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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{short description|State anthem of the Kingdom of Mysore}}
{{Infobox anthem
| title        = {{lang|bn|italic=no|Kāyou Shri Gowr}}
| english_title = "O Goddess [[Parvati|Gowrī]] ([[Parvati]])"
| image        =
| caption      =
| prefix        =State
| country      =[[Kingdom of Mysore]] (1399–1948) and [[Mysore State]] (1947–1958)
| author        = Basavappa Shastry
| composer      = Basavappa Shastry
| lyrics_date  = 1831
| music_date    = 1831
| adopted      = 1831
| sound        =
| sound_title  =
| until ={{start date and years ago|1950|df=y|p=y}}
| successor      =[[Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate]]
}}


'''Kayo Shri Gowri'''(ಕಾಯೋ ಶ್ರೀ ಗೌರಿ) was the official anthem of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]], under the rule of the [[Wadiyar dynasty]]. The song was composed by Basavappa Shastry (1843-1891), the court poet of the Mysore Court under the rule of Maharaja [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X|Chamaraja Wodeyar]], who reigned between 1868 and 1894.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cbkwgl.wordpress.com/2015/08/30/kayo-shri-gowri-mysore-state-anthem/|title=Kayou Shri Gowri Anthem|date=30 Aug 2015}}</ref>
'''Kāyou  Shri Gowrī''' ([[Kannada]]: ಕಾಯೌ ಶ್ರೀ ಗೌರಿ) was the official state anthem of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]], under the rule of the [[Wadiyar dynasty]]. The anthem was composed by Basavappa Shastry (1843–1891), the court poet of the Mysore Court under the rule of Maharaja [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X]], who reigned between 1868 and 1894.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://cbkwgl.wordpress.com/2015/08/30/kayo-shri-gowri-mysore-state-anthem/|title=Kayou Shri Gowri Anthem|date=30 Aug 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==History==
==History==
In 1831, the princely state of Mysore was taken under British rule on pretext of maladministration. In 1881, after much deliberation, it was decided that the state would be given back to the [[Wadiyar dynasty|Wodeyars]]. The princely state of Mysore was reconstituted and restored to Maharaja [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X|Chamaraja Wodeyar]] by the "Rendition of 1881". To commemorate this occasion, Maharaja Chamaraja Wodeyar asked Basavappa Shastry, the court poet of Mysore durbar, to compose a state anthem.
In 1831, the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] was taken over by the [[British Raj]]. The king, [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X]] ordered Basavappa Shastry, the court poet, to compose an anthem for the state.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/independence-day-modi-marched-song-freedom-mysore-26168 |publisher=[[The News Minute]] |accessdate=30 September 2022 |title=On Independence Day, Modi Marched To A Song of Freedom From Mysore |date=15 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Lyrics==
A favourite of the Maharaja, the anthem was played when [[Rabindranath Tagore]] visited [[Bengaluru]] in 1919 to deliver his speech on the “Message of the Forests.” He had come to the city at the invitation of [[Albion Rajkumar Banerjee|Albion Bannerjee]] who was the first counsellor under the Royal Diwan, [[M. Kantaraj Urs]].  It is believed, Tagore's song “Anondo Loke” was heavily inspired by “Kayou Shri Gowri”.


===Lyrics of the Mysore State Anthem in [[Kannada]]===
The anthem is still in use today, by the erstwhile royal family of Mysore, led by Maharaja [[Yaduveer Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar]]. It is mostly played at the [[Mysore Palace]], when the king attends a festival or procession. It is also used and saluted by the Maharaja during the [[Mysore Dasara]] festival.


<div>{{poemquote|
==Lyrics==
The anthem propitiates the Hindu goddess [[Chamundeshwari]], the royal deity of Mysuru, whose [[Chamundeshwari Temple|temple]] is on the [[Chamundi Hills]]. It calls upon the goddess to protect and bless the kingdom.


ಕಾಯೌ ಶ್ರೀ ಗೌರಿ ಕರುಣಾಲಹರಿ <br>
{| class="wikitable"
!Kannada script
!Latin transliteration&lt;br /&gt;([[ISO 15919]])
!English translation
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|{{lang|ka|&lt;poem&gt;ಕಾಯೌ ಶ್ರೀ ಗೌರಿ ಕರುಣಾಲಹರಿ  
ತೋಯಜಾಕ್ಷಿ ಶಂಕರೀಶ್ವರಿ
ತೋಯಜಾಕ್ಷಿ ಶಂಕರೀಶ್ವರಿ


೧. ವೈಮಾನಿಕ ಭಾಮಾರ್ಚಿತ ಕೋಮಲಕರ ಪಾದೇ<br>
ವೈಮಾನಿಕ ಭಾಮಾರ್ಚಿತ ಕೋಮಲಕರ ಪಾದೇ
ಶ್ರೀಮಾನ್ವಿತ ಭೂಮಾಸ್ಪದೆ ಕಾಮಿತ ಫಲದೇ
ಶ್ರೀಮಾನ್ವಿತ ಭೂಮಾಸ್ಪದೆ ಕಾಮಿತ ಫಲದೇ


೨. ಶುಂಭಾದಿಮ ದಾಂಭೋನಿಧಿ ಕುಂಭಜ ನಿಭ ದೇವೀ<br>
ಶುಂಭಾದಿಮ ದಾಂಭೋನಿಧಿ ಕುಂಭಜ ನಿಭ ದೇವೀ
ಜಂಭಾಹಿತ ಸಂಭಾವಿತೆ ಶಾಂಭವಿ ಶುಭವೀ
ಜಂಭಾಹಿತ ಸಂಭಾವಿತೆ ಶಾಂಭವಿ ಶುಭವೀ


೩. ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮುಂಡಿಕೆ ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮೆಂದ್ರ<br>
ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮುಂಡಿಕೆ ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮೆಂದ್ರ
ನಾಮಾಂಕಿತ ಭೂಮೀಂದ್ರ ಲಲಾಮನ ಮುದದೇ
ನಾಮಾಂಕಿತ ಭೂಮೀಂದ್ರ ಲಲಾಮನ ಮುದದೇ&lt;/poem&gt;}}
}}
|&lt;poem&gt;kāyou śrī gowrī, karunṇā laharī,
</div>
tōyajākṣi, śankarīśvarī
 
===Romanised transliteration of the lyrics of the Mysore State Anthem===
 
<div>{{poemquote|
 
Kayou Sri Gowri, Karuna lahari,<br>
Thoya Jakshi, Shankareeshwari


1. Vaimanika Bhamarchitha Komalakara Padhe<br>
vaimānika bhāmārćita komalakara pādē
Shreemanvitha Bhoomaspade Kamitha Phaladhe
śrīmānvita bhūmāspade kāmita phaladē


2. Shumbadima Dhambhonidhi kumbaja nibha devi<br>
śumbhādima dāmbhōnidhi kumbhaja nibha dēvī
Jambhahitha Sambhavithe Shambhavi shubhavee
jambhāhita sambhāvite śāmbhavi śubhavī


3. Sri jaya chamundike Sri Jayachamendra<br>
śrī jaya ćāmuṇḍike śrī jaya ćāmendrā
Namankitha Bhomeendra Lalamana Mudade
nāmāṅkita bhūmendra lalāmana mudadē&lt;/poem&gt;
|&lt;poem&gt;O Great Goddess [[Parvati|Gowri]], thou lotus eyed Goddess benign,
Pour forth on our king thy blessings divine.


}}
Thou lady celestial, of the loveliest grace,
</div>
Upholding all being unbounded as space.


===Literal Meaning in English===
As [[Indra]] to the demons, [[Agastya]] to the sea, Thou makes all powers of evil to flee.
All good that men seek is by thy hand outpoured, The consort co-equal of Shambho ([[Shiva]]), thy Lord.


Great [[Gowri]], thou lotus eyed Goddess benign,<br>
O victorious [[Chamundi|Chamundeshwari]], dark visaged lady divine,
Pour forth on our Raja thy blessings divine. <br>
Watch over Thy namesake of the victorious King [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X|Chamarajendra]]'s lineage.
Thou lady celestial, of the loveliest grace, <br>
&lt;/poem&gt;
Upholding all being -unbounded as space. <br>
|}
As [[Indra]] to the demons - [[Agasthya]] to the sea- Thou makest all powers of evil to flee. <br>
All good that men seek is by thy hand outpoured,<br>
The consort co-equal of Sambhu, thy Lord. <br>
O [[Chamundeshwari Temple|Chamundi]], dark visaged lady divine,<br>
Watch over Thy namesake of chamendra's line.
 
==Modifications to the song==
 
===Mysore State Anthem; during Maharaja Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV===
 
'''During the lifetime of Late H.H. [[Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV|Maharaja Krishna Raja Wadiyar]] IV {1895 (Regency of His mother)-1902-1940}, the third stanza was modified as under:'''
 
ಶ್ಯಾಮಾಲಿಕೆ ಚಾಮುಂಡಿಕೆ ಸೊಮಕುಲಜ ಕೃಷ್ಣ
 
ನಾಮಾಂಕಿತ ಭೂಮೀಂದ್ರ ಲಲಾಮನ ಮುದದೇ ||೩||
 
Shyamalike Chamundike Somakulaja Krishna
 
Namamkita Bhumindra Lalamana Mudade ||3||
 
=== Mysore State Anthem; during [[Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar|Maharaja Jaya Chama Raja Wadiyar]] ===
 
During the rule of the last King, Late HH, Sri. Jaya Chama Raja Wadiyar (1940-1950), the last charana was further modified and was set to music in Raga: shaMkarAbharaNa in trishrajAti Eka tALa, by the famous maestro Late Vainika Praveena V. Venkatagriyappa
 
ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮುಂಡಿಕೆ ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮೇಂದ್ರ
 
ನಾಮಾಂಕಿತ ಭುಮೀಂದ್ರ ಲಲಾಮನ ಮುದದೆ |೩|
 
Sri jaya jamundike Sri Jayachamendra
 
Namankitha Bhomeendra Lalamana Mudade |3|
 
MP3 format https://soundcloud.com/namma-kannada-naadu/mysore-state-anthem
 
=== Mysore State Anthem; during Maharaja Sri [[Yaduveer Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar]] ===
 
During the rule of the current King, H.H. [[Yaduveer Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar]], the last charana was further modified as follows. Sangita Vidwan Dr. R.S.Nandakumar visualised this concept and directed its performance for the first time in our recent history. Sri Nandakumar has composed the song.
 
ಯದುವೀರಶ್ರೀಕೃಷ್ಣದತ್ತ ಚಾಮೇಂದ್ರನೃಪನ;
 
ಮಹಿಶೂರ ಸಿರಿಪುರದ ಲಲಾಮನ ಮುದದೇ. |೩|
 
Yaduvīraśrīkr̥ṣṇadatta cāmēndranr̥pana;
 
mahiśūra siripurada lalāmana mudadē. |3|


== Music ==
== Music ==
The prayer is set in Raag Dheerashankarabharanam (Carnatic) and Bilawal (Hindustani). The western chords are in C major ([[Ionian mode]]). The song gained immense popularity and for a while was sung by school children across the state as their morning prayer.
The anthem is set in Raga [[Kalyani (raga)|Kalyani]] (Carnatic) and [[Yaman (raga)|Yaman]] (Hindustani). The western chords are in [[C major]] ([[Ionian mode]]). The anthem gained immense popularity and for a while was sung by school children across the state as their morning prayer.
 
== Historical notes ==
A favourite of the Maharaja, the anthem was played when Gurudev [[Rabindranath Tagore]] visited Bangalore in 1919 to deliver his speech on the “Message of the Forests.” He had come to the city at the invitation of Sir [[Albion Rajkumar Banerjee|Albion Bannerjee]] who was first counsellor under Diwan [[M. Kantaraj Urs|Sir. M. Kantharaj Urs]].  Legend has it that Tagore's “Anondo Loke…” which is a very popular number was heavily inspired by “Kayo Sri Gowri…”  Here is the Mysore National Anthem of the erstwhile state of Mysore ...and here is Anondo Loke Both invoke the spirit of freedom


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
https://www.thenewsminute.com/lives/173


[[Category:Kingdom of Mysore]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Mysore]]
[[Category:Historical national anthems]]

Revision as of 18:55, 9 October 2024

Kāyou Shri Gowr
English: "O Goddess Gowrī (Parvati)"
State anthem of Kingdom of Mysore (1399–1948) and Mysore State (1947–1958)
LyricsBasavappa Shastry, 1831
MusicBasavappa Shastry, 1831
Adopted1831
Relinquished1950 (76 years ago) (1950)
Succeeded byJaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate

Kāyou Shri Gowrī (Kannada: ಕಾಯೌ ಶ್ರೀ ಗೌರಿ) was the official state anthem of the Kingdom of Mysore, under the rule of the Wadiyar dynasty. The anthem was composed by Basavappa Shastry (1843–1891), the court poet of the Mysore Court under the rule of Maharaja Chamarajendra Wadiyar X, who reigned between 1868 and 1894.<ref>"Kayou Shri Gowri Anthem". 30 August 2015.</ref>

History

In 1831, the Kingdom of Mysore was taken over by the British Raj. The king, Chamarajendra Wadiyar X ordered Basavappa Shastry, the court poet, to compose an anthem for the state.<ref>"On Independence Day, Modi Marched To A Song of Freedom From Mysore". The News Minute. 15 August 2014. Retrieved 30 September 2022.</ref>

A favourite of the Maharaja, the anthem was played when Rabindranath Tagore visited Bengaluru in 1919 to deliver his speech on the “Message of the Forests.” He had come to the city at the invitation of Albion Bannerjee who was the first counsellor under the Royal Diwan, M. Kantaraj Urs. It is believed, Tagore's song “Anondo Loke” was heavily inspired by “Kayou Shri Gowri”.

The anthem is still in use today, by the erstwhile royal family of Mysore, led by Maharaja Yaduveer Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar. It is mostly played at the Mysore Palace, when the king attends a festival or procession. It is also used and saluted by the Maharaja during the Mysore Dasara festival.

Lyrics

The anthem propitiates the Hindu goddess Chamundeshwari, the royal deity of Mysuru, whose temple is on the Chamundi Hills. It calls upon the goddess to protect and bless the kingdom.

Kannada script Latin transliteration<br />(ISO 15919) English translation

<poem>ಕಾಯೌ ಶ್ರೀ ಗೌರಿ ಕರುಣಾಲಹರಿ ತೋಯಜಾಕ್ಷಿ ಶಂಕರೀಶ್ವರಿ

ವೈಮಾನಿಕ ಭಾಮಾರ್ಚಿತ ಕೋಮಲಕರ ಪಾದೇ ಶ್ರೀಮಾನ್ವಿತ ಭೂಮಾಸ್ಪದೆ ಕಾಮಿತ ಫಲದೇ

ಶುಂಭಾದಿಮ ದಾಂಭೋನಿಧಿ ಕುಂಭಜ ನಿಭ ದೇವೀ ಜಂಭಾಹಿತ ಸಂಭಾವಿತೆ ಶಾಂಭವಿ ಶುಭವೀ

ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮುಂಡಿಕೆ ಶ್ರೀ ಜಯಚಾಮೆಂದ್ರ ನಾಮಾಂಕಿತ ಭೂಮೀಂದ್ರ ಲಲಾಮನ ಮುದದೇ</poem>

 <poem>kāyou śrī gowrī, karunṇā laharī,

tōyajākṣi, śankarīśvarī

vaimānika bhāmārćita komalakara pādē śrīmānvita bhūmāspade kāmita phaladē

śumbhādima dāmbhōnidhi kumbhaja nibha dēvī jambhāhita sambhāvite śāmbhavi śubhavī

śrī jaya ćāmuṇḍike śrī jaya ćāmendrā nāmāṅkita bhūmendra lalāmana mudadē</poem>

<poem>O Great Goddess Gowri, thou lotus eyed Goddess benign,

Pour forth on our king thy blessings divine.

Thou lady celestial, of the loveliest grace, Upholding all being unbounded as space.

As Indra to the demons, Agastya to the sea, Thou makes all powers of evil to flee. All good that men seek is by thy hand outpoured, The consort co-equal of Shambho (Shiva), thy Lord.

O victorious Chamundeshwari, dark visaged lady divine, Watch over Thy namesake of the victorious King Chamarajendra's lineage. </poem>

Music

The anthem is set in Raga Kalyani (Carnatic) and Yaman (Hindustani). The western chords are in C major (Ionian mode). The anthem gained immense popularity and for a while was sung by school children across the state as their morning prayer.

References

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