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| deputy              = [[Sylvia Trent-Adams]]<br>[[Erica Schwartz]]
| deputy              = [[Sylvia Trent-Adams]]<br>[[Erica Schwartz]]
| term_start          = September 5, 2017
| term_start          = September 5, 2017
| term_end            = January 20, 2021  
| term_end            = January 20, 2021
| predecessor        = [[Vivek Murthy]]
| predecessor        = [[Vivek Murthy]]
| successor          = Vivek Murthy
| successor          = Vivek Murthy
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| term_end1          = September 5, 2017
| term_end1          = September 5, 2017
| predecessor1        = William VanNess<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ibj.com/articles/49881-pence-names-adams-indiana-s-health-commissioner |title=Pence names Adams Indiana's health commissioner |date=October 9, 2014 |access-date=March 25, 2018}}</ref>
| predecessor1        = William VanNess<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ibj.com/articles/49881-pence-names-adams-indiana-s-health-commissioner |title=Pence names Adams Indiana's health commissioner |date=October 9, 2014 |access-date=March 25, 2018}}</ref>
| successor1          = Kristina Box<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/indiana-names-ob-gyn-to-fill-vacated-health-commissioner-seat |title=Indiana Names OB-GYN To Fill Vacated Health Commissioner Seat |publisher=Wfyi.org |access-date=June 10, 2019 |date=September 18, 2017}}</ref>
| successor1          = [[Kristina Box]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/indiana-names-ob-gyn-to-fill-vacated-health-commissioner-seat |title=Indiana Names OB-GYN To Fill Vacated Health Commissioner Seat |publisher=Wfyi.org |access-date=June 10, 2019 |date=September 18, 2017}}</ref>
| birth_name          = Jerome Michael Adams
| birth_name          = Jerome Michael Adams
| birth_date          = {{nowrap|{{Birth date and age|1974|09|22}}}}
| birth_date          = {{nowrap|{{Birth date and age|1974|09|22}}}}
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| spouse              = Lacey Adams
| spouse              = Lacey Adams
| children            = 3
| children            = 3
| education          = [[University of Maryland, Baltimore County]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Bachelor of Science|BS]])<br>[[Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis|Indiana University, Indianapolis]] ([[Doctor of Medicine|MD]])<br />[[University of California, Berkeley]] ([[Professional degrees of public health|MPH]])
| education          = [[University of Maryland]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Bachelor of Science|BS]])<br>[[Indiana University]] ([[Doctor of Medicine|MD]])<br />[[University of California, Berkeley]] ([[Professional degrees of public health|MPH]])
|module={{Infobox uniformed officer
| module             = {{Infobox military person
|embed=yes
|embed=yes
|embed_title=Uniformed service
|embed_title=Uniformed service
| allegiance          = {{flag|United States}}
| allegiance          = United States  
| branch              = {{flagicon image|Flag of the United States Public Health Service.svg|size=23px}} [[United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|PHS Commissioned Corps]]
| branch              = [[United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|PHS Commissioned Corps]]
| serviceyears        = 2017–2021
| serviceyears        = 2017–2021
| rank                = [[File:US-O9 insignia.svg|25px]] [[Vice admiral (United States)|Vice Admiral]]
| rank                = [[Vice admiral (United States)|Vice Admiral]]
| module              = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Jerome Adams speaks on Opioid Abuse.ogg|title=Jerome Adams's voice|type=speech|description=Jerome Adams speaks on [[Opioid epidemic|Opioid Abuse]]<br/>Recorded June 13, 2019}}
| module              = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Jerome Adams speaks on Opioid Abuse.ogg|title=Jerome Adams's voice|type=speech|description=Jerome Adams speaks on [[Opioid epidemic|Opioid Abuse]]<br/>Recorded June 13, 2019}}
}}
}}
| caption            = Official portrait, 2019
}}
}}


'''Jerome Michael Adams'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Nominee Report {{!}} U.S. Office of Government Ethics |url=http://altgov2.org/wp-content/uploads/Adams-Jerome-M.-final278.pdf |website=altgov2.org |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref> (born September 22, 1974) is an American [[Anesthesiology|anesthesiologist]] and a former [[Vice admiral (United States)|vice admiral]] in the [[United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps]] who served as the 20th [[Surgeon General of the United States|surgeon general of the United States]] from September 5, 2017 until January 20, 2021. Prior to becoming Surgeon General, he served as the Indiana state health commissioner, from 2014 to 2017.  
'''Jerome Michael Adams'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Nominee Report {{!}} U.S. Office of Government Ethics |url=http://altgov2.org/wp-content/uploads/Adams-Jerome-M.-final278.pdf |website=altgov2.org |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref> (born September 22, 1974) is an American [[Anesthesiology|anesthesiologist]] and a former [[Vice admiral (United States)|vice admiral]] in the [[United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps]] who served as the 20th [[Surgeon General of the United States|surgeon general of the United States]] from September 5, 2017, until January 20, 2021. Prior to becoming Surgeon General, he served as the Indiana state health commissioner, from 2014 to 2017.


On June 29, 2017, President [[Donald Trump]] [[List of positions filled by presidential appointment with Senate confirmation|nominated]] Adams to become Surgeon General of the United States.<ref name="statnews.com">{{Cite web|last=Joseph|first=Andrew|date=2017-06-29|title=Jerome Adams nominated as new U.S. surgeon general|url=https://www.statnews.com/2017/06/29/jerome-adams-new-u-s-surgeon-general/|access-date=2021-02-27|website=STAT|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=FOX59 Web|date=June 29, 2017|title=President Trump nominates Indiana Health Commissioner Jerome Adams for U.S. Surgeon General|url=http://fox59.com/2017/06/29/trump-nominates-indiana-health-commissioner-jerome-adams-for-u-s-surgeon-general/|access-date=June 29, 2017|website=Fox 59}}</ref> Adams was confirmed by the [[United States Senate]] on August 3, 2017.<ref name="confirmed">{{cite news |last1=Scutti |first1=Susan |title=Dr. Jerome Adams confirmed as surgeon general |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/04/health/jerome-adams-surgeon-general-confirmation/index.html |access-date=August 4, 2017 |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=August 4, 2017}}</ref> Adams' tenure as Surgeon General coincided with the onset of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Diamond |first=Dan |date=2020-04-20 |title=Surgeon general gets pushed to sidelines, sparking questions |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/20/surgeon-general-coronavirus-197508 |access-date=2023-07-12 |website=POLITICO |language=en}}</ref>
On June 29, 2017, President [[Donald Trump]] [[List of positions filled by presidential appointment with Senate confirmation|nominated]] Adams to become Surgeon General of the United States.<ref name="statnews.com">{{Cite web|last=Joseph|first=Andrew|date=2017-06-29|title=Jerome Adams nominated as new U.S. surgeon general|url=https://www.statnews.com/2017/06/29/jerome-adams-new-u-s-surgeon-general/|access-date=2021-02-27|website=STAT|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=FOX59 Web|date=June 29, 2017|title=President Trump nominates Indiana Health Commissioner Jerome Adams for U.S. Surgeon General|url=http://fox59.com/2017/06/29/trump-nominates-indiana-health-commissioner-jerome-adams-for-u-s-surgeon-general/|access-date=June 29, 2017|website=Fox 59|archive-date=August 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823141910/https://fox59.com/2017/06/29/trump-nominates-indiana-health-commissioner-jerome-adams-for-u-s-surgeon-general/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Adams was confirmed by the [[United States Senate]] on August 3, 2017.<ref name="confirmed">{{cite news |last1=Scutti |first1=Susan |title=Dr. Jerome Adams confirmed as surgeon general |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/04/health/jerome-adams-surgeon-general-confirmation/index.html |access-date=August 4, 2017 |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=August 4, 2017}}</ref> Adams' tenure as Surgeon General coincided with the onset of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref name="Diamond">{{Cite web |last=Diamond |first=Dan |date=2020-04-20 |title=Surgeon general gets pushed to sidelines, sparking questions |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/20/surgeon-general-coronavirus-197508 |access-date=2023-07-12 |website=POLITICO |language=en}}</ref>


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
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===Indiana state health commissioner===
===Indiana state health commissioner===
In October 2014, Adams was appointed Indiana state health commissioner. He was originally appointed by Governor [[Mike Pence]] and re-appointed by newly elected governor [[Eric Holcomb]] in 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.in.gov/isdh/18940.htm |title=ISDH: State Health Commissioner |website=in.gov |access-date=March 25, 2018 |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407024714/https://www.in.gov/isdh/18940.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> In this role, he oversaw the Public Health Protection and Laboratory Services, Health and Human Services, Health Care Quality and Regulatory, and Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Commissions. He also served as Secretary of Indiana State Department of Health's Executive Board, as Chairman of the Indiana State Trauma Care Committee, as President of the Healthy Hoosier Foundation, and as Co-chairman of the Indiana [[Perinatal]] Quality Improvement Collaborative Governing Council.<ref name="IU-bio"/> During an HIV epidemic in 2015, Adams initially opposed needle-exchange programs on "moral" grounds, but he later changed his position as cases continued to mount.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schumaker|first=Erin|date=2017-06-30|title=How An HIV Outbreak Changed Trump's Surgeon General Nominee|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/jerome-adams-surgeon-general-opioid-addiction-hiv_n_59565cbfe4b02734df31d2e8|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[HuffPost]]|language=en}}</ref>
In October 2014, Adams was appointed Indiana state health commissioner. He was originally appointed by Governor [[Mike Pence]] and re-appointed by newly elected governor [[Eric Holcomb]] in 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.in.gov/isdh/18940.htm |title=ISDH: State Health Commissioner |website=in.gov |access-date=March 25, 2018 |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407024714/https://www.in.gov/isdh/18940.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> In this role, he oversaw the Public Health Protection and Laboratory Services, Health and Human Services, Health Care Quality and Regulatory, and Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Commissions. He also served as Secretary of Indiana State Department of Health's executive board, as Chairman of the Indiana State Trauma Care Committee, as President of the Healthy Hoosier Foundation, and as co-chairman of the Indiana [[Perinatal]] Quality Improvement Collaborative Governing Council.<ref name="IU-bio"/> During an HIV epidemic in 2015, Adams initially opposed needle-exchange programs on "moral" grounds, but he later changed his position as cases continued to mount.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schumaker|first=Erin|date=2017-06-30|title=How An HIV Outbreak Changed Trump's Surgeon General Nominee|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/jerome-adams-surgeon-general-opioid-addiction-hiv_n_59565cbfe4b02734df31d2e8|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[HuffPost]]|language=en}}</ref>


===Surgeon General of the United States===
===Surgeon General of the United States===
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In April 2018, Adams urged Americans who are at risk of overdosing on opioids, as well as their family and friends, to carry an [[Over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] antidote to help combat rising fatalities.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/05/surgeon-general-jerome-adams-urges-americans-to-carry-overdose-antidote.html |title=Surgeon general urges Americans to carry overdose antidote |last=CNBC |date=April 5, 2018 |work=[[CNBC]] |access-date=April 5, 2018 |archive-date=April 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406041530/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/05/surgeon-general-jerome-adams-urges-americans-to-carry-overdose-antidote.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-04-05|title=Americans urged to carry overdose antidote in effort to tackle drug deaths|language=en|work=TheJournal.ie|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/jerome-adams-naloxone-3942991-Apr2018/|access-date=April 5, 2018}}</ref> In May 2018, Adams responded to an in-flight medical emergency on a flight to [[Jackson, Mississippi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Leonard |first=Kimberly |date=May 16, 2018 |title=When the Delta crew asked if there was a doctor on board, they got a yes – from the surgeon general |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/healthcare/surgeon-general-jerome-adams-flight-doctor |work=Washington Examiner |access-date=May 16, 2018}}</ref>
In April 2018, Adams urged Americans who are at risk of overdosing on opioids, as well as their family and friends, to carry an [[Over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] antidote to help combat rising fatalities.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/05/surgeon-general-jerome-adams-urges-americans-to-carry-overdose-antidote.html |title=Surgeon general urges Americans to carry overdose antidote |last=CNBC |date=April 5, 2018 |work=[[CNBC]] |access-date=April 5, 2018 |archive-date=April 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406041530/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/05/surgeon-general-jerome-adams-urges-americans-to-carry-overdose-antidote.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-04-05|title=Americans urged to carry overdose antidote in effort to tackle drug deaths|language=en|work=TheJournal.ie|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/jerome-adams-naloxone-3942991-Apr2018/|access-date=April 5, 2018}}</ref> In May 2018, Adams responded to an in-flight medical emergency on a flight to [[Jackson, Mississippi]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Leonard |first=Kimberly |date=May 16, 2018 |title=When the Delta crew asked if there was a doctor on board, they got a yes – from the surgeon general |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/healthcare/surgeon-general-jerome-adams-flight-doctor |work=Washington Examiner |access-date=May 16, 2018}}</ref>


In September 2018, Adams began a campaign along with other public health officials to promote seasonal flu vaccinations. The [[2017–18 United States flu season|2017 flu epidemic]] had resulted in the deaths of an estimated 80,000 Americans, the highest number of deaths in at least four decades, according to [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]] director [[Robert R. Redfield|Robert Redfield]]. Of the 180 children who died, 80 percent were unvaccinated.<ref>{{Cite web|last=O'Reilly|first=Eileen Drage|title=Last year's flu season killed the most people in the U.S. in 4 decades|url=https://www.axios.com/campaign-to-prevent-another-deadly-flu-season-6f4983d9-e001-4b9a-95e9-be57323bc4d8.html|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[Axios (website) | Axios]]|date=September 27, 2018 |language=en}}</ref>
In September 2018, Adams began a campaign along with other public health officials to promote seasonal flu vaccinations. The [[2017–18 United States flu season|2017 flu epidemic]] had resulted in the deaths of an estimated 80,000 Americans, the highest number of deaths in at least four decades, according to [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]] director [[Robert R. Redfield|Robert Redfield]]. Of the 180 children who died, 80 percent were unvaccinated.<ref>{{Cite web|last=O'Reilly|first=Eileen Drage|title=Last year's flu season killed the most people in the U.S. in 4 decades|url=https://www.axios.com/campaign-to-prevent-another-deadly-flu-season-6f4983d9-e001-4b9a-95e9-be57323bc4d8.html|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|date=September 27, 2018 |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="confirmed" />
<ref name="confirmed" />


====COVID-19 pandemic====
====COVID-19 pandemic====
[[File:President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force Brief the Press (49645645448).jpg|thumb|Adams speaking to the [[White House]] press corps on [[COVID-19]] in March 2020.]]
[[File:President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force Brief the Press (49645645448).jpg|thumb|Adams speaking to the [[White House]] press corps on [[COVID-19]] in March 2020.]]
In February 2020, Adams was appointed to the task force for dealing with the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/health/who-are-the-coronavirus-task-force-members Who are the Coronavirus Task Force members?]</ref> Adams initially downplayed the risk from COVID-19 by comparing it to the flu, which was criticized by experts.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Law |first1=Tara |title=Surgeon General Adams Warns of 'Saddest Week of Most Americans' Lives' as COVID-19 Pandemic Spreads |url=https://time.com/5815870/jerome-adams-surgeon-general-saddest-week-covid-19/ |magazine=Time |date=April 6, 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Stieb |first1=Matt |title=As White House Tells States to 'Do Your Part,' Governors Ask What Trump Is Doing |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/04/governors-reject-trump-admins-do-your-part-message.html |access-date=April 13, 2020 |work=[[New York (magazine) | New York Intelligencer]] |agency=[[New York (magazine) | New York Intelligencer]] |date=April 5, 2020 |language=en-us}}</ref> He also strongly implored people not to buy or use [[Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic|face masks]] because he said they were “NOT effective” in preventing the general public from catching COVID-19,<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Cramer|first1=Maria|last2=Sheikh|first2=Knvul|date=2020-02-29|title=Surgeon General Urges the Public to Stop Buying Face Masks|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/29/health/coronavirus-n95-face-masks.html|access-date=2021-02-27|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Asmelash|first=Leah|date=2020-02-29|title=The surgeon general wants Americans to stop buying face masks|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/29/health/face-masks-coronavirus-surgeon-general-trnd/index.html|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> and that wearing a mask could actually increase the risk of catching the virus.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Perrett|first=Connor|date=2020-03-02|title=The US Surgeon General once warned against wearing face masks for the coronavirus but the CDC now recommends it|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/americans-dont-need-masks-pence-says-as-demand-increases-2020-2|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> This was in line with other health experts, including [[Anthony Fauci]], who were working on limited information at the time.
In February 2020, Adams was appointed to the task force for dealing with the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/health/who-are-the-coronavirus-task-force-members Who are the Coronavirus Task Force members?]</ref> Adams initially downplayed the risk from COVID-19 by comparing it to the flu, which was criticized by experts.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Law |first1=Tara |title=Surgeon General Adams Warns of 'Saddest Week of Most Americans' Lives' as COVID-19 Pandemic Spreads |url=https://time.com/5815870/jerome-adams-surgeon-general-saddest-week-covid-19/ |magazine=Time |date=April 6, 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Stieb |first1=Matt |title=As White House Tells States to 'Do Your Part,' Governors Ask What Trump Is Doing |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/04/governors-reject-trump-admins-do-your-part-message.html |access-date=April 13, 2020 |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York Intelligencer]] |agency=[[New York (magazine)|New York Intelligencer]] |date=April 5, 2020 |language=en-us}}</ref> He also strongly implored people not to buy or use [[Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic|face masks]] because he said they were “NOT effective” in preventing the general public from catching COVID-19,<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Cramer|first1=Maria|last2=Sheikh|first2=Knvul|date=2020-02-29|title=Surgeon General Urges the Public to Stop Buying Face Masks|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/29/health/coronavirus-n95-face-masks.html|access-date=2021-02-27|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Asmelash|first=Leah|date=2020-02-29|title=The surgeon general wants Americans to stop buying face masks|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/29/health/face-masks-coronavirus-surgeon-general-trnd/index.html|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> and that wearing a mask could actually increase the risk of catching the virus.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Perrett|first=Connor|date=2020-03-02|title=The US Surgeon General once warned against wearing face masks for the coronavirus but the CDC now recommends it|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/americans-dont-need-masks-pence-says-as-demand-increases-2020-2|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> This was in line with other United States Public Health officials, including [[Anthony Fauci]], who later admitted his recommendation was not based on science but rather to prevent shortages for doctors and other health professionals.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fauci said US government held off promoting face masks because it knew shortages were so bad that even doctors couldn't get enough|language=en-US|date=2020-06-15|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/fauci-mask-advice-was-because-doctors-shortages-from-the-start-2020-6}}</ref>


Adams later retracted this recommendation because he said there was new information about the asymptomatic spread of the virus.<ref>{{cite news |title=Originally, @CDCgov, @WHO, and my office all recommended against the general public wearing facemasks based on the best available science at the time regarding whether or not they prevent wearers from catching coronavirus. But we are learning more about this disease every day... |url=https://twitter.com/Surgeon_General/status/1245314855575474177 |work=[[Twitter]] |date=April 1, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B |display-authors=6 |title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China |journal=[[Lancet (journal)|Lancet]] |volume=395 |issue=10223 |pages=497–506 |date=February 2020 |pmid=31986264 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5 |pmc=7159299 |url=https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2820%2930183-5|doi-access=free }} {{free access}}</ref> ''[[Politico]]'' reported in April 2020 that Adams had been largely sidelined by the administration.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Diamond |first=Dan |date=2020-04-20 |title=Surgeon general gets pushed to sidelines, sparking questions |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/20/surgeon-general-coronavirus-197508 |access-date=2023-07-12 |website=POLITICO |language=en}}</ref>  
Adams later retracted this recommendation because he said there was new information about the asymptomatic spread of the virus.<ref>{{cite news |title=Originally, @CDCgov, @WHO, and my office all recommended against the general public wearing facemasks based on the best available science at the time regarding whether or not they prevent wearers from catching coronavirus. But we are learning more about this disease every day... |url=https://twitter.com/Surgeon_General/status/1245314855575474177 |work=[[Twitter]] |date=April 1, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B |display-authors=6 |title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China |journal=[[Lancet (journal)|Lancet]] |volume=395 |issue=10223 |pages=497–506 |date=February 2020 |pmid=31986264 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5 |pmc=7159299 |url=https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2820%2930183-5|doi-access=free }} {{free access}}</ref> ''[[Politico]]'' reported in April 2020 that Adams had been largely sidelined by the administration.<ref name="Diamond"/>


When asked about African-Americans’ increased risks from COVID, Adams replied that “African-Americans and Latinos should avoid alcohol, drugs and tobacco. Do it for your abuela, do it for your granddaddy, do it for your big momma, do it for your pop-pop.” Public health experts criticized his assertions as misleading and lacking adequate context.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bunn |first1=Curtis |title=Black health experts say surgeon general's comments reflect lack of awareness of black community |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/black-health-experts-say-surgeon-general-s-comments-reflect-lack-n1183711 |access-date=April 17, 2020 |work=[[NBC News]] |date=April 15, 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
When asked about African-Americans’ increased risks from COVID, Adams replied that “African-Americans and Latinos should avoid alcohol, drugs and tobacco. Do it for your abuela, do it for your granddaddy, do it for your big momma, do it for your pop-pop.” Public health experts criticized his assertions as misleading and lacking adequate context.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bunn |first1=Curtis |title=Black health experts say surgeon general's comments reflect lack of awareness of black community |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/black-health-experts-say-surgeon-general-s-comments-reflect-lack-n1183711 |access-date=April 17, 2020 |work=[[NBC News]] |date=April 15, 2020 |language=en}}</ref>


Adams expressed concern that the [[George Floyd protests]] could lead to a spike in COVID-19 cases. According to Adams, "Based on the way the disease spreads, there is every reason to expect that we will see new clusters and potentially new outbreaks moving forward."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bowden|first=John|date=2020-06-02|title=Surgeon general: 'Every reason to expect' coronavirus clusters after protests|url=https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/500713-surgeon-general-every-reason-to-expect-coronavirus-clusters-after-protests|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[The Hill (newspaper) | The Hill]]|language=en}}</ref>
Adams expressed concern that the [[George Floyd protests]] could lead to a spike in COVID-19 cases. According to Adams, "Based on the way the disease spreads, there is every reason to expect that we will see new clusters and potentially new outbreaks moving forward."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bowden|first=John|date=2020-06-02|title=Surgeon general: 'Every reason to expect' coronavirus clusters after protests|url=https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/500713-surgeon-general-every-reason-to-expect-coronavirus-clusters-after-protests|access-date=2021-02-27|website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|language=en}}</ref>


Adams confirmed that he was asked to step down as Surgeon General by the incoming Biden administration. Former surgeon general [[Vivek Murthy]] took his place.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pitofsky|first=Marina|date=2021-01-20|title=Surgeon General Jerome Adams says Biden transition asked him to resign|url=https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/534998-jerome-adams-says-biden-transition-asked-him-to-resign|access-date=2021-01-20|website=[[The Hill (newspaper) | The Hill]]|language=en}}</ref> He officially resigned on January 20, 2021, at the request of President [[Joe Biden]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Diamond|first=Dan|date=2021-01-20|title=Surgeon General resigns at Biden's request|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/us-policy/2021/01/20/biden-surgeon-general-resignation/|access-date=2021-01-20}}</ref>
Adams confirmed that he was asked to step down as Surgeon General by the incoming Biden administration. Former surgeon general [[Vivek Murthy]] took his place.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pitofsky|first=Marina|date=2021-01-20|title=Surgeon General Jerome Adams says Biden transition asked him to resign|url=https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/534998-jerome-adams-says-biden-transition-asked-him-to-resign|access-date=2021-01-20|website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|language=en}}</ref> He officially resigned on January 20, 2021, at the request of President [[Joe Biden]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Diamond|first=Dan|date=2021-01-20|title=Surgeon General resigns at Biden's request|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/us-policy/2021/01/20/biden-surgeon-general-resignation/|access-date=2021-01-20}}</ref>


== Subsequent career ==
=== Subsequent career ===
Following his service as surgeon general, Adams joined [[Purdue University]] in October 2021 as a Presidential Fellow and its first executive director of health equity initiatives, professor of practice in the departments of Pharmacy Practice and Public Health, and a faculty member of the Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Purdue Today|url=https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2021/Q3/former-u.s.-surgeon-general-named-presidential-fellow,-to-lead-health-equity-initiatives-at-purdue.html|access-date=2021-10-01}}</ref>
Following his service as surgeon general, Adams joined [[Purdue University]] in October 2021 as a Presidential Fellow and its first executive director of health equity initiatives, professor of practice in the departments of Pharmacy Practice and Public Health, and a faculty member of the Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Purdue Today|url=https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2021/Q3/former-u.s.-surgeon-general-named-presidential-fellow,-to-lead-health-equity-initiatives-at-purdue.html|access-date=2021-10-01}}</ref> Having been part of the Trump administration, he described how this made it difficult to obtain a position in academia or the corporate world.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shapero |first=Julia |date=2022-11-25 |title=Ex-surgeon general: 'People still are afraid to touch anything that is associated with Trump' |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/3750360-ex-surgeon-general-people-still-are-afraid-to-touch-anything-that-is-associated-with-trump/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |work=The Hill |language=en-US}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Adams is [[Catholic Church|Catholic]], and he and his wife Lacey have three children.<ref>{{cite web|title=VADM Jerome M. Adams, M.D., M.P.H.|url=https://www.hhs.gov/about/leadership/jerome-adams/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223033847/https://www.hhs.gov/about/leadership/jerome-adams/index.html|archive-date=2020-12-23|access-date=March 1, 2020|website=HHS.gov U.S. Department of Health & Human Services|date=January 20, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Remedios|first=Jesse|date=2020-04-16|title=Experts question surgeon general who talks God's 'plan' with pandemic|url=https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/experts-question-surgeon-general-who-talks-gods-plan-pandemic|access-date=2021-07-06|website=National Catholic Reporter|language=en}}</ref>
Adams is [[Catholic Church|Catholic]], and he and his wife Lacey have three children.<ref>{{cite web|title=VADM Jerome M. Adams, M.D., M.P.H.|url=https://www.hhs.gov/about/leadership/jerome-adams/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223033847/https://www.hhs.gov/about/leadership/jerome-adams/index.html|archive-date=2020-12-23|access-date=March 1, 2020|website=HHS.gov U.S. Department of Health & Human Services|date=January 20, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Remedios|first=Jesse|date=2020-04-16|title=Experts question surgeon general who talks God's 'plan' with pandemic|url=https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/experts-question-surgeon-general-who-talks-gods-plan-pandemic|access-date=2021-07-06|website=National Catholic Reporter|language=en}}</ref>


==Awards and decorations==
==Awards and decorations==
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|colspan="3"|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=U.S. - Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Outstanding Service Medal ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=USPH Presidential Unit Citation.svg|width=106}}<br/>{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Outstanding Unit Citation ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Unit Commendation ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Crisis Response Service Award ribbon.png|width=106}}<br/>{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Humanitarian Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Regular Corps Ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=USPHS Commissioned Corps Training Ribbon.png|width=106}}
|colspan="3"|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=U.S. - Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Meritorious Service Medal ribbon.png|width=106}}
|-
|colspan="3"|{{Ribbon devices|number=|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Outstanding Service Medal ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Outstanding Unit Citation ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Unit Commendation ribbon.png|width=106}}
|-
|colspan="3"|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=USPHS Global Health Campaign Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=USPHS Covid-19 Pandemic medal ribbon bar.svg|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Crisis Response Service Award ribbon.png|width=106}}
|-
|colspan="3"|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Humanitarian Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Public Health Service Regular Corps Ribbon.png|width=106}}{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=USPHS Commissioned Corps Training Ribbon.png|width=106}}
|-
|-
|colspan="3"|[[File:USPHSCC Surgeon General Badge.png|90px]][[File:Office of HHS ID Badge.png|90px]]
|colspan="3"|[[File:USPHSCC Surgeon General Badge.png|90px]][[File:Office of HHS ID Badge.png|90px]]
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|colspan="6"|[[Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service#Badges and insignia|Field Medical Readiness Badge]]
|colspan="6"|[[Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service#Badges and insignia|Field Medical Readiness Badge]]
|-
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|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=U.S. Surgeon General resigns at Biden's request: MSNBC {{!}} Reuters.com|url=https://www.reuters.com/news/picture/us-surgeon-general-resigns-at-bidens-req-idUSKBN29P1WW|access-date=2021-02-27|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
|colspan="3"|[[Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=U.S. Surgeon General resigns at Biden's request: MSNBC|url=https://www.reuters.com/news/picture/us-surgeon-general-resigns-at-bidens-req-idUSKBN29P1WW|access-date=2021-02-27|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
|colspan="3"|[[Public Health Service Meritorious Service Medal]]
|-
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Outstanding Service Medal]]
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Outstanding Service Medal]]
|colspan="2"|[[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)#U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|Public Health Service Presidential Unit Citation]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-01-19|title=Presidential Unit Citation|url=https://twitter.com/HHS_ASH/status/1351644788383227905|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Twitter - Assistant Secretary for Health}}</ref>
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Outstanding Unit Citation]]<br />with bronze [[service star]]
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Unit Commendation]]
|-
|-
|colspan="2"|[[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)#U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|Public Health Service Outstanding Unit Citation]]
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Global Health Campaign Medal]]
|colspan="2"|[[Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service#Unit awards|Public Health Service Unit Commendation]]
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service COVID-19 Pandemic Campaign Medal]]
|colspan="2"|[[Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service#Service and campaign awards|Public Health Service Global Health Campaign Medal]]
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Crisis Response Service Award]]
|-
|-
|colspan="2"|[[Humanitarian Service Medal]]
|colspan="2"|[[Humanitarian Service Medal]]
|colspan="2"|[[Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service#Service and campaign awards|Public Health Service Regular Corps Ribbon]]
|colspan="2"|[[Public Health Service Regular Corps Ribbon]]
|colspan="2"|[[Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service#Service and campaign awards|Commissioned Corps Training Ribbon]]
|colspan="2"|[[Commissioned Corps Training Ribbon]]
|-
|-
|colspan="3"|[[Identification badges of the Uniform Services of the United States#U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|Surgeon General Badge]]
|colspan="3"|[[Identification badges of the Uniform Services of the United States#U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps|Surgeon General Badge]]
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==External links==
==External links==
 
{{Commons category|Jerome M. Adams}}
 
{{Wikiquote}}
* [https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/index.html Office of the Surgeon General (OSG)]
* [https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/index.html Office of the Surgeon General (OSG)]
* {{twitter|JeromeAdamsMD|Jerome Adams}}
* {{twitter|JeromeAdamsMD|Jerome Adams}}
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[[Category:1974 births]]
[[Category:1974 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American physicians]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American medical doctors]]
[[Category:21st-century American medical doctors]]
[[Category:American anesthesiologists]]
[[Category:American anesthesiologists]]
[[Category:Indiana University School of Medicine alumni]]
[[Category:Indiana University School of Medicine alumni]]
[[Category:Physicians from Indiana]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Indiana]]
[[Category:Physicians from Maryland]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Maryland]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal]]
[[Category:State cabinet secretaries of Indiana]]
[[Category:State cabinet secretaries of Indiana]]
[[Category:State health commissioners of the United States]]
[[Category:State health commissioners of the United States]]
[[Category:Surgeons General of the United States]]
[[Category:Surgeons general of the United States]]
[[Category:Trump administration personnel]]
[[Category:First Trump administration personnel]]
[[Category:United States Public Health Service personnel]]
[[Category:United States Public Health Service personnel]]
[[Category:United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps officers]]
[[Category:United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps officers]]
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[[Category:University of Maryland, Baltimore County alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, Baltimore County alumni]]
[[Category:African-American Catholics]]
[[Category:African-American Catholics]]
[[Category:American Roman Catholics]]

Latest revision as of 05:24, 26 March 2026


Jerome Adams
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Official portrait, 2019
20th Surgeon General of the United States
In office
September 5, 2017 – January 20, 2021
PresidentDonald Trump
DeputySylvia Trent-Adams
Erica Schwartz
Preceded byVivek Murthy
Succeeded byVivek Murthy
Health Commissioner of Indiana
In office
October 22, 2014 – September 5, 2017
GovernorMike Pence
Eric Holcomb
Preceded byWilliam VanNess[1]
Succeeded byKristina Box[2]
Personal details
Born
Jerome Michael Adams

(1974-09-22) September 22, 1974 (age 51)
Mechanicsville, Maryland, U.S.
Political partyIndependent
Spouse(s)Lacey Adams
Children3
EducationUniversity of Maryland (BA, BS)
Indiana University (MD)
University of California, Berkeley (MPH)
Uniformed service
AllegianceUnited States
Service/branchPHS Commissioned Corps
Years of service2017–2021
RankVice Admiral

Jerome Michael Adams[3] (born September 22, 1974) is an American anesthesiologist and a former vice admiral in the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps who served as the 20th surgeon general of the United States from September 5, 2017, until January 20, 2021. Prior to becoming Surgeon General, he served as the Indiana state health commissioner, from 2014 to 2017.

On June 29, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Adams to become Surgeon General of the United States.[4][5] Adams was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 3, 2017.[6] Adams' tenure as Surgeon General coincided with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.[7]

Early life and education[edit | edit source]

Adams is the son of Richard and Edrena Adams of Mechanicsville, Maryland, and grew up on the family farm. He attended Chopticon High School, graduating in 1992, in the top 5% of his class.[8] He then attended the University of Maryland Baltimore County through a full-tuition Meyerhoff Scholarship, a grant dedicated to minority students interested in the sciences.[9] Adams received his Bachelor of Science in biochemistry and his Bachelor of Arts in biopsychology. Additionally, Adams studied abroad in the Netherlands and Zimbabwe.[10]

Adams attended medical school at Indiana University School of Medicine as an Eli Lilly and Company Scholar.[9] He also received a Master of Public Health degree from the University of California, Berkeley, in 2000, with a focus on chronic disease prevention.[11] Adams completed his internship in internal medicine (2002–2003) at St. Vincent Indianapolis Hospital and his residency in anesthesiology (2003–2006) at Indiana University. He is board certified in anesthesiology.[12]

Career[edit | edit source]

Private practice and academia[edit | edit source]

After two years in private practice at Ball Memorial Hospital,[13][14] Adams was named assistant professor of anesthesiology at Indiana University.[15][16] He has written several academic papers and book chapters, including chapters in Anesthesia Student Survival Guide: A Case-based Approach,[17] and an editorial in the American Journal of Public Health, "Are Pain Management Questions in Patient Satisfaction Surveys Driving the Opioid Epidemic?"[18]

Indiana state health commissioner[edit | edit source]

In October 2014, Adams was appointed Indiana state health commissioner. He was originally appointed by Governor Mike Pence and re-appointed by newly elected governor Eric Holcomb in 2017.[19] In this role, he oversaw the Public Health Protection and Laboratory Services, Health and Human Services, Health Care Quality and Regulatory, and Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Commissions. He also served as Secretary of Indiana State Department of Health's executive board, as Chairman of the Indiana State Trauma Care Committee, as President of the Healthy Hoosier Foundation, and as co-chairman of the Indiana Perinatal Quality Improvement Collaborative Governing Council.[15] During an HIV epidemic in 2015, Adams initially opposed needle-exchange programs on "moral" grounds, but he later changed his position as cases continued to mount.[20]

Surgeon General of the United States[edit | edit source]

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U.S. vice president Mike Pence swearing in Adams as U.S. Surgeon General on September 5, 2017.

On June 29, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Adams as surgeon general of the United States.[4] He was confirmed to the position by the Senate on August 3, 2017.[21] Upon his confirmation, Adams said that addressing the opioid epidemic along with untreated mental illness would be two of his major priorities.[6] Adams was sworn in as surgeon general on September 5, 2017,[22] and received his commission shortly after.

In April 2018, Adams urged Americans who are at risk of overdosing on opioids, as well as their family and friends, to carry an over-the-counter antidote to help combat rising fatalities.[23][24] In May 2018, Adams responded to an in-flight medical emergency on a flight to Jackson, Mississippi.[25]

In September 2018, Adams began a campaign along with other public health officials to promote seasonal flu vaccinations. The 2017 flu epidemic had resulted in the deaths of an estimated 80,000 Americans, the highest number of deaths in at least four decades, according to CDC director Robert Redfield. Of the 180 children who died, 80 percent were unvaccinated.[26] [6]

COVID-19 pandemic[edit | edit source]

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Adams speaking to the White House press corps on COVID-19 in March 2020.

In February 2020, Adams was appointed to the task force for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.[27] Adams initially downplayed the risk from COVID-19 by comparing it to the flu, which was criticized by experts.[28][29] He also strongly implored people not to buy or use face masks because he said they were “NOT effective” in preventing the general public from catching COVID-19,[30][31] and that wearing a mask could actually increase the risk of catching the virus.[32] This was in line with other United States Public Health officials, including Anthony Fauci, who later admitted his recommendation was not based on science but rather to prevent shortages for doctors and other health professionals.[33]

Adams later retracted this recommendation because he said there was new information about the asymptomatic spread of the virus.[34][35] Politico reported in April 2020 that Adams had been largely sidelined by the administration.[7]

When asked about African-Americans’ increased risks from COVID, Adams replied that “African-Americans and Latinos should avoid alcohol, drugs and tobacco. Do it for your abuela, do it for your granddaddy, do it for your big momma, do it for your pop-pop.” Public health experts criticized his assertions as misleading and lacking adequate context.[36]

Adams expressed concern that the George Floyd protests could lead to a spike in COVID-19 cases. According to Adams, "Based on the way the disease spreads, there is every reason to expect that we will see new clusters and potentially new outbreaks moving forward."[37]

Adams confirmed that he was asked to step down as Surgeon General by the incoming Biden administration. Former surgeon general Vivek Murthy took his place.[38] He officially resigned on January 20, 2021, at the request of President Joe Biden.[39]

Subsequent career[edit | edit source]

Following his service as surgeon general, Adams joined Purdue University in October 2021 as a Presidential Fellow and its first executive director of health equity initiatives, professor of practice in the departments of Pharmacy Practice and Public Health, and a faculty member of the Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering.[40] Having been part of the Trump administration, he described how this made it difficult to obtain a position in academia or the corporate world.[41]

Personal life[edit | edit source]

Adams is Catholic, and he and his wife Lacey have three children.[42][43]

Awards and decorations[edit | edit source]

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Field Medical Readiness Badge
Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal[44] Public Health Service Meritorious Service Medal
Public Health Service Outstanding Service Medal Public Health Service Outstanding Unit Citation
with bronze service star 		Public Health Service Unit Commendation
Public Health Service Global Health Campaign Medal Public Health Service COVID-19 Pandemic Campaign Medal Public Health Service Crisis Response Service Award
Humanitarian Service Medal Public Health Service Regular Corps Ribbon Commissioned Corps Training Ribbon
Surgeon General Badge Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services Badge

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Pence names Adams Indiana's health commissioner". October 9, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
  2. ↑ "Indiana Names OB-GYN To Fill Vacated Health Commissioner Seat". Wfyi.org. September 18, 2017. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  3. ↑ "Nominee Report | U.S. Office of Government Ethics" (PDF). altgov2.org. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Joseph, Andrew (June 29, 2017). "Jerome Adams nominated as new U.S. surgeon general". STAT. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  5. ↑ FOX59 Web (June 29, 2017). "President Trump nominates Indiana Health Commissioner Jerome Adams for U.S. Surgeon General". Fox 59. Archived from the original on August 23, 2018. Retrieved June 29, 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Scutti, Susan (August 4, 2017). "Dr. Jerome Adams confirmed as surgeon general". CNN. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Diamond, Dan (April 20, 2020). "Surgeon general gets pushed to sidelines, sparking questions". POLITICO. Retrieved July 12, 2023.
  8. ↑ McDaniels, Andrea K. (September 7, 2017). "New surgeon general's science background was nurtured in Maryland". baltimoresun.com. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Wapner, Jessica (July 6, 2017). "Who Is Jerome Adams? Surgeon General Pick Battled HIV Outbreak With Clean Needles in Indiana". Newsweek. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  10. ↑ McDaniels, Andrea K. (September 7, 2017). "New surgeon general's science background was nurtured in Maryland". baltimoresun.com. Baltimore Sun. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  11. ↑ Groppe, Maureen (August 1, 2017). "Jerome Adams promises to put science ahead of politics as surgeon general". USA Today. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
  12. ↑ "American Society of Anesthesiologists Congratulates Jerome Adams, M.D., for Surgeon General Nomination". American Society of Anesthesiologists. June 29, 2017. Retrieved August 16, 2017.
  13. ↑ Rudavsky, Shari (August 1, 2017). "He helped address Indiana's public health crisis. Can he do the same as surgeon general?". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
  14. ↑ Straehley, Steve; Wallechinsky, David (July 14, 2017). "Surgeon General of the United States: Who Is Jerome Adams?". AllGov. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Jerome M. Adams, MD". Indiana University School of Medicine. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
  16. ↑ "Faculty | Anesthesia | IU School of Medicine". Indiana University School of Medicine. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
  17. ↑ Ehrenfeld, Jesse M.; Urman, Richard D.; Segal, Scott, eds. (2016). Anesthesia Student Survival Guide: A Case-based Approach (Second ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. pp. ix, 31–88. ISBN 978-3-319-11083-7. OCLC 944030400.
  18. ↑ Adams, Jerome; Bledsoe, Gregory H.; Armstrong, John H. (May 6, 2016). "Are Pain Management Questions in Patient Satisfaction Surveys Driving the Opioid Epidemic?". American Journal of Public Health. 106 (6): 985–986. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303228. PMC 4880256. PMID 27153016.
  19. ↑ "ISDH: State Health Commissioner". in.gov. Archived from the original on April 7, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
  20. ↑ Schumaker, Erin (June 30, 2017). "How An HIV Outbreak Changed Trump's Surgeon General Nominee". HuffPost. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  21. ↑ "PN723 - Nomination of Jerome M. Adams for Public Health Service, 115th Congress (2017-2018)". Congress.gov. August 3, 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
  22. ↑ Wallace, Amy (September 5, 2017). "New surgeon general to advocate for science, compassion as guides for policy". United Press International. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
  23. ↑ CNBC (April 5, 2018). "Surgeon general urges Americans to carry overdose antidote". CNBC. Archived from the original on April 6, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
  24. ↑ "Americans urged to carry overdose antidote in effort to tackle drug deaths". TheJournal.ie. Associated Press. April 5, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
  25. ↑ Leonard, Kimberly (May 16, 2018). "When the Delta crew asked if there was a doctor on board, they got a yes – from the surgeon general". Washington Examiner. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
  26. ↑ O'Reilly, Eileen Drage (September 27, 2018). "Last year's flu season killed the most people in the U.S. in 4 decades". Axios. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  27. ↑ Who are the Coronavirus Task Force members?
  28. ↑ Law, Tara (April 6, 2020). "Surgeon General Adams Warns of 'Saddest Week of Most Americans' Lives' as COVID-19 Pandemic Spreads". Time.
  29. ↑ Stieb, Matt (April 5, 2020). "As White House Tells States to 'Do Your Part,' Governors Ask What Trump Is Doing". New York Intelligencer. New York Intelligencer. Retrieved April 13, 2020.
  30. ↑ Cramer, Maria; Sheikh, Knvul (February 29, 2020). "Surgeon General Urges the Public to Stop Buying Face Masks". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  31. ↑ Asmelash, Leah (February 29, 2020). "The surgeon general wants Americans to stop buying face masks". CNN. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  32. ↑ Perrett, Connor (March 2, 2020). "The US Surgeon General once warned against wearing face masks for the coronavirus but the CDC now recommends it". Business Insider. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  33. ↑ "Fauci said US government held off promoting face masks because it knew shortages were so bad that even doctors couldn't get enough". June 15, 2020.
  34. ↑ "Originally, @CDCgov, @WHO, and my office all recommended against the general public wearing facemasks based on the best available science at the time regarding whether or not they prevent wearers from catching coronavirus. But we are learning more about this disease every day..." Twitter. April 1, 2020.
  35. ↑ Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. (February 2020). "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". Lancet. 395 (10223): 497–506. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. PMC 7159299. PMID 31986264. Template:Free access
  36. ↑ Bunn, Curtis (April 15, 2020). "Black health experts say surgeon general's comments reflect lack of awareness of black community". NBC News. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  37. ↑ Bowden, John (June 2, 2020). "Surgeon general: 'Every reason to expect' coronavirus clusters after protests". The Hill. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  38. ↑ Pitofsky, Marina (January 20, 2021). "Surgeon General Jerome Adams says Biden transition asked him to resign". The Hill. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
  39. ↑ Diamond, Dan (January 20, 2021). "Surgeon General resigns at Biden's request". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
  40. ↑ "Purdue Today". Retrieved October 1, 2021.
  41. ↑ Shapero, Julia (November 25, 2022). "Ex-surgeon general: 'People still are afraid to touch anything that is associated with Trump'". The Hill. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
  42. ↑ "VADM Jerome M. Adams, M.D., M.P.H." HHS.gov U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. January 20, 2015. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved March 1, 2020.
  43. ↑ Remedios, Jesse (April 16, 2020). "Experts question surgeon general who talks God's 'plan' with pandemic". National Catholic Reporter. Retrieved July 6, 2021.
  44. ↑ "U.S. Surgeon General resigns at Biden's request: MSNBC". Reuters. Retrieved February 27, 2021.

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Military offices
Preceded by
Vivek Murthy 		Surgeon General of the United States
2017–2021 		Succeeded by
Vivek Murthy

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