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{{Short description|1973 film by M. G. Ramachandran}}
{{Short description|1973 film by M. G. Ramachandran}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name          = Ulagam Sutrum Valiban
| name          = Ulagam Sutrum Valiban
Line 7: Line 7:
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director      = [[M. G. Ramachandran]]
| director      = [[M. G. Ramachandran]]
| producer      = M. G. Ramachandran<br />[[R. M. Veerappan]]
| screenplay    =
| story          = [[R. M. Veerappan]]<br />S. K. T. Sami<br />Ve. Lakshmanan
| story          = [[R. M. Veerappan]]<br />S. K. T. Sami<br />Ve. Lakshmanan
| based_on       =  
| producer       = M. G. Ramachandran<br />R. M. Veerappan
| starring      = [[M. G. Ramachandran]]<br />[[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]]<br />[[Latha (actress)|Latha]]<br />[[Chandrakala]]<br />Metta Roongrat<br />[[M. N. Nambiar]]<br />[[R. S. Manohar]]<br />[[S. A. Ashokan]]<br />[[Nagesh]]
| starring      = M. G. Ramachandran<br />[[Chandrakala]]<br />[[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]]<br />[[Latha (actress)|Latha]]
| narrator      =
| music          = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| cinematography = V. Ramamoorthy
| cinematography = V. Ramamoorthy
| editing        = M. Umanath
| editing        = M. Umanath
| music          = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| studio        = Emgeeyaar Pictures
| studio        = Emgeeyaar Pictures
| released      = {{Film date|df=yes|1973|05|11}}
| released      = {{Film date|df=yes|1973|05|11}}
| runtime        = 178 minutes
| runtime        = 178 minutes{{sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|p=419}}
| country        = India
| country        = India
| language      = Tamil
| language      = Tamil
| budget        =
}}
}}


'''''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban''''' ({{translation|Globetrotting Youngster}}) is a 1973 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[science fiction film]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=TAMIL SCIENCE FICTION CINEMA AND THE CULTURAL UNCONSCIOUS: A 'VISIONARY' JUNGIAN READING OF 7AUM ARIVU (2011) AND 24 (2016) |url=http://www.jardcs.org/abstract.php?archiveid=1470 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180107122957/http://www.jardcs.org/abstract.php?archiveid=1470 |archive-date=7 January 2018 |website=Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems |quote=Elements of science fiction are, by no means, new to Tamil cinema, with films as early as ''[[Kaadu (1952 film)|Kaadu]]'' (1952), ''[[Kalai Arasi]]'' (1958) and ''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban'' (1973) utilizing science fiction tropes and premises.}}</ref> directed and produced by [[M. G. Ramachandran]] and co-produced by [[R. M. Veerappan]].<ref name="BftP">{{Cite news |last=Guy |first=Randor |author-link=Randor Guy |date=30 April 2016 |title=Blast from the Past: Ulagam Sutrum Vaaliban (1973) |work=The Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/ulagamsutrum-vaaliban1973/article8541302.ece |access-date=3 May 2016}}</ref> The film stars [[M. G. Ramachandran|MGR]] in the lead role, along with [[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]], [[Latha Sethupathi|Latha]], [[Chandrakala]], [[Thai people|Thai]] actress Metta Roongrat, [[M. N. Nambiar]], [[R. S. Manohar]] and [[S. A. Ashokan]], [[Nagesh]] play supporting roles. The [[film score]] and soundtrack were composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]].
'''''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban''''' ({{translation|Globetrotting Youngster}}) is a 1973 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[science fiction film]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=Tamil science fiction cinema and the cultural unconscious: a 'visionary' jungian reading of 7aum Arivu (2011) and 24 (2016) |url=http://www.jardcs.org/abstract.php?archiveid=1470 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180107122957/http://www.jardcs.org/abstract.php?archiveid=1470 |archive-date=7 January 2018 |access-date=12 January 2018 |website=Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems}}</ref> directed and co-produced by [[M. G. Ramachandran]]. The film stars Ramachandran, [[Chandrakala]], [[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]] and [[Latha (actress)|Latha]]. It revolves around a scientist who discovers an energy harnessing formula, and seeks to keep his research from being abused by a rival scientist.


==Plot==
''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban'' was released on 11 May 1973. It emerged as a major box office success, with a theatrical run lasting over 250 days. Ramachandran won the [[Filmfare Special Award – South|Filmfare Special Award for Excellent Production Values]].
Murugan ([[MGR]]) is an Indian scientist who has recently discovered how to store a part of the energy unleashed from lightning. He reports this in the [[Hong Kong]] scientists' conference. He subsequently announces that he wouldn't reveal his discovery since the world is at the brink of [[World War III]] and his research may be used for destructive purposes.


Scientist Bairavan ([[S. A. Asokan]]) claims Murugan is falsely claiming that his research is successful. Murugan thus conducts a demonstration and destroys the vital research notes, which upsets other scientists. Bairavan offers $100 million to persuade him to sell the research to a foreign country, which Murugan refuses.
== Plot ==
Murugan is an Indian scientist who has recently discovered how to store a part of the energy unleashed by lightning. He is assisted by Lilly who secretly spies for Bairavan. Murugan reports success of his research at a [[Hong Kong]] scientists' conference. He subsequently announces that he will not reveal his discovery, since the world is on the brink of [[World War III]] and his research may be used for destructive purposes. As scientists rebuke him Murugan decides to demonstrate. Murugan successfully demonstrates his experiment where a tree is shot down with a pill sized pellet and the surrounding is set ablaze, as a outcome of his research.


Murugan then departs with his girlfriend, Vimala ([[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]]) for a  world tour. He discloses to Vimala that he pretended like destroying the research notes, and he has kept them in some safe place. He indeed had plans of using them further so that his research is used for productive purposes. Bairavan, who has been following them, overhears this. Bairavan plans to steal the research notes. While in [[Singapore]], Bairavan shoots Murugan with a special gun (not killing him). Vimala faints on seeing this.
Greedy Bairavan offers $100 million and persuades him to sell the research to a foreign country([[Deep state|Deep State]]), which Murugan refuses. Despite the other scientists plea, Murugan burns the research papers in front of all scientists claiming that the research at this stage is destructive. Bairavan refuses to believe Murugan.


Murugan, who seemingly suffers from a mental disorder, is subsequently taken into Bairavan's custody.
Murugan then departs with his girlfriend, Vimala, for a world tour. He discloses to Vimala that he only pretended to destroy the research notes, and has actually kept them in a safe place. He indeed had plans to use them, to ensure that his research was used for productive purposes. Bairavan, who has been following them, overhears this and plans to loot the research notes to sell it to deep state agents. While in [[Singapore]], Bairavan shoots Murugan with a special gun that knocks him out. While Murugan falls from the tower [[Chinese Garden, Singapore|Ru Yun T'a]] into a swimming pool, vimala faints after witnessing the act.


Shortly, Vimala too is abducted by Bairavan, expecting the former to cure Murugan, so that he could get information on the whereabouts of the research documents.
Sometime later, Raju, a CBCID officer and Murugan's younger brother from [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]] , arrives in Singapore in search of his brother. He finds Lilly who works in a club. They pair up and decide to find Murugan as his body was never recovered. On fine day, they meet a Markandeyan a waiter with [[kleptomania]] who gives clues about meeting Murugan in the hotel where he works, a few days ago. They team up and try to meet Vimala to find answers. Bairavan tricks Vimala in to believing that Raju tried to kill Murugan who is now a amnesiac. Vimala leaves with Bairavan where she finds Murugan has been taken into Bairavan's custody.


Raju ([[MGR]]), a CBCID officer and Murugan's younger brother, arrives in [[Singapore]] in search of his brother.
Raju, Markandeyan and Lilly get to know that research paper has been split into several parts and is in [[Japan]] with a Buddhist monk. The address to reach the monk is in Vimala's locket. Before leaving, Lilly reveals that Ratna a friend of Vimala now has the locket.
How he finds his brother and what happens to others forms the rest of the story.


==Cast==
Ratna, a dancer in a hotel gets abused by her employer who forces her to striptease which she refuses. Raju fights and rescues her and pays her debts. She gets employed as his Personal secretary to repay Raju. Ratna's locket has address to reach another friend of Murugan named Robinson from Hong Kong in a time piece. Meanwhile Raju and Ratna fall in love and get married. While Bairavan's henchmen unsuccessful tries to steal the clock, Raju fends them off.
*[[M. G. Ramachandran]] as Murugan (Scientist) / Raju (alias Jayaraj) (CBCID officer and Murugan's younger brother) (Duel act role)
*[[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]] as Vimala (Murugan Lover)
*[[Latha Sethupathi|Latha]] as Lily (Bairavan Secroty, Who later Become Raju's Girlfriend and more)
*[[Chandrakala]] as Rathnadevi (Raju Lover and later his Wife)
*[[M. G. Chakrapani]] as (The narrator in the credits of opening, his name appears in the title as production consultant)
*[[M. N. Nambiar]] (Guest-star) as (The Karateka, one of the Bairavan's henchmen Enemy role)
*[[R. S. Manohar]] as (Lilly's Brother, Bairavan Spy Enemy role)
*[[S. A. Ashokan]] as Bairavan, (Scientist and the Enemy role)
*[[Nagesh]]  as Markandeyan (Sea View hotel bearer who later becomes Raju's friend)
*[[V. Gopalakrishnan (actor)|V. Gopalakrishnan]] as (The doctor and the gunsmith of Bairavan Enemy role)
*[[Thengai Srinivasan]] as (The driver and one of Bairavan's henchmen Enemy role)
*Som Saï (Guest-star) as Som Sai, Metta's father
*Shiyam Sundar as One of Bairavan's henchmen
*Metta Roongrat (เมตตา รุ่งรัตน์)<ref>http://www.thaiworldview.com/tv/act.php?myChoice=Metta%20Roongrat&mySearch=2</ref> (Guest-star) as Metta, Som Saï's daughter


''The casting is established according to the original order of the credits of the opening of the movie, except those not mentioned''.
The next piece of address is with Somsoy, a fruit vendor in floating market, [[Bangkok]],[[Thailand]]. In [[floating market]], Raju, Markandeyan and Ratna gets chased by Bairavan's henchmen. Ratna suffers dizziness and upon doctor's insistence rests in hotel, Raju and Markandeyan finds Samsoy and his daughter Metta. Metta smitten by charms of Raju falls for him. Raju reveals he is married and consoles a disappointed Meeta that she is like a sister to him. Samsoy hands over a small statue that contains the next piece of address that directs to them to [[Kyoto]], Japan.  


==Release==
Meanwhile, Bairavan attempts to assault Vimala as a shock treatment trail to . Murugan fights off Bairavan and secretly reveals to Vimala, that he is cured now. Bairavan who gets to know about the research notes, hires a martial artist to fetch it. Henchman now an imposter of Raju, learns the secret codes for the research notes are "Toshika, Kimoko, Mikayo, Nimona" but attacks and knocks down the monk. Raju arrives and find the henchman dressed up as the monk, who asks the meaning of these codes. Raju deciphers and get the case containing the research papers. Henchman attacks Raju but is unsuccessful.  
The film was one of Ramachandran's all-time blockbuster movies and completed a 217-day run at the box office in Tamil Nadu. It yielded {{INR}}1.3 crore in entertainment tax revenue to the State exchequer grossing record {{INR}}4.55 crore (worth {{INR}}455 crore in 2019 gold prices). It celebrated Silver Jubilee in Devi Paradise, Agasthia in Chennai, Madurai – Meenakshi (217), Trichy – Palace (203) Kovai – Raja (199)  & Sri Lanka - Capital and Kottayam - 200 days. It crossed 100 days in 33 theatres. Booking reservations within three hours of opening 100 shows were full. There was no advertisement, posters and publicity of releasing the film.  It was displayed on a blackboard.  It was the first Indian movie to break the record collection of the English-language movie "Mckenna's Gold" in a single theatre; Devi Paradise.<ref>[http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_NSxK-BA3kHo/SRL9gfcJqQI/AAAAAAAABqM/4p6Zz9AZ5dA/s1600-h/housefull_list.jpg USV industrial record]</ref><ref>[http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_NSxK-BA3kHo/RsHCNefwr0I/AAAAAAAAAUM/tfvEBQtwEZY/s400/hail_the_hero.jpg USV poster]</ref><ref>[http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-WXMKEoQUygE/TvTgbGmYJwI/AAAAAAAACfU/bd1cmKGvrJc/s1600/1st_week_poster.jpg USV first week record]</ref><ref>[http://srimgr.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/usvincudddalore.jpg USV second week record]</ref><ref>[http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_NSxK-BA3kHo/RxTFYT811TI/AAAAAAAAAYY/xPC70x0_ifQ/s400/paper_cut.jpg USV twenty-fifth week record]</ref><ref>[http://srimgr.files.wordpress.com/2008/11/chennai.jpg USV sixtieth week record]</ref>


==Awards==
Lilly escapes Vimala and Murugan from Bairavan's custody and asks them to go to "[[Expo '70|Expo 70]]" in [[Osaka]]. Lilly reveals that she has a crush on Raju to Vimala and wishes to marry him. Vimala unaware of Raju's marriage to her best friend Ratna, promises that she will give her life to make Raju marry Lilly. Lilly also dials Raju and says she had managed to escape Murugan and Vimala to expo but gets caught by Bairavan. They all travel to Expo. In ensuing chaos, Murugan gets caught by Bairavan and the doctor an accomplice of Bairavan tortures Murugan with a new device. However, Raju manages to save Murugan while Bairavan and the doctor kill each other in crossfire.


Best movie (''Sirandha Thiraipadam'')
Finally all united, Raju is shown seemingly [[Polygamy|marrying]] Lilly as well. Raju, Lilly and Ratna move to [[East Africa]] on another expedition. 
 
==Cast==
Best director ([[MGR]]) (''Sirandha Iyakkunar'')
;Male cast
 
*[[M. G. Ramachandran]] as Murugan and Raju<ref name="BftP" />
Best producer ([[MGR]]), under his ''Emgiyaar Pictures Limited'' (''Sirandha Thayaripalar'')
*[[M. N. Nambiar]] as one of Bairavan's henchmen
 
*[[S. A. Ashokan]] as Bairavan<ref name="BftP" />
[[Filmfare Special Award - South|Filmfare Special Award for Excellent Production Values]] - ''[[M. G. Ramachandran]]''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LAcfAQAAMAAJ&q=ulagam+sutrum |title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who |publisher=[[The Times Group|Bennett, Coleman & Company]] |year=1974 |pages=155}}</ref>
*[[R. S. Manohar]] as Lily's brother
 
*[[Nagesh]]  as Markandeyan<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekar |first=Anjana |date=19 October 2020 |title=Goundamani in Singapore, Yogi Babu in London: 7 hilarious Tamil scenes in foreign lands |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/goundamani-singapore-yogi-babu-london-7-hilarious-tamil-scenes-foreign-lands-135691 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717020239/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/goundamani-singapore-yogi-babu-london-7-hilarious-tamil-scenes-foreign-lands-135691 |archive-date=17 July 2021 |access-date=27 September 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>
==Trivia==
*[[V. Gopalakrishnan (actor)|V. Gopalakrishnan]] as the doctor and the gunsmith of Bairavan
It is the voice of [[M. G. Chakrapani]], the elder brother of MGR that we hear at the beginning of the movie, when the scholar ([[MGR]]) finds the formula.
*[[Thengai Srinivasan]] as the driver and one of Bairavan's henchmen
 
The director [[P. Neelakantan]] brought precious help on the shooting. Moreover, [[MGR]] thanks him in the opening title.
 
The score and soundtrack were composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]].


2 songs, of which "''Aval Oru Navarasa...''" and "''Nilavu Oru...''" results from an unfinished movie of [[MGR]] entitled '''INAINTHA KAIKAL'''.
;Female cast
*[[Chandrakala]] as Rathnadevi
*[[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]] as Vimala<ref name="BftP" />
*[[Latha (actress)|Latha]] as Lily
*Metta Rungrattana as Metta (guest appearance)


There are in '''ULAGAM SUTRUM VALIBAN''' several big instrumental pieces and very different themes in the orchestration.
== Production ==
''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban'' is the second film directed by [[M. G. Ramachandran]],{{sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|p=188}} and was originally titled ''Mele Aagaayam Kizhe Bhoomi''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 May 2022 |title=பொன் விழா ஆண்டில் உலகம் சுற்றும் வாலிபன் |url=https://www.dinamani.com/weekly-supplements/dinamani-kathir/2022/may/22/young-man-traveling-around-the-world-during-the-golden-jubilee-year-3848444.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524232855/https://www.dinamani.com/weekly-supplements/dinamani-kathir/2022/may/22/young-man-traveling-around-the-world-during-the-golden-jubilee-year-3848444.html |archive-date=24 May 2022 |access-date=25 May 2022 |website=[[Dinamani]] |language=ta}}</ref> It was co-produced by [[R. M. Veerappan]].<ref name="BftP" /> [[J. Jayalalithaa]], in an interview with the media, said that Ramachandran owed his popularity to her; irked by this, Ramachandran fired her from ''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban'', and replaced her with [[Manjula Vijayakumar|Manjula]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ram |first=Arun |date=19 October 2010 |title=Jayalalithaa: Her hero's rival |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/chennaitalkies/jayalalithaa-her-hero-s-rival/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115175102/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/chennaitalkies/jayalalithaa-her-hero-s-rival/ |archive-date=15 January 2021 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Filming began in 1970.<ref name="sangam">{{Cite web |last=Sri Kantha |first=Sachi |author-link=Sachi Sri Kantha |date=17 March 2020 |title=MGR Remembered – Part 55 {{!}} Ulagam Suttru Vaaliban [The Globe Trotting Youth] |url=https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-55/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610235118/https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-55/ |archive-date=10 June 2021 |access-date=14 September 2021 |website=[[Ilankai Tamil Sangam]]}}</ref> The climax scene was shot at [[Expo '70]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shekar |first=Anjana |date=21 February 2021 |title='Germaniyin senthen malare' to 'Kadhala kadhala': Around the world in 8 Tamil songs |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/germaniyin-senthen-malare-kadhala-kadhala-around-world-8-tamil-songs-143894 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309203802/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/germaniyin-senthen-malare-kadhala-kadhala-around-world-8-tamil-songs-143894 |archive-date=9 March 2021 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref> Ramachandran's brother [[M. G. Chakrapani]] <!-- as the narrator in the credits of opening -->served as production consultant.<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Ulagam Sutrum Valiban |type=motion picture |language=ta |publisher=Emgeeyaar Pictures |year=1973 |time=6:40 |time-caption=Opening credits, at}}</ref>


The first choice of MGR for the soundtrack was [[Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan]], the [[Indian classical music]] violinist.
== Soundtrack ==
 
The soundtrack was composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ulagam Sutrum Vaaliban (1973) |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/album/T0000177.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140509090922/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/album/T0000177.html |archive-date=9 May 2014 |access-date=7 June 2014 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ulagam Sutrum Valiban Tamil film LP vinyl Record by M.S. Viswanathan |url=https://mossymart.com/product/ulagam-sutrum-valiban-tamil-film-lp-vinyl-record-by-m-s-viswanathan/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906042025/https://mossymart.com/product/ulagam-sutrum-valiban-tamil-film-lp-vinyl-record-by-m-s-viswanathan/ |archive-date=6 September 2021 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Mossymart}}</ref> The first choice of Ramachandran for the soundtrack was [[Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2019 |title=அன்பு நடமாடும் கலைக்கூடமே... என்றென்றும் கண்ணதாசன் (6) |url=http://www.dailythanthi.com/News/Sirappukatturaigal/2019/05/17134304/Love-is-a-walking-ballroom.vpf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527103743/https://www.dailythanthi.com/News/Sirappukatturaigal/2019/05/17134304/Love-is-a-walking-ballroom.vpf |archive-date=27 May 2019 |access-date=5 September 2021 |website=[[Dina Thanthi]] |language=ta}}</ref> Two songs, "Aval Oru Navarasa" and "Nilavu Oru", were originally intended for a shelved film of Ramachandran titled ''Inaindha Kaigal''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2016 |title=கலைமாமணி வாமனனின் 'நிழலல்ல நிஜம்'&nbsp;– 49 {{!}} வசந்தம் வரும்போது அதை வரவழைக்க முடியுமா? |url=http://www.dinamalarnellai.com/web/news/17822 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906040553/http://www.dinamalarnellai.com/web/news/17822 |archive-date=6 September 2021 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=[[Dinamalar]] |language=ta |location=Nellai}}</ref> The song "Aval Oru Navarasa" is set in [[Harikambhoji]] raga.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ஏழிசை எம்எஸ்வி {{!}} பயோகிராபி |url=https://cinema.dinamalar.com/msv/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626130400/https://cinema.dinamalar.com/msv/ |archive-date=26 June 2020 |access-date=7 July 2024 |website=[[Dinamalar]] |language=Ta}}</ref>
Although the big singer [[K. J. Yesudas]] lends for the first time his voice for [[MGR]], it is not the first movie of [[MGR]] for him.
 
Indeed, he was already on the soundtrack of another movie of [[MGR]], in 1966, ''[[Parakkum Paavai|PARAKKUM PAAVAI]]'' with the title " ''Sugam Yethilae...'' " accompanied by the famous dueo, [[T. M. Soundararajan]]-[[L. R. Eswari]]. He lent his voice to the actor [[J. P. Chandrababu]].
 
The film celebrated ''silver jubilee'' in 7 screens (Devi Paradise - 182 days, Agasthiya - 176 days in Chennai, Madurai- Meenakshi 217 days, Trichy - Palace 203 days, Kovai - Raja 175 days and in Sri Lanka - Capital - 203 days -Kottayam-200 days
 
This movie is the kick-off, in a way, for running in the nomination for the post of chief-minister of Tamil Nadu, India, for [[MGR]], under his own political persuasions, [[ADMK|Anna D.M.K.]].
 
[[Jayalalithaa]], in an interview with the media, said that Ramachandran owed his popularity to her; irked by this, Ramachandran fired her from ''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban'', and replaced her with Manjula.<ref>https://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/chennaitalkies/jayalalithaa-her-hero-s-rival/</ref> The climax scene was shot at [[Expo 70]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xm4dBQAAQBAJ&q=ulagam+sutrum+valiban&pg=PA91 |title=Solaris |last=Bould |first=Mark |publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education |year=2014 |page=91|isbn=9781844578078 }}</ref>
<!--  
Reception
Vikatan review: https://srimgr.wordpress.com/2008/09/06/movie-review-1973/ -->
 
==Soundtrack==
The music was composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/album/T0000177.html|title=Ulagam Sutrum Valiban Songs|access-date=7 June 2014|publisher=raaga}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length  
! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length
|-
|-
| 1 || "Aval Oru Navarasa" || [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] || [[Kannadasan]] || 03:32  
| "Aval Oru Navarasa" || [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] || [[Kannadasan]] || 03:32
|-
|-
| 2 || "Bansaayee" ([[ten thousand years]]) || [[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[L. R. Eswari]] || [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] || 04:44  
| "Bansaayee" ([[ten thousand years]]) || [[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[L. R. Eswari]] || [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] || 04:44
|-
|-
| 3 || "Lilly Malarukku" || T. M. Soundararajan, [[P. Susheela]] || Kannadasan || 05:20  
| "Lilly Malarukku" || T. M. Soundararajan, [[P. Susheela]] || Kannadasan || 05:20
|-
|-
| 4 || "Nilavu Oru" || T. M. Soundararajan || rowspan=2|Vaali || 04:22  
| "Nilavu Oru" || T. M. Soundararajan || rowspan=2|Vaali || 04:22
|-
|-
| 5 || "Oh My Darling" (''In the album'') || T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela ||  04:03  
| "Oh My Darling" (''In the album'') || T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela ||  04:03
|-
|-
| 6 || "Pachchaikili" || T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela || Kannadasan || 04:37  
| "Pachchaikili" || T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela || [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] || 04:37
|-
|-
| 7 || "Sirithu Vaazhavendum" || T. M. Soundararajan, chorus || [[Pulamaipithan]] || 04:29  
| "Sirithu Vaazhavendum" || T. M. Soundararajan, chorus || [[Pulamaipithan]] || 04:29
|-
|-
| 8 || "Thangath Thoniyile" || [[K. J. Yesudas]], P. Susheela || Vaali || 03:24  
| "Thangath Thoniyile" || [[K. J. Yesudas]], P. Susheela || Vaali || 03:24
|-
|-
| 9 || "Ulagam Ulagam" || T. M. Soundararajan, [[S. Janaki]] || Kannadasan || 03:39  
| "Ulagam Ulagam" || T. M. Soundararajan, [[S. Janaki]] || Kannadasan || 03:39
|-
|-
| 10 || "Namadhu Vetriyai Naalai" || [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]] || Pulavar Vedha || 02:57  
| "Namadhu Vetriyai Naalai" || [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]] || Pulavar Vedha || 02:57
|-
|-
| 11 || "Ninaikkum Pothu" (''In the album'') || P. Susheela || Vaali || 03:34  
| "Ninaikkum Pothu" (''In the album'') || P. Susheela || Vaali || 03:34
|-
|-
| 12 || "Chimasa"² (''Japanese song'') || Female singer and male singer || Unknown || 00:57  
| "Chimasa"² (''Japanese song'') || Female singer and male singer || Unknown || 00:57
|-
|-
| 13 || "Sayonara"² (''Japanese song'') || Male singer || Unknown || 02:58  
| "Sayonara"² (''Japanese song'') || Male singer || Unknown || 02:58
|-
|-
| 14 || Instrumental piece || Chorus || No lyrics || 04:46  
| Instrumental piece || Chorus || No lyrics || 04:46
|-
|-
| 15 || Instrumental piece || Chorus || No lyrics || 02:29  
| Instrumental piece || Chorus || No lyrics || 02:29
|-
|-
| 16 || Instrumental piece || Chorus || No lyrics ||
| Instrumental piece || Chorus || No lyrics ||
|}
|}


==Sequel==
== Release and reception ==
Ramachandran intended to make a sequel to this film titled ''Kizhakku Africavil Raju'', but the project never came to fruition when he was alive. An animated sequel with the same title was planned by [[Ishari K. Ganesh]] in the late 2010s, with a new script directed by M. Arulmoorthy. Despite signing on actresses such as [[Sayyeshaa]] and [[Akshara Gowda]] to star opposite a computer-generated Ramachandran, the film did not complete production.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/akshara-gowda-in-mgr-animation-film/articleshow/63986849.cms |title=Akshara Gowda in MGR animation film |date=1 May 2018 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref>
''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban'' was released on 11 May 1973.<ref name="sangam" /> The film was a major commercial success, and ran for over 250 days in theatres.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Selvaraj |first=N. |date=20 March 2017 |title=வெள்ளி விழா கண்ட தமிழ் திரைப்படங்கள் |trans-title=Tamil films that completed silver jubilees |url=http://puthu.thinnai.com/?p=34587 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170329085911/http://puthu.thinnai.com/?p=34587 |archive-date=29 March 2017 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Thinnai |language=Tamil}}</ref> ''[[Ananda Vikatan]]'' wrote Ramachandran had already produced great films like ''[[Nadodi Mannan]]'' and ''[[Adimai Penn]]'', but he surpassed them and rose to an unattainable height through this film; viewers could give as many kudos as they want to Ramachandran, who had achieved a great achievement that the Tamil film world could be proud of.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 1973 |title=உலகம் சுற்றும் வாலிபன் விமர்சனம் |url=https://www.vikatan.com/literature/arts/44047--2 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409063906/https://www.vikatan.com/literature/arts/44047--2 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |access-date=11 April 2023 |website=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta}}</ref><!-- subscription-free link: https://srimgr.wordpress.com/2008/09/06/movie-review-1973/ --> In 2005, [[Mohanlal]] listed ''Ulagam Sutrum Valiban'' in his list of top ten best Indian films of all time, stating "I was a kid when I first saw this Tamil film, and I simply loved it. It has all the ingredients needed to entertain people."<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2005 |title=India's Best Films: Mohanlal |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/jun/07list.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109191753/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/jun/07list.htm |archive-date=9 November 2022 |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref><!--Kalki review: https://web.archive.org/web/20221008111448/https://ibb.co/8rVrVZQ --> ''Navamani'' praised the acting, humour, cinematography, art, stunts and music and called it a must watch.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP372-6-22-1-37#?xywh=-84%2C2206%2C3798%2C2141&cv=3|pages=4|access-date=11 October 2025|work=Navamani|language=ta|title=உலகம் சுற்றும் வாலிபன்|date=16 May 1973|via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]}}</ref>
 
== Accolades ==
* Best Film (''Sirandha Thiraipadam'')
* Best Director ([[M. G. Ramachandran]]) (''Sirandha Iyakkunar'')
* Best Producer ([[M. G. Ramachandran]]), under his ''Emgiyaar Pictures Limited'' (''Sirandha Thayaripalar'')
* [[Filmfare Special Award&nbsp;– South|Filmfare Special Award for Excellent Production Values]]&nbsp;– [[M. G. Ramachandran]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LAcfAQAAMAAJ&q=ulagam+sutrum |title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who |publisher=[[The Times Group|Bennett, Coleman & Company]] |year=1974 |pages=155 |access-date=15 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906040618/https://books.google.com/books?id=LAcfAQAAMAAJ&q=ulagam+sutrum |archive-date=6 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
== Cancelled sequels ==
Ramachandran intended to make a sequel to this film titled ''Kizhakku Africavil Raju'', but the project never came to fruition when he was alive. An animated sequel with the same title was planned by [[Ishari K. Ganesh]] in the late 2010s, with a new script directed by M. Arulmoorthy. [[Sayyeshaa]] and [[Akshara Gowda]] were signed on to star opposite a computer-generated Ramachandran. Despite a trailer being launched, the film did not complete production.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 May 2018 |title=Akshara Gowda in MGR animation film |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/akshara-gowda-in-mgr-animation-film/articleshow/63986849.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723131445/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/akshara-gowda-in-mgr-animation-film/articleshow/63986849.cms |archive-date=23 July 2018 |access-date=4 May 2018 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=V |first=Sankaran |date=2022-02-16 |title=எம்ஜிஆர் நடித்து பாதியில் நின்று போன படங்கள் – ஓர் பார்வை |url=https://cinereporters.com/mgr-dropped-movies-in-tamil/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918044154/https://cinereporters.com/mgr-dropped-movies-in-tamil/ |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=CineReporters |language=Ta}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
<references>
 
<ref name="BftP">{{Cite news |last=Guy |first=Randor |author-link=Randor Guy |date=30 April 2016 |title=Blast from the Past: Ulagam Sutrum Vaaliban (1973) |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/ulagamsutrum-vaaliban1973/article8541302.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605084705/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/ulagamsutrum-vaaliban1973/article8541302.ece |archive-date=5 June 2017 |access-date=3 May 2016 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>


==External links==
</references>
* {{IMDb title|id=0259699|title=ULAGAM SUTRUM VALIBAN}}


[[Category:Foreign films shot in Thailand]]
== Bibliography ==
[[Category:Films shot in Singapore]]
* {{Cite book |last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish |author-link=Ashish Rajadhyaksha |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |author-link2=Paul Willemen |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] and [[Oxford University Press]] |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-563579-5 |orig-date=1994}}
 
== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}
 
{{M. G. Ramachandran}}
 
[[Category:1973 Indian films]]
[[Category:1973 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1973 films]]
[[Category:1973 films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Osaka]]
[[Category:1973 science fiction films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Malaysia]]
[[Category:Apocalyptic films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Central Bureau of Investigation in fiction]]
[[Category:Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan]]
[[Category:1970s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Tamil Nadu Police]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Tamil Nadu Police]]
[[Category:Films about brothers]]
[[Category:Films about energy]]
[[Category:Films about kidnapping in India]]
[[Category:Films about mental disorders]]
[[Category:Films about physicists]]
[[Category:Films about World War III]]
[[Category:Films about World War III]]
[[Category:Films set in Singapore]]
[[Category:Films directed by M. G. Ramachandran]]
[[Category:Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan]]
[[Category:Films set in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Films set in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Films set in Osaka]]
[[Category:Films set in Osaka]]
[[Category:1970s science fiction action films]]
[[Category:Films set in Singapore]]
[[Category:Foreign films shot in Japan]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Central Bureau of Investigation in fiction]]
[[Category:Films shot in Malaysia]]
[[Category:Indian science fiction action films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Osaka]]
[[Category:Indian post-apocalyptic films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Singapore]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Thailand]]
[[Category:Indian science fiction films]]
[[Category:Japan in non-Japanese culture]]
[[Category:Lightning]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language science fiction films]]

Latest revision as of 10:22, 4 March 2026


Ulagam Sutrum Valiban
Theatrical release poster
Directed byM. G. Ramachandran
Produced byM. G. Ramachandran
R. M. Veerappan
Story byR. M. Veerappan
S. K. T. Sami
Ve. Lakshmanan
StarringM. G. Ramachandran
Chandrakala
Manjula
Latha
Music byM. S. Viswanathan
CinematographyV. Ramamoorthy
Edited byM. Umanath
Production
company
Emgeeyaar Pictures
Release date
  • 11 May 1973 (1973-05-11)
Running time
178 minutes[1]
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Ulagam Sutrum Valiban (transl. Globetrotting Youngster) is a 1973 Indian Tamil-language science fiction film[2] directed and co-produced by M. G. Ramachandran. The film stars Ramachandran, Chandrakala, Manjula and Latha. It revolves around a scientist who discovers an energy harnessing formula, and seeks to keep his research from being abused by a rival scientist.

Ulagam Sutrum Valiban was released on 11 May 1973. It emerged as a major box office success, with a theatrical run lasting over 250 days. Ramachandran won the Filmfare Special Award for Excellent Production Values.

Plot[edit | edit source]

Murugan is an Indian scientist who has recently discovered how to store a part of the energy unleashed by lightning. He is assisted by Lilly who secretly spies for Bairavan. Murugan reports success of his research at a Hong Kong scientists' conference. He subsequently announces that he will not reveal his discovery, since the world is on the brink of World War III and his research may be used for destructive purposes. As scientists rebuke him Murugan decides to demonstrate. Murugan successfully demonstrates his experiment where a tree is shot down with a pill sized pellet and the surrounding is set ablaze, as a outcome of his research.

Greedy Bairavan offers $100 million and persuades him to sell the research to a foreign country(Deep State), which Murugan refuses. Despite the other scientists plea, Murugan burns the research papers in front of all scientists claiming that the research at this stage is destructive. Bairavan refuses to believe Murugan.

Murugan then departs with his girlfriend, Vimala, for a world tour. He discloses to Vimala that he only pretended to destroy the research notes, and has actually kept them in a safe place. He indeed had plans to use them, to ensure that his research was used for productive purposes. Bairavan, who has been following them, overhears this and plans to loot the research notes to sell it to deep state agents. While in Singapore, Bairavan shoots Murugan with a special gun that knocks him out. While Murugan falls from the tower Ru Yun T'a into a swimming pool, vimala faints after witnessing the act.

Sometime later, Raju, a CBCID officer and Murugan's younger brother from Tamil Nadu, India , arrives in Singapore in search of his brother. He finds Lilly who works in a club. They pair up and decide to find Murugan as his body was never recovered. On fine day, they meet a Markandeyan a waiter with kleptomania who gives clues about meeting Murugan in the hotel where he works, a few days ago. They team up and try to meet Vimala to find answers. Bairavan tricks Vimala in to believing that Raju tried to kill Murugan who is now a amnesiac. Vimala leaves with Bairavan where she finds Murugan has been taken into Bairavan's custody.

Raju, Markandeyan and Lilly get to know that research paper has been split into several parts and is in Japan with a Buddhist monk. The address to reach the monk is in Vimala's locket. Before leaving, Lilly reveals that Ratna a friend of Vimala now has the locket.

Ratna, a dancer in a hotel gets abused by her employer who forces her to striptease which she refuses. Raju fights and rescues her and pays her debts. She gets employed as his Personal secretary to repay Raju. Ratna's locket has address to reach another friend of Murugan named Robinson from Hong Kong in a time piece. Meanwhile Raju and Ratna fall in love and get married. While Bairavan's henchmen unsuccessful tries to steal the clock, Raju fends them off.

The next piece of address is with Somsoy, a fruit vendor in floating market, Bangkok,Thailand. In floating market, Raju, Markandeyan and Ratna gets chased by Bairavan's henchmen. Ratna suffers dizziness and upon doctor's insistence rests in hotel, Raju and Markandeyan finds Samsoy and his daughter Metta. Metta smitten by charms of Raju falls for him. Raju reveals he is married and consoles a disappointed Meeta that she is like a sister to him. Samsoy hands over a small statue that contains the next piece of address that directs to them to Kyoto, Japan.

Meanwhile, Bairavan attempts to assault Vimala as a shock treatment trail to . Murugan fights off Bairavan and secretly reveals to Vimala, that he is cured now. Bairavan who gets to know about the research notes, hires a martial artist to fetch it. Henchman now an imposter of Raju, learns the secret codes for the research notes are "Toshika, Kimoko, Mikayo, Nimona" but attacks and knocks down the monk. Raju arrives and find the henchman dressed up as the monk, who asks the meaning of these codes. Raju deciphers and get the case containing the research papers. Henchman attacks Raju but is unsuccessful.

Lilly escapes Vimala and Murugan from Bairavan's custody and asks them to go to "Expo 70" in Osaka. Lilly reveals that she has a crush on Raju to Vimala and wishes to marry him. Vimala unaware of Raju's marriage to her best friend Ratna, promises that she will give her life to make Raju marry Lilly. Lilly also dials Raju and says she had managed to escape Murugan and Vimala to expo but gets caught by Bairavan. They all travel to Expo. In ensuing chaos, Murugan gets caught by Bairavan and the doctor an accomplice of Bairavan tortures Murugan with a new device. However, Raju manages to save Murugan while Bairavan and the doctor kill each other in crossfire.

Finally all united, Raju is shown seemingly marrying Lilly as well. Raju, Lilly and Ratna move to East Africa on another expedition.

Cast[edit | edit source]

Male cast
Female cast

Production[edit | edit source]

Ulagam Sutrum Valiban is the second film directed by M. G. Ramachandran,[5] and was originally titled Mele Aagaayam Kizhe Bhoomi.[6] It was co-produced by R. M. Veerappan.[3] J. Jayalalithaa, in an interview with the media, said that Ramachandran owed his popularity to her; irked by this, Ramachandran fired her from Ulagam Sutrum Valiban, and replaced her with Manjula.[7] Filming began in 1970.[8] The climax scene was shot at Expo '70.[9] Ramachandran's brother M. G. Chakrapani served as production consultant.[10]

Soundtrack[edit | edit source]

The soundtrack was composed by M. S. Viswanathan.[11][12] The first choice of Ramachandran for the soundtrack was Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan.[13] Two songs, "Aval Oru Navarasa" and "Nilavu Oru", were originally intended for a shelved film of Ramachandran titled Inaindha Kaigal.[14] The song "Aval Oru Navarasa" is set in Harikambhoji raga.[15]

Song Singers Lyrics Length
"Aval Oru Navarasa" S. P. Balasubrahmanyam Kannadasan 03:32
"Bansaayee" (ten thousand years) T. M. Soundararajan, L. R. Eswari Vaali 04:44
"Lilly Malarukku" T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela Kannadasan 05:20
"Nilavu Oru" T. M. Soundararajan Vaali 04:22
"Oh My Darling" (In the album) T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela 04:03
"Pachchaikili" T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela Vaali 04:37
"Sirithu Vaazhavendum" T. M. Soundararajan, chorus Pulamaipithan 04:29
"Thangath Thoniyile" K. J. Yesudas, P. Susheela Vaali 03:24
"Ulagam Ulagam" T. M. Soundararajan, S. Janaki Kannadasan 03:39
"Namadhu Vetriyai Naalai" Seerkazhi Govindarajan Pulavar Vedha 02:57
"Ninaikkum Pothu" (In the album) P. Susheela Vaali 03:34
"Chimasa"² (Japanese song) Female singer and male singer Unknown 00:57
"Sayonara"² (Japanese song) Male singer Unknown 02:58
Instrumental piece Chorus No lyrics 04:46
Instrumental piece Chorus No lyrics 02:29
Instrumental piece Chorus No lyrics

Release and reception[edit | edit source]

Ulagam Sutrum Valiban was released on 11 May 1973.[8] The film was a major commercial success, and ran for over 250 days in theatres.[16] Ananda Vikatan wrote Ramachandran had already produced great films like Nadodi Mannan and Adimai Penn, but he surpassed them and rose to an unattainable height through this film; viewers could give as many kudos as they want to Ramachandran, who had achieved a great achievement that the Tamil film world could be proud of.[17] In 2005, Mohanlal listed Ulagam Sutrum Valiban in his list of top ten best Indian films of all time, stating "I was a kid when I first saw this Tamil film, and I simply loved it. It has all the ingredients needed to entertain people."[18] Navamani praised the acting, humour, cinematography, art, stunts and music and called it a must watch.[19]

Accolades[edit | edit source]

Cancelled sequels[edit | edit source]

Ramachandran intended to make a sequel to this film titled Kizhakku Africavil Raju, but the project never came to fruition when he was alive. An animated sequel with the same title was planned by Ishari K. Ganesh in the late 2010s, with a new script directed by M. Arulmoorthy. Sayyeshaa and Akshara Gowda were signed on to star opposite a computer-generated Ramachandran. Despite a trailer being launched, the film did not complete production.[21][22]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 419.
  2. ↑ "Tamil science fiction cinema and the cultural unconscious: a 'visionary' jungian reading of 7aum Arivu (2011) and 24 (2016)". Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems. 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Guy, Randor (30 April 2016). "Blast from the Past: Ulagam Sutrum Vaaliban (1973)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  4. ↑ Shekar, Anjana (19 October 2020). "Goundamani in Singapore, Yogi Babu in London: 7 hilarious Tamil scenes in foreign lands". The News Minute. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
  5. ↑ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 188.
  6. ↑ "பொன் விழா ஆண்டில் உலகம் சுற்றும் வாலிபன்". Dinamani (in தமிழ்). 22 May 2022. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  7. ↑ Ram, Arun (19 October 2010). "Jayalalithaa: Her hero's rival". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Sri Kantha, Sachi (17 March 2020). "MGR Remembered – Part 55 | Ulagam Suttru Vaaliban [The Globe Trotting Youth]". Ilankai Tamil Sangam. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  9. ↑ Shekar, Anjana (21 February 2021). "'Germaniyin senthen malare' to 'Kadhala kadhala': Around the world in 8 Tamil songs". The News Minute. Archived from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  10. ↑ Ulagam Sutrum Valiban (motion picture) (in தமிழ்). Emgeeyaar Pictures. 1973. Opening credits, at 6:40.
  11. ↑ "Ulagam Sutrum Vaaliban (1973)". Raaga.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
  12. ↑ "Ulagam Sutrum Valiban Tamil film LP vinyl Record by M.S. Viswanathan". Mossymart. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  13. ↑ "அன்பு நடமாடும் கலைக்கூடமே... என்றென்றும் கண்ணதாசன் (6)". Dina Thanthi (in தமிழ்). 17 May 2019. Archived from the original on 27 May 2019. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
  14. ↑ "கலைமாமணி வாமனனின் 'நிழலல்ல நிஜம்' – 49 | வசந்தம் வரும்போது அதை வரவழைக்க முடியுமா?". Dinamalar (in தமிழ்). Nellai. 8 November 2016. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  15. ↑ "ஏழிசை எம்எஸ்வி | பயோகிராபி". Dinamalar (in தமிழ்). Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  16. ↑ Selvaraj, N. (20 March 2017). "வெள்ளி விழா கண்ட தமிழ் திரைப்படங்கள்" [Tamil films that completed silver jubilees]. Thinnai (in Tamil). Retrieved 6 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  17. ↑ "உலகம் சுற்றும் வாலிபன் விமர்சனம்". Ananda Vikatan (in தமிழ்). 27 May 1973. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  18. ↑ "India's Best Films: Mohanlal". Rediff.com. 7 June 2005. Archived from the original on 9 November 2022. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
  19. ↑ "உலகம் சுற்றும் வாலிபன்". Navamani (in தமிழ்). 16 May 1973. p. 4. Retrieved 11 October 2025 – via Endangered Archives Programme.
  20. ↑ The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who. Bennett, Coleman & Company. 1974. p. 155. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
  21. ↑ "Akshara Gowda in MGR animation film". The Times of India. 1 May 2018. Archived from the original on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  22. ↑ V, Sankaran (16 February 2022). "எம்ஜிஆர் நடித்து பாதியில் நின்று போன படங்கள் – ஓர் பார்வை". CineReporters (in தமிழ்). Archived from the original on 18 September 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.

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