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{{short description|Indian politician}} | |||
{{other people||Ghulam Mohammad (disambiguation){{!}}Ghulam Mohammad}} | {{other people||Ghulam Mohammad (disambiguation){{!}}Ghulam Mohammad}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
|office = 5th [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]] | |office = 5th [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]]([[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|state]]) | ||
|term_start = 2 July 1984 | |term_start = 2 July 1984 | ||
|term_end = 6 March 1986 | |term_end = 6 March 1986 | ||
| Line 10: | Line 11: | ||
|office1 = President and founder of [[Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference]] | |office1 = President and founder of [[Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference]] | ||
|successor1 = [[Begum Khalida Shah]] | |successor1 = [[Begum Khalida Shah]] | ||
| relations = [[Farooq Abdullah]] brother | | relations = [[Farooq Abdullah]] brother, Muzaffar Shah (son) | ||
| spouse = [[Begum Khalida Shah]] daughter of [[Sheikh Abdullah]] | | spouse = [[Begum Khalida Shah]] daughter of [[Sheikh Abdullah]] | ||
|party = [[Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference]] | |party = [[Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference]] | ||
|education = [[Punjab University (Chandigarh)|Punjab University]]<br>[[Aligarh Muslim University]]<br>[[London School of Economics]] | |education = [[Punjab University (Chandigarh)|Punjab University]]<br />[[Aligarh Muslim University]]<br />[[London School of Economics]] | ||
}} | |||
'''Ghulam Mohammad Shah''' or '''G. M. Shah''' or '''Gul Shah''' (20 July 1920 – 6 January 2009) was an Indian politician who was [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister]] of the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]<ref name="Austin">{{Cite book | last = Austin | first = Granville | title = Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian Experience | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1999 | location = New Delhi | pages = [https://archive.org/details/workingdemocrati00aust/page/n339 546] | url =https://archive.org/details/workingdemocrati00aust| url-access = limited | isbn = 019565610-5 }}</ref> from 2 July 1984 to 6 March 1986. He succeeded his brother-in-law [[Farooq Abdullah]]. Shah's father-in-law was [[Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah]], the founder of the [[Jammu and Kashmir National Conference]], of which Shah was once a senior member. Shah died on 6 January 2009 at the Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences in [[Srinagar]]. He was 88.<ref>[http://etalaat.com/english/News/state-scan/4211.html Former CM and ANC patron passes away | |||
'''Ghulam Mohammad Shah''' or '''G. M. Shah''' or '''Gul Shah''' (20 July 1920 – 6 January 2009) was an Indian politician who was [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister]] of the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]<ref name="Austin">{{Cite book | last = Austin | first = Granville | title = Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian Experience | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1999 | location = New Delhi | pages = [https://archive.org/details/workingdemocrati00aust/page/n339 546] | url =https://archive.org/details/workingdemocrati00aust| url-access = limited | isbn = 019565610-5 }}</ref> from 2 July 1984 to 6 March 1986. He succeeded his brother-in-law [[Farooq Abdullah]]. Shah's father-in-law was [[Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah]], the founder of the [[Jammu and Kashmir National Conference]], of which Shah was once a senior member. Shah died on 6 January 2009 at the Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences in [[Srinagar]]. He was 88.<ref>[http://etalaat.com/english/News/state-scan/4211.html Former CM and ANC patron passes away]</ref> | |||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Ghulam Mohammad Shah was born in Srinagar (Kashmir) on 20 July 1920. He completed his bachelor's degree from [[Punjab University (Chandigarh)|Punjab University]]. Later, he pursued a degree in Law from [[Aligarh Muslim University]]. He also got Fellowship from London School of Economics in the field of Agriculture Economics under the United Nations Fellowship Programme.<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 31, 1984|first=Prabhu|last= Chawla|title=There is not even a single area in which Kashmir has not suffered: G.M. Shah|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19840731-there-is-not-even-a-single-area-in-which-kashmir-has-not-suffered-g.m.-shah-803176-1984-07-31|access-date=2020-12-16|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> He joined National Conference in 1944. Right at the inception of his political career, he was detained several times in his struggle for people's rights. Shah was also the eldest son-in-law of former Chief Minister of the State, Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah, brother-in-law of Dr Farooq Abdullah and uncle of the former Chief Minister, Omar Abdullah.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Majid|first=Zulfikar|date=14 March 2015|title=Former CM G M Shah is no more|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/more/former-cm-g-m-shah-is-no-more | Ghulam Mohammad Shah was born in Srinagar (Kashmir) on 20 July 1920. He completed his bachelor's degree from [[Punjab University (Chandigarh)|Punjab University]]. Later, he pursued a degree in Law from [[Aligarh Muslim University]]. He also got Fellowship from London School of Economics in the field of Agriculture Economics under the United Nations Fellowship Programme.<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 31, 1984|first=Prabhu|last= Chawla|title=There is not even a single area in which Kashmir has not suffered: G.M. Shah|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19840731-there-is-not-even-a-single-area-in-which-kashmir-has-not-suffered-g.m.-shah-803176-1984-07-31|access-date=2020-12-16|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> He joined National Conference in 1944. Right at the inception of his political career, he was detained several times in his struggle for people's rights. Shah was also the eldest son-in-law of former Chief Minister of the State, Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah, brother-in-law of Dr Farooq Abdullah and uncle of the former Chief Minister, Omar Abdullah.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Majid|first=Zulfikar|date=14 March 2015|title=Former CM G M Shah is no more|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/more/former-cm-g-m-shah-is-no-more|access-date=2021-12-20|website=Greater Kashmir|language=en}}</ref> | ||
==Career== | ==Career== | ||
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Shah became [[List of chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister]] by toppling the government of his brother-in-law [[Farooq Abdullah]] in 1984. | Shah became [[List of chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister]] by toppling the government of his brother-in-law [[Farooq Abdullah]] in 1984. | ||
He defected from [[Jammu and Kashmir National Conference|National Conference]] along with 12 party MLAs on 2 July 1984 bringing down the government of Farooq Abdullah, a move that created a bitter rift between the two families. Shah joined hands with the 26-member [[Indian National Congress]] legislature party and became [[List of chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister]]. | He defected from [[Jammu and Kashmir National Conference|National Conference]] along with 12 party MLAs on 2 July 1984 bringing down the government of Farooq Abdullah, a move that created a bitter rift between the two families. Shah joined hands with the 26-member [[Indian National Congress]] legislature party and became [[List of chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister]]. | ||
However, his government was dismissed on 12 March 1986, by the then [[Governor of Jammu and Kashmir|Governor]] [[Jagmohan]] following communal | However, his government was dismissed on 12 March 1986, by the then [[Governor of Jammu and Kashmir|Governor]] [[Jagmohan]] following the communal [[1986 Anantnag Riots]] in south Kashmir caused by his provocative statements and announcements. | ||
Shah had formed a new party, [[Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference|Awami National Conference]] which also participated in the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|Elections 2008]]. | Shah had formed a new party, [[Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference|Awami National Conference]] which also participated in the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|Elections 2008]]. | ||
He is survived by his wife, | He is survived by his wife, [[Begum Khalida Shah]], two sons Muzaffar Ahmad Shah and a daughter.<ref name=":0"/> | ||
== Controversies == | |||
In early 1986, Gul Shah announced the construction of a masjid inside the location of an ancient Hindu Temple in the Jammu Civil Secretariat. This move sparked widespread criticism and protests in Jammu. In February, Gul Shah then went to Kashmir and provocatively said, "Islam khatre mein hain" (Translation: "Islam is in danger"). Subsequently, Muslim rioters attacked Hindu-owned businesses and places of worship.<ref name="Bansi Pandit 2008">{{cite book |last=Pandit |first=Bansi |author-link= |date=2008 |title=Explore Kashmiri Pandits |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zsoC6GWr47QC |location= |publisher=Dharma Publications |page=48-49 |isbn=9780963479860}}</ref> The resulting death toll was 2000 people, consisting primarily of Hindus. <ref>{{cite book |last1=Verma |first1=P. S. |title=Jammu and Kashmir at the Political Crossroads |date=1994 |publisher=Vikas Publishing House |isbn=9780706976205 |page=214 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl5uAAAAMAAJ }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[ | *[https://web.archive.org/web/20241225182840/https://www.greaterkashmir.com/full_story.asp/?Date=7_1_2009&ItemID=46&cat=1 Biography] | ||
*[http://www.gmshahfoundation.info.com G. M. Shah Foundation] | *[http://www.gmshahfoundation.info.com G. M. Shah Foundation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713030445/http://www.gmshahfoundation.info.com/ |date=13 July 2011 }} | ||
{{s-start}} | {{s-start}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
{{s-end}} | {{s-end}} | ||
{{Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir}} | {{Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir}} | ||
{{Authority control}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shah, Ghulam Mohammad}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Shah, Ghulam Mohammad}} | ||
[[Category:1920 births]] | [[Category:1920 births]] | ||
[[Category:2009 deaths]] | [[Category:2009 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Chief | [[Category:Chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir]] | ||
[[Category:Indian Muslims]] | [[Category:20th-century Indian Muslims]] | ||
[[Category:Jammu & Kashmir National Conference politicians]] | [[Category:Jammu & Kashmir National Conference politicians]] | ||
[[Category:Kashmiri | [[Category:Kashmiri politicians]] | ||
[[Category:Members of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council]] | |||
[[Category:Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference politicians]] | |||
[[Category:Abdullah family (politics)]] | |||
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]] | |||
Latest revision as of 09:58, 24 July 2025
Ghulam Mohammad Shah | |
|---|---|
| 5th Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir(state) | |
| In office 2 July 1984 – 6 March 1986 | |
| Preceded by | Farooq Abdullah |
| Succeeded by | Governor's Rule |
| President and founder of Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference | |
| Succeeded by | Begum Khalida Shah |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference |
| Spouse(s) | Begum Khalida Shah daughter of Sheikh Abdullah |
| Relations | Farooq Abdullah brother, Muzaffar Shah (son) |
| Education | Punjab University Aligarh Muslim University London School of Economics |
Ghulam Mohammad Shah or G. M. Shah or Gul Shah (20 July 1920 – 6 January 2009) was an Indian politician who was Chief Minister of the state of Jammu and Kashmir[1] from 2 July 1984 to 6 March 1986. He succeeded his brother-in-law Farooq Abdullah. Shah's father-in-law was Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah, the founder of the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference, of which Shah was once a senior member. Shah died on 6 January 2009 at the Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences in Srinagar. He was 88.[2]
Early life[edit | edit source]
Ghulam Mohammad Shah was born in Srinagar (Kashmir) on 20 July 1920. He completed his bachelor's degree from Punjab University. Later, he pursued a degree in Law from Aligarh Muslim University. He also got Fellowship from London School of Economics in the field of Agriculture Economics under the United Nations Fellowship Programme.[3] He joined National Conference in 1944. Right at the inception of his political career, he was detained several times in his struggle for people's rights. Shah was also the eldest son-in-law of former Chief Minister of the State, Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah, brother-in-law of Dr Farooq Abdullah and uncle of the former Chief Minister, Omar Abdullah.[4]
Career[edit | edit source]
After the formation of popular Government in 1947, Shah was appointed as Controller of Supplies and Prices, a post he held till 1953. After extended incarceration of nearly eight years and following the 1975 Indira-Abdullah Accord, Shah was inducted as a Minister of State in the Government. Shah is also known for masterminding the National Conference campaign in the 1977 elections, which the party won. He was later sworn in as a cabinet minister and held portfolios of Transport, Food & Supplies, Trade Agencies, Estate Works, and Power.
Shah became Chief Minister by toppling the government of his brother-in-law Farooq Abdullah in 1984. He defected from National Conference along with 12 party MLAs on 2 July 1984 bringing down the government of Farooq Abdullah, a move that created a bitter rift between the two families. Shah joined hands with the 26-member Indian National Congress legislature party and became Chief Minister. However, his government was dismissed on 12 March 1986, by the then Governor Jagmohan following the communal 1986 Anantnag Riots in south Kashmir caused by his provocative statements and announcements.
Shah had formed a new party, Awami National Conference which also participated in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly Elections 2008.
He is survived by his wife, Begum Khalida Shah, two sons Muzaffar Ahmad Shah and a daughter.[4]
Controversies[edit | edit source]
In early 1986, Gul Shah announced the construction of a masjid inside the location of an ancient Hindu Temple in the Jammu Civil Secretariat. This move sparked widespread criticism and protests in Jammu. In February, Gul Shah then went to Kashmir and provocatively said, "Islam khatre mein hain" (Translation: "Islam is in danger"). Subsequently, Muslim rioters attacked Hindu-owned businesses and places of worship.[5] The resulting death toll was 2000 people, consisting primarily of Hindus. [6]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Austin, Granville (1999). Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian Experience. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. pp. 546. ISBN 019565610-5.
- ↑ Former CM and ANC patron passes away
- ↑ Chawla, Prabhu (31 July 1984). "There is not even a single area in which Kashmir has not suffered: G.M. Shah". India Today. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Majid, Zulfikar (14 March 2015). "Former CM G M Shah is no more". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ↑ Pandit, Bansi (2008). Explore Kashmiri Pandits. Dharma Publications. p. 48-49. ISBN 9780963479860.
- ↑ Verma, P. S. (1994). Jammu and Kashmir at the Political Crossroads. Vikas Publishing House. p. 214. ISBN 9780706976205.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Biography
- G. M. Shah Foundation Archived 13 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Farooq Abdullah |
Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir 1984 - 1986 |
Succeeded by President's Rule |
