Outline of political science: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to political science}}
{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to political science}}
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The following [[Outline (list)|outline]] is provided as an overview of and topical guide to politics and political science:
The following [[Outline (list)|outline]] is provided as an overview of and topical guide to politics and political science:
{{Politics}}
{{Politics}}
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{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* [[Anarchist schools of thought]] hold that all forms of [[hierarchy]] and [[authority]] are illegitimate.
* [[Anarchist schools of thought]] hold that all forms of [[hierarchy]] and [[authority]] are illegitimate.
** [[Social anarchism]] views [[Individualism|individual freedom]] as interrelated with [[Mutual aid (organization theory)|mutual aid]].&lt;ref name="Suissa, Judith 2001"&gt;Suissa, Judith (2001). "Anarchism, Utopias and Philosophy of Education". ''Journal of Philosophy of Education'' 35 (4). pp. 627–646. {{doi|10.1111/1467-9752.00249}}.&lt;/ref&gt;  
** [[Social anarchism]] views [[Individualism|individual freedom]] as interrelated with [[Mutual aid (organization theory)|mutual aid]].<ref name="Suissa, Judith 2001">Suissa, Judith (2001). "Anarchism, Utopias and Philosophy of Education". ''Journal of Philosophy of Education'' 35 (4). pp. 627–646. {{doi|10.1111/1467-9752.00249}}.</ref>  
** [[Individualist anarchism]]  
** [[Individualist anarchism]]  
* [[Democratic theory]]
* [[Democratic theory]]
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*** [[Plurality-at-large voting]]
*** [[Plurality-at-large voting]]
*** [[General ticket]]
*** [[General ticket]]
** [[Proportional representation]] ensures that proportions of representation allocated in the elected body reflect their proportions of support among the [[Election|electorate]].&lt;ref name=JSM7&gt;{{cite book|last1=Mill|first1=John Stuart|author-link=John Stuart Mill|title=Considerations on Representative Government|chapter=Chapter VII, Of True and False Democracy; Representation of All, and Representation of the Majority only |chapter-url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/5669/5669-h/5669-h.htm#link2HCH0007 |year=1861 |publisher=Parker, Son, &amp; Bourn |location=London|title-link=Considerations on Representative Government}}&lt;/ref&gt; Often combined with [[multi-member district]]s to produce [[consensus democracy]].
** [[Proportional representation]] ensures that proportions of representation allocated in the elected body reflect their proportions of support among the [[Election|electorate]].<ref name=JSM7>{{cite book|last1=Mill|first1=John Stuart|author-link=John Stuart Mill|title=Considerations on Representative Government|chapter=Chapter VII, Of True and False Democracy; Representation of All, and Representation of the Majority only |chapter-url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/5669/5669-h/5669-h.htm#link2HCH0007 |year=1861 |publisher=Parker, Son, &amp; Bourn |location=London|title-link=Considerations on Representative Government}}</ref> Often combined with [[multi-member district]]s to produce [[consensus democracy]].
*** [[Party-list proportional representation]]
*** [[Party-list proportional representation]]
****[[Gallagher index|proportionality measure]]s
****[[Gallagher index|proportionality measure]]s
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*** [[Social conservatism]]
*** [[Social conservatism]]
*** [[Traditional conservatism]]
*** [[Traditional conservatism]]
** [[Far-right politics]], political ideas which are described as [[reactionary]], [[ultranationalism|ultranationalist]], [[chauvinism|chauvinistic]], [[xenophobia|xenophobic]] or [[racism|racist]].&lt;ref&gt;Carlisle, Rodney P., ed., ''The Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right, Volume 2: The Right'' (Thousand Oaks, California, United States; London, England; New Delhi, India: Sage Publications, 2005) p. 693.&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Far-right politics]], political ideas which are described as [[reactionary]], [[ultranationalism|ultranationalist]], [[chauvinism|chauvinistic]], [[xenophobia|xenophobic]] or [[racism|racist]].<ref>Carlisle, Rodney P., ed., ''The Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right, Volume 2: The Right'' (Thousand Oaks, California, United States; London, England; New Delhi, India: Sage Publications, 2005) p. 693.</ref>
*** [[Alt-right]]
*** [[Alt-right]]
*** [[Fascism]]
*** [[Fascism]]
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== {{Anchor|Politics by region}}Politics by continent ==
== {{Anchor|Politics by region}}Politics by continent ==
&lt;!-- This Anchor tag serves to provide a permanent target for incoming section links. Please do not remove it, nor modify it, except to add another appropriate anchor.  If you modify the section title, please anchor the old title. It is always best to anchor an old section header that has been changed so that links to it will not be broken. See [[Template:Anchor]] for details. This text is produced using {{subst:Anchor comment}} --&gt;
<!-- This Anchor tag serves to provide a permanent target for incoming section links. Please do not remove it, nor modify it, except to add another appropriate anchor.  If you modify the section title, please anchor the old title. It is always best to anchor an old section header that has been changed so that links to it will not be broken. See [[Template:Anchor]] for details. This text is produced using {{subst:Anchor comment}} -->
{{Africa in topic|Politics of}}
{{Africa in topic|Politics of}}
{{Asia in topic|Politics of}}
{{Asia in topic|Politics of}}
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* ''[[The Republic (Plato)|The Republic]]'' and ''[[Laws (dialogue)|Laws]]'' &amp;ndash; by [[Plato]] (427–347 BC)
* ''[[The Republic (Plato)|The Republic]]'' and ''[[Laws (dialogue)|Laws]]'' &amp;ndash; by [[Plato]] (427–347 BC)
* ''[[Politics (Aristotle)|The Politics]]'' and  ''[[Nicomachean Ethics]]'' &amp;ndash; [[Aristotle]] (384–322 BC)
* ''[[Politics (Aristotle)|The Politics]]'' and  ''[[Nicomachean Ethics]]'' &amp;ndash; [[Aristotle]] (384–322 BC)
* ''[[Arthashastra]]'' &amp;ndash; [[Chanakya|{{IAST|Chāṇakya}}]]&lt;ref&gt;Mabbett 1964 "References to the work in other Sanskrit literature attribute it variously to {{IAST|Viṣṇugupta}}, {{IAST|Cāṇakya}} and {{IAST|Kauṭilya}}. The same individual is meant in each case. The ''[[Panchatantra|Pańcatantra]]'' explicitly identifies [[Chanakya]] with {{IAST|Viṣṇugupta}}."&lt;/ref&gt; ({{Circa|350}}–283 BC)
* ''[[Arthashastra]]'' &amp;ndash; [[Chanakya|{{IAST|Chāṇakya}}]]<ref>Mabbett 1964 "References to the work in other Sanskrit literature attribute it variously to {{IAST|Viṣṇugupta}}, {{IAST|Cāṇakya}} and {{IAST|Kauṭilya}}. The same individual is meant in each case. The ''[[Panchatantra|Pańcatantra]]'' explicitly identifies [[Chanakya]] with {{IAST|Viṣṇugupta}}."</ref> ({{Circa|350}}–283 BC)
*  ''[[Meditations]]'' &amp;ndash; ''[[Marcus Aurelius|Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor 161–180 CE]]''
*  ''[[Meditations]]'' &amp;ndash; ''[[Marcus Aurelius|Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor 161–180 CE]]''
* ''[[The Prince]]'' &amp;ndash; by [[Niccolò Machiavelli]] (1469–1527)
* ''[[The Prince]]'' &amp;ndash; by [[Niccolò Machiavelli]] (1469–1527)
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== See also ==
== See also ==
{{Outline footer}}&lt;!-- Most of these topics need to be placed in the outline above --&gt;
{{Outline footer}}<!-- Most of these topics need to be placed in the outline above -->
{{Portal|Politics}}
{{Portal|Politics}}
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
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*Roskin, M.; Cord, R. L.; Medeiros, J. A.; Jones, W. S. (2007). ''Political Science: An Introduction''. 10th ed. New York: [[Pearson Prentice Hall]]. {{ISBN|978-0-13-242575-9}} (10). {{ISBN|978-0-13-242575-9}} (13).
*Roskin, M.; Cord, R. L.; Medeiros, J. A.; Jones, W. S. (2007). ''Political Science: An Introduction''. 10th ed. New York: [[Pearson Prentice Hall]]. {{ISBN|978-0-13-242575-9}} (10). {{ISBN|978-0-13-242575-9}} (13).
*Tausch, A.; Prager, F. (1993). ''Towards a Socio-Liberal Theory of World Development''. Basingstoke: Macmillan; New York: [[St. Martin's Press]].
*Tausch, A.; Prager, F. (1993). ''Towards a Socio-Liberal Theory of World Development''. Basingstoke: Macmillan; New York: [[St. Martin's Press]].
*''[[Oxford Handbooks of Political Science]]'' &amp;ndash; ten-volume set covering the political science topics [[political methodology]], [[public policy]], [[political theory]], [[political economy]], [[comparative politics]], contextual political analysis, [[international relations]], Law and Politics, [[Theories of political behavior|political behavior]], and [[political institutions]]. The general editor of the series is [[Robert E. Goodin]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Dryzek |first1=John S. |last2=Honig |first2=Bonnie |last3=Phillips |first3=Anne |date=27 Aug 2006 |title=Oxford Handbook of Political Theory |url=http://www.oup.com.au/titles/higher_ed/social_science/politics/9780199270033 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305042142/http://www.oup.com.au/titles/higher_ed/social_science/politics/9780199270033 |archive-date=Mar 5, 2016 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199270033}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=The Oxford Handbook of Political Theory|first=Mary|last=Walsh|date=1 May 2008|journal=Contemporary Political Theory|volume=7|issue=2|pages=232–234|doi=10.1057/cpt.2008.2|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*''[[Oxford Handbooks of Political Science]]'' &amp;ndash; ten-volume set covering the political science topics [[political methodology]], [[public policy]], [[political theory]], [[political economy]], [[comparative politics]], contextual political analysis, [[international relations]], Law and Politics, [[Theories of political behavior|political behavior]], and [[political institutions]]. The general editor of the series is [[Robert E. Goodin]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Dryzek |first1=John S. |last2=Honig |first2=Bonnie |last3=Phillips |first3=Anne |date=27 Aug 2006 |title=Oxford Handbook of Political Theory |url=http://www.oup.com.au/titles/higher_ed/social_science/politics/9780199270033 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305042142/http://www.oup.com.au/titles/higher_ed/social_science/politics/9780199270033 |archive-date=Mar 5, 2016 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199270033}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=The Oxford Handbook of Political Theory|first=Mary|last=Walsh|date=1 May 2008|journal=Contemporary Political Theory|volume=7|issue=2|pages=232–234|doi=10.1057/cpt.2008.2|doi-access=free}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 11:23, 22 March 2026


The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to politics and political science:

Part of the Politics series
Politics
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Politics &ndash; the exercise of power; process by which groups of people make collective decisions. Politics is the art or science of running governmental or state affairs (including behavior within civil governments), institutions, fields, and special interest groups such as the corporate, academic, and religious segments of society.

Political science &ndash; the field concerning the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior.

Fields of study of political science[edit | edit source]

Related disciplines[edit | edit source]

Political theory[edit | edit source]

Main article: Political theory

Decision-making[edit | edit source]

Election[edit | edit source]

Order of succession[edit | edit source]

Sortition[edit | edit source]

Political institutions[edit | edit source]

Institutions are often the framework within which politics happens. Pictured is the Supreme Court of the United States.

Government[edit | edit source]

Branches of government[edit | edit source]

The separation of powers is typically set in the constitution or basic law in order to achieve checks and balances within government. The typical model has three branches, and is referred to as the trias politica.

Political parties, and their number, are important aspects of representative systems. The number of political parties in the Hellenic Parliament of Greece has varied across time.

Political parties[edit | edit source]

Political behavior[edit | edit source]

Theories of political behaviour[edit | edit source]

Political strategy[edit | edit source]

See also: Political warfare

Voting behavior[edit | edit source]

Political dysfunction[edit | edit source]

Types of polities and forms of government[edit | edit source]

Main article: List of forms of government
See also: Polity

By level of social organisation[edit | edit source]

By formal power structure[edit | edit source]

By source of power[edit | edit source]

Political ideologies and philosophies[edit | edit source]

Main article: List of political ideologies

Governments of the world[edit | edit source]

Template:Government of Europe

Political issues and policies[edit | edit source]

Rights[edit | edit source]

Economic policy[edit | edit source]

Foreign and security policy[edit | edit source]

Social policy[edit | edit source]

Politics by continent[edit | edit source]

Template:Politics of Europe

Foreign relations by continents[edit | edit source]

Template:Foreign relations of Europe

Political parties by continent[edit | edit source]

Template:List of political parties in Europe

History of politics[edit | edit source]

Political scholars[edit | edit source]

Influential literature[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

Template:Outline footer

Further reading[edit | edit source]

  • Roskin, M.; Cord, R. L.; Medeiros, J. A.; Jones, W. S. (2007). Political Science: An Introduction. 10th ed. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-242575-9 (10). ISBN 978-0-13-242575-9 (13).
  • Tausch, A.; Prager, F. (1993). Towards a Socio-Liberal Theory of World Development. Basingstoke: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Oxford Handbooks of Political Science &ndash; ten-volume set covering the political science topics political methodology, public policy, political theory, political economy, comparative politics, contextual political analysis, international relations, Law and Politics, political behavior, and political institutions. The general editor of the series is Robert E. Goodin.[5][6]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Suissa, Judith (2001). "Anarchism, Utopias and Philosophy of Education". Journal of Philosophy of Education 35 (4). pp. 627–646. doi:10.1111/1467-9752.00249.
  2. ↑ Mill, John Stuart (1861). "Chapter VII, Of True and False Democracy; Representation of All, and Representation of the Majority only". Considerations on Representative Government. London: Parker, Son, & Bourn.
  3. ↑ Carlisle, Rodney P., ed., The Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right, Volume 2: The Right (Thousand Oaks, California, United States; London, England; New Delhi, India: Sage Publications, 2005) p. 693.
  4. ↑ Mabbett 1964 "References to the work in other Sanskrit literature attribute it variously to Viṣṇugupta, Cāṇakya and Kauṭilya. The same individual is meant in each case. The Pańcatantra explicitly identifies Chanakya with Viṣṇugupta."
  5. ↑ Dryzek, John S.; Honig, Bonnie; Phillips, Anne (27 Aug 2006). Oxford Handbook of Political Theory. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199270033. Archived from the original on Mar 5, 2016.
  6. ↑ Walsh, Mary (1 May 2008). "The Oxford Handbook of Political Theory". Contemporary Political Theory. 7 (2): 232–234. doi:10.1057/cpt.2008.2.

External links[edit | edit source]

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