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| {{short description|Ahir clan}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Ahir clans#Majhraut]] |
| {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
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| {{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}} | | {{Redirect category shell| |
| The '''Majhraut'''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mishra |first=Shiva Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0iWcAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Majhraut%22+-wikipedia |title=Educational Ideas and Institutions in Ancient India: From the Earliest Times to 1206 A.D. with Special Reference to Mithilā |date=1998 |publisher=Ramanand Vidya Bhawan |isbn=978-81-85205-71-7 |language=en}}</ref> or '''Majraut'''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rwgsAAAAMAAJ&q=majraut+ahir|title=The National Geographical Journal of India|date=1975|publisher=National Geographical Society of India.|language=en}}</ref> is a clan of Yaduvanshi Ahir that inhabits the [[India]]n state of [[Bihar]] and [[Jharkhand]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bihar (India) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uCZuAAAAMAAJ&q=Majhraut |title=Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur |last2=Choudhury |first2=Pranab Chandra Roy |date=1957 |publisher=Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Rana P. B.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=py-UTg8GaJIC&q=majraut+ahir|title=Clan Settlements in the Saran Plain (Middle Ganga Valley): A Study in Cultural Geography|date=1977|publisher=National Geographical Society of India, Banaras Hindu University|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Bihar (India)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WyduAAAAMAAJ&q=majraut+ahir|title=Bihar District Gazetteers: Hazaribagh|last2=Choudhury|first2=Pranab Chandra Roy|date=1962|publisher=Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Siddiqui |first=M. K. A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fMHkAAAAMAAJ |title=Inter-caste and Inter-community Relationship: Developing Patterns |date=1993 |publisher=Commonwealth Publishers |isbn=978-81-7169-260-6 |language=en}}</ref> They are also found in different parts of Nepal.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Śreshṭha |first=Īśvara Govinda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YchFAQAAIAAJ&q=%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F+%E0%A4%98%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8 |title=Rājavaṃśī |date=1990 |publisher=Jamunā Śreshṭha Jośī |language=ne}}</ref> They are believed to be descended from the Yadav king Madhu who ruled Mathura.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jhā |first=Vikāsa Kumāra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w3BuAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%9F |title=Bihāra rājaniti kā aparādhikaraṇa |date=1992 |publisher=Sr̥shṭī Prakāśana |language=hi}}</ref>
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| {{infobox caste
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| | caste_name = Majhraut Ahir
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| | image =
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| | caption =
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| | varna = Kshatriya
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| | jati = [[Ahir]] ([[Yadav]])
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| | religions = [[Hinduism]]
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| | languages = [[Angika]], [[Bajjika]], [[Bhojpuri]], [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Magadhi]]
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| | country = [[India]], [[Nepal]]
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| | state = [[Bihar]]
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| | populated_states = [[Bihar]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Uttarpradesh]]
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| | region =
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| | related = [[Krishnaut]], [[Dhadhor]]
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| | ethnicity = [[Biharis|Bihari]]
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| | India_migration =
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| | population =
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| | victory_weapon =
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| | endogamous =
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| | notable_members =
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| | other_reservation =
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| | original_kingdom =
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| | footnotes =
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| }} | | }} |
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| Like [[Krishnaut]] even Majhraut Ahirs never sold either milk, ghee or butter and have, to a large extent, were cultivators.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Crooke |first=William |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DQUPAAAAQAAJ&dq=ahir+behar&pg=PA130 |title=Natives of northern India. (Native races of the Brit. empire). |date=1907 |publisher=A. Constable, Limited |language=en}}</ref> Some of them were landlords of large estates.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pratap |first=Ajay |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWoMAQAAMAAJ&q=ahir+munger |title=Indigenous Archaeology in India: Prospects for an Archaeology of the Subaltern |date=2009 |publisher=Archaeopress |isbn=978-1-4073-0409-0 |language=en}}</ref>
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| ==Origin and History==
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| The [[Yadav]]s who migrated from [[Mathura]] ([[Braj]]) to [[Bihar]] and its surrounding areas came to be known as Mathraut or Majrauth.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sinhā |first=Mīnākshī |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zx4bAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B5 |title=Mithilā ke Yādava |date=1993 |publisher=Mahārājā Lakshmīśvara Siṃha Risarca Sosāiṭī |language=hi}}</ref>
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| ===List of Rulers and Chieftain===
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| In [[Bihar]] and [[Jharkhand]] there were many rulers and zamindars belonging to [[Ahir]] (Yadav) caste.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Barik |first=Radhakanta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGNuAAAAMAAJ&q=Militia+Kurmi |title=Land and Caste Politics in Bihar |date=2006 |publisher=Shipra Publications |isbn=978-81-7541-305-4 |language=en}}</ref> During British Raj, the Ahir zamindars were predominantly found in northern and eastern parts of Bihar. Most of them belonged to [[Krishnaut]] and Majhraut clans of Ahir<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mt9G1e6JF-QC&q=eastern+Bihar+landholders |title=People of India: India's communities |date=1992 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-85579-09-2 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fDUjw2kFwvIC&q=%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B5 |title=Bihar men samajik parivartan ke kuchh ayam |date=2001 |publisher=Vani Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7055-755-5 |language=hi}}</ref>
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| *Rulers of [[Varman Dynasty (Bengal)|Varman dynasty]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Caudharī |first=Abhayakānta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2qbRAAAAMAAJ |title=Aṅgikā sāhitya kā itihāsa |date=1977 |publisher=Śekhara Prakāśana |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=R. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=94YL686RG8IC&q=jatavarman+anga |title=A Comprehensive History of India: A.D. 985-1206 |date=1992 |publisher=People's Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7007-121-1 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *Ahir Chieftain of [[Murho Estate]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Department |first=Bengal (India) Revenue |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n6s-AQAAMAAJ&q=murho+estate |title=Report on the Administration of the Wards, Attached and Trust Estates |date=1909 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A village that symbolises Bihar |url=https://www.rediff.com/election/2005/feb/11spec2.htm |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=www.rediff.com}}</ref>
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| *Zamindar of Ranipatti Estate.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jha |first=Shashi Shekhar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AVTMNbEDp8EC&q=ranipatti+ |title=Political Elite in Bihar |date=1972 |publisher=Vora |isbn=9780842603652 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *Landlords of Khurda Karveli.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Santosh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SVu8CgAAQBAJ&dq=madhepura+yadav+landlord&pg=PT147 |title=Ruled or Misruled: Story and Destiny of Bihar |date=2015-10-09 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-93-85436-42-0 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *Landlords of Gosaidaspur Estate.
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| *Zamindar of Belwarganj Estate.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Commission |first=Great Britain Indian Statutory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g4uWIvO-qZ4C&q=bhagalpur+zamindar |title=Report of the Indian Statutory Commission ... |date=1930 |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |language=en}}</ref>
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| *Zamindar of Pipra Estate.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Narayan |first=Jayaprakash |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4s8-AQAAIAAJ&q=pipra+zamindar |title=Jayaprakash Narayan: 1946-1948 |date=2000 |publisher=Manohar |isbn=978-81-7304-518-9 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *Zamindar of Shaligrami.
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| ==Distribution and Title==
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| ===Distribution===
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| Majhrauts are found all over [[Bihar]] but numerically they exceed other sub-caste in [[Saharsa district|Saharsa]] and it's adjoining district of Bihar.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=K. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C&q=majhraut|title=People of India: Bihar (2 pts.)|date=2008|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-85579-09-2|language=en}}</ref> While most [[Yadav]]s were small scale peasants in North and Central India, a small number of them acquired land in newly reclaimed area of Eastern Bihar ([[Purnia district|Purnea]] and [[Saharsa]]) and became big land holders.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mt9G1e6JF-QC&q=eastern+Bihar|title=India's Communities: H - M|date=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-563354-2|language=en|quote= While most Yadavs were small scale peasants in North and Central India, a small number of them acquired land in newly reclaimed area of Eastern Bihar (Purnea and Saharsa) and became big land holders}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Gajrani|first=S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ksgz4Fvt57QC&dq=ahirs+of+bihar&pg=PA36|title=History, Religion and Culture of India|date=2004|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-8205-063-1|language=en}}</ref>
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| ===Titles===
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| The titles generally used by Majhraut and other sub-caste of Ahirs in Bihar are Yadav, Raut, Gope, Ray, Rai, Roy, Mandal, Singh, etc.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=K. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C&q=Majhroot|title=People of India: Bihar (2 pts.)|date=2008|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-85579-09-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UhAwAQAAIAAJ&q=Rai+Ray|title=People of India: Bihar, including Jharkhand (2 pts)|date=2008|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-7046-303-0|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Santosh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SVu8CgAAQBAJ&dq=gope+rai+yadav&pg=PT112 |title=Ruled or Misruled: Story and Destiny of Bihar |date=2015-10-09 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-93-85436-42-0 |language=en}}</ref>
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| ==Notable persons==
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| *[[Rash Bihari Lal Mandal]], zamindar of Madhepura and founder of Yadav Mahasabha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=समाज-सुधारक रास बिहारी लाल मंडल के सारे विचार आज भी प्रासंगिक हैं- डॉ.मधेपुरी {{!}} Madhepura Abtak Online News Portal of Madhepura District Bihar |url=http://www.madhepuraabtak.com/?p=11436 |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=www.madhepuraabtak.com | date=26 August 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref>
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| *[[Mahendra Gop]], a freedom revolutionary.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Srikrishan 'Sarala' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x_AiQG2mg00C&q=mahendra+gop&pg=PA189 |title=Indian Revolutionaries 1757-1961 (Vol-4): A Comprehensive Study, 1757-1961 |date=1999-01-01 |publisher=Prabhat Prakashan |isbn=978-81-87100-19-5 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *[[Bhupendra Narayan Mandal]], a socialist leader.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sabha |first=India Parliament Lok |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K6v7v6JijJAC |title=Parliament of India, Third Lok Sabha: Who's who 1962 |date=1962 |publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat |language=en}}</ref>
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| *[[Shivnandan Prasad Mandal]], a Politician.<ref>{{Cite web |title=शिवनंदन प्रसाद मंडल : साधना एवं संघर्ष विषयक व्याख्यान आयोजित - Madhepura live News-मधेपुरा लाइव न्यूज़ |url=https://www.madhepuralivenews.com/2020/06/blog-post_654.html?m=1 |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=www.madhepuralivenews.com}}</ref>
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| *[[Kamleshwari Prasad Yadav]], a member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India]] from 1946 to 1950.
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| *[[B.P. Mandal]], Ex-Cm of [[Bihar]] and chairman of [[Mandal Commission|Mandal commission]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Maheshwari |first=Shriram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Q_A5CbznVcC&dq=bp+mandal&pg=PA7 |title=The Mandal Commission and Mandalisation: A Critique |date=1991 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-338-2 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *[[Bijendra Prasad Yadav]], a Politician, currently Minister in Bihar Government.
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| *[[Lalit Kumar Yadav]], a Politician, currently Minister in Bihar Government.
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| *[[Chandrashekhar Yadav|Prof. Chandrashekhar]], a Politician, currently Education Minister in Bihar Government.
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| *[[Rajesh Ranjan]], a Politician.
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| *[[Bhola Yadav]], leader of RJD.
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| *Ritlal Yadav, Currently MLA of Danapur.
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| *Nikhil Mandal, a spokesperson of JDU.
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| ==Culture==
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| Lorikayan is sung by Ahirs of Bihar, it is a folk song of veer rasa where events from the life of Lorik are described. This is more popular in Bhojpuri, Maithili & Magahi.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Bihar (India)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DStuAAAAMAAJ&q=lorik+|title=Bihar District Gazetteers: Saharsa|last2=Choudhury|first2=Pranab Chandra Roy|date=1965|publisher=Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Experts|first=Arihant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0BrzDwAAQBAJ&dq=%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0&pg=PA331|title=Know Your State Bihar|date=2019-11-19|publisher=Arihant Publications India limited|isbn=978-93-131-9975-5|language=en}}</ref>
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Yadava]]
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| *[[Ahir]]
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| *[[Bihari Ahir]]
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| *[[Ahir clans]]
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| *[[Krishnaut]]
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| *
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| {{India-ethno-stub}}
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| [[Category:Bihari Ahirs]]
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| [[Category:Social groups of Bihar]]
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