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{{Short description|1966 film of Raj Kapoor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name          = Teesri Kasam
| name          = Teesri Kasam
| image          = Teesri Kasam.jpg
| image          = Teesri Kasam.jpg
| caption        = Poster
| caption        = Theatrical Poster
| director      = [[Basu Bhattacharya]]
| director      = [[Basu Bhattacharya]]
| producer      = [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]
| producer      = [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]
| writer        =  
| writer        =  
| screenplay    = [[Nabendu Ghosh]]<br>[[Phanishwar Nath Renu]] (Dialogue)
| screenplay    = [[Nabendu Ghosh]]<br>[[Phanishwar Nath Renu]] (Dialogue)
| story          =  
| story          = [[Phanishwar Nath Renu]]<ref name =Print>{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/teesri-kasam-when-raj-kapoor-played-perfect-foil-to-waheeda-rehmans-heartbreaking-grace/190231/|title = Teesri Kasam: When Raj Kapoor played perfect foil to Waheeda Rehman's heartbreaking grace| website=[[ThePrint]] |date = 10 February 2019}}</ref>
| based_on      = {{based on|''Teesri Kasam Urf Maare Gaye Gulfam''|[[Phanishwar Nath Renu]]}}
| based_on      = {{based on|'' Maare Gaye Gulfam''|[[Phanishwar Nath Renu]]}}
| starring      = [[Raj Kapoor]]<br>[[Waheeda Rehman]]
| starring      = [[Raj Kapoor]]<br>[[Waheeda Rehman]]<br>[[Rehana (actress)|Rehana]]
| narrator      =  
| narrator      =  
| music          = [[Shankar-Jaikishen]]<br>[[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] (Lyrics)<br>[[Hasrat Jaipuri]] (Lyrics)
| music          = [[Shankar-Jaikishen]]<br>[[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] (Lyrics)<br>[[Hasrat Jaipuri]] (Lyrics)
| cinematography = [[Subrata Mitra]]
| cinematography = [[Subrata Mitra]]<ref name= Print/>
| editing        =  
| editing        = Iqbal
| studio        = Image Makers
| studio        = Image Makers
| distributor    =  
| distributor    =  
| released      = 1966
| released      = {{Film date|1966}}
| runtime        = 159 min
| runtime        = 159 min
| language      = Hindi
| language      = Hindi
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}}
}}


'''''Teesri Kasam''''' ({{Translation|''The Third Vow''}}) is a 1966 [[Hindi|Hindi language]] drama film directed by [[Basu Bhattacharya]] and produced by lyricist [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]. It is based on the short story ''Mare Gaye Gulfam'', by the [[Hindi]] novelist [[Phanishwarnath Renu]]. The film stars [[Raj Kapoor]] and [[Waheeda Rehman]]. The duo [[Shankar-Jaikishan]] composed the film's score. The film's [[cinematography]] was done by [[Subrata Mitra]]. Dialogues were written by [[Phanishwarnath Renu]] and the screenplay by [[Nabendu Ghosh]].
'''''Teesri Kasam''''' ({{Translation|''The Third Vow''}}) is a 1966 [[Hindi|Hindi language]] drama film directed by [[Basu Bhattacharya]] and produced by lyricist [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]. It is based on the short story ''Mare Gaye Gulfam'', by the [[Hindi]] novelist [[Phanishwarnath Renu]]. The film stars [[Raj Kapoor]] and [[Waheeda Rehman]]. The duo [[Shankar–Jaikishan]] composed the film's score. The film's [[cinematography]] was done by [[Subrata Mitra]], dialogues were written by [[Phanishwarnath Renu]] and the screenplay is by [[Nabendu Ghosh]].
 
''Teesri Kasam'' is an unconventional film that portrays rural [[India]]n society. It is the story of a naive bullock cart driver Hiraman, who falls in love with Hirabai, a dancer at a ''[[nautanki]]''. The film also deals with the issue of exploitation of women in the performing arts, especially in travelling folk theatre.{{Sfn|Singh|2007|p=60}} Although the film fared poorly at the box office, it won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film]] at the [[14th National Film Awards]].


==Synopsis==
==Synopsis==
After nearly getting arrested, Hiraman promises to himself that he will never assist any black-marketeer nor transport bamboo. This incident does cost him his bullock-cart but he did manage to get his two oxen away in time. He manages to save enough money to buy another cart, and is hired to take a female on a 30-hour ride to a Mela. He subsequently finds that his passenger is an attractive woman, Hira Bai, and he falls in love with her - little knowing that she is a traveling courtesan - and it is this attraction that will get him into a physical altercation as well as in the bad books of Thakur Vikram Singh.
After nearly getting arrested, Hiraman promises to himself that he will never assist any black-marketeer nor transport bamboo. This incident does cost him his bullock-cart but he did manage to get his two oxen away in time. He manages to save enough money to buy another cart, and is hired to take a woman on a 30-hour ride to a Mela. He subsequently finds that his passenger is an attractive woman, Hira Bai, and he falls in love with her - little knowing that she is a traveling [[dancer]] - and it is this attraction that will get him into a physical altercation as well as in the bad books of Thakur Vikram Singh.


== Plot ==
== Plot ==
Hiraman ([[Raj Kapoor]]) is a rustic villager, a bullock cart driver, from a remote village in [[Bihar]]. Hiraman takes two vows based on difficult situations in his life. He then meets and befriends Hirabai, a ''[[nautanki]]'' dancer. In the end, Hiraman takes a third vow.
Hiraman ([[Raj Kapoor]]) is a rustic villager, a bullock cart driver, from a remote village in [[Bihar]]. He takes two vows based on difficult situations in his life. He then meets and befriends Hirabai, a ''[[nautanki]]'' dancer. In the end, Hiraman takes a third vow.


Hiraman has traditional and conservative values. While smuggling illegal goods on his bullock cart and narrowly escaping the police, Hiraman takes a vow (the first ''kasam'') to never again carry illegal goods. Subsequently, while transporting bamboo for a timber trader, Hiraman's load upsets the horses of two men. The two men then beat Hiraman. After this, Hiraman takes a second vow (the second ''kasam'') to never again carry bamboo in his cart.
Hiraman has traditional and conservative values. While smuggling illegal goods on his bullock cart and narrowly escaping the police, Hiraman takes a vow ( ''pehli kasam'') to never again carry illegal goods. Subsequently, while transporting bamboo for a timber trader, Hiraman's load upsets the horses of two men. The two men then beat up Hiraman. After this, Hiraman takes a second vow (''doosri kasam'') to never again carry bamboo in his cart.


One night, Hiraman is asked to carry Hirabai ([[Waheeda Rehman]]), a nautanki dancer, as a passenger to a village fair forty miles away. As they travel together, Hiraman sings to pass the time and tells Hirabai the story of the legend of Mahua. As the journey progresses, Hirabai is mesmerized by Hiraman's innocence and his simple philosophy of life. Hiraman sees Hirabai as an angel of purity.
One night, Hiraman is asked to carry Hirabai ([[Waheeda Rehman]]), a nautanki dancer, as a passenger to a village fair forty miles away. As they travel together, Hiraman sings to pass time and tells Hirabai the story of the legend of Mahua. As the journey progresses, Hirabai is mesmerized by Hiraman's innocence and his simple philosophy of life. Hiraman sees Hirabai as an angel of purity.


Once they reach the village fair, Hiraman joins his band of bullock cart drivers and Hirabai joins the nautanki company. Hirabai asks Hiraman to stay at the village fair for a few days to see her dance. Hirabai arranges free passes for Hiraman and his friends to see the nautanki on every night for the duration of the fair.
Once they reach the village fair, Hiraman joins his band of bullock cart drivers and Hirabai joins the nautanki company. Hirabai asks Hiraman to stay at the village fair for a few days to see her dance. Hirabai arranges free passes for Hiraman and his friends to see the nautanki every night for the duration of the fair.


As Hiraman attends the nautanki, he becomes aware that other people see Hirabai as a prostitute and this disturbs him. He tries to shield and protect her from society. As the days pass, the bond between Hirabai and Hiraman grows stronger. When Hiraman becomes involved in fights with local people who disparage Hirabai and her profession, Hirabai tries to make him understand that it is the harsh reality of her life. Hiraman asks Hirabai to leave her profession and to start living a respectable life. Hirabai refuses to leave. Feeling depressed, Hiraman leaves the village fair and returns to his village.
As Hiraman attends the nautanki, he becomes aware that other people see Hirabai as a prostitute and this disturbs him. He tries to shield and protect her from society. As the days pass, the bond between Hirabai and Hiraman grows stronger. When Hiraman becomes involved in fights with local people who disparage Hirabai and her profession, Hirabai tries to make him understand that it is the harsh reality of her life. Hiraman asks Hirabai to leave her profession and to start living a respectable life. Hirabai refuses to leave. Feeling depressed, Hiraman leaves the village fair and returns to his village.


Hirabai meets Hiraman and tells him her secret that she had been sold and she was not a virgin beauty and then leaves. Hiraman then takes a third vow (''teesri kasam'') that he will never again carry a nautanki company dancer in his cart.
Hirabai meets Hiraman and tells him that she had been sold, then leaves. Hiraman then takes a third vow (''teesri kasam'') that he will never again carry a nautanki dancer in his cart.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://upperstall.com/film/teesri-kasam/ | title=Teesri Kasam| date=24 April 2006}}</ref>


== Cast ==
== Cast ==
* [[Raj Kapoor]], Hiraman
* [[Raj Kapoor]] as Meeta, Hiraman
* [[Waheeda Rehman]], Hirabai
* [[Waheeda Rehman]] as Hirabai
* [[Dulari (actress)|Dulari]], Hiraman's ''bhabhi'' (sister in law)
* [[Dulari (actress)|Dulari]] as Hiraman's ''bhabhi'' (sister-in-law)
* [[Iftekhar]], Thakur Vikram Singh
* [[Iftekhar]] as Thakur Vikram Singh
* [[Keshto Mukherjee|Keshto Mukherji]], Shivratan
* [[Keshto Mukherjee|Keshto Mukherji]] as Shivratan
* [[A.K. Hangal]], Hiraman's older brother
* [[A.K. Hangal]] as Hiraman's older brother
* [[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]],mela announcer
* [[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]] as mela announcer
* [[C. S. Dubey]],birju
* [[C. S. Dubey]] as Birju
* Harbans Papey as dancer in the second Parts of the song (Kissa Hota Hai Shuru Paaki Ishq Rangin)
* [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]
* [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]
* [[Rehana (actress)|Rehana]]
* Viswa Mehera as Palta (he was brother-in- low of [[Prithviraj Kapoor]] in the real life)
* Ratan Gaurang as guards
* Pachhi as Nautanki owner
* Navendu Ghosh
* Shivaji Bhai
* Mansaram
* B. Periera


== Production ==
== Production ==
[[Phanishwarnath Renu]] who wrote the original short story ''Mare Gaye Gulfam'' in 1954, also wrote the script.{{Sfn|Chatterjee|2003|p=335}} The screenplay was written by [[Nabendu Ghosh]], whose works include ''[[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]]'' (1955), ''[[Sujata (1959 film)|Sujata]]'' (1959) and ''[[Bandini (film)|Bandini]]'' (1963). [[Basu Bhattacharya]] directed the film with a sense of realism and natural style. He felt it was important for the film that Raj Kapoor should avoid his usual "simple man" mannerisms.{{Sfn|Rehman|2014|p=94}}
=== Development and Pre-production ===
[[Phanishwarnath Renu]], who wrote the original short story ''Mare Gaye Gulfam'' in 1954, also wrote the script.{{Sfn|Gulazāra|Nihalani|Chatterjee|2003|p=335}} The screenplay was written by [[Nabendu Ghosh]], whose works include ''[[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]]'' (1955), ''[[Sujata (1959 film)|Sujata]]'' (1959) and ''[[Bandini (film)|Bandini]]'' (1963). [[Basu Bhattacharya]] directed the film with a sense of realism and natural style. He felt it was important for the film that Raj Kapoor should avoid his usual "simple man" mannerisms.{{Sfn|Kabir|Rehman|2014|p=94}} Shailendra acquired Mare gaye gulfam rights, and initially Mehmood and Meena Kumari was selected for the role of Hiraman and Hirabai. Raj Kapoor charged only one rupee to make the film. He advised Shailendra to add some commercial elements in this film, in this heartbreaking sad story but the producer did not agree to it and did the movie the way he wanted.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Kumar|first=Anuj|date=2009-10-29|title=Teesri Kasam (1966)|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Teesri-Kasam-1966/article16889211.ece|access-date=2021-11-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
 
[[Lata Mangeshkar]], Manna Dey, Asha Bhosle, Suman Kalyanpur, Shankar- Shambhu, and Mukesh did playback singing.
 
=== Principal photography ===
 
Shailendra wanted to film this movie in the Terai area of Bihar, but the stories of dacoits and robbers there forced him to shoot this film somewhere else. The filming took place at [[Igatpuri]] near [[Nasik]].<ref name=":0"/> The filming took many years to complete. Indoor filming took place at [[R. K. Studio|R.K. Studio]], Shree Sound Studios and Kamal studio in [[Mumbai|Bombay]] (now Mumbai). Basu Bhattacharya wanted Raj and Waheeda Rehman perform in natural way. Raj Kapoor thought the ending of the film should be tweaked and Hirabai and Hiraman should go away together, but no one agreed to this.<ref name=TelegraphIndia>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/when-waheeda-sat-on-raj/cid/1669478|title = When Waheeda sat on Raj}}</ref> Most of the outdoor sequences were filmed at Aurahi Hingna, [[Araria district]] in Bihar and [[Bina Etawa|Bina]], a town near [[Bhopal]], Madhya Pradesh.<ref>{{cite news|date=25 September 2016|title=यहां हुई थी फिल्म 'तीसरी कसम' की शूटिंग, रिलीज को हुए 50 साल पूरे|work=Manohar Kumar|publisher=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]|location=[[Purnia]]|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/BIH-PAT-HMU-shooting-of-film-teesri-kasam-in-bihar-news-hindi-5425226-PHO.html|access-date=1 December 2016|archive-date=10 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210025155/http://m.bhaskar.com/news/BIH-PAT-HMU-shooting-of-film-teesri-kasam-in-bihar-news-hindi-5425226-PHO.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=January 15, 2011|title=Maila Anchal inspirer dead|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1110115/jsp/bihar/story_13440502.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814101508/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1110115/jsp/bihar/story_13440502.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 August 2017|access-date=2017-08-14|work=The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata)}}</ref><ref name="news18.com">{{Cite web|date=2016-12-14|title=Remembering Raj Kapoor: 15 Of His Most Memorable Films|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/remembering-raj-kapoor-15-of-his-most-memorable-films-2-1322831.html|access-date=2021-11-25|website=News18|language=en}}</ref> A few scenes were filmed at [[Powai Lake]] and at Mohan Studios in Mumbai. {{Sfn|Kabir|Rehman|2014|p=95}}{{Sfn|Hangal|1999|p=95}} A set of Gulababag fair's The Great Bharat ''nautanki'' (drama) company was created in Mumbai studio.<ref name="news18.com"/> Subrata Mitra, the cinematographer on Satyajit Ray's early films, had moved to Mumbai for a brief period to make [[Merchant Ivory]] films.{{Sfn|Banerjee|Srivastava|1988|p=178}}{{Sfn|Kaur|Sinha|2005|pp=131-132}} The theatre actor [[A. K. Hangal]], knew Shailender from [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] theatre group days, and agreed to play the small role of Hiraman's elder brother. However, eventually much of his role was cut in the final editing to reduce the length of the film.{{Sfn|Hangal|1999|p=95}}


The film took many years to complete. Most of the film was made at Aurahi Hingna, a village in [[Araria district]] and [[Bina Etawa|Bina]], a town near [[Bhopal]], Madhya Pradesh.<ref>{{cite news|date=25 September 2016|title=यहां हुई थी फिल्म 'तीसरी कसम' की शूटिंग, रिलीज को हुए 50 साल पूरे|work=Manohar Kumar|publisher=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]|location=[[Purnia]]|url=http://m.bhaskar.com/news/BIH-PAT-HMU-shooting-of-film-teesri-kasam-in-bihar-news-hindi-5425226-PHO.html|access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=January 15, 2011|title=Maila Anchal inspirer dead|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1110115/jsp/bihar/story_13440502.jsp|access-date=2017-08-14|work=The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata)}}</ref> A few scenes were filmed at [[Powai Lake]] and at Mohan Studios in Mumbai. {{Sfn|Rehman|2014|p=95}}{{Sfn|Hangal|1999|p=95}} Subrata Mitra, the cinematographer on Satyajit Ray's early films, had moved to Mumbai for a brief period to make [[Merchant Ivory]] films.{{Sfn|Srivastava|1988|p=178}}{{Sfn|Sinha|2005|p=131-132}} The theatre actor [[A. K. Hangal]], knew Shailender from [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] theatre group days, and agreed to play the small role of Hiraman's elder brother. However, eventually much of his role was cut in the final editing to reduce the length of the film.{{Sfn|Hangal|1999|p=95}}
[[Lachhu Maharaj|Lachchu Maharaj]] and Rama Devi did this film's choreography and [[Nautanki]] was supervised by Shankar-Shambhu while Desh Mukharjee was the art director.


== Crew ==
=== Crew ===
* [[Basu Bhattacharya]], director
 
* [[Phanishwar Nath Renu]], story and dialogue
* [[Basu Bhattacharya]] - Director
* [[Nabendu Ghosh]], screenplay
* [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] - Producer
* [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]], producer
* [[Phanishwar Nath Renu]] - Story and Dialogue
* [[G. G. Mayekar]], editor
* [[Nabendu Ghosh]] - Screenplay
* [[Subrata Mitra]], cinematographer
* [[G. G. Mayekar]] - Editor
* Desh Mukherjee, artistic director
* [[Subrata Mitra]] - Cinematographer
* Pandit Shivram, costume
* Desh Mukherjee - Art Director
* [[Lachhu Maharaj]], choreographer
* Pandit Shivram - Costume
* [[Shankar Jaikishan]], director of music
* [[Lachhu Maharaj]] - Choreographer
* [[Hasrat Jaipuri]], [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]], lyricist
* [[Shankar Jaikishan]] - Composer
* [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Manna Dey]], [[Suman Kalyanpur]], [[Lata Mangeshkar]], [[Mubarak Begum]], [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]], Shambhu-Shankar (qawwal), playback singers.
* [[Hasrat Jaipuri]], [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] - Lyricist
* [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Manna Dey]], [[Suman Kalyanpur]], [[Lata Mangeshkar]], [[Mubarak Begum]], [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]], Shambhu-Shankar ([[Qawwali|qawwal]]) - Playback Singers.


==Music==
==Music==
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| extra_column = Singer(s)
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| all_lyrics = [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] & [[Hasrat Jaipuri]]
| all_lyrics = [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] & [[Hasrat Jaipuri]]
| all_music = [[Shankar-Jaikishan]]
| all_music = [[Shankar–Jaikishan]]
| title1 = Aa Aa Bhi Jaa
| title1 = Aa Aa Bhi Jaa
| lyrics1 = Shailendra
| lyrics1 = Shailendra
Line 102: Line 118:
| title6 = Paan Khaaye Saiyaan Hamaaro
| title6 = Paan Khaaye Saiyaan Hamaaro
| lyrics6 = Shailendra
| lyrics6 = Shailendra
| extra6 = Asha Bhosle
| extra6 = [[Asha Bhosle]]
| length6 = 4:08
| length6 = 4:08
| title7 = Sajanwa Bairi Ho Gaye Hamaar
| title7 = Sajanwa Bairi Ho Gaye Hamaar
Line 117: Line 133:
| length9 = 3:11
| length9 = 3:11
| title10 = Kissa Hota Hai Shuru
| title10 = Kissa Hota Hai Shuru
| lyrics10 = Hasrat Jaipuri
| lyrics10 = Shailendra
| extra10 = [[Mubarak Begum]], Shankar-Shambhu
| extra10 = [[Mubarak Begum]], Shankar-Shambhu
| length10 = 2:57
| length10 = 2:57
| title11 = Preet Bana ke Tune
| lyrics11 = Hasrat Jaipuri
| extra11 = [[Suman Kalyanpur]]
| length11 = 1:00
| all_writing =  
| all_writing =  
| total_length =  
| total_length =  
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== Reception ==
== Reception ==
''Teesri Kasam'' was well-received by critics and took the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film]]; however, it proved to be a commercial failure at the box-office. Bhattacharya turned to [[Parallel cinema|middle cinema]] (a meeting of mainstream Bollywood and art house cinema). Over the years, the film came to be regarded as a classic. {{Sfn|Chatterjee|2003|p=532}}{{Sfn|Chatterjee|2003|p=330}}
''Teesri Kasam'' was well received by critics and won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film]]; however, it proved to be a commercial failure at the box-office. Bhattacharya turned to [[Parallel cinema|middle cinema]] (a meeting of mainstream Bollywood and art house cinema). Over the years, the film came to be regarded as a classic.{{Sfn|Gulazāra|Nihalani|Chatterjee|2003|pp=330, 532}}
 
Raj Kapoor himself did not like this film and criticised the film's director, Basu Bhattacharya; in an interview in 1977 with [[India Today]] he said, "Basu (Basu Bhattacharya) is a [[Pseudo-|pseudo]], and I didn't like the film. He was risking somebody else's money. What did he have to lose?"<ref name=IT/>


Both Kapoor and Rehman received acclaim for their performances in the film. While critics felt that Raj Kapoor delivered one of the most sensitive performances of his career after ''[[Jagte Raho]]'' (1956),{{Sfn|Chatterjee|2003|p=83}} in 1977, Kapoor told to ''[[India Today]]'' that he did not like the film.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanghvi |first1=Vir |title=Raj Kapoor: Sex as an art form |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19771115-raj-kapoor-sex-as-an-art-form-823468-2014-09-05 |access-date=5 July 2020 |work=[[India Today]] |date=15 November 1977}}</ref>
Both Kapoor and Rehman received acclaim for their performances in the film, and critics felt that Raj Kapoor delivered one of the most sensitive performances of his career. (1956).{{Sfn|Gulazāra|Nihalani|Chatterjee|2003|p=83}}<ref name =IT>{{cite news |last1=Sanghvi |first1=Vir |title=Raj Kapoor: Sex as an art form |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19771115-raj-kapoor-sex-as-an-art-form-823468-2014-09-05 |access-date=5 July 2020 |work=[[India Today]] |date=15 November 1977}}</ref>


A chapter titled '''Teesri Kasam Ke Shilpkar Shailendra''<nowiki/>' ("The Architect of Teesri Kasam Shailendra") (Devnagari: तीसरी कसम के शिल्पकार शैलेंद्र) which is based on the film is included in CBSE class 10 Hindi Course-B Textbook Sparsh (Bhag 2) ("Touch (Part 2)") (Devnagari : स्पर्श (भाग – 2)). Currently, this chapter is held defunct and is not in syllabus from 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|title=द्वितीय भाषा केरुप में ह िंदी (कोड सिं.– 085)|url=http://cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/CurriculumMain21/Language-Secondary/Hindi_B_Sec_2020-21.pdf|access-date=26 June 2020|website=CBSE Academic|publisher=CBSE|language=hi}}</ref>
== Legacy ==
A chapter titled {{'}}''Teesri Kasam Ke Shilpkar Shailendra''{{'}} (lit. ''"The Architect of Teesri Kasam Shailendra"'') (Devnagari: तीसरी कसम के शिल्पकार शैलेंद्र) which is based on the film, is included in CBSE class 10 Hindi Course-B Textbook Sparsh (Bhag 2) ("Touch (Part 2)") (Devnagari : स्पर्श (भाग – 2)). After being excluded for several years, this chapter was recently brought back in course.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hindi B Sec 2022-23 |url=https://cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/CurriculumMain23/Sec/Hindi_B_Sec_2022-23.pdf }}</ref>


==Awards and nominations==
==Awards and nominations==
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* {{cite book|last=Patel|first=Bhaichand|title=Bollywood's Top 20: Superstars of Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQL4dkVAnPIC&pg=PA97|year=2012|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-670-08572-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Patel|first=Bhaichand|title=Bollywood's Top 20: Superstars of Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQL4dkVAnPIC&pg=PA97|year=2012|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-670-08572-9}}
* {{cite book|last1=Kabir|first1=Nasreen Munni|last2=Rehman|first2=Waheeda|title=Conversations with Waheeda Rehman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tqfzAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT94|year= 2014|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-93-5118-642-7}}
* {{cite book|last1=Kabir|first1=Nasreen Munni|last2=Rehman|first2=Waheeda|title=Conversations with Waheeda Rehman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tqfzAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT94|year= 2014|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-93-5118-642-7}}
* [https://www.hindisamay.com/kahani/fanishwar-nath-renu/mare-gaye-gulfam.htm ''Mare Gaye Gulfam'' by Phanishwarnath Renu, Original Story in Hindi, 1954.]


==External links==
==External links==
*{{cite web | title = Teesri Kasam Synopsis and Review|publisher=[[Upperstall]]
*{{cite web | title = Teesri Kasam Synopsis and Review|date=24 April 2006|publisher=[[Upperstall]]| url = http://www.upperstall.com/films/1966/teesri-kasam }}
| url = http://www.upperstall.com/films/1966/teesri-kasam }}
* {{IMDb title|0061072|Teesri Kasam}}
* {{IMDb title|0061072|Teesri Kasam}}


{{NationalFilmAwardBestFeatureFilm}}
{{NationalFilmAwardBestFeatureFilm}}


[[Category:1966 films]]
[[Category:1966 Indian films]]
[[Category:1960s Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1966 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Shankar–Jaikishan]]
[[Category:Films scored by Shankar Jaikishan]]
[[Category:Best Feature Film National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Feature Film National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Films based on short fiction]]
[[Category:Films based on Indian short stories]]
[[Category:Films set in Bihar]]
[[Category:Films set in Bihar]]
[[Category:Films shot in Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films shot in Madhya Pradesh]]
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[[Category:Films shot in Bihar]]
[[Category:Films shot in Bihar]]
[[Category:Films directed by Basu Bhattacharya]]
[[Category:Films directed by Basu Bhattacharya]]
[[Category:Films about courtesans in India]]


[[new:तीसरी क़सम (सन् १९६६या संकिपा)]]
[[new:तीसरी क़सम (सन् १९६६या संकिपा)]]

Latest revision as of 09:24, 4 March 2026


Teesri Kasam
Theatrical Poster
Directed byBasu Bhattacharya
Produced byShailendra
Screenplay byNabendu Ghosh
Phanishwar Nath Renu (Dialogue)
Story byPhanishwar Nath Renu[1]
Based on Maare Gaye Gulfam
by Phanishwar Nath Renu
StarringRaj Kapoor
Waheeda Rehman
Rehana
Music byShankar-Jaikishen
Shailendra (Lyrics)
Hasrat Jaipuri (Lyrics)
CinematographySubrata Mitra[1]
Edited byIqbal
Production
company
Image Makers
Release date
  • 1966 (1966)
Running time
159 min
CountryIndia
LanguageHindi

Teesri Kasam (transl. The Third Vow) is a 1966 Hindi language drama film directed by Basu Bhattacharya and produced by lyricist Shailendra. It is based on the short story Mare Gaye Gulfam, by the Hindi novelist Phanishwarnath Renu. The film stars Raj Kapoor and Waheeda Rehman. The duo Shankar–Jaikishan composed the film's score. The film's cinematography was done by Subrata Mitra, dialogues were written by Phanishwarnath Renu and the screenplay is by Nabendu Ghosh.

Synopsis[edit | edit source]

After nearly getting arrested, Hiraman promises to himself that he will never assist any black-marketeer nor transport bamboo. This incident does cost him his bullock-cart but he did manage to get his two oxen away in time. He manages to save enough money to buy another cart, and is hired to take a woman on a 30-hour ride to a Mela. He subsequently finds that his passenger is an attractive woman, Hira Bai, and he falls in love with her - little knowing that she is a traveling dancer - and it is this attraction that will get him into a physical altercation as well as in the bad books of Thakur Vikram Singh.

Plot[edit | edit source]

Hiraman (Raj Kapoor) is a rustic villager, a bullock cart driver, from a remote village in Bihar. He takes two vows based on difficult situations in his life. He then meets and befriends Hirabai, a nautanki dancer. In the end, Hiraman takes a third vow.

Hiraman has traditional and conservative values. While smuggling illegal goods on his bullock cart and narrowly escaping the police, Hiraman takes a vow ( pehli kasam) to never again carry illegal goods. Subsequently, while transporting bamboo for a timber trader, Hiraman's load upsets the horses of two men. The two men then beat up Hiraman. After this, Hiraman takes a second vow (doosri kasam) to never again carry bamboo in his cart.

One night, Hiraman is asked to carry Hirabai (Waheeda Rehman), a nautanki dancer, as a passenger to a village fair forty miles away. As they travel together, Hiraman sings to pass time and tells Hirabai the story of the legend of Mahua. As the journey progresses, Hirabai is mesmerized by Hiraman's innocence and his simple philosophy of life. Hiraman sees Hirabai as an angel of purity.

Once they reach the village fair, Hiraman joins his band of bullock cart drivers and Hirabai joins the nautanki company. Hirabai asks Hiraman to stay at the village fair for a few days to see her dance. Hirabai arranges free passes for Hiraman and his friends to see the nautanki every night for the duration of the fair.

As Hiraman attends the nautanki, he becomes aware that other people see Hirabai as a prostitute and this disturbs him. He tries to shield and protect her from society. As the days pass, the bond between Hirabai and Hiraman grows stronger. When Hiraman becomes involved in fights with local people who disparage Hirabai and her profession, Hirabai tries to make him understand that it is the harsh reality of her life. Hiraman asks Hirabai to leave her profession and to start living a respectable life. Hirabai refuses to leave. Feeling depressed, Hiraman leaves the village fair and returns to his village.

Hirabai meets Hiraman and tells him that she had been sold, then leaves. Hiraman then takes a third vow (teesri kasam) that he will never again carry a nautanki dancer in his cart.[2]

Cast[edit | edit source]

Production[edit | edit source]

Development and Pre-production[edit | edit source]

Phanishwarnath Renu, who wrote the original short story Mare Gaye Gulfam in 1954, also wrote the script.[3] The screenplay was written by Nabendu Ghosh, whose works include Devdas (1955), Sujata (1959) and Bandini (1963). Basu Bhattacharya directed the film with a sense of realism and natural style. He felt it was important for the film that Raj Kapoor should avoid his usual "simple man" mannerisms.[4] Shailendra acquired Mare gaye gulfam rights, and initially Mehmood and Meena Kumari was selected for the role of Hiraman and Hirabai. Raj Kapoor charged only one rupee to make the film. He advised Shailendra to add some commercial elements in this film, in this heartbreaking sad story but the producer did not agree to it and did the movie the way he wanted.[5]

Lata Mangeshkar, Manna Dey, Asha Bhosle, Suman Kalyanpur, Shankar- Shambhu, and Mukesh did playback singing.

Principal photography[edit | edit source]

Shailendra wanted to film this movie in the Terai area of Bihar, but the stories of dacoits and robbers there forced him to shoot this film somewhere else. The filming took place at Igatpuri near Nasik.[5] The filming took many years to complete. Indoor filming took place at R.K. Studio, Shree Sound Studios and Kamal studio in Bombay (now Mumbai). Basu Bhattacharya wanted Raj and Waheeda Rehman perform in natural way. Raj Kapoor thought the ending of the film should be tweaked and Hirabai and Hiraman should go away together, but no one agreed to this.[6] Most of the outdoor sequences were filmed at Aurahi Hingna, Araria district in Bihar and Bina, a town near Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.[7][8][9] A few scenes were filmed at Powai Lake and at Mohan Studios in Mumbai. [10][11] A set of Gulababag fair's The Great Bharat nautanki (drama) company was created in Mumbai studio.[9] Subrata Mitra, the cinematographer on Satyajit Ray's early films, had moved to Mumbai for a brief period to make Merchant Ivory films.[12][13] The theatre actor A. K. Hangal, knew Shailender from IPTA theatre group days, and agreed to play the small role of Hiraman's elder brother. However, eventually much of his role was cut in the final editing to reduce the length of the film.[11]

Lachchu Maharaj and Rama Devi did this film's choreography and Nautanki was supervised by Shankar-Shambhu while Desh Mukharjee was the art director.

Crew[edit | edit source]

Music[edit | edit source]

All lyrics are written by Shailendra & Hasrat Jaipuri; all music is composed by Shankar–Jaikishan.

No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."Aa Aa Bhi Jaa"ShailendraLata Mangeshkar5:03
2."Chalat Musafir"ShailendraManna Dey3:04
3."Duniya Bananewale"Hasrat JaipuriMukesh5:03
4."Haye Ghazab Kahin Tara Toota"ShailendraAsha Bhosle4:13
5."Maare Gaye Gulfaam"Hasrat JaipuriLata Mangeshkar4:00
6."Paan Khaaye Saiyaan Hamaaro"ShailendraAsha Bhosle4:08
7."Sajanwa Bairi Ho Gaye Hamaar"ShailendraMukesh3:51
8."Sajan Re Jhoot Mat Bolo"ShailendraMukesh3:43
9."Lali Lali Doliya Mein Lali Re"ShailendraAsha Bhosle3:11
10."Kissa Hota Hai Shuru"ShailendraMubarak Begum, Shankar-Shambhu2:57
11."Preet Bana ke Tune"Hasrat JaipuriSuman Kalyanpur1:00

Reception[edit | edit source]

Teesri Kasam was well received by critics and won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film; however, it proved to be a commercial failure at the box-office. Bhattacharya turned to middle cinema (a meeting of mainstream Bollywood and art house cinema). Over the years, the film came to be regarded as a classic.[14]

Raj Kapoor himself did not like this film and criticised the film's director, Basu Bhattacharya; in an interview in 1977 with India Today he said, "Basu (Basu Bhattacharya) is a pseudo, and I didn't like the film. He was risking somebody else's money. What did he have to lose?"[15]

Both Kapoor and Rehman received acclaim for their performances in the film, and critics felt that Raj Kapoor delivered one of the most sensitive performances of his career. (1956).[16][15]

Legacy[edit | edit source]

A chapter titled 'Teesri Kasam Ke Shilpkar Shailendra' (lit. "The Architect of Teesri Kasam Shailendra") (Devnagari: तीसरी कसम के शिल्पकार शैलेंद्र) which is based on the film, is included in CBSE class 10 Hindi Course-B Textbook Sparsh (Bhag 2) ("Touch (Part 2)") (Devnagari : स्पर्श (भाग – 2)). After being excluded for several years, this chapter was recently brought back in course.[17]

Awards and nominations[edit | edit source]

Year Award Category Nominee(s) Result
1967 National Film Awards Best Feature Film Shailendra and Basu Bhattacharya Won
Filmfare Awards Best Lyricist Shailendra (for Sajan Re Jhoot Mat Bolo) Nominated
Moscow International Film Festival Grand Prix Basu Bhattacharya Nominated
Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards
(Hindi) 		Best Director Won
Best Actor Raj Kapoor Won
Best Actress Waheeda Rehman Won

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Teesri Kasam: When Raj Kapoor played perfect foil to Waheeda Rehman's heartbreaking grace". ThePrint. 10 February 2019.
  2. ↑ "Teesri Kasam". 24 April 2006.
  3. ↑ Gulazāra, Nihalani & Chatterjee 2003, p. 335.
  4. ↑ Kabir & Rehman 2014, p. 94.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kumar, Anuj (29 October 2009). "Teesri Kasam (1966)". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
  6. ↑ "When Waheeda sat on Raj".
  7. ↑ "यहां हुई थी फिल्म 'तीसरी कसम' की शूटिंग, रिलीज को हुए 50 साल पूरे". Manohar Kumar. Purnia: Dainik Bhaskar. 25 September 2016. Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  8. ↑ "Maila Anchal inspirer dead". The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata). 15 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Remembering Raj Kapoor: 15 Of His Most Memorable Films". News18. 14 December 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  10. ↑ Kabir & Rehman 2014, p. 95.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Hangal 1999, p. 95.
  12. ↑ Banerjee & Srivastava 1988, p. 178.
  13. ↑ Kaur & Sinha 2005, pp. 131-132.
  14. ↑ Gulazāra, Nihalani & Chatterjee 2003, pp. 330, 532.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Sanghvi, Vir (15 November 1977). "Raj Kapoor: Sex as an art form". India Today. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  16. ↑ Gulazāra, Nihalani & Chatterjee 2003, p. 83.
  17. ↑ "Hindi B Sec 2022-23" (PDF).

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

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