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{{Short description|Son of | {{Short description|Son of Krishna and Jambavati}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2016}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2016}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2016}} | {{Use Indian English|date=March 2016}} | ||
{{Infobox deity | {{Infobox deity | ||
| type = Hindu | | type = Hindu | ||
| image = | | image = Samba, holding a cup, in the Kondamotu Vrishni heroes relief, 4th century CE.jpg | ||
| caption = Samba | | caption = Samba, holding a cup, in the Kondamotu Vrishni heroes relief, 4th century CE | ||
| father = [[Krishna]] | | father = [[Krishna]] | ||
| mother = [[Jambavati]] | | mother = [[Jambavati]] | ||
| spouse= [[ | | spouse = [[Lakshmanaa]](Kaurava princess)<br/><ref name ="Mani b"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/compilation/puranic-encyclopaedia/d/doc241914.html | title=Story of Sāmba | date=28 January 2019 }}</ref> | ||
| dynasty = [[Yadu dynasty| Yaduvamsha-Chandravamsha]] | |||
| dynasty = [[ | | texts = ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]'', ''[[Devi-Bhagavata Purana]]'', ''[[Mahabharata]]'', ''[[Samba Purana]]'', ''[[Skanda Purana]]'' | ||
| texts = ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]'', ''[[Devi-Bhagavata Purana]]'', ''[[Mahabharata]]'', ''[[Samba | | gender = Male | ||
|gender = Male | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Vrishni heroes}} | {{Vrishni heroes}} | ||
'''Samba''' ({{ | '''Samba''' ({{langx|sa|साम्ब}}; [[IAST]]: ''{{IAST|sāmba}}'') was a son of the [[Hindu god]] [[Krishna]] and his second consort, [[Jambavati]]. His foolish prank brought an end to the [[Yadu]] dynasty.{{sfnp|Hudson|2008|p=101|ps=}} | ||
==Early worship== | ==Early worship== | ||
In the 1st century BC, there seems to be evidence for a worship of five [[Vrishni heroes]] (Balarama, Krishna, [[Pradyumna]], [[Aniruddha]] and Samba), due to the [[Mora Well Inscription]] found at Mora near Mathura, which apparently mentions a son of the great ''satrap'' [[Rajuvula]], probably the ''satrap'' Sodasa and an image of Vrishni, "probably Vasudeva, and of the "Five Warriors".<ref>{{cite book |title= Hindu Gods and Heroes: Studies in the History of the Religion of India|last= Barnett|first= Lionel David|year= 1922 |publisher= J. Murray|page= [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.173123/page/n92 93]|url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.173123}}</ref> The Brahmi inscription can be seen on the [[Mora Well Inscription|Mora stone slab]], now in the [[Mathura Museum]].<ref name=Puri1968>{{cite book | In the 1st century BC, there seems to be evidence for a worship of five [[Vrishni heroes]] (Balarama, Krishna, [[Pradyumna]], [[Aniruddha]], and Samba), due to the [[Mora Well Inscription]] found at Mora near Mathura, which apparently mentions a son of the great ''satrap'' [[Rajuvula]], probably the ''satrap'' Sodasa and an image of Vrishni, "probably Vasudeva, and of the "Five Warriors".<ref>{{cite book |title= Hindu Gods and Heroes: Studies in the History of the Religion of India|last= Barnett|first= Lionel David|year= 1922 |publisher= J. Murray|page= [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.173123/page/n92 93]|url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.173123}}</ref> The Brahmi inscription can be seen on the [[Mora Well Inscription|Mora stone slab]], now in the [[Mathura Museum]].<ref name=Puri1968>{{cite book | ||
|author = Puri, B.N. | |author = Puri, B.N. | ||
|year = 1968 | |year = 1968 | ||
| Line 28: | Line 27: | ||
==Birth== | ==Birth== | ||
The ''[[Mahabharata]]'' and the ''[[Devi Bhagavata Purana]]'' narrate the story of the birth of Samba. Jambavati was unhappy when she realized that only she had not given birth to a child while all the other wives had many children. She approached Krishna to find a solution and to be blessed with a son like the handsome [[Pradyumna]], Krishna's first-born son. | |||
The ''[[Mahabharata]]'' and the ''[[Devi Bhagavata Purana]]'' narrate the story of the birth of Samba. Jambavati was unhappy when she realized that only she had not | |||
Krishna knew this son would herald in the destruction of the Yadu clan, and therefore needed to be a form of Shiva's destructive energy. Then Krishna went to the hermitage of the sage [[Upamanyu]] in the [[Himalayas]] and as advised by the sage, he started to pray to the god [[Shiva]]. He performed his penance for six months in various postures; once holding a skull and a rod, then standing on one leg only in the next month and surviving on water only, during the third month he did penance standing on his toes and living on air only. Pleased with the austerities, Shiva finally appeared before Krishna as Samba, ([[Ardhanarishvara]]) the half-female, half-male form of the god Shiva-Shakti, asked him to ask a boon. Krishna then sought a son from Jambavati, which was granted. A son was born soon thereafter, named Samba, the form Shiva had appeared before Krishna.<ref name="Parmeshwaranand">{{cite book|author=Swami Parmeshwaranand|title=Encyclopaedia of the Śaivism|year=2004|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_HQvbJDacNDMC|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=978-81-7625-427-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_HQvbJDacNDMC/page/n68 62]}}</ref><ref name="Mani">{{cite book | author= Vettam Mani| title = Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature | url= https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft| publisher = Motilal Banarsidass Publishers | year = 1975 <!-- | location = Delhi --> | isbn = 978-0-8426-0822-0 | author-link = Vettam Mani|pages = [https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/342 342], 677}}</ref> | |||
According to [[Bhagavata Purana]], Jambavati was the mother of Samba, Sumitra, Purujit, Shatajit, Sahasrajit, Vijaya, Chitraketu, Vasuman, Dravida and Kratu.<ref>[http://vedabase.net/sb/10/61/10-12/en Bhagavata Purana]. Vedabase.net. Retrieved on 2013-05-02.</ref> The ''Vishnu Purana'' says that she has many sons headed by Samba. | According to [[Bhagavata Purana]], Jambavati was the mother of Samba, Sumitra, Purujit, Shatajit, Sahasrajit, Vijaya, Chitraketu, Vasuman, Dravida and Kratu.<ref>[http://vedabase.net/sb/10/61/10-12/en Bhagavata Purana] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430183452/http://vedabase.net/sb/10/61/10-12/en |date=30 April 2008 }}. Vedabase.net. Retrieved on 2013-05-02.</ref> The ''Vishnu Purana'' says that she has many sons headed by Samba. | ||
==Marriage== | ==Marriage== | ||
Samba grew up to be a nuisance to the | Samba grew up to be a nuisance to the race. [[Lakshmanaa]], who was the daughter of [[Duryodhana]] and younger sister of [[Laxman Kumara|Lakshmana Kumara]] had come of age.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://krsnabook.com/67.html |title=Krishna Book Chapter 67: The Marriage of Samba |publisher=Krsnabook.com |access-date=2012-08-26}}</ref> Her father arranged her [[Svayamvara|swayamvara]] and many princes came to win her hand. Samba had heard of Lakshmana and wanted to marry her. He went to her swayamvara and abducted her. He defeated the Kuru [[Hindu mythological wars|maharathis]] who pursued him but was finally caught. He was arrested by the Kuru elders and thrown in prison.<ref name="Mani" /> | ||
Lakshmana's swayamvara was re-arranged but no other prince was willing to marry her, since it was considered that a woman abducted by another man belonged to that man | Lakshmana's swayamvara was re-arranged, but no other prince was willing to marry her, since it was considered that a woman abducted by another man belonged to that man. The princes were actually afraid of the Yadavas who might attack them on Samba's behalf. Balarama, who was fond of his notorious nephew, went to Hastinapura to bail him out. The Kurus refused. Balarama became enraged and started smashing up the palace. Soon after, Duryodhana apologised for their conduct. Balarama was pacified and ordered the Kurus to free Samba. Duryodhana then married his daughter off to Samba. Samba and Lakshmanaa had ten children.<ref name="Mani" /> | ||
==Curse of Leprosy== | ==Curse of Leprosy== | ||
According to [[Mahabharata]]'s [[Mausala Parva]], Samba died because some Rishis cursed him that he will die from his father's hand.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kumar |first=Savitri V. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HqYcAAAAMAAJ&q=nandini+samba |title=The Paurāṇic Lore of Holy Water-places: With Special Reference to Skanda Purāṇa |date=1983 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |isbn=978-81-215-0147-7 |pages=85 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Mani b">{{cite book | last = Mani | first = Vettam | title = Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature | url = https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft | publisher = Motilal Banarsidass Publishers | year = 1975 <!-- | location = Delhi --> | isbn = 978-0-8426-0822-0 | author-link = Vettam Mani|page = [https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/677 677]}}</ref><ref name="Pattanaik2000">{{cite book|author=Devdutt Pattanaik|title=The Goddess in India: The Five Faces of the Eternal Feminine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rjL3ogbdJNkC|access-date=24 April 2013|date=1 September 2000|publisher=Inner Traditions / Bear & Co|isbn=978-0-89281-807-5|pages=101–2}}</ref> | |||
In another version of the tale, one day, Samba teased the sage Narada for his looks. The sage felt humiliated and was infuriated. He decided to teach Samba a lesson. He lured Samba to the private bathing pool where his stepmothers were taking baths. Finding intrusion on their privacy, they all complained to Krishna. Krishna was mortified to learn that his son had been peeping and cursed him to suffer from leprosy. Samba pleaded his innocence and expressed that he was misled by Narada. Krishna found it to be true and repented for his action in haste. As the curse cannot be revoked, he advised Samba to pray to Surya who alone can cure him of the deadly disease and Surya destroyed Sambha's leprosy.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-04|title=Opinion: Samba Dashami Or Sambar Dashami|url=https://odishatv.in/odisha-news/opinion-samba-dashami-or-sambar-dashami-425813|access-date=2021-01-13|website=Latest Odisha News, Breaking News Today {{!}} Top Updates on Corona - OTV News|language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
The | The [[Samba Purana]] consists of the narrative of Samba getting infected by leprosy, after being cursed by sage [[Durvasa]] for mocking him. Later, he got cured by worshipping [[Surya]] in the temple constructed by him in Mitravana on the banks of the [[Chenab River|Chandrabhaga]], which was once [[Multan Sun Temple]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dowson|first1=John|title=A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, Geography, History and Literature|date=5 November 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136390296|pages=276–77|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=leH7AQAAQBAJ&q=samba+krishna+curse&pg=PA276|access-date=29 April 2017|language=en}}</ref> Samba underwent penance for 12 years in Mitravana near the shores of Chandrabhaga.<ref name=officiallegend>{{cite web|url=http://konark.nic.in/legend.HTM|title=Official website: The Sun Temple Legend|publisher=Tourism Department, Government of Orissa|access-date=27 July 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231010457/http://www.konark.nic.in/legend.HTM|archive-date=31 December 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Both the original [[Konark Sun Temple]] and the [[Multan Sun Temple]]<ref name="Cunningham1871">{{cite book|author=Sir Alexander Cunningham|title=The Ancient Geography of India: I. The Buddhist Period, Including the Campaigns of Alexander, and the Travels of Hwen-Thsang|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yH9Xef_vm1EC&pg=PA233|access-date=27 July 2013|year=1871|publisher=Trübner & Company|page=233}}</ref> at [[Multan]], earlier known as Kashyapapura, have been attributed to Samba. He was cured by the Sun God [[Surya]] after 12 years of penance near [[Konark]]. Samba deeply chanted and meditated toward Surya and Surya destroyed Sambha's leprosy. Similarly in the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]], he built original [[Kandaha Surya Mandir]] also known as ''Markandeyark Surya Mandir'' at Kandaha village of the present [[Saharsa district]] in the state of [[Bihar]], to get rid from the curse.<ref>{{Cite web |title=देश के 12 सूर्य मंदिरों में एक है कंदाहा का सूर्य मंदिर - |url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/saharsa-14961338.html |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> As a tradition in the state of [[Odisha]], [[India]] this day is celebrated as [[Samba Dashami]] on the 10th day of the Shukla Paksha of [[Pausha]] [[Astronomical basis of the Hindu calendar|Masa]]. On this day, mothers and fathers pray to Surya for the health of their children. | ||
==Destruction of the Yadava clan== | ==Destruction of the Yadava clan== | ||
[[File: Samba | [[File:Samba dressed as a pregnant woman, presented to the sages - Illustrations from the Barddhaman edition of Mahabharata.jpg|thumb|Samba dressed as a pregnant woman being presented to the sages - Illustrations from the Barddhaman edition of Mahabharata.]] | ||
At the end of [[Kurukshetra war]], all 100 of [[Gandhari (character)|Gandhari]]'s sons, the [[Kaurava]]s, were killed by their cousins, the [[Pandavas]], who were aided by Krishna. Pandavas also lost all of their sons. Gandhari cursed Krishna for allowing all this destruction to happen. She cursed that he, his city and all his subjects would be destroyed. Krishna accepted the curse.<ref name=kmg>[https://archive.org/stream/mahabharataofkri06royp#page/n3/mode/2up Stri Parva] The Mahabharata, Translated by Kisari Mohan Ganguli, Published by P.C. Roy (1889)</ref><ref name="Tears of Gandhari">{{cite web|last1=Pattanaik|first1=Devdutt|title=Tears of Gandhari|url=http://devdutt.com/articles/indian-mythology/mahabharata/tears-of-gandhari.html|website=Devdutt|date=28 November 2008|access-date=20 April 2018|archive-date=18 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618123045/http://devdutt.com/articles/indian-mythology/mahabharata/tears-of-gandhari.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
The book [[Mausala Parva]] describes the fulfillment of the curse 36 years after the end of the great war. With Yudhisthira's realm now peaceful and prosperous, the youth of the Yadava clan have become frivolous and hedonistic. Samba dresses up as a woman and his friends meet Rishi [[Vishwamitra]], [[Durvasa]], [[Vashista]], [[Narada]] and other [[rishi]]s, who were visiting Dwaraka for an audience with Krishna. The young man playfully pretending to be a woman claims that he is pregnant and asks the rishis to predict the gender of the baby. One rishi sees through the prank. In a fit of rage, he curses that Samba will give birth to an iron bolt ([[Gada (mace)]] a weapon) that will destroy his entire race. As per the curse, the next day, Samba gave birth to an iron rod. The youth informed King [[Ugrasena]] of what had happened. Ugrasena ordered Samba to crush the rod into powder and cast it into the Prabhas sea. The powder washed up onto the seashore and grew into long reeds of eraká grass. Later on in the story, the Yadavas are at that same seashore for a festival, when a fight breaks out between them all. Not having any weapons to hand, the Yadavas break off the eraká grass, which they discovered was as strong as iron, and use this to kill each other. Thus, the iron bolt destroys the entire Yadava Clan. | |||
One larger piece of the bolt was swallowed by a fish. That same fish was caught by a hunter named Jara, who in his past life was [[Vali (Ramayana)|Vali]] in the [[Ramayana]]. He removed the iron piece from his catch and noticing that it had a point and arrowhead-like shape, sharpened it as such and stuck it onto the tip of one of his arrows. The hunter Jara mistook Krishna's partly visible left foot for a deer and shot the arrow. The arrow mortally wounded Krishna resulting in his departure from the earth.<ref>{{Cite web|title=क्या आप जानते हैं, कैसे हुई थी श्रीकृष्ण की मृत्यु|url=https://www.jagran.com/spiritual/sant-saadhak-how-did-you-know-the-death-of-krishna-14554759.html|website=Dainik Jagran|access-date=3 July 2020}}</ref> | |||
One larger piece of the bolt was swallowed by a fish. That same fish was caught by a hunter named | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 61: | Line 60: | ||
*[[Mausala Parva]] | *[[Mausala Parva]] | ||
==References== | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
== Bibliography == | |||
{{refbegin}} | {{refbegin}} | ||
*{{ | * {{cite book |title=The Body of God: An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram |first=D. Dennis |last=Hudson |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-199-70902-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IMCxbOezDi4C}} | ||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
[[Category: People related to Krishna]] | [[Category: People related to Krishna]] | ||
[[Category: Characters in the Mahabharata]] | [[Category: Characters in the Mahabharata]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:41, 9 August 2025
| Samba | |
|---|---|
 Samba, holding a cup, in the Kondamotu Vrishni heroes relief, 4th century CE | |
| Texts | Bhagavata Purana, Devi-Bhagavata Purana, Mahabharata, Samba Purana, Skanda Purana |
| Gender | Male |
| Personal information | |
| Parents | |
| Spouse | Lakshmanaa(Kaurava princess) [1][2] |
| Dynasty | Yaduvamsha-Chandravamsha |
Template:Vrishni heroes Samba (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; IAST: sāmba) was a son of the Hindu god Krishna and his second consort, Jambavati. His foolish prank brought an end to the Yadu dynasty.[3]
Early worship[edit | edit source]
In the 1st century BC, there seems to be evidence for a worship of five Vrishni heroes (Balarama, Krishna, Pradyumna, Aniruddha, and Samba), due to the Mora Well Inscription found at Mora near Mathura, which apparently mentions a son of the great satrap Rajuvula, probably the satrap Sodasa and an image of Vrishni, "probably Vasudeva, and of the "Five Warriors".[4] The Brahmi inscription can be seen on the Mora stone slab, now in the Mathura Museum.[5][6]
Birth[edit | edit source]
The Mahabharata and the Devi Bhagavata Purana narrate the story of the birth of Samba. Jambavati was unhappy when she realized that only she had not given birth to a child while all the other wives had many children. She approached Krishna to find a solution and to be blessed with a son like the handsome Pradyumna, Krishna's first-born son.
Krishna knew this son would herald in the destruction of the Yadu clan, and therefore needed to be a form of Shiva's destructive energy. Then Krishna went to the hermitage of the sage Upamanyu in the Himalayas and as advised by the sage, he started to pray to the god Shiva. He performed his penance for six months in various postures; once holding a skull and a rod, then standing on one leg only in the next month and surviving on water only, during the third month he did penance standing on his toes and living on air only. Pleased with the austerities, Shiva finally appeared before Krishna as Samba, (Ardhanarishvara) the half-female, half-male form of the god Shiva-Shakti, asked him to ask a boon. Krishna then sought a son from Jambavati, which was granted. A son was born soon thereafter, named Samba, the form Shiva had appeared before Krishna.[7][8]
According to Bhagavata Purana, Jambavati was the mother of Samba, Sumitra, Purujit, Shatajit, Sahasrajit, Vijaya, Chitraketu, Vasuman, Dravida and Kratu.[9] The Vishnu Purana says that she has many sons headed by Samba.
Marriage[edit | edit source]
Samba grew up to be a nuisance to the race. Lakshmanaa, who was the daughter of Duryodhana and younger sister of Lakshmana Kumara had come of age.[10] Her father arranged her swayamvara and many princes came to win her hand. Samba had heard of Lakshmana and wanted to marry her. He went to her swayamvara and abducted her. He defeated the Kuru maharathis who pursued him but was finally caught. He was arrested by the Kuru elders and thrown in prison.[8]
Lakshmana's swayamvara was re-arranged, but no other prince was willing to marry her, since it was considered that a woman abducted by another man belonged to that man. The princes were actually afraid of the Yadavas who might attack them on Samba's behalf. Balarama, who was fond of his notorious nephew, went to Hastinapura to bail him out. The Kurus refused. Balarama became enraged and started smashing up the palace. Soon after, Duryodhana apologised for their conduct. Balarama was pacified and ordered the Kurus to free Samba. Duryodhana then married his daughter off to Samba. Samba and Lakshmanaa had ten children.[8]
Curse of Leprosy[edit | edit source]
According to Mahabharata's Mausala Parva, Samba died because some Rishis cursed him that he will die from his father's hand.[11][1][12]
In another version of the tale, one day, Samba teased the sage Narada for his looks. The sage felt humiliated and was infuriated. He decided to teach Samba a lesson. He lured Samba to the private bathing pool where his stepmothers were taking baths. Finding intrusion on their privacy, they all complained to Krishna. Krishna was mortified to learn that his son had been peeping and cursed him to suffer from leprosy. Samba pleaded his innocence and expressed that he was misled by Narada. Krishna found it to be true and repented for his action in haste. As the curse cannot be revoked, he advised Samba to pray to Surya who alone can cure him of the deadly disease and Surya destroyed Sambha's leprosy.[13]
The Samba Purana consists of the narrative of Samba getting infected by leprosy, after being cursed by sage Durvasa for mocking him. Later, he got cured by worshipping Surya in the temple constructed by him in Mitravana on the banks of the Chandrabhaga, which was once Multan Sun Temple.[14] Samba underwent penance for 12 years in Mitravana near the shores of Chandrabhaga.[15] Both the original Konark Sun Temple and the Multan Sun Temple[16] at Multan, earlier known as Kashyapapura, have been attributed to Samba. He was cured by the Sun God Surya after 12 years of penance near Konark. Samba deeply chanted and meditated toward Surya and Surya destroyed Sambha's leprosy. Similarly in the Mithila region, he built original Kandaha Surya Mandir also known as Markandeyark Surya Mandir at Kandaha village of the present Saharsa district in the state of Bihar, to get rid from the curse.[17] As a tradition in the state of Odisha, India this day is celebrated as Samba Dashami on the 10th day of the Shukla Paksha of Pausha Masa. On this day, mothers and fathers pray to Surya for the health of their children.
Destruction of the Yadava clan[edit | edit source]
At the end of Kurukshetra war, all 100 of Gandhari's sons, the Kauravas, were killed by their cousins, the Pandavas, who were aided by Krishna. Pandavas also lost all of their sons. Gandhari cursed Krishna for allowing all this destruction to happen. She cursed that he, his city and all his subjects would be destroyed. Krishna accepted the curse.[18][19]
The book Mausala Parva describes the fulfillment of the curse 36 years after the end of the great war. With Yudhisthira's realm now peaceful and prosperous, the youth of the Yadava clan have become frivolous and hedonistic. Samba dresses up as a woman and his friends meet Rishi Vishwamitra, Durvasa, Vashista, Narada and other rishis, who were visiting Dwaraka for an audience with Krishna. The young man playfully pretending to be a woman claims that he is pregnant and asks the rishis to predict the gender of the baby. One rishi sees through the prank. In a fit of rage, he curses that Samba will give birth to an iron bolt (Gada (mace) a weapon) that will destroy his entire race. As per the curse, the next day, Samba gave birth to an iron rod. The youth informed King Ugrasena of what had happened. Ugrasena ordered Samba to crush the rod into powder and cast it into the Prabhas sea. The powder washed up onto the seashore and grew into long reeds of eraká grass. Later on in the story, the Yadavas are at that same seashore for a festival, when a fight breaks out between them all. Not having any weapons to hand, the Yadavas break off the eraká grass, which they discovered was as strong as iron, and use this to kill each other. Thus, the iron bolt destroys the entire Yadava Clan.
One larger piece of the bolt was swallowed by a fish. That same fish was caught by a hunter named Jara, who in his past life was Vali in the Ramayana. He removed the iron piece from his catch and noticing that it had a point and arrowhead-like shape, sharpened it as such and stuck it onto the tip of one of his arrows. The hunter Jara mistook Krishna's partly visible left foot for a deer and shot the arrow. The arrow mortally wounded Krishna resulting in his departure from the earth.[20]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mani, Vettam (1975). Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p. 677. ISBN 978-0-8426-0822-0.
- ↑ "Story of Sāmba". 28 January 2019.
- ↑ Hudson (2008), p. 101
- ↑ Barnett, Lionel David (1922). Hindu Gods and Heroes: Studies in the History of the Religion of India. J. Murray. p. 93.
- ↑ Puri, B.N. (1968). India in the Time of Patanjali. Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan.Page 51: The coins of Raj uvula have been recovered from the Sultanpur District.. the Brahmi inscription on the Mora stone slab, now in the Mathura Museum,
- ↑ Barnett, Lionel David (1922). Hindu Gods and Heroes: Studies in the History of the Religion of India. J. Murray. p. 92.
- ↑ Swami Parmeshwaranand (2004). Encyclopaedia of the Śaivism. Sarup & Sons. p. 62. ISBN 978-81-7625-427-4.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Vettam Mani (1975). Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. pp. 342, 677. ISBN 978-0-8426-0822-0.
- ↑ Bhagavata Purana Archived 30 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Vedabase.net. Retrieved on 2013-05-02.
- ↑ "Krishna Book Chapter 67: The Marriage of Samba". Krsnabook.com. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
- ↑ Kumar, Savitri V. (1983). The Paurāṇic Lore of Holy Water-places: With Special Reference to Skanda Purāṇa. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 85. ISBN 978-81-215-0147-7.
- ↑ Devdutt Pattanaik (1 September 2000). The Goddess in India: The Five Faces of the Eternal Feminine. Inner Traditions / Bear & Co. pp. 101–2. ISBN 978-0-89281-807-5. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
- ↑ "Opinion: Samba Dashami Or Sambar Dashami". Latest Odisha News, Breaking News Today | Top Updates on Corona - OTV News. 4 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
- ↑ Dowson, John (5 November 2013). A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, Geography, History and Literature. Routledge. pp. 276–77. ISBN 9781136390296. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
- ↑ "Official website: The Sun Temple Legend". Tourism Department, Government of Orissa. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- ↑ Sir Alexander Cunningham (1871). The Ancient Geography of India: I. The Buddhist Period, Including the Campaigns of Alexander, and the Travels of Hwen-Thsang. Trübner & Company. p. 233. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- ↑ "देश के 12 सूर्य मंदिरों में एक है कंदाहा का सूर्य मंदिर -". Jagran (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 22 March 2025.
- ↑ Stri Parva The Mahabharata, Translated by Kisari Mohan Ganguli, Published by P.C. Roy (1889)
- ↑ Pattanaik, Devdutt (28 November 2008). "Tears of Gandhari". Devdutt. Archived from the original on 18 June 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "क्या आप जानते हैं, कैसे हुई थी श्रीकृष्ण की मृत्यु". Dainik Jagran. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Hudson, D. Dennis (2008). The Body of God: An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-199-70902-1.