]]
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| Kartik Purnima is an important religious day for [[Jainism|Jains]] who celebrate it by visiting [[Palitana]] a Jain pilgrimage centre.<ref name=palitana>{{cite news|work=[[The Times of India]] | url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-02/rajkot/28091395_1_devotees-palitana-jain| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025064717/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-02/rajkot/28091395_1_devotees-palitana-jain| url-status=dead| archive-date=2012-10-25|title=Pilgrims flock Palitana for Kartik Poornima yatra |date=2009-11-02|access-date= 2009-11-03}}</ref> Thousands of Jain pilgrims flock to the foothills of [[Shatrunjaya|Shatrunjay hills]] of Palitana taluka on the day of Kartik Purnima to undertake the auspicious yatra (journey). Also known as the Shri Shantrunjay Teerth Yatra, this walk is an important religious event in the life of a Jain devotee, who covers 216 km of rough mountainous terrain on foot to worship at the Lord Adinath temple atop the hill.
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| Considered to be a very auspicious day for Jains, the day also assumes more significance for the walk, as the hills, which are closed to the public during the four months of [[Chaturmas]],<ref name=g/> are thrown open for the devotees on Kartik Purnima. The day of Kartik Purnima is very significant in Jainism. As devotees are kept away from worshipping their lord for four months of the monsoon season, the first day attracts the maximum number of devotees. Jains believe that [[Rishabha (Jain Tirthankara)|Adinath]], the first [[tirthankara]], sanctified the hills by visiting it to deliver his first sermon. According to [[Jain texts]], millions of sadhus and Sadhvis have attained salvation on these hills.<ref name=palitana />
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| ==Sikhism==
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| Kartik Purnima is celebrated as Gurupurab or Prakash Parva of Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the first Guru of the Sikhs. Bhai Gurdas Ji, Sikh Theologist within his Kabitt has testified that Guru Nanak was born on this day. This, it is known worldwide as Guru Nanak Jayanti and is also a public holiday in India.
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Dev Deepawali (Varanasi)]]
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| * [[List of Hindu festivals]]
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| ==References==
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| <ref>http://www.internetwebportals.com/2017/06/kartik-purnima-date-and-time.html</ref>{{Reflist|2}}
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| ==External links==
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| *[https://publicvoice.co.in/kartika-purnima-2020-wishes-sms-2021-image-information Details about kartika purnima with wish]
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| *[https://www.thedivineindia.com/kartik-purnima/6961 Significance of Kartik Purnima]
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| {{HinduFestivals}}
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| [[Category:Hindu holy days]]
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| [[Category:Hindu festivals]]
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| [[Category:Jain festivals]]
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| [[Category:Religious festivals in India]]
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| [[Category:Religious festivals in Nepal]]
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| [[Category:October observances]]
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| [[Category:November observances]]
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| [[Category:Observances held on the full moon]]
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| [[Category:December observances]]
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| [[Category:Hindu festivals in India]]
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