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| {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Vidyapati (1937 film)]] |
| {{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
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| {{Infobox film
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| | name = Vidyapati
| | {{R from move}} |
| | image =
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| | caption =
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| | director = [[Debaki Bose]]
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| | producer = [[New Theatres]]
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| | writer = [[Debaki Bose]]<br/>[[Kazi Nazrul Islam]] | |
| | narrator =
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| | starring = [[Pahari Sanyal]]<br>[[Kanan Devi]]<br>[[Prithviraj Kapoor]]<br>[[Chhaya Devi]]<br>[[Leela Desai]]
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| | music = [[R. C. Boral]]
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| | cinematography = Yusuf Mulji
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| | editing = Subodh Mitter
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| | distributor = Kapurchand Ltd.
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| | studio = [[New Theatres]]
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| | released = 1937
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| | runtime = 141 min
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| | country = India
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| | language = Bengali<br/>Hindi
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| | budget =
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| | gross =
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| | preceded_by =
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| | followed_by =
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| | website =
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| }} | | }} |
| '''''Vidyapati''''' is a 1937 [[Bengali language|Bengali]] biopic film directed by [[Debaki Bose]] for [[New Theatres]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/vidyapati-562|title=Vidyapati (1937) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2019-03-24}}</ref> It starred [[Pahari Sanyal]] as [[Vidyapati]]. His costars in the film were [[Kanan Devi]], [[Prithviraj Kapoor]], [[Chhaya Devi]], [[Leela Desai]], [[K. C. Dey]] and [[Kidar Sharma]].<ref name="Willemen">{{cite book|last1=Rajadhyaksha|first1=Ashish |last2=Willemen|first2=Paul|title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1994-IA326|access-date=29 July 2014|date=10 July 2014|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-135-94325-7|pages=1994–}}</ref> The music was by [[R. C. Boral]] and lyrics by Kidar Sharma. Debaki Bose and [[Qazi Nazrul Islam]] wrote the story, screenplay and dialogues. The story is about the [[Maithili language|Maithili]] poet and [[Vaishnava]] saint Vidyapati.<ref name="Dwyer">{{cite book|last1=Dwyer|first1=Rachel |author2=Senior Lecturer in Indian Studies Rachel Dwyer|title=Filming the Gods: Religion and Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZsKR1RKoJKUC&pg=PA73|access-date=29 July 2014|date=27 September 2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-38070-1|pages=73–}}</ref> The songs of the film became popular and the lyrics though encapsulating Vidyapati's poetry were considered bold for its time. This however ensured the film garnered crowds at the theatres making it a big success of 1937.<ref name=indiavideo>{{cite web|last1=Chandra, Balakrishnan|first1=Pali, Vijay Kumar|title=100 Years of Bollywood - Vidyapati 1937|url=http://www.indiavideo.org/cinema/vidyapati-7383.php|website=indiavideo.org|publisher=Invis Multimedia Pvt. Ltd|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref>
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| ==Plot==
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| King Shiva Singha ([[Prithviraj Kapoor]]) and His queen Lakshmi ([[Chhaya Devi]]) invite the poet Vidyapati ([[Pahari Sanyal]]) to their palace. He arrives with his constant companion Anuradha ([[Kanan Devi]]). The queen finds herself getting attracted to Vidyapati’s poetry and falls in love with him. This causes great anguish to the king who in his distress abandons his responsibilities and turns to Anuradha. The troubled Queen decides to kill herself and when the Prime Minister gets to hear of it he encourages her as he feels that Vidyapati’s sensuous bold poetry has had a detrimental effect on the king. The king, in the end, sends for his queen through Anuradha. He notices that she is lying there in the same position and starts crying realizing the queen is dead. Anuradha and Shiva try getting Lakshmi to get up without success.
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| ==Production and review==
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| The film is thought to be Debaki Bose’s most adept directorial venture.<ref name="Jain">{{cite book|last=Jain|first=Madhu |title=Kapoors: The First Family of Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l3heZ8I-k9AC&pg=PT33|access-date=29 July 2014|date=17 April 2009|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-813-9|pages=33–}}</ref> The tight close-ups helped the narration of the story which focused on the poetry and songs.<ref name=Willemen /> The films in those days tended to be heroine-centric and though the film was called Vidyapati the main star of the film was Kanan Devi. Her convincing performance became the main support of the film along with a strong script.<ref name=Willemen /><ref name=Jain />
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| Prithviraj Kapoor’s performance was rated high by [[Baburao Patel]], the editor of ''[[Filmindia]]'', while also appreciating the "newcomer" Mohammed Ishaq. He called Debaki Bose’s direction a "fine poem of art" and Bose "truly a great director".<ref name=Filmindia>{{cite journal|last1=Patel|first1=Baburao|title=Vidyapati -Review|journal=Filmindia|date=Jan 1938|volume=3|issue=9|pages=43|url=https://archive.org/stream/filmindia19373803unse#page/n121/mode/2up|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref>
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| The film was used by [[Guru Dutt]] in his film [[Kaagaz Ke Phool]] (1959) as a tribute to the Studio Era by showing the character Suresh in the balcony of the theatre where Vidyapati is being watched by a packed audience.<ref name=Tribune>{{cite news|last1=Chatterji|first1=Shoma|title=Director's Cut|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20071111/spectrum/main6.htm|access-date=29 July 2014|agency=The Tribune Trust|publisher=Tribune|date=11 Nov 2007}}</ref>
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| ==Music==
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| The music director R. C. Boral brought in western influences by making use of the organ and piano in his music direction.<ref name=Gopal>{{cite book|last1=Gopal, Murti|first1=Sangita, Sujata|title=Global Bollywood: Travels of Hindi Song and Dance|date=2008|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|isbn=9780816645787|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=19JBf6oDOy0C&q=vidyapati+1937&pg=PA92|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> The impact was successful with popular as well as classic tunes being used and the songs were highly appreciated.<ref name=Filmindia /> The role of Anuradha which Kanan Devi enacted was created by Nazrul Islam. Her songs like "More Angana Mein Aaye Aali" and her duets with K. C. Dey made her the top female singing star on par with [[K. L. Saigal]] at New Theatres.<ref name="Ganesh">{{cite book|last1=Anantharaman|first1=Ganesh|title=Bollywood Melodies The History of Hindi Film Songs|date=2008|isbn=9780143063407|pages=3}}</ref><ref name=Nevile>{{cite web|last1=Nevile|first1=Pran|title=Heroine who carried honey in her throat|url=http://www.prannevile.com/article_12|website=prannevile.com|publisher=PNNevile|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Kidar Sharma left New Theatres following differences between him and Debaki Bose but not before making a tremendous name for himself following his lyrics in [[Devdas (1936 film)|Devdas]] (1935) and Vidyapati.<ref name="Ganesh p. 101">Ganesh, p. 101</ref>
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| ===Songs===
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| {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
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| ! # !! Title !! Singer(s)
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| | 1
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| | "Ambuvaa Ki Daali Daali Jhum Rahi Hai Aali"
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| | Kanan Devi
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| |-
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| | 2
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| | "Darshan Hue Tihaare Saajan"
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| | Pahari Sanyal
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| |-
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| | 3
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| | "Ek Din Raadhaa Ne Bansuriyaa, Ik Baans Ki Thi"
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| | Pahari Sanyal
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| |-
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| | 4
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| | "Dole Hriday Ki Naiya"
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| | Kanan Devi
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| |-
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| | 5
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| | "Madhu Ritu Aai Phaagun Ki Sakhi"
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| | Pahadi Sanyal
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| |-
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| | 6
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| | "Panaghat Pe Kanhaiya Aata Hai"
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| | K. C. Dey
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| |-
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| | 7
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| | "Anuradha O Anuradha, Gokul Se Gaye Giradhari"
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| | K. C. Dey
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| |-
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| | 8
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| | "Rang"
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| | Rampyari
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| |}
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|30em}}
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| ==External links==
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| {{Commons category|Bidyapati (1937 film)|Vidyapati}}
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| *{{IMDb title|id =0028626 |title =Vidyapati }}
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| *[https://indiancine.ma/CGY/info ''Vidyapati''] at indiancine.ma
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| [[Category:1937 films]]
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| [[Category:Indian films]]
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| [[Category:1930s Hindi-language films]]
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| [[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
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| [[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
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| [[Category:Indian biographical drama films]]
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| [[Category:1930s biographical drama films]]
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| [[Category:1937 drama films]]
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