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{{ | {{Short description|Indian Bengali author (1894–1950)}} | ||
{{Other people|Bibhutibhushan|Bibhutibhushan (disambiguation) | {{Other people|Bibhutibhushan|Bibhutibhushan (disambiguation)}} | ||
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}} | {{EngvarB|date=August 2014}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}} | ||
{{Infobox writer | {{Infobox writer | ||
| name = Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay | | name = Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay | ||
| image = Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay.jpg | | image = Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay.jpg | ||
| imagesize = 200px | | imagesize = 200px | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| birth_date = 12 | | birth_date = {{birth date|1894|9|12|df=y}} | ||
| birth_place = | | birth_place = Barakpur, [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]] | ||
| death_date = 1 | | death_date = {{death date and age|1950|11|1|1894|9|12|df=y}} | ||
| death_place = [[Ghatshila]], [[Bihar]] | | death_place = [[Ghatshila]], [[Bihar]], India | ||
| occupation = Writer, novelist, songwriter | | nationality = [[India]]n | ||
| citizenship = [[India]] | |||
| alma_mater = | | occupation = Writer, novelist, songwriter | ||
| notableworks = {{Unbulleted list|''[[Pather Panchali (novel)|Pather Panchali]]''|''[[Aranyak]]''|''[[Adarsha Hindu Hotel]]''|''[[Debjan]]''|''[[Hire Manik Jale]]''}} | | alma_mater =[[Surendranath College]] | ||
| spouse = {{Unbulleted list|Gouri Devi|Rama Chattopadhyay}} | | notableworks = {{Unbulleted list|''[[Pather Panchali (novel)|Pather Panchali]]''|''[[Aranyak]]''|''[[Adarsha Hindu Hotel]]''|''[[Debjan]]''|''[[Hire Manik Jale]]''|''[[Chander Pahar]]''}} | ||
| children = [[Taradas Bandyopadhyay]] | | parents = {{Unbulleted list|Mahananda Bandyopadhyay|Mrinalini Devi}} | ||
| awards = [[Rabindra Puraskar]] (posthumous) (1951) | | spouse = {{Unbulleted list|Gouri Devi|Rama Chattopadhyay}} | ||
| signature = | | children = [[Taradas Bandyopadhyay]] | ||
| awards = [[Rabindra Puraskar]] (posthumous) (1951) | |||
| signature = | |||
| website = {{url|https://bibhutibhushan.in}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay''' ({{audio|Bibhutibhushan_Bandopadhyay_pronunciation.ogg|listen|''Bibhutibhushon Bôndopaddhae''}} | '''Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay''' ({{audio|Bibhutibhushan_Bandopadhyay_pronunciation.ogg|listen|''Bibhutibhushon Bôndopaddhae''}}; 12 September 1894 – 1 November 1950)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wbpublibnet.gov.in/scl/html/departed_writers.php|title=State Central Library Kolkata|access-date=September 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927074438/http://www.wbpublibnet.gov.in/scl/html/departed_writers.php|archive-date=27 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> was an Indian novelist and short story writer in the [[Bengali language]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Chakrabarti |first=Kunal |title=Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis |last2=Chakrabarti |first2=Shubhra |date=2013 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=978-0-8108-5334-8 |series=Historical Dictionaries of Peoples and Cultures |location=Lanham |pages=61}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/remembering-the-evergreen-genius-of-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyay-1567762454521.html|title=Remembering the evergreen genius of Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay|first=Somak|last=Ghoshal|date=6 September 2019|website=mint|access-date=29 March 2020|archive-date=29 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329085847/https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/remembering-the-evergreen-genius-of-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyay-1567762454521.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/ballad-of-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyays-last-abode-beckons/cid/1742938 Ballad of Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay's Last Abode Beckons] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122051344/https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/ballad-of-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyays-last-abode-beckons/cid/1742938 |date=22 January 2023 }}. [[Telegraph India]].</ref> His best known works are the autobiographical novel ''[[Pather Panchali (novel)|Pather Panchali]]'' (''Song of the Little Road''), ''[[Aparajito (novel)|Aparajito]]'' (''Undefeated''), ''[[Chander Pahar]]'' (''Mountain of the Moon'') and ''[[Aranyak]]'' (''of the forest''). | ||
==Early life and education== | ==Early life and education== | ||
The Bandyopadhyay family originated in the Panitar village near [[Basirhat]], located in the [[North 24 Parganas district]] of modern-day [[West Bengal]]. Bandyopadhyay's great-grandfather, who was an [[Ayurveda|Ayurvedic]] physician, eventually settled in | [[File:House of Bibhutibhuasan.jpg|left|thumb|Bibhutibhusan's House Gouri Kunja at Ghatshila]] | ||
The Bandyopadhyay family originated in the Panitar village near [[Basirhat]], located in the [[North 24 Parganas district]] of modern-day [[West Bengal]]. Bandyopadhyay's great-grandfather, who was an [[Ayurveda|Ayurvedic]] physician, eventually settled in Barrackpore village, near [[Gopalnagar, North 24 Parganas|Gopalnagar]], [[Bongaon|Banagram]] (now Bangaon), North 24 Parganas.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chattopadhyay |first1= Sunil Kumar |title= Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay |edition= 1st|series=Makers of Indian Literature |year= 1994 |publisher= Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi |isbn= 81-7201-578-X |page= 1}}</ref> However, Bandyopadhyay was born in Muratipur village, near [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]] in [[Nadia district|Nadia]], at his maternal uncle's house. His father, Mahananda Bandyopadhyay, was a [[Sanskrit]] scholar and story-teller by profession. Bandyopadhyay was the eldest of the five children of Mahananda and his wife Mrinalini. His childhood home was at Barrackpore village, near [[Gopalnagar, North 24 Parganas|Gopalnagar]], [[Bongaon|Banagram]] (now Bangaon), North 24 Parganas. of [[West Bengal]]. | |||
Bandyopadhyay studied at [[Bongaon High School]], one of the oldest institutions in [[Presidencies and provinces of British India# | From the fifth grade, Bandyopadhyay studied at [[Bongaon High School]], one of the oldest institutions in [[Presidencies and provinces of British India#Administration under the Crown (1858–1947)|British India]], and was considered as a talented student. Following a first division placement in the Entrance and Intermediate Arts examinations, Bandyopadhyay completed his undergraduate degree in economics, history, and [[sanskrit]] at the [[Surendranath College]] (then Ripon College) in [[Kolkata]]. He was admitted to the [[Master's degree#Titles|master's degree (MA)]] and Law classes, but could not afford to enroll for the postgraduate course at the [[University of Calcutta]], and joined as a teacher in a school in [[Jangipara]], [[Jangipara D N High School]], [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]].<ref name=Sekhar /><ref>[http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/bibhutibhushan-bandopadhyay-biography.html Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507014504/http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/bibhutibhushan-bandopadhyay-biography.html |date=7 May 2013 }} ''iloveindia.com''. Retrieved 19 May 2013</ref> | ||
[[File:বিভূতিভূষণ বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়ের পৈতৃক নিবাস.jpg|thumb|Bibhutibhushan Bandhopadhyay's ancestral home is in Barakpur village near [[Bangaon]] in North 24 Parganas district.]] | |||
==Career== | ==Career== | ||
Bandyopadhyay worked in a variety of jobs to support both himself and his family before becoming a writer. His first job was as a teacher, but he also served as a travelling publicist for [[Cow protection movement#1800s|Goraksini Sabha]], and later as a secretary for [[Pathuriaghata#The Ghosh family|Khelatchandra Ghosh]], a role that included the management of his [[Bhagalpur]] estate. He became involved with Khelatchandra, a prominent name in music and charity, while tutoring his family. He also taught at the Khelatchandra Memorial School.<ref name=Sekhar /> Eventually, Bandyopadhyay returned to his native place. He started working as a teacher in the Gopalnagar Haripada Institution, which he continued alongside his literary work, until his death. He wrote and published ''Pather Panchali w''hile staying at [[Ghatshila]], a town in [[Jharkhand]]. | Bandyopadhyay worked in a variety of jobs to support both himself and his family before becoming a writer. His first job was as a teacher, but he also served as a travelling publicist for [[Cow protection movement#1800s|Goraksini Sabha]], and later as a secretary for [[Pathuriaghata#The Ghosh family|Khelatchandra Ghosh]], a role that included the management of his [[Bhagalpur]] estate. He became involved with Khelatchandra, a prominent name in music and charity, while tutoring his family. He also taught at the Khelatchandra Memorial School.<ref name=Sekhar /> Eventually, Bandyopadhyay returned to his native place. He started working as a teacher in the Gopalnagar Haripada Institution, which he continued alongside his literary work, until his death. He wrote and published ''Pather Panchali w''hile staying at [[Ghatshila]], a town in [[Jharkhand]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=WTJ |first=Team |date=28 November 2025 |title=Gouri Kunj, Ghatshila – The Historic Home of Author Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay |url=https://welcometojamshedpur.in/gourikunja-home-of-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyay/ |access-date=29 November 2025 |website=Welcome to Jamshedpur}}</ref> | ||
==Works== | ==Works== | ||
Bandyopadhyay's works are largely set in rural Bengal, with characters from that area. Several of his novels are set in [[Bangaon|Bongaon]], including ''Pather Panchali'', ''Adarsha Hindu Hotel'', ''Ichamati,'' and ''Bipiner | Bandyopadhyay's works are largely set in rural Bengal, with characters from that area. Several of his novels are set in [[Bangaon|Bongaon]], including ''Pather Panchali'', ''Adarsha Hindu Hotel'', ''Ichamati,'' and ''Bipiner Sansar'' while his ''Aranyak'' is set in a forest in Bhagalpur.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-06|title=Aranyak by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay|url=https://www.purplepencilproject.com/book-review-aranyak-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyay/|access-date=2020-06-29|website=Purple Pencil Project|language=en-US|archive-date=30 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630003120/https://www.purplepencilproject.com/book-review-aranyak-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyay/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1921, Bandyopadhyay's first published short story, "Upekshita" appeared in ''[[Prabasi]]'', at the time one of Bengal's leading literary magazines. However, he did not receive any critical attention until 1928, when his first novel ''Pather Panchali'' (also known in English as ''Song of the Little Road'') was published (initially as a serial, then as a book in 1929). ''Pather Panchali'' brought Bandyopadhyay to prominence in Bengali literature, and the novel and its sequel ''Aparajito'', were subsequently translated into numerous languages.<ref name="Sekhar" /> Additionally, these two were made into films by [[Satyajit Ray]], and together with ''[[The World of Apu|Apur Sansar]]'', formed the highly successful ''[[Apu Trilogy]]''.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} Ray referred aspiring scriptwriters to the works of Bandyopadhyay, and praised him by saying, "His lines fit the characters so well, they are so revealing that even when the author provides no physical description, every character seems to present itself before us simply through the words it speaks".{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} His creation [[Taranath Tantrik]] was popular for the Bengali reader and the series was extended by his son Taradas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.co.in/qs-taranath-tantrik-start-streaming-today-hoichoi|title=Q's Taranath Tantrik to start streaming today on Hoichoi|access-date=January 21, 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121232625/https://boxofficeindia.co.in/qs-taranath-tantrik-start-streaming-today-hoichoi|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
===Critical reception=== | ===Critical reception=== | ||
[[Amit Chaudhuri]] has translated a few excerpts from the novel for inclusion in the anthology, ''The Picador Book of Modern Indian Literature''. In his introduction to these excerpts, Chaudhuri wrote, "Unique for its tenderness and poetry ... ''Pather Panchali'' rejects both nineteenth-century [[Literary realism|realism]] and [[social realism]] (the social milieu described in it would have logically lent itself to the latter) for an inquiry into perception and memory."<ref>The Picador Book of Modern Indian Literature, edited by Amit Chaudhuri, (p. 66)</ref> The complete text of ''Aparajito'' has been translated into English by Gopa Majumdar. The novel ''Aranyak'' has been translated into English in January 2017 by Suchismita Banerjee Rai, and it has been published by Mitra and Ghosh Publishers based in [[Kolkata]]. | [[Amit Chaudhuri]] has translated a few excerpts from the novel for inclusion in the anthology, ''The Picador Book of Modern Indian Literature''. In his introduction to these excerpts, Chaudhuri wrote, "Unique for its tenderness and poetry ... ''Pather Panchali'' rejects both nineteenth-century [[Literary realism|realism]] and [[social realism]] (the social milieu described in it would have logically lent itself to the latter) for an inquiry into perception and memory."<ref>The Picador Book of Modern Indian Literature, edited by Amit Chaudhuri, (p. 66)</ref> The complete text of ''Aparajito'' has been translated into English by Gopa Majumdar. The novel ''Aranyak'' has been translated into English in January 2017 by Suchismita Banerjee Rai, and it has been published by Mitra and Ghosh Publishers based in [[Kolkata]]. His novels ''Ashani Sanket'' and ''Ichhamati'' have been translated into English respectively as ''Distant Thunder'' and ''Ichhamoti'' by Chhanda Chattopadhyay Bewtra and published by Parabaas. | ||
[[Martin Seymour-Smith]], in his ''Guide to Modern World Literature'' (1973), describes Bandyopadhyay (he uses the form Banerji) as "perhaps the best of all modern Indian novelists", going on to write that, "probably nothing in twentieth-century Indian literature, in prose or poetry, comes to the level of ''Pather Panchali''".<ref>Guide to Modern World Literature, Martin Seymour-Smith (p. 712)</ref> He was posthumously awarded the [[Rabindra Puraskar]] in 1951, a literary award in [[West Bengal]], for his novel ''Ichhamati''.<ref name="Sekhar">{{cite book |last=Sekhar |first=Saumitra |year=2012 |chapter=Bandyopadhyay, Bibhutibhushan |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bandyopadhyay,_Bibhutibhushan |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> | [[Martin Seymour-Smith]], in his ''Guide to Modern World Literature'' (1973), describes Bandyopadhyay (he uses the form Banerji) as "perhaps the best of all modern Indian novelists", going on to write that, "probably nothing in twentieth-century Indian literature, in prose or poetry, comes to the level of ''Pather Panchali''".<ref>Guide to Modern World Literature, Martin Seymour-Smith (p. 712)</ref> He was posthumously awarded the [[Rabindra Puraskar]] in 1951, a literary award in [[West Bengal]], for his novel ''Ichhamati''.<ref name="Sekhar">{{cite book |last=Sekhar |first=Saumitra |year=2012 |chapter=Bandyopadhyay, Bibhutibhushan |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bandyopadhyay,_Bibhutibhushan |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |access-date=28 January 2016 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304193851/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bandyopadhyay,_Bibhutibhushan |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
[[File:Author Bibhutibhusan Bandhopadhyay and his son Taradas Bandhopadhyay.jpg|thumb|Author Bibhutibhusan Bandhopadhyay and his son Taradas Bandhopadhyay]] | |||
[[File: | |||
===Death=== | ===Death=== | ||
Bandopadhyay died on 1 November 1950, in [[Ghatshila]]. The cause of death was identified as a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Bandopadhyay's Death|url=http://www.bengalibooksonline.com/author-profile.php?author_id=542|access-date=2 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403133556/http://www.bengalibooksonline.com/author-profile.php?author_id=542|archive-date=3 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Bandopadhyay died on 1 November 1950, in [[Ghatshila]]. The cause of death was identified as a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Bandopadhyay's Death|url=http://www.bengalibooksonline.com/author-profile.php?author_id=542|access-date=2 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403133556/http://www.bengalibooksonline.com/author-profile.php?author_id=542|archive-date=3 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> His house in Ghatshila, named Gouri Kunj<ref>{{Cite web |last=WTJ |first=Team |date=28 November 2025 |title=Gaurikunja: The Literary Home of Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay in Ghatsila |url=https://welcometojamshedpur.in/gourikunja-home-of-bibhutibhushan-bandyopadhyay/ |access-date=29 November 2025 |website=Welcome to Jamshedpur}}</ref> after his wife has been preserved by the [[Government of Jharkhand]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Bandopadhyay's House in Ghatshila|url=https://tourism.jharkhand.gov.in/destinationDetails/78|access-date=18 September 2021|archive-date=18 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918065259/https://tourism.jharkhand.gov.in/destinationDetails/78|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
| Line 48: | Line 52: | ||
;Complete list of novels: | ;Complete list of novels: | ||
* ''[[Pather Panchali (novel)|Pather Panchali]]'' (Song of the Road) | * ''[[Pather Panchali (novel)|Pather Panchali]]'' (Song of the Road) | ||
* ''Aparajito'' | * ''Aparajito'' | ||
* ''[[Aranyak]]'' (In the Forest) | * ''[[Aranyak]]'' (In the Forest) | ||
* ''[[Adarsha Hindu Hotel]]'' | * ''[[Adarsha Hindu Hotel]]'' | ||
| Line 61: | Line 65: | ||
* ''Kedar Raja'' | * ''Kedar Raja'' | ||
* ''Dampati'' | * ''Dampati'' | ||
* ''Sundarbane Sat Batsar'' | * ''Sundarbane Sat Batsar'' | ||
* ''Dui Bari'' | * ''Dui Bari'' | ||
* ''Maroner Danka Baje'' | * ''Maroner Danka Baje'' | ||
* ''Mismider Kabach | * ''Mismider Kabach'' | ||
;Partial list of short story collections: | ;Partial list of short story collections: | ||
| Line 77: | Line 79: | ||
* ''Benigir Fulbari'' | * ''Benigir Fulbari'' | ||
* ''Nabagata'' | * ''Nabagata'' | ||
{{div col end}} | {{div col end}} | ||
| Line 89: | Line 90: | ||
* ''[[Baksa Badal]] ''(1970) | * ''[[Baksa Badal]] ''(1970) | ||
* ''[[Nishi Padma]]'' (1970) based on short story ''Hinger Kochuri''. | * ''[[Nishi Padma]]'' (1970) based on short story ''Hinger Kochuri''. | ||
* ''[[Amar Prem]]'' (1972) based on short story ''Hinger Kochuri''.<ref>{{cite news |title=It's All About Love|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/it-s-all-about-love/953992/0 |publisher=Indian Express |date= 26 May 2012 |access-date=4 May 2013}}</ref> | * ''[[Amar Prem]]'' (1972) based on short story ''Hinger Kochuri''.<ref>{{cite news|title=It's All About Love|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/it-s-all-about-love/953992/0|publisher=Indian Express|date=26 May 2012|access-date=4 May 2013|archive-date=26 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926205500/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/it-s-all-about-love/953992/0|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
* ''[[Nimantran]]'' (1971) | * ''[[Nimantran]]'' (1971) | ||
* ''[[Ashani Sanket]]'' (1973) | * ''[[Ashani Sanket]]'' (1973) | ||
* ''[[Alo (film)|Alo]]'' (2003) | * ''[[Alo (film)|Alo]]'' (2003) | ||
*The Festival!Talnabami (Film) (2003) | |||
*''[[Bhalobasar Onek Naam]]'' (2006) | |||
* ''[[Chander Pahar (film)|Chander Pahar]]'' (2013) | * ''[[Chander Pahar (film)|Chander Pahar]]'' (2013) | ||
* ''[[Amazon Obhijaan]]'' (2017) | * ''[[Amazon Obhijaan]] '' (2017) based on the characters of ''Chander pahar''. | ||
* ''[[Colours of Innocence|Sahaj Paather Gappo (Colours of Innocence)]]'' (2017) based on the story ''Taal Nabami''. | * ''[[Colours of Innocence|Sahaj Paather Gappo (Colours of Innocence)]]'' (2017) based on the story ''Taal Nabami''. | ||
* ''[[Avijatrik]] '' (2021) based on the concluding part of the novel Aparajito | * ''[[Avijatrik]] '' (2021) based on the concluding part of the novel Aparajito | ||
==See also== | |||
* [[List of Indian writers]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{Chander_Pahar}} | {{Chander_Pahar}} | ||
{{Bengal famine of 1943}} | {{Bengal famine of 1943}} | ||
{{Portal bar|Biography|India|Literature}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT: | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bandyopadhyay, Bibhutibhushan}} | |||
[[Category:Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay| ]] | |||
[[Category:1894 births]] | [[Category:1894 births]] | ||
[[Category:1950 deaths]] | [[Category:1950 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Bengali Hindus]] | [[Category:Bengali Hindus]] | ||
[[Category:Bengali-language writers]] | [[Category:20th-century Bengali people]] | ||
[[Category:Indian male novelists]] | [[Category:Bengali-language novelists]] | ||
[[Category:Indian writers]] | |||
[[Category:Indian novelists]] | |||
[[Category:Indian travel writers]] | |||
[[Category:Indian diarists]] | |||
[[Category:20th-century Indian memoirists]] | |||
[[Category:Indian male short story writers]] | |||
[[Category:Indian children's writers]] | |||
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]] | |||
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]] | |||
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]] | |||
[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]] | |||
[[Category:Surendranath College alumni]] | [[Category:Surendranath College alumni]] | ||
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]] | [[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]] | ||
[[Category:Recipients of the Rabindra Puraskar]] | [[Category:Recipients of the Rabindra Puraskar]] | ||
[[Category:People from North 24 Parganas district]] | [[Category:People from North 24 Parganas district]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:People from the Bengal Presidency]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Writers from British India]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:24, 1 January 2026
Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 12 September 1894 Barakpur, Bengal Presidency, British India |
| Died | 1 November 1950 (aged 56) Ghatshila, Bihar, India |
| Occupation | Writer, novelist, songwriter |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Citizenship | India |
| Alma mater | Surendranath College |
| Notable works | |
| Notable awards | Rabindra Puraskar (posthumous) (1951) |
| Spouse |
|
| Children | Taradas Bandyopadhyay |
| Parents |
|
| Website | |
| bibhutibhushan | |
Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay (
listen (help·info); 12 September 1894 – 1 November 1950)[1] was an Indian novelist and short story writer in the Bengali language.[2][3][4] His best known works are the autobiographical novel Pather Panchali (Song of the Little Road), Aparajito (Undefeated), Chander Pahar (Mountain of the Moon) and Aranyak (of the forest).
Early life and education[edit | edit source]
The Bandyopadhyay family originated in the Panitar village near Basirhat, located in the North 24 Parganas district of modern-day West Bengal. Bandyopadhyay's great-grandfather, who was an Ayurvedic physician, eventually settled in Barrackpore village, near Gopalnagar, Banagram (now Bangaon), North 24 Parganas.[5] However, Bandyopadhyay was born in Muratipur village, near Kalyani in Nadia, at his maternal uncle's house. His father, Mahananda Bandyopadhyay, was a Sanskrit scholar and story-teller by profession. Bandyopadhyay was the eldest of the five children of Mahananda and his wife Mrinalini. His childhood home was at Barrackpore village, near Gopalnagar, Banagram (now Bangaon), North 24 Parganas. of West Bengal.
From the fifth grade, Bandyopadhyay studied at Bongaon High School, one of the oldest institutions in British India, and was considered as a talented student. Following a first division placement in the Entrance and Intermediate Arts examinations, Bandyopadhyay completed his undergraduate degree in economics, history, and sanskrit at the Surendranath College (then Ripon College) in Kolkata. He was admitted to the master's degree (MA) and Law classes, but could not afford to enroll for the postgraduate course at the University of Calcutta, and joined as a teacher in a school in Jangipara, Jangipara D N High School, Hooghly.[6][7]
Career[edit | edit source]
Bandyopadhyay worked in a variety of jobs to support both himself and his family before becoming a writer. His first job was as a teacher, but he also served as a travelling publicist for Goraksini Sabha, and later as a secretary for Khelatchandra Ghosh, a role that included the management of his Bhagalpur estate. He became involved with Khelatchandra, a prominent name in music and charity, while tutoring his family. He also taught at the Khelatchandra Memorial School.[6] Eventually, Bandyopadhyay returned to his native place. He started working as a teacher in the Gopalnagar Haripada Institution, which he continued alongside his literary work, until his death. He wrote and published Pather Panchali while staying at Ghatshila, a town in Jharkhand.[8]
Works[edit | edit source]
Bandyopadhyay's works are largely set in rural Bengal, with characters from that area. Several of his novels are set in Bongaon, including Pather Panchali, Adarsha Hindu Hotel, Ichamati, and Bipiner Sansar while his Aranyak is set in a forest in Bhagalpur.[9] In 1921, Bandyopadhyay's first published short story, "Upekshita" appeared in Prabasi, at the time one of Bengal's leading literary magazines. However, he did not receive any critical attention until 1928, when his first novel Pather Panchali (also known in English as Song of the Little Road) was published (initially as a serial, then as a book in 1929). Pather Panchali brought Bandyopadhyay to prominence in Bengali literature, and the novel and its sequel Aparajito, were subsequently translated into numerous languages.[6] Additionally, these two were made into films by Satyajit Ray, and together with Apur Sansar, formed the highly successful Apu Trilogy.[citation needed] Ray referred aspiring scriptwriters to the works of Bandyopadhyay, and praised him by saying, "His lines fit the characters so well, they are so revealing that even when the author provides no physical description, every character seems to present itself before us simply through the words it speaks".[citation needed] His creation Taranath Tantrik was popular for the Bengali reader and the series was extended by his son Taradas.[10]
Critical reception[edit | edit source]
Amit Chaudhuri has translated a few excerpts from the novel for inclusion in the anthology, The Picador Book of Modern Indian Literature. In his introduction to these excerpts, Chaudhuri wrote, "Unique for its tenderness and poetry ... Pather Panchali rejects both nineteenth-century realism and social realism (the social milieu described in it would have logically lent itself to the latter) for an inquiry into perception and memory."[11] The complete text of Aparajito has been translated into English by Gopa Majumdar. The novel Aranyak has been translated into English in January 2017 by Suchismita Banerjee Rai, and it has been published by Mitra and Ghosh Publishers based in Kolkata. His novels Ashani Sanket and Ichhamati have been translated into English respectively as Distant Thunder and Ichhamoti by Chhanda Chattopadhyay Bewtra and published by Parabaas.
Martin Seymour-Smith, in his Guide to Modern World Literature (1973), describes Bandyopadhyay (he uses the form Banerji) as "perhaps the best of all modern Indian novelists", going on to write that, "probably nothing in twentieth-century Indian literature, in prose or poetry, comes to the level of Pather Panchali".[12] He was posthumously awarded the Rabindra Puraskar in 1951, a literary award in West Bengal, for his novel Ichhamati.[6]
Death[edit | edit source]
Bandopadhyay died on 1 November 1950, in Ghatshila. The cause of death was identified as a heart attack.[13] His house in Ghatshila, named Gouri Kunj[14] after his wife has been preserved by the Government of Jharkhand.[15]
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Complete list of novels
- Pather Panchali (Song of the Road)
- Aparajito
- Aranyak (In the Forest)
- Adarsha Hindu Hotel
- Ichhamati (Rabindra Puraskar 1950–51)
- Dristi Pradeep
- Chander Pahar
- Hire Manik Jale
- Debjan
- Bipiner Sangsar
- Anubartan
- Ashani Sanket
- Kedar Raja
- Dampati
- Sundarbane Sat Batsar
- Dui Bari
- Maroner Danka Baje
- Mismider Kabach
- Partial list of short story collections
- Megha Mallar
- Mauriphool
- Jatrabadol
- Jonmo o Mrittu
- Kinnardal
- Taal Nabami
- Benigir Fulbari
- Nabagata
Filmography[edit | edit source]
- Filmography based on his Bibliography are
- Pather Panchali (1955)
- Aparajito (1956)
- Adarsha Hindu Hotel (1957)
- Apur Sansar (1959)
- Baksa Badal (1970)
- Nishi Padma (1970) based on short story Hinger Kochuri.
- Amar Prem (1972) based on short story Hinger Kochuri.[16]
- Nimantran (1971)
- Ashani Sanket (1973)
- Alo (2003)
- The Festival!Talnabami (Film) (2003)
- Bhalobasar Onek Naam (2006)
- Chander Pahar (2013)
- Amazon Obhijaan (2017) based on the characters of Chander pahar.
- Sahaj Paather Gappo (Colours of Innocence) (2017) based on the story Taal Nabami.
- Avijatrik (2021) based on the concluding part of the novel Aparajito
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "State Central Library Kolkata". Archived from the original on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- ↑ Chakrabarti, Kunal; Chakrabarti, Shubhra (2013). Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis. Historical Dictionaries of Peoples and Cultures. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-8108-5334-8.
- ↑ Ghoshal, Somak (6 September 2019). "Remembering the evergreen genius of Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay". mint. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
- ↑ Ballad of Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay's Last Abode Beckons Archived 22 January 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Telegraph India.
- ↑ Chattopadhyay, Sunil Kumar (1994). Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay. Makers of Indian Literature (1st ed.). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 1. ISBN 81-7201-578-X.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Sekhar, Saumitra (2012). "Bandyopadhyay, Bibhutibhushan". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ↑ Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay Archived 7 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine iloveindia.com. Retrieved 19 May 2013
- ↑ WTJ, Team (28 November 2025). "Gouri Kunj, Ghatshila – The Historic Home of Author Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay". Welcome to Jamshedpur. Retrieved 29 November 2025.
- ↑ "Aranyak by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay". Purple Pencil Project. 6 May 2020. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
- ↑ "Q's Taranath Tantrik to start streaming today on Hoichoi". Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ↑ The Picador Book of Modern Indian Literature, edited by Amit Chaudhuri, (p. 66)
- ↑ Guide to Modern World Literature, Martin Seymour-Smith (p. 712)
- ↑ "Bandopadhyay's Death". Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
- ↑ WTJ, Team (28 November 2025). "Gaurikunja: The Literary Home of Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay in Ghatsila". Welcome to Jamshedpur. Retrieved 29 November 2025.
- ↑ "Bandopadhyay's House in Ghatshila". Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ↑ "It's All About Love". Indian Express. 26 May 2012. Archived from the original on 26 September 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
