|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Multiple issues|
| | #REDIRECT [[Ballari district]] |
| {{more citations needed|date=January 2011}}
| |
| {{update|date=December 2020}}
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}} | | {{Redirect category shell| |
| {{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}
| | {{R from alternative name}} |
| {{Infobox settlement | | {{R from move}} |
| | name = Bellary district
| |
| | native_name =
| |
| | native_name_lang =
| |
| | other_name =
| |
| | nickname =
| |
| | settlement_type = [[List of districts of Karnataka|District]] of [[Karnataka]]
| |
| | image_skyline = Bellary Fort3.jpg
| |
| | image_alt =
| |
| | image_caption = [[Bellary Fort]]
| |
| | image_map = Karnataka Bellary locator map.svg
| |
| | map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| |
| | coordinates = {{coord|15.1500|N|76.9333|E|display=inline,title}}
| |
| | subdivision_type = Country
| |
| | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| |
| | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| |
| | subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| |
| | subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| |
| | subdivision_name2 = [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]]
| |
| | established_title = <!-- Established -->[[Member of Parliament|MP]]
| |
| | established_date = Y. Devendrappa
| |
| | founder =
| |
| | named_for =
| |
| | parts_type = [[Taluka]]s
| |
| | parts = [[Bellary]], [[Kampli]], [[Sanduru]], [[Siruguppa]], [[Kurugodu]]
| |
| | seat_type = Headquarters
| |
| | seat = [[Bellary]]
| |
| | government_type = Zilla Panchayat of Bellary District
| |
| | governing_body =
| |
| | leader_title = Deputy Commissioner
| |
| | leader_name = S.S. Nakul, IAS
| |
| | unit_pref = Metric
| |
| | area_footnotes =
| |
| | area_rank =
| |
| | area_total_km2 = 8450<ref>https://ballari.nic.in/en/demography/</ref>
| |
| | elevation_m = 449
| |
| | population_total = 24,52,595<ref>https://ballari.nic.in/en/demography/</ref>
| |
| | population_urban = 9,20,239<ref>https://ballari.nic.in/en/demography/</ref>
| |
| | population_rural = 15,23,256<ref>https://ballari.nic.in/en/demography/</ref>
| |
| | population_as_of = 2011
| |
| | population_rank =
| |
| | population_density_km2 = auto
| |
| | population_demonym = Bellaryan
| |
| | population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite news |title=Cabinet approves boundaries of Vijayanagara district |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/cabinet-approves-boundaries-of-vijayanagara-district/article33197346.ece |access-date=1 December 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=28 November 2020}}</ref>
| |
| | demographics_type1 = Language
| |
| | demographics1_title1 = Official
| |
| | demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| |
| | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| |
| | utc_offset1 = +5:30
| |
| | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| |
| | postal_code = 583101
| |
| | area_code_type = Telephone code
| |
| | area_code = Bellary:08392
| |
| | registration_plate = KA 34
| |
| | website = {{URL|https://ballari.nic.in/en/}}
| |
| | footnotes =
| |
| | official_name = Ballari district
| |
| }} | | }} |
|
| |
| '''Bellary''', officially known as '''Ballari'''<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangalore, 11 other cities will get new names {{!}} Bengaluru News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Bangalore-11-other-cities-will-get-new-names/articleshow/44862699.cms |access-date=23 November 2020 |work=The Times of India |date=18 October 2014 |language=en}}</ref> (pronounced {{IPA-kn|ˈbəɭɭari|}}), is a major district in [[Karnataka]]. It is located at north-eastern part of [[Karnataka]]. This district belongs to [[Hyderabad-Karnataka]]. This [[district]] was one of the biggest districts in Karnataka until the [[Vijayanagara district]] was carved out of Bellary district in 2020.
| |
|
| |
| This district has the highest deposits of iron ore in [[India]].
| |
|
| |
| Historical sites, farm land and rich minerals characterize Bellary district. Recently making headlines with mining industry, Bellary, the district's capital, is known as Steel City and Gani Nadu (City of Mining).
| |
|
| |
| ==History==
| |
| {{Main|History of Bellary}}
| |
| Earlier Bellary district was part of [[Madras presidency]]. The area was severely affected by the [[Great Famine of 1876–78]]. After [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]], when the [[States and union territories of India|Indian states]] were [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|reorganized]] along linguistic lines, Bellary became part of the [[Hyderabad-Karnataka]] region of the state of [[Karnataka]], now renamed as Kalyana-Karnataka. In 1882 Anantapur District Was formed by carving out from [[Bellary district]] and In 2020, [[Vijayanagara district]] was separated from Bellary.
| |
|
| |
| ==Geography==
| |
| Bellary district is spread from southwest to northeast and is situated on the eastern side of [[Karnataka]] state. The district is 15° 30’ and 15°50’ north latitude and 75° 40’ and 77° 11’ east longitude. The geographical area is 8447 km².
| |
|
| |
| This district is bounded by [[Raichur District]] on the north, [[Koppal District]], [[Vijayanagara district]] on the west, [[Chitradurga District]] and [[Davanagere District]] on the south, and [[Anantapur District]] and [[Kurnool District]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]] on the east.
| |
|
| |
| The normal rainfall is 639 mm.
| |
|
| |
| ==Administration==
| |
| Bellary comes under the administrative control of [[Gulbarga]] division and development jurisdiction of H.K.D.B, Gulbarga.
| |
|
| |
| The revenue division, Bellary division has 5 taluks. There are 9 [[hobli]]es, one Corporation, one City Municipal Council, two town municipality, six town panchayats, 542 revenue villages, and 436 thandas/habitations.
| |
|
| |
| According to the 2011 census Bellary district has a population of 2,532,383,[4] roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait[5] or the US state of Nevada.[6] This gives it a ranking of 168th in India (out of a total of 640).[4] The district has a population density of 300 inhabitants per square kilometer (780/sq mi).[4] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 24.92%.[4] Bellary has a sex ratio of 978 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 67.85%.[4]
| |
|
| |
| ==Assembly and Parliament constituencies==
| |
| The district consists of one [[Lok Sabha]] constituency ([[Bellary (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bellary]], reserved for STs) and five [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] constituencies. These are
| |
|
| |
| 91. [[Kampli (Karnataka Assembly constituency)|Kampli]] (ST)
| |
|
| |
| 92. [[Siruguppa (Karnataka Assembly constituency)|Siruguppa]] (ST)
| |
|
| |
| 93. [[Bellary (Vidhana Sabha constituency)|Bellary]] (ST)
| |
|
| |
| 94. [[Bellary City (Vidhana Sabha constituency)|Bellary City]]
| |
|
| |
| 95. [[Sandur (Karnataka Assembly constituency)|Sandur]] (ST)
| |
|
| |
| The Assembly constituency of [[Siruguppa (Karnataka Assembly constituency)|Siruguppa]] is part of the parliamentary constituency of [[Koppal (Lok Sabha constituency)|Koppal]].
| |
|
| |
| ==Economy==
| |
|
| |
| The major occupation of this district is [[agriculture]] and 75% of its total labour force is dependent on agriculture for its livelihood. The important crops grown are [[cotton]], [[jowar]], [[peanut|groundnuts]], [[rice]], [[sunflowers]] and [[cereals]]. The net irrigated area is 37% of the net area sown.
| |
|
| |
| As of 1998, the main source of irrigation is [[Tungabhadra Dam]] (presently in [[Vijayanagara district]]). The canal network accounts for 64% of the district's irrigated area. Important rivers are Tungabhadra, [[Vedavathi River|Hagari]] and Chikkahagari. The western taluks of the district have been plagued by low rainfall for successive years. However, during the current and preceding years, heavy rains have created havoc in the district leaving many in the lurch.
| |
|
| |
| ==Industries==
| |
| Bellary district is rich in natural resources that need to be tapped to a great extent for the overall development of the district. This district is endowed with rich mineral resources. It has both metallic and non-metallic minerals. The metallic minerals include [[iron]] ore, [[manganese]] ore, [[gold]], [[copper]] and [[lead]]. The non-metallic minerals include [[andalusite]], [[asbestos]], [[corundum]], [[clay]], [[Dolomite (mineral)|dolomite]], [[limestone]], limekankan, [[molding sand]], [[quartz]], [[soap stone]], [[granite]] and [[red ochre]]. The metallic minerals are abundant is only two talukas, [[Sanduru]] and [[Bellary]] in the order of mining activity intensity. The annual production of Iron ore is anywhere between 2.75 and 4.5 million tonnes, and manganese ore between 0.13 million tonnes to 0.30 million tonnes (1991).The real estate prices have already started to shoot as more and more industries are finding their way into this city. Bellary to its credit has the second largest single rock mountain in the world.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bellary Karnataka state report_2012.pdf|url=http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/lld_data_13jan12/Bellary_Karnataka_state_report_2012.pdf|website=mospi.nic.in|date=2012|access-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075233/http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/lld_data_13jan12/Bellary_Karnataka_state_report_2012.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| ===Mining===
| |
| Bellary district has 25% of India's iron ore reserves. Till 1994 handful of mining companies operated here including state-owned NMDC.
| |
| Later Govt issued mining licenses to many private operators. Mining Industry boomed with a surge in Iron Ore prices due to demand from emerging China. Mining license allocation policy from Central govt was based on Political Nepotism rather than merit.
| |
| Flawed mining policy leads to widespread [[illegal mining in India|illegal mining]]. Since the year 2000 money from illegal money flowed into electoral politics of Karnataka State. This led to the emergence of powerful Reddy Brothers to state politics. Reddy brothers fueled money from illegal mining into politics, thereby King Makers of Karnataka State politics. Ombudsman's report on mining in [[Karnataka state]] found that the promoters of privately owned mining companies in the Bellary region paid off politicians, and then joined politics themselves, rising to positions in the Karnataka state government. These mining businessmen-turned-politicians exerted so much influence over the local officials that the Indian media began describing Bellary as a "new republic".<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14783930 India mining scandal: G Janardhana Reddy remanded]</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14486290 Why mining in India is a source of corruption?]</ref>
| |
|
| |
| Despite the availability of minerals in large quantities, this district is considered to be an industrially backward district. There are 23 units of large and medium scale industries in this district with an investment of Rs.447.76 crores employing around 9,222 persons At present it occupies ninth place in the state. Sathavahana Ispat Ltd. is the first [[Pig Iron]] plant set up in the region to utilize the abundant iron ore reserves available, Kirloskar was the next to follow with their Pig Iron plant. However, with the commissioning of Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited at Hosapete, the industry scenario of this district underwent sea changes. It is understood that Mukand Steels and Kalyani Steels have started industries in this area. The inflow of investment into these industries would be around Rs.30,000 Crores. The district will, therefore, come under heavy pressure on basic infrastructure such as power, communication, health, education, and police stations which again invite heavy investment to create the needed infrastructure. Urgent action is needed to pool the resources under various sectors such as District Sector, State sector, Border Area Development, HKDB etc., and prepare a perspective plan to the emerging challenges. However, the mining industry in Bellary has caused devastating environmental damage and subsequent socioeconomic crises. Therefore courts in Karnataka have ordered the reclamation of the region.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-08|title=A ravaged earth and the long wait for relief|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/specials/insight/a-ravaged-earth-and-the-long-wait-for-relief-912805.html|access-date=2020-11-08|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| ==Demographics==
| |
| {{historical populations|11=1901|12=5,12,624|13=1911|14=5,07,800|15=1921|16=4,40,660|17=1931|18=4,93,701|19=1941|20=5,44,113|21=1951|22=6,56,079|23=1961|24=7,86,556|25=1971|26=9,76,972|27=1981|28=13,05,624|29=1991|30=16,56,000|31=2001|32=20,27,140|33=2011|34=24,52,595|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Bellary district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 2,452,595,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Kuwait]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote =Kuwait 2,595,62}}</ref> or the US state of [[Nevada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=Nevada 2,700,551 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=19 October 2013 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 168th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|300|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi|abbr=}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 24.92%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Bellary has a [[sex ratio]] of 978 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 67.85%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Scheduled castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.1% and 18.4% of the population respectively. Most of the tribals in Bellary district belong to the [[Boyar (caste)|Boya]] or Valmiki community, which is listed as a Scheduled Tribe in the state.
| |
|
| |
| As of the 2011 census, 71.95% of the population speaks [[Kannada]], 11.33% [[Urdu]], 9.68% [[Telugu language|Telugu]], 3.05% [[Lambadi]], 1.43% [[Hindi]] and 1.04% [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as their first language.<ref name="districtcensus" />
| |
|
| |
| ==Tourism==
| |
|
| |
| *[[Bellary Fort]], a historic fort.
| |
| *[[Bommghatta]], known for its temple which hosts the deity [[Hanuman]] as ''Hulikunteraya''.
| |
| *[[Timmalapura]], known for its temple to [[Sri Krishna]].
| |
|
| |
| ==Connectivity==
| |
| [[File:Ballari railway station.jpg|thumb|Ballari railway station]]
| |
| By Air: The nearest airport is [[Vidyanagar Airport]].The [[airport]] is connected with [[Bangalore|Banglore]] and Hyderbad daily.
| |
| A new airport is under construction in [[Bellary city]] outscrits.
| |
|
| |
| By Rail: The district has two main junctions at [[Bellary Railway Station]] and [[Hospete Railway Station]].The two junctions are connected with major junctions in both North and South India.
| |
|
| |
| By Road: The district has main National Highway 67.The district is connected with Bidar-SRI Rangapatna Highway.
| |
| Nekrtc play buses in bellary.
| |
|
| |
| ==Politics==
| |
| The most prominent Bellary politician is [[G. Janardhana Reddy]], a mining baron and BJP member. He was a former minister in the BS Yeddyurappa government. He was sentenced to jail for 3 years over a [[Mining scams in India#Illegal iron ore mining in Karnataka|scam]] in which he was illegally mining iron ore. He has ₹1000 crore assets.
| |
|
| |
| [[B Sriramulu]] - BJP vice president of Karnataka and current Health minister
| |
|
| |
| [[Allum Veerabhadrappa]] - MLC and Former [[Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee|KPCC]] President
| |
|
| |
| [[M. P. Prakash]] - former Deputy CM of [[Karnataka]]
| |
|
| |
| [[G. Somashekara Reddy]] - MLA, Bellary City
| |
|
| |
| [[G. Karunakara Reddy]]: Former Minister and MLA [[Harpanahalli|Harapanahalli]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Anand Singh (Karnataka politician)|Anand singh]]: Hospet MLA and former minister
| |
|
| |
| [[E. Tukaram|E Tukram]]: Sandur MLA and former minister
| |
|
| |
| [[B. Nagendra|B Nagendra]]: Bellary Rural MLA
| |
|
| |
| [[P. T. Parameshwar Naik|P.T. Paramaeshwar Naik]]: Former minister and current MLA, [[Hoovina Hadagali|Hoovinahadagali]]
| |
|
| |
| [[K. C. Kondaiah]]: Former MP and MLC
| |
|
| |
| [[Devendrappa|Y. Devendrappa]]: MP Bellary (ST)
| |
|
| |
| Somalingappa: MLA [[Siruguppa|Sirguppa]]
| |
|
| |
| LBP Bheemanaik: MLA [[Hagari Bommanahalli|Hagaribommanahalli]]
| |
|
| |
| ==Demand for a separate district==
| |
| People of [[Hospet]], lead by Forest Minister and Ballari in-charge MLA Anand Singh, demanded bifurcation of Bellary district into Vijayanagar and Bellary districts. In November 2020, the cabinet approved the division of the district into Bellary and Vijayanagara district. Bellary district consists of Bellary, Kampli, Sandur, Siruguppa and Kurugodu taluks while Vijayanagara district consists of Hospet, Harappanahalli, Huvina Hadagali, Kottur, Hagaribommanahalli and Kudligi taluks.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cabinet approves boundaries of Vijayanagara district |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/cabinet-approves-boundaries-of-vijayanagara-district/article33197346.ece |access-date=30 November 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=28 November 2020}}</ref>
| |
|
| |
| ==See also==
| |
| *[[Narsapur, Karnataka]]
| |
| *Jangam Tumbigere, Harapanahalli
| |
| * [[Vijayanagara district]]
| |
|
| |
| ==References==
| |
| {{Reflist}}
| |
|
| |
| == External links ==
| |
| {{Commons category|Bellary district}}
| |
| * [https://ballari.nic.in/ Official website]
| |
| *[https://web.archive.org/web/20101111012319/http://www.explorehampiwithme.in/ Incredible India Hampi Guide]
| |
| *[http://www.hampi.in Info on Hampi ].
| |
|
| |
| {{Karnataka topics}}
| |
| {{Authority control}}
| |
|
| |
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Bellary District}}
| |
| [[Category:Districts of Karnataka]]
| |
| [[Category:Bellary district| ]]
| |
|
| |
| [[kn:ಬಳ್ಳಾರಿ]]
| |
This page is a redirect. The following categories are used to track and monitor this redirect: