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{{ | {{Short description|Extinct Indo-Aryan language}} | ||
'''Lubanki''', also known as '''Labanki''', is an extinct [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]] | {{Multiple issues| | ||
{{More citations needed|date=January 2017}} | |||
{{confusing|date=May 2022}} | |||
}} | |||
{{Infobox language | |||
| name = Lubanki | |||
| altname = Labanki | |||
| states = [[India]] and [[Pakistan]] | |||
| speakers = none | |||
| ref = | |||
| extinct = ? | |||
| familycolor = Indo-European | |||
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]] | |||
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]] | |||
| fam4 = [[Northwestern Indo-Aryan languages|Northwestern]] | |||
| fam5 = [[Punjabi dialects and languages|Punjabic]] | |||
| fam6 = [[Lahnda]] | |||
| iso3 = none | |||
| glotto = none | |||
| ethnicity = [[Labana]] | |||
| region = [[Punjab]] | |||
}} | |||
'''Lubanki''', also known as '''Labanki''' or '''Lubani''', is an extinct [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]] dialect that was formerly spoken by the [[Labana]] tribe in [[Punjab region|Punjab]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Roma |publisher=Roma Publications |year=1983 |volume=7 |quote=Another unique feature was the language. Until lately their spoken language was 'Lubanki".}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Journal of Religious Studies |publisher=Department of Religious Studies, Punjabi University |volume=34 |pages=190 |quote=... Lubanki, dialect of the Lobanas lost its credibility and use, and with it faded off the obsolescent aspects of their culture.}}</ref> The dialect is named thus because it was used by the Labana tribe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Punjab History Conference, Thirty-second Session, March 17-19, 2000: Proceedings |publisher=Publication Bureau, Punjabi University |year=2001 |isbn=9788173807220 |pages=143–147}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Grierson |first=George Abraham |title=Linguistic Survey of India, Volume 9, Part 3 |publisher=Office of the superintendent of government printing, India |year=1907 |pages=297–303 |chapter=Labanki of the Punjab}}</ref> It was a [[dialect]] of the Labanas, incorporating elements of [[Marwari language|Marwari]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], and [[Marathi language|Marathi]]. The dialect is extinct among Labanas in Punjab, but is still spoken by [[Rajasthan]]i Labanas. | |||
== | The dialect consisted of a mixture of different [[Vernacular|vernaculars]].<ref name=":0" /> Some unique words were ''gauri'' (cow), ''chhora'' (son), ''bhut'' (devil), ''bhau'' (brother), ''dasa'' (hole), ''ladho'', and ''baro''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Sikh Review, Volume 32, Issues 361-372 |publisher=Sikh Cultural Centre |location=Calcutta |pages=47}}</ref> The dialect went into decline after the Lubana tribe started settling into a sedentary lifestyle.<ref name=":0" /> In 1941, the weekly newspaper ''Prem Sandesh'' edited by Bawa Harnam Singh spoke against the dialect and other aspects of Labana culture, such as ''[[Ghagra choli|ghagra]]'', ''[[choli]]'', various ornaments, ''[[purdah]]'', and other cultural aspects.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
{{ | |||
Among [[Sikh]]s, the famous Labanki quote Guru Ladho Re (Found the Guru) was outspoken when [[Makhan Shah Labana]] identified the ninth successor of [[Nanak]], [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]]. | |||
Some Lubanki words are preserved within the Guru Granth Sahib, such as in the following phrases:<ref>{{Cite book |title=Proceedings - Punjab History Conference (Thirty-Ninth Session, March 2007) |publisher=Department of Punjab Historical Studies, Punjabi University |isbn=9788130201467 |pages=301}}</ref> | |||
* ''tu bharo thakar mera'' (page 622) | |||
* ''ih jag tago sut ko bhai'' (page 635) | |||
* ''min pakr phankio ar Katio randh kio bahu bani'' (page 658 ) | |||
* ''sant jana ka chhora tis charni lag'' (page 811) | |||
* ''phuto anda bharam ka manaih bhaio pargas'' (page 1002) | |||
== References == | |||
<references /> | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| Line 12: | Line 46: | ||
[[Category:Punjabi dialects]] | [[Category:Punjabi dialects]] | ||
[[Category:Labana]] | [[Category:Labana]] | ||
{{IndoAryan-lang-stub}} | |||
Latest revision as of 23:13, 12 September 2025
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|
| Lubanki | |
|---|---|
| Labanki | |
| Native to | India and Pakistan |
| Region | Punjab |
| Ethnicity | Labana |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | None |
Lubanki, also known as Labanki or Lubani, is an extinct Indo-Aryan dialect that was formerly spoken by the Labana tribe in Punjab.[1][2] The dialect is named thus because it was used by the Labana tribe.[3][4] It was a dialect of the Labanas, incorporating elements of Marwari, Punjabi, Gujarati, and Marathi. The dialect is extinct among Labanas in Punjab, but is still spoken by Rajasthani Labanas.
The dialect consisted of a mixture of different vernaculars.[3] Some unique words were gauri (cow), chhora (son), bhut (devil), bhau (brother), dasa (hole), ladho, and baro.[3][5] The dialect went into decline after the Lubana tribe started settling into a sedentary lifestyle.[3] In 1941, the weekly newspaper Prem Sandesh edited by Bawa Harnam Singh spoke against the dialect and other aspects of Labana culture, such as ghagra, choli, various ornaments, purdah, and other cultural aspects.[3]
Among Sikhs, the famous Labanki quote Guru Ladho Re (Found the Guru) was outspoken when Makhan Shah Labana identified the ninth successor of Nanak, Guru Tegh Bahadur.
Some Lubanki words are preserved within the Guru Granth Sahib, such as in the following phrases:[6]
- tu bharo thakar mera (page 622)
- ih jag tago sut ko bhai (page 635)
- min pakr phankio ar Katio randh kio bahu bani (page 658 )
- sant jana ka chhora tis charni lag (page 811)
- phuto anda bharam ka manaih bhaio pargas (page 1002)
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Roma. Vol. 7. Roma Publications. 1983.
Another unique feature was the language. Until lately their spoken language was 'Lubanki".
- ↑ Journal of Religious Studies. Vol. 34. Department of Religious Studies, Punjabi University. p. 190.
... Lubanki, dialect of the Lobanas lost its credibility and use, and with it faded off the obsolescent aspects of their culture.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Punjab History Conference, Thirty-second Session, March 17-19, 2000: Proceedings. Publication Bureau, Punjabi University. 2001. pp. 143–147. ISBN 9788173807220.
- ↑ Grierson, George Abraham (1907). "Labanki of the Punjab". Linguistic Survey of India, Volume 9, Part 3. Office of the superintendent of government printing, India. pp. 297–303.
- ↑ The Sikh Review, Volume 32, Issues 361-372. Calcutta: Sikh Cultural Centre. p. 47.
- ↑ Proceedings - Punjab History Conference (Thirty-Ninth Session, March 2007). Department of Punjab Historical Studies, Punjabi University. p. 301. ISBN 9788130201467.
External links[edit | edit source]
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