Created page with "{{Short description|Puppet dancing theatre in Meitei civilization}} {{Contains special characters|Meitei}} {{Infobox dance | name = Hanglai Jagoi | image = | alt = | caption = | native_name = Hang-Lai Jagoi | etymology = Puppet dancing | genre = Jagoi | signature = | instruments = | inventor = | year = | origin = Meitei culture }} {{Langnf|mni|'''Hanglai Jagoi'''|puppetry dancing}}{{efn|sometimes also ref..." Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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{{Short description|Puppet dancing theatre in Meitei civilization}} | {{Short description|Puppet dancing theatre in Meitei civilization}} | ||
{{ | {{About|a [[puppetry]] of the [[Meitei intangible cultural heritage]]|the overall playthings|Meitei traditional toys|the dolls|Dolls in Meitei civilisation}} | ||
{{Infobox dance | {{Infobox dance | ||
| name = Hanglai Jagoi | | name = Hanglai Jagoi | ||
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| origin = [[Meitei culture]] | | origin = [[Meitei culture]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Contains special characters|Meitei}} | |||
{{Langnf|mni|'''Hanglai Jagoi'''|puppetry dancing}}{{efn|sometimes also referred to as '''Manipuri puppetry'''}} is a [[Meitei tradition]]al form of [[puppet theatre]], originated from [[Manipur]]. It is one of the most remarkable [[intangible cultural heritages of Meitei civilization]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipuri-puppetry-hanglai-jagoi-preserving-essence-9098956/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/12/15/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Dec-12-With-art-and-culture-forming-an-indelible-part-of-the-very-ethos-of-Ma.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.thesangaiexpress.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013 |others=[[Ministry of Culture (India)]] |title=Indian Horizons April-June 2013 |url=https://www.iccr.gov.in/sites/default/files/Indian%20Horizons%20April-June%202013.pdf |website=Indian Council for Cultural Relations |publisher=[[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]] |page=26 |language=en}}</ref> | {{Langnf|mni|'''Hanglai Jagoi'''|puppetry dancing}}{{efn|sometimes also referred to as '''Manipuri puppetry'''}} is a [[Meitei tradition]]al form of [[puppet theatre]], originated from [[Manipur]]. It is one of the most remarkable [[intangible cultural heritages of Meitei civilization]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipuri-puppetry-hanglai-jagoi-preserving-essence-9098956/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/12/15/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Dec-12-With-art-and-culture-forming-an-indelible-part-of-the-very-ethos-of-Ma.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.thesangaiexpress.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013 |others=[[Ministry of Culture (India)]] |title=Indian Horizons April-June 2013 |url=https://www.iccr.gov.in/sites/default/files/Indian%20Horizons%20April-June%202013.pdf |website=Indian Council for Cultural Relations |publisher=[[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]] |page=26 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
== Origin == | == Origin == | ||
According to scholars, the exact timing of the origin of Hanglai Jagoi ({{ | According to scholars, the exact timing of the origin of Hanglai Jagoi ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯍꯪꯂꯥꯏ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ}}|}}) lies in uncertainty, but it is generally accepted that the art form emerged before the arrival of [[Hinduism in Manipur]]. The art form had significant developments during the reigns of Meitei kings {{langnf|mni|[[Ching-Thang Khomba]]|[[Rajarshi Bhagyachandra]]}} and {{langnf|mni|[[Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba]]|[[Gambhir Singh]]}}. In their eras, the art form was performed during the organizations of [[Manipuri Raas Leela]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯔꯥꯁ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ}}|}}) and [[Ratha Yatra]] ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯀꯥꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ}}|}}). Later, it came to be associated with the art form of Goura Leela ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯒꯧꯔꯥ ꯂꯤꯂꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ}}|}}) too.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipuri-puppetry-hanglai-jagoi-preserving-essence-9098956/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> | ||
== Types == | == Types == | ||
Hanglai Jagoi ({{ | Hanglai Jagoi ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯍꯡꯂꯥꯏ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ}}|}}) is of four types: (1) [[Rod puppet]]ry, (2) [[Shadow puppet]]ry, (3) [[Glove puppet]]ry, and (4) [[String puppet]]ry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipuri-puppetry-hanglai-jagoi-preserving-essence-9098956/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> | ||
== Materials for puppets == | == Materials for puppets == | ||
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== Dying conditions {{Anchor|Dying state|Extinction}} == | == Dying conditions {{Anchor|Dying state|Extinction}} == | ||
The art form of Hanglai Jagoi ({{ | The art form of Hanglai Jagoi ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯍꯪꯂꯥꯏ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ}}|}}) is in the state of dying, mainly because of the challenges it faces, including but not limited to [[acculturation]], [[modernization]], different socio-cultural factors as well as lack of supports, demands, patronage, etc. | ||
Artists are required to be financially safe independently, because all the needs of the art forms are usually born by themselves, due to lack of public supports.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/12/15/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Dec-12-With-art-and-culture-forming-an-indelible-part-of-the-very-ethos-of-Ma.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.thesangaiexpress.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form : 15th dec23 ~ Headlines |url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=4..151223.dec23 |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=}}</ref> | Artists are required to be financially safe independently, because all the needs of the art forms are usually born by themselves, due to lack of public supports.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/12/15/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Dec-12-With-art-and-culture-forming-an-indelible-part-of-the-very-ethos-of-Ma.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.thesangaiexpress.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form : 15th dec23 ~ Headlines |url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=4..151223.dec23 |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=}}</ref> | ||
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== Preservation == | == Preservation == | ||
Gurumayum Basanta Sharma ({{ | Gurumayum Basanta Sharma ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯕꯁꯟꯇ ꯁꯔꯃꯥ}}|}}) of Thiyam Leishangkhong area in [[Imphal West district]] is preserving and promoting the art form of Hanglai Jagoi ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯍꯡꯂꯥꯏ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ}}|}}) in [[Manipur]] and abroad. | ||
In recognition of his dedicated effort to preserve and promote the traditional Meitei puppetry, he was honoured by the [[Centre for Cultural Resources and Training]] (CCRT), [[Ministry of Culture (India)]], for the ''"Senior Fellowship for 2020-21"'', from July 1, 2023, for a 2-year period. | In recognition of his dedicated effort to preserve and promote the traditional Meitei puppetry, he was honoured by the [[Centre for Cultural Resources and Training]] (CCRT), [[Ministry of Culture (India)]], for the ''"Senior Fellowship for 2020-21"'', from July 1, 2023, for a 2-year period. | ||
He learned the art form from different teachers, including from his late father, Gurumayum Jadu Sharma ({{ | He learned the art form from different teachers, including from his late father, Gurumayum Jadu Sharma ({{langx|mni|{{Script|Mtei|ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯖꯥꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯃꯥ}}|}}), who was also once an artist of the very puppet theatre, in Manipur, since 1986, from the age of 14.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/12/15/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Dec-12-With-art-and-culture-forming-an-indelible-part-of-the-very-ethos-of-Ma.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.thesangaiexpress.com |language=en}}</ref> | ||
During his | During his father's time, the art form was performed for more than 20 times in a year, but in present-day times, it is performed only during certain festivals or particular events.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipuri-puppetry-hanglai-jagoi-preserving-essence-9098956/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> | ||
He is working with the ''"Moppet Decoration and Cultural Centre, Yumnam Huidrom Thiyam Leishangkhong"'', for a very long time, teaching the art forms to interested learners.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/12/15/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Dec-12-With-art-and-culture-forming-an-indelible-part-of-the-very-ethos-of-Ma.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.thesangaiexpress.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipuri-puppetry-hanglai-jagoi-preserving-essence-9098956/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form : 15th dec23 ~ Headlines |url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=4..151223.dec23 |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=}}</ref> | He is working with the ''"Moppet Decoration and Cultural Centre, Yumnam Huidrom Thiyam Leishangkhong"'', for a very long time, teaching the art forms to interested learners.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds |url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2023/12/15/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Dec-12-With-art-and-culture-forming-an-indelible-part-of-the-very-ethos-of-Ma.html |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=www.thesangaiexpress.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-07 |title=Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipuri-puppetry-hanglai-jagoi-preserving-essence-9098956/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form : 15th dec23 ~ Headlines |url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=4..151223.dec23 |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=}}</ref> | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Classicism in Meitei culture]] | * [[Classicism in Meitei culture]] | ||
* [[National recognition of Meitei culture]] | * [[National recognition of Meitei culture]] | ||
* [[Animals in Meitei civilization]] | * [[Animals in Meitei civilization]] | ||
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== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
{{Notelist}} | {{Notelist}} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||
* Tensuba, K. C. (1993). Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais. India: Inter-India Publications. | * Tensuba, K. C. (1993). Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais. India: Inter-India Publications. | ||
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* Outlook. (2007). India: Hathway Investments Pvt Limited. | * Outlook. (2007). India: Hathway Investments Pvt Limited. | ||
== External links == | |||
{{Portal bar|Arts|Asia|Civilization|India|Music|Mythology|Religion|Society|Theatre}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | |||
[[Category:Meitei | [[Category:Puppetry]] | ||
[[Category:Meitei theatre]] | |||
Latest revision as of 20:58, 25 March 2026
| Native name | Hang-Lai Jagoi |
|---|---|
| Etymology | Puppet dancing |
| Genre | Jagoi |
| Origin | Meitei culture |
Hanglai Jagoi (Meitei for 'puppetry dancing')[lower-alpha 1] is a Meitei traditional form of puppet theatre, originated from Manipur. It is one of the most remarkable intangible cultural heritages of Meitei civilization.[1][2][3]
Origin[edit | edit source]
According to scholars, the exact timing of the origin of Hanglai Jagoi (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) lies in uncertainty, but it is generally accepted that the art form emerged before the arrival of Hinduism in Manipur. The art form had significant developments during the reigns of Meitei kings Ching-Thang Khomba (Meitei for 'Rajarshi Bhagyachandra') and Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba (Meitei for 'Gambhir Singh'). In their eras, the art form was performed during the organizations of Manipuri Raas Leela (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) and Ratha Yatra (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.). Later, it came to be associated with the art form of Goura Leela (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) too.[4]
Types[edit | edit source]
Hanglai Jagoi (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) is of four types: (1) Rod puppetry, (2) Shadow puppetry, (3) Glove puppetry, and (4) String puppetry.[5]
Materials for puppets[edit | edit source]
The traditional Hanglai (Meitei for 'puppet') was made of wood, paper, ragged clothes, dried paddy, etc. Later, other materials were used as substitutes.[6][7]
Dying conditions [edit | edit source]
The art form of Hanglai Jagoi (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) is in the state of dying, mainly because of the challenges it faces, including but not limited to acculturation, modernization, different socio-cultural factors as well as lack of supports, demands, patronage, etc. Artists are required to be financially safe independently, because all the needs of the art forms are usually born by themselves, due to lack of public supports.[8][9]
Important factors for its downfall include technological advancements and reduction in public interests.[10]
Preservation[edit | edit source]
Gurumayum Basanta Sharma (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) of Thiyam Leishangkhong area in Imphal West district is preserving and promoting the art form of Hanglai Jagoi (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) in Manipur and abroad. In recognition of his dedicated effort to preserve and promote the traditional Meitei puppetry, he was honoured by the Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT), Ministry of Culture (India), for the "Senior Fellowship for 2020-21", from July 1, 2023, for a 2-year period. He learned the art form from different teachers, including from his late father, Gurumayum Jadu Sharma (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.), who was also once an artist of the very puppet theatre, in Manipur, since 1986, from the age of 14.[11] During his father's time, the art form was performed for more than 20 times in a year, but in present-day times, it is performed only during certain festivals or particular events.[12]
He is working with the "Moppet Decoration and Cultural Centre, Yumnam Huidrom Thiyam Leishangkhong", for a very long time, teaching the art forms to interested learners.[13][14][15]
See also[edit | edit source]
- Classicism in Meitei culture
- National recognition of Meitei culture
- Animals in Meitei civilization
- Birds in Meitei civilization
- Constitutionalism in Meitei civilization
- Hills and mountains in Meitei civilization
- Plants in Meitei civilization
- Women in Meitei civilization
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ sometimes also referred to as Manipuri puppetry
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time". The Indian Express. 2024-01-07. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Indian Horizons April-June 2013" (PDF). Indian Council for Cultural Relations. Ministry of Culture (India). Indian Council for Cultural Relations. 2013. p. 26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ "Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time". The Indian Express. 2024-01-07. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time". The Indian Express. 2024-01-07. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form : 15th dec23 ~ Headlines". Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form : 15th dec23 ~ Headlines". Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time". The Indian Express. 2024-01-07. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time". The Indian Express. 2024-01-07. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form Tale of battle against all odds". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Preserving the essence of Manipuri puppetry: A race against time". The Indian Express. 2024-01-07. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
- ↑ "Basanta : Man behind Hanglai Jagoi art form : 15th dec23 ~ Headlines". Retrieved 2024-01-08.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- Tensuba, K. C. (1993). Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais. India: Inter-India Publications.
- Meeyamgi Kholao: Sprout of Consciousness. (2014). (n.p.): ARECOM (Advanced Research Consortium, Manipur).
- Ahuja, C. (2012). Contemporary Theatre of India: An Overview. India: National Book Trust, India.
- Outlook. (2007). India: Hathway Investments Pvt Limited.
