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{{short description|Airliner and military tactical transport aircraft by Antonov}} | {{short description|Airliner and military tactical transport aircraft by Antonov}} | ||
{{more citations needed|date=March 2025}} | |||
{|{{Infobox aircraft | {{Infobox aircraft | ||
| name = An-32 | |||
| image = AirMark Antonov An-32 Spijkers-2.jpg | |||
| caption = An-32 of AirMark | |||
| type = [[Military transport aircraft]] | |||
| national_origin = [[Soviet Union]]/[[Russia]]/[[Ukraine]] | |||
| manufacturer = [[Antonov]] | |||
| first_flight = 9 July 1976<ref name="aerow">Karnozov, Vovick. [http://www.aeroworldnet.com/1ra10160.htm "Renewed AN-32 in Flight Tests."] ''AeroWorldNet,'' 16 October 2000. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070521113555/http://www.aeroworldnet.com/1ra10160.htm |date=May 21, 2007 }}</ref> | |||
| introduction = | |||
| retired = | |||
| produced = 1982–2012 | |||
| number_built = 373<ref name=russianplanes.net/> | |||
| status = In service | |||
| primary_user = [[Indian Air Force]]<!--Limit one (1) primary user. Top 4 users listed in 'primary user' and 'more users' fields based on numbers in their fleets (see Operators section).--> | |||
| more_users = [[National Air Force of Angola]]<br />[[Sri Lanka Air Force]]<br />[[Ukrainian Air Force]]<!-- Standards call for only THREE (3) 'more users' lines. The top FOUR (4) users overall listed. See Operators section for all users. --> | |||
| developed_from = [[Antonov An-26]] | |||
| variants = | |||
| developed_into = [[Antonov/Taqnia An-132]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Antonov An-32''' ([[NATO reporting name]]: '''Cline''') is a [[turboprop]] twin-engined [[military transport aircraft]]. | The '''Antonov An-32''' ([[NATO reporting name]]: '''Cline''') is a [[turboprop]] twin-engined [[military transport aircraft]]. Its first flight was in July 1976 and was displayed at the 1977 [[Paris Air Show]]. A variant of the [[Antonov An-24|An-24]], it was given upgraded equipment and more powerful [[Ivchenko AI-20]] engines, and is oriented towards flying in adverse weather conditions. The aircraft was produced from 1980 to 2012, and remains in service. It is the fourth member of the Antonov An-24 family, succeeding the An-24, [[Antonov An-30|An-30]] and [[Antonov An-26|An-26]], and coming before the cancelled [[Antonov/Taqnia An-132|An-132]]. | ||
==Design and development== | ==Design and development== | ||
The An-32 is essentially a re-engined [[Antonov An-26|An-26]]. It is designed to withstand adverse weather conditions better than the standard An-26. Announced at the May 1977 Paris Air Show, the An-32 is distinguished from its predecessor by engines raised 1.5 m above the wing in order to avoid foreign object damage on rough, unprepared | The An-32 is essentially a re-engined [[Antonov An-26|An-26]]. It is designed to withstand adverse weather conditions better than the standard An-26. Announced at the May 1977 Paris Air Show, the An-32 is distinguished from its predecessor by engines raised 1.5 m above the wing in order to avoid foreign object damage on rough, unprepared airstrips. | ||
The type features high-lift wings with automatic leading-edge slats, large triple-slotted trailing edge flaps and an enlarged tailplane and a very large increase in power, giving improved take-off performance and service ceiling. The high placement of the engine [[nacelle]]s above the wing allowed for larger diameter propellers, which are driven by 5,100 hp rated [[Ivchenko AI-20]] turboprop engines, providing almost twice the power of the An-26's AI-24 powerplants.<ref name="AirInternational" /><ref name="warfiles">Antonov An-32. [ | The type features high-lift wings with automatic leading-edge slats, large triple-slotted trailing edge flaps and an enlarged tailplane and a very large increase in power, giving improved take-off performance and service ceiling. The high placement of the engine [[nacelle]]s above the wing allowed for larger diameter propellers, which are driven by 5,100 hp rated [[Ivchenko AI-20]] turboprop engines, providing almost twice the power of the An-26's AI-24 powerplants.<ref name="AirInternational" /><ref name="warfiles">Antonov An-32. [https://warfiles.ru/show-84676-an-net-an-est-ukraina-nashla-poteryannye-indiyskie-an-32.html "Ан нет, Ан есть. Украина «нашла» потерянные индийские Ан-32."] ''[http://warfiles.ru/] 20 April 2015.''</ref> | ||
Production from the Government Aircraft Factory in Kyiv, has included 123 aircraft for the [[Indian Air Force]], which ordered the aircraft under strong foreign relations between then USSR leader [[Leonid Brezhnev]] and then India leader [[Indira Gandhi]].<ref name="AirInternational" /><ref name="warfiles" /> | Production from the Government Aircraft Factory in Kyiv, has included 123 aircraft for the [[Indian Air Force]], which ordered the aircraft under strong foreign relations between then USSR leader [[Leonid Brezhnev]] and then India leader [[Indira Gandhi]].<ref name="AirInternational" /><ref name="warfiles" /> | ||
The majority of production has been for the Russian and Ukrainian Air Forces, with around 40 per year being built during the late 1980s to early 1990s.<ref name="AirInternational" /> The estimated price for a modernised An-32 version is 15 million US dollars.<ref name="warfiles" /> | The majority of production has been for the Russian and Ukrainian Air Forces, with around 40 per year being built during the late 1980s to early 1990s.<ref name="AirInternational" /> The estimated price for a modernised An-32 version is 15 million US dollars.<ref name="warfiles" /> | ||
The last An-32 was produced in 2012.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} | |||
===Production data=== | ===Production data=== | ||
| Line 45: | Line 44: | ||
==Operational history== | ==Operational history== | ||
The An-32 has outstanding takeoff characteristics in hot and high conditions, up to {{convert|55|C|F | The An-32 has outstanding takeoff characteristics in hot and high conditions, up to {{convert|55|C|F|abbr=on}} and {{convert|4,500|m|abbr=on}} elevation, and is suitable for use as a medium tactical military transport roles as well as commercial roles. Operating as a cargo transport over the short and medium range air routes, the An-32 is suitable for air-dropping cargo, passenger carrying, medevac, firefighting, skydiving or paratrooping roles. | ||
The An-32 entered service in the 1980s and served with the air forces of Ukraine, Russia, Bangladesh Air Force, the Indian Air Force, the Iraqi Air Force, the Mexican Air Force and the Sudanese Air Force.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} | |||
In 2014, the [[Iraqi Air Force]] used its An-32B as bombers against the ISIS in response to the [[Islamic State invasion of Iraq]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Joseph |last=Trevithick |url=https://www.twz.com/20330/iraqs-an-32-cargo-planes-turned-bombers-flew-nearly-twice-as-many-strikes-as-its-f-16s |title=Iraq’s An-32 Cargo Planes Turned Bombers Flew Nearly Twice As Many Strikes As its F-16s |website=TWZ.com |date=23 April 2018 |access-date=5 January 2026}}</ref> | |||
==Variants== | ==Variants== | ||
| Line 53: | Line 56: | ||
* '''An-32B''' : Improved version | * '''An-32B''' : Improved version | ||
* '''An-32B-100''' : Modernised version of the An-32B. [[Maximum takeoff weight]] (MTOW) increased to 28.5 tons, payload increased to 7.5 tons.<ref name= "An-32"/> | * '''An-32B-100''' : Modernised version of the An-32B. [[Maximum takeoff weight]] (MTOW) increased to 28.5 tons, payload increased to 7.5 tons.<ref name= "An-32"/> | ||
* '''An-32B-110''' : New avionics allowing aircraft to be operated by two crew members. Metric (Russian) avionics variant.<ref name= | * '''An-32B-110''' : New avionics allowing aircraft to be operated by two crew members. Metric (Russian) avionics variant.<ref name="aviant110"> | ||
[http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32b-110.html "Kyiv Aviation Plant: 'Aviant' Аn-32B–110/120."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808213129/http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32b-110.html |date=2008-08-08 }} ''aviant.ua.'' Retrieved: 12 November 2011. | [http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32b-110.html "Kyiv Aviation Plant: 'Aviant' Аn-32B–110/120."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808213129/http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32b-110.html |date=2008-08-08 }} ''aviant.ua.'' Retrieved: 12 November 2011. | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
* '''An-32B-120''' : Imperial (non-Russian) avionics variant of An-32B-110.<ref name= | * '''An-32B-120''' : Imperial (non-Russian) avionics variant of An-32B-110.<ref name="aviant110"/> | ||
* '''An-32B-300''' : Version fitted with [[Rolls-Royce AE 2100]] turboprop engines, providing 4,600 hp each.<ref> | * '''An-32B-300''' : Version fitted with [[Rolls-Royce AE 2100]] turboprop engines, providing 4,600 hp each.<ref> | ||
[http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32v-300.html "Kyiv Aviation Plant: 'Aviant' – An-32B-300."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220110533/http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32v-300.html |date=2009-02-20 }} ''aviant.ua.'' Retrieved: 12 November 2011. | [http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32v-300.html "Kyiv Aviation Plant: 'Aviant' – An-32B-300."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220110533/http://www.aviant.ua/eng/an-32v-300.html |date=2009-02-20 }} ''aviant.ua.'' Retrieved: 12 November 2011. | ||
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* '''An-32LL''' (''Letayushchaya Laboratoriya'' flying laboratory): The An-32 first prototype was equipped with a large SV-36P eight-bladed propeller and D-236 engine on the port side for testing, in place of the standard engine and propeller. The increased noise produced by the experimental installation (115-120 dB) outweighed the modest gains in performance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://modelgrad.com/akl-201603-aviakollektsia-3-2016-antonov-an-32-cline-twin-engined-turboprop-military-transport-aircraft.html|title=AKL-201603 AviaKollektsia 3 2016: Antonov An-32 Cline Twin-Engined Turboprop Military Transport Aircraft|website=modelgrad.com|language=en|access-date=2017-10-21}}</ref> | * '''An-32LL''' (''Letayushchaya Laboratoriya'' flying laboratory): The An-32 first prototype was equipped with a large SV-36P eight-bladed propeller and D-236 engine on the port side for testing, in place of the standard engine and propeller. The increased noise produced by the experimental installation (115-120 dB) outweighed the modest gains in performance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://modelgrad.com/akl-201603-aviakollektsia-3-2016-antonov-an-32-cline-twin-engined-turboprop-military-transport-aircraft.html|title=AKL-201603 AviaKollektsia 3 2016: Antonov An-32 Cline Twin-Engined Turboprop Military Transport Aircraft|website=modelgrad.com|language=en|access-date=2017-10-21}}</ref> | ||
* '''An-32MP''' : Marine Patrol version.<ref name="AN-32P"/> | * '''An-32MP''' : Marine Patrol version.<ref name="AN-32P"/> | ||
* '''An-32P Firekiller''' : Aerial firefighting version. Special category type certificate granted on 10 March 1995. A total of eight tons of liquid can be discharged from the two external tanks simultaneously or one after the other. Drops are conducted at 40–50 m above ground level and 240 to 260 km/h. Can be used as a cargo aircraft when not fighting fires.<ref name="AN-32P"> | * '''An-32P Firekiller''' : Aerial firefighting version. Special category type certificate granted on 10 March 1995. A total of eight tons of liquid can be discharged from the two external tanks simultaneously or one after the other. Drops are conducted at 40–50 m above ground level and 240 to 260 km/h. Can be used as a cargo aircraft when not fighting fires.<ref name="AN-32P">{{cite web |url=http://www.antonov.com/products/air/special/AN-32p/index.xml |title=An-32P |date=2004 |website=antonov.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430122223/http://www.antonov.com/products/air/special/AN-32p/index.xml |archive-date=April 30, 2008 |url-status=dead |access-date=November 12, 2011 }}</ref> | ||
* '''An-32V-200''' : A tactical transport/cargo aircraft outgrowth from the An-32B-100, with more modern avionics allowing two crew operation. Intended for export; despite reasonable interest few have been sold. | * '''An-32V-200''' : A tactical transport/cargo aircraft outgrowth from the An-32B-100, with more modern avionics allowing two crew operation. Intended for export; despite reasonable interest few have been sold. | ||
* '''An-32 RE''' : Modernised version of the An-32B. MTOW increased to 28.5 tons, payload increased to 7.5 tons.<ref name="An-32"> | * '''An-32 RE''' : Modernised version of the An-32B. MTOW increased to 28.5 tons, payload increased to 7.5 tons.<ref name="An-32">{{cite web |url=http://www.antonov.com/products/air/transport/AN-32/index.xml |title=An-32 |date=2004 |website=antonov.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050906083502/http://www.antonov.com/products/air/transport/AN-32/index.xml |archive-date=September 6, 2005 |access-date=November 12, 2011 }}</ref> New avionics. | ||
==Operators== | ==Operators== | ||
[[File:S3-ACB Bangladesh Air Force An-32 (24081506344) (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Bangladesh Air Force]] Antonov An-32 landing ]] | [[File:S3-ACB Bangladesh Air Force An-32 (24081506344) (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Bangladesh Air Force]] Antonov An-32 landing ]] | ||
[[File: | [[File:An Antonov An-32 of the Indian Air Force.jpg|thumb|The IAF's Antonov An-32 transport aircraft, during the Republic Day Flypast 2024.]] | ||
[[File:Sri Lankan Air Force Antonov An-32B SDS.jpg|thumb|[[Sri Lanka Air Force]] Antonov An-32B.]] | [[File:Sri Lankan Air Force Antonov An-32B SDS.jpg|thumb|[[Sri Lanka Air Force]] Antonov An-32B.]] | ||
[[File:Sun Air Charter Antonov An-32 UA-320-1.jpg|thumbnail|Sun Air Charter An-32 at [[Lokichogio Airport]].]] | [[File:Sun Air Charter Antonov An-32 UA-320-1.jpg|thumbnail|Sun Air Charter An-32 at [[Lokichogio Airport]].]] | ||
[[File:Croatian AN-32B Ruzyne.jpg|thumb|Antonov An-32B of the [[Croatian Air Force]].]] | [[File:Croatian AN-32B Ruzyne.jpg|thumb|Antonov An-32B of the [[Croatian Air Force]].]] | ||
[[File:Mexican Navy Antonov An-32B 2009 Belyakov.jpg|thumb|[[Mexican Navy]] Antonov An-32B taking off at [[Kyiv International Airport]].]] | [[File:Mexican Navy Antonov An-32B 2009 Belyakov.jpg|thumb|[[Mexican Navy]] Antonov An-32B taking off at [[Kyiv International Airport|Kyiv-Zhuliany]] in 2009.]] | ||
===Military operators=== | ===Military operators=== | ||
Besides aircraft in service in the Ukrainian and Russian Air Forces, more than 240 An-32 aircraft are being operated in various countries around the world. | Besides aircraft in service in the Ukrainian and Russian Air Forces, more than 240 An-32 aircraft are being operated in various countries around the world. | ||
[[File:AN-32 cargo plane of the Afghan Air Force.jpg|thumb|right|An Antonov An-32 of the Afghan Air Force]] | |||
{{AFG}} | |||
* At least six were delivered to the [[Afghan Air Force]] from 1987. Three were used by the [[Afghan Armed Forces|Taliban Air Force]].<ref name="awst_20070115">"Aerospace Source Book 2007," ''[[Aviation Week & Space Technology]]'', 15 January 2007.</ref><ref name="jane">Jane's Sentinel Security Assessment, 2001</ref> -2 Units Active in 2024.<ref name="World Air Forces 2025">{{cite web |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=106507 |title= World Air Forces 2025 |publisher= Flightglobal Insight |year= 2024 |access-date= 10 December 2024}}</ref> | |||
{{ANG}} | {{ANG}} | ||
* [[People's Air and Air Defence Force of Angola]]<ref name="fiwaf15 p32">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 8–14 December 2015, p. 32.</ref> Operates seven An-32. | * [[People's Air and Air Defence Force of Angola]]<ref name="fiwaf15 p32">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 8–14 December 2015, p. 32.</ref> Operates seven An-32. | ||
{{BAN}} | {{BAN}} | ||
* [[Bangladesh Air Force]]: Three aircraft received and currently in service with the 3 Squadron 'Unicorns'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flying high in Bangladesh|url=https://www.airinternational.com/article/flying-high-bangladesh|url-status=live|website=Air International}}</ref> Two An-32B & one An-32C.<ref name="fiwaf12 p46">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 46.</ref> Overhauled and upgraded with life extension by ''SE PLANT 410 CA'' of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web |title=SE PLANT 410 CA HANDS OVER THIRD OVERHAULED AND UPGRADED AN-32 AIRCRAFT OF BANGLADESH AIR FORCE | * [[Bangladesh Air Force]]: Three aircraft received and currently in service with the 3 Squadron 'Unicorns'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flying high in Bangladesh|url=https://www.airinternational.com/article/flying-high-bangladesh|url-status=live|website=Air International|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004081724/https://www.airinternational.com/article/flying-high-bangladesh |archive-date=2021-10-04 }}</ref> Two An-32B & one An-32C.<ref name="fiwaf12 p46">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 46.</ref> Overhauled and upgraded with life extension by ''SE PLANT 410 CA'' of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web|title=SE PLANT 410 CA HANDS OVER THIRD OVERHAULED AND UPGRADED AN-32 AIRCRAFT OF BANGLADESH AIR FORCE|url=http://arp410.kiev.ua/en/novyny-2/7180/|website=PLANT 410 CA|access-date=14 December 2020|archive-date=11 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111041259/http://arp410.kiev.ua/en/novyny-2/7180/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
|url=http://arp410.kiev.ua/en/novyny-2/7180/|website=PLANT 410 CA|access-date=14 December 2020}}</ref> | |||
{{COL}} | {{COL}} | ||
* [[Colombian Army]]: Two An-32<ref name="fiwaf12 p49">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 49.</ref> | * [[Colombian National Army Aviation]]: Two An-32<ref name="fiwaf12 p49">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 49.</ref> | ||
{{COG}} | |||
* [[Congolese Air Force]]: 2 in service<ref name="World Air Forces 2022">{{cite web |last = |first = |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-directory-2022/146695.article|title = World Air Forces 2022|publisher= Flightglobal |year= 2022 |doi = |accessdate= 18 July 2022|url-access=registration}}</ref> | |||
{{ETH}} | {{ETH}} | ||
* [[Ethiopian Air Force]]: 1 in service<ref name="World Air Forces 2021">{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=75345|title = World Air Forces 2021|publisher= FlightGlobal |date= 4 December 2020 |access-date= 20 June 2021}}</ref> | * [[Ethiopian Air Force]]: 1 in service<ref name="World Air Forces 2021">{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=75345|title = World Air Forces 2021|publisher= FlightGlobal |date= 4 December 2020 |access-date= 20 June 2021}}</ref> | ||
{{IND}} | {{IND}} | ||
* [[Indian Air Force]]: Bought 125 aircraft, 105 are still in service. Entire fleet is undergoing modernization; 35 upgraded An-32s have been delivered by [[Ukrspetsexport]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/420519/iaf-awaits-039safe039-return-last.html|title=IAF awaits 'safe' return of last batch of AN-32 fleet|work=Deccan Herald|access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref> The upgrades include modern avionics equipment, new oxygen systems and improved crew seats. The remaining aircraft are being upgraded in India. | * [[Indian Air Force]]: Bought 125 aircraft, ~105 are still in service. Entire fleet is undergoing modernization; 35 upgraded An-32s have been delivered by [[Ukrspetsexport]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/420519/iaf-awaits-039safe039-return-last.html|title=IAF awaits 'safe' return of last batch of AN-32 fleet|work=Deccan Herald|access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref> The upgrades include modern avionics equipment, new oxygen systems and improved crew seats. The remaining aircraft are being upgraded in India. These will be replaced with the Medium Transport Aircraft (MTA) programme.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Ritu |date=2024-02-09 |title=Lockheed, Airbus 'Fight It Out' For Multi-Billion Indian Aircraft Deal; Embraer 'Scores Goal' With Mahindra Contract |url=https://www.eurasiantimes.com/lockheed-airbus-fight-it-out-for-multi-billion-indian/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News |language=en-US}}</ref> As of 2024, IAF has plans to upgrade another 60 An-32s within India by FY2028-29, at the rate of 15 per overhaul cycle, led by 1 Base Repair Depot, [[Kanpur]] and 3 Base Repair Depot, [[Chandigarh]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohan |first=Vijay |date=2024-05-10 |title=Indian Air Force draws up roadmap to outsource overhaul of 60 AN-32 aircraft to the industry |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/indian-air-force-draws-up-roadmap-to-outsource-overhaul-of-60-an-32-aircraft-to-the-industry-619923 |website=[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]]}}</ref> | ||
{{IRQ}} | {{IRQ}} | ||
* [[Iraqi Air Force]]: Six delivered | * [[Iraqi Air Force]]: Six An-32B delivered from [[Ukraine]] between November 2011 and October 2012, initially used by the [[23rd Squadron (Iraq)|23rd Squadron]] alongside [[C-130]]s. In May 2013, the [[3rd Squadron (Iraq)|33rd Squadron]] was created to operate Iraq's An-32 fleet.<ref>{{harvnb|Delalande|2016|p=30}}</ref> | ||
{{MEX}} | {{MEX}} | ||
* [[Mexican Air Force]]: One An-32.<ref name="fiwaf12 p55">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 55.</ref> | * [[Mexican Air Force]]: One An-32.<ref name="fiwaf12 p55">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 55.</ref> | ||
* [[Mexican | * [[Mexican Naval Aviation]]: One An-32B.<ref name="fiwaf12 p55"/> | ||
{{PER}} | {{PER}} | ||
* [[Peruvian Air Force]]<ref name="fiwaf12 p57">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 57.</ref> Three An-32 | * [[Peruvian Air Force]]<ref name="fiwaf12 p57">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 57.</ref> Three An-32 | ||
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===Former military operators=== | ===Former military operators=== | ||
[[File: | [[File:An-32 (12549136855).jpg|thumb|A Libyan An-32 in 2009]] | ||
{{ARM}} | {{ARM}} | ||
* [[Armenian Air Force]] One An-32 | * [[Armenian Air Force]] One An-32 | ||
{{CRO}} | {{CRO}} | ||
* [[Croatian Air Force]]: Operated two An-32B's.<ref name="fiwaf12 p49"/> Modernized in 2004 and subsequently retired and put up for sale in 2014 after being declared redundant. | * [[Croatian Air Force]]: Operated two An-32B's.<ref name="fiwaf12 p49"/> Modernized in 2004 and subsequently retired and put up for sale in 2014 after being declared redundant. Both were transferred to Ukraine in 2023/24. | ||
{{CIV}} | {{CIV}} | ||
* [[Military of Ivory Coast]] one An-32 | * [[Military of Ivory Coast]] one An-32 | ||
{{EQG}} | {{EQG}} | ||
* [[Military of Equatorial Guinea|Air Force of Equatorial Guinea]]<ref name="fiwaf12 p50">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 50.</ref> One An-32 lost in crash in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.1001crash.com/index-page-description-accident-AN32_egng-lg-2-crash-218.html|title=Accident of an Antonov 32 operated by Equatorial Guinea National Guard - Annobón, Equatorial Guinea|website=1001crash.com}}</ref> | * [[Military of Equatorial Guinea|Air Force of Equatorial Guinea]]<ref name="fiwaf12 p50">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 50.</ref> One An-32 lost in crash in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.1001crash.com/index-page-description-accident-AN32_egng-lg-2-crash-218.html|title=Accident of an Antonov 32 operated by Equatorial Guinea National Guard - Annobón, Equatorial Guinea|website=1001crash.com|date=16 April 2008 }}</ref> | ||
{{JOR}} | {{JOR}} | ||
* [[Jordanian Air Force]] | * [[Jordanian Air Force]] | ||
{{ | {{flag|Libya|1977}} | ||
* [[Libyan Air Force (1951-2011)|Libyan Air Force]] | * [[Libyan Air Force (1951-2011)|Libyan Air Force]] | ||
{{RWA}} | {{RWA}} | ||
* [[Military of Rwanda]] | * [[Military of Rwanda]] | ||
| Line 126: | Line 128: | ||
===Civil operators=== | ===Civil operators=== | ||
In July 2016, a total of 25 Antonov An-32 aircraft remained in [[airline]] service. The largest operator was | In July 2016, a total of 25 Antonov An-32 aircraft remained in [[airline]] service. The largest operator was Aero Transporte S.A (ATSA) of Peru with four aircraft. Some 16 other airlines operated smaller numbers of the type.<ref>Thisdell and Farfard ''Flight International'' 9–15 August 2016, pp. 28–29.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/an32-transport/|title=Antonov An-32 Light Multipurpose Transport Aircraft|website=www.airforce-technology.com}}</ref> | ||
==Accidents and incidents== | ==Accidents and incidents== | ||
* On 25 March 1986, an | * On 25 March 1986, an Indian Air Force An-32 disappeared over the [[Arabian Sea]] on a delivery flight from the [[Soviet Union]] (via [[Muscat International Airport|Muscat]], [[Oman]].) No trace was ever found of the aircraft or its three crew and four passengers.<ref name=Muscat>[https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19860325-1 "ASN Aircraft accident: Antonov 32 K2729 Jamnagar, India."] ''Aviation Safety Network,'' 2004. Retrieved: 27 June 2011.</ref> | ||
* On 15 July 1990, an [[Indian Air Force]] An-32 crashed in the [[Ponmudi|Ponmudi Mountain Range]] while en route from [[Tambaram Air Force Station]] to [[Thiruvananthapuram]] in India.<ref>[ | * On 15 July 1990, an [[Indian Air Force]] An-32 crashed in the [[Ponmudi|Ponmudi Mountain Range]] while en route from [[Tambaram Air Force Station]] to [[Thiruvananthapuram]] in India.<ref>[https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19900715-0 "ASN Aircraft accident: Antonov 32 K2705 Ponmudi, India."] ''Aviation Safety Network,'' Retrieved: 23 July 2016.</ref> | ||
* On 22 November 1995, a [[Sri Lankan Air Force]] An-32B which chartered from the [[Kazakhstan|Kazakh]] was shot down during a landing in [[Jaffna]], and all 63 troops aboard killed.{{ | * On 22 November 1995, a [[Sri Lankan Air Force]] An-32B which chartered from the [[Kazakhstan|Kazakh]] was shot down during a landing in [[Jaffna]], and all 63 troops aboard killed.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} | ||
* On 8 January 1996, an [[1996 Air Africa crash|An-32 freighter crashed | * On 8 January 1996, an [[1996 Air Africa crash|An-32 freighter crashed into a crowded marketplace]] in [[Kinshasa]], [[Zaire]], resulting in the deaths of approximately 237 people on the ground. The crew attempted to abort the takeoff at [[N'Dolo Airport|Kinshasa-N'Dolo Airport]] after the aircraft failed to gain height. Four of the six crew members survived. Overloading was cited as a possible cause.<ref>[https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19960108-0 "ASN Aircraft accident: Antonov 32B."] ''Aviation Safety Network,'' 2004. Retrieved: 27 June 2011.</ref> | ||
* On 12 February 1998, a [[1998 Sudanese Air Force Antonov An-32 crash|Sudanese Air Force An-32]] carrying 51 on board, overrun the runway after landing, crashing on river, killing 26 of the 57 on board, among them several of the country's most senior government leaders, including the [[Vice President of Sudan|Vice-President]] [[Zubair Mohamed Salih]]. | |||
* On 28 March 1998, a [[Peruvian Air Force]] An-32 carrying the dual civil/military registration OB-1389/FAP-388 and inbound from [[Tumbes, Peru|Tumbes]] evacuating 50 people stranded by [[El Niño]]-driven floods had an engine failure while approaching [[Cap. FAP Guillermo Concha Iberico International Airport|Piura]]. As the aircraft was overloaded, the pilot could not maintain height and the An-32 struck three houses of a nearby shantytown and crashed into a canal. While the crew of five survived, 21 passengers died plus one person on the ground.<ref>Glave, Fernando Braschi. [http://aviation-safety.net/photos/displayphoto.php?id=19980328-0&vnr=1&kind=C "Photo of Antonov 32 OB-1389."] ''Aviation Safety Network,'' 2004. Retrieved: 17 November 2012.</ref> | * On 28 March 1998, a [[Peruvian Air Force]] An-32 carrying the dual civil/military registration OB-1389/FAP-388 and inbound from [[Tumbes, Peru|Tumbes]] evacuating 50 people stranded by [[El Niño]]-driven floods had an engine failure while approaching [[Cap. FAP Guillermo Concha Iberico International Airport|Piura]]. As the aircraft was overloaded, the pilot could not maintain height and the An-32 struck three houses of a nearby shantytown and crashed into a canal. While the crew of five survived, 21 passengers died plus one person on the ground.<ref>Glave, Fernando Braschi. [http://aviation-safety.net/photos/displayphoto.php?id=19980328-0&vnr=1&kind=C "Photo of Antonov 32 OB-1389."] ''Aviation Safety Network,'' 2004. Retrieved: 17 November 2012.</ref> | ||
* On 26 August 2007, a [[Great Lakes Business Company]] An-32B carrying nine tons of minerals, 12 passengers, and a crew of three experienced engine trouble after takeoff from [[Kongolo Airport]], [[Kongolo, Katanga|Kongolo]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], and | * On 26 August 2007, a [[Great Lakes Business Company]] An-32B carrying nine tons of minerals, 12 passengers, and a crew of three experienced engine trouble after takeoff from [[Kongolo Airport]], [[Kongolo, Katanga|Kongolo]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], and crashed short of the runway while attempting to return to the airport, killing 14 of the 15 people on board.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20070826-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident Antonov 32B 9Q-CAC Kongolo Airport (KOO)|date=26 August 2007|work=aviation-safety.net|access-date=3 July 2015}}</ref> | ||
* On 10 June 2009, an Indian Air Force An-32 carrying 13 people crashed shortly after it took off from [[Mechuka#Mechuka Airport|Mechuka]] in [[Arunachal Pradesh]], a state bordering China.<ref>[http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090611/jsp/nation/story_11094341.jsp "IAF plane crash over Arunachal Pradesh."] ''telegraphindia.com.'' Retrieved: 29 June 2011.</ref> All 13 people on board were reported to have been killed. Soon after the crash, India agreed a $US400 million deal with [[Ukraine]] for an An-32 fleet upgrade. This upgrade as reported will extend the life of these transport aircraft by nearly 15 years.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121024025140/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-06-18/india/28204556_1_iaf-india-inks-ferry-troops-and-supplies "India inks AN-32 upgrade deal with Ukraine."] ''Times of India.'' Retrieved: 29 June 2011.</ref> | * On 11 April 2008, [[Kata Air Transport Flight 007|Kata Air Transport Flight 7]], a An-32, crashed during return the airport caused engine failure, killing all 8 on board. | ||
* On 12 December 2014, a Sri Lanka Air Force An-32 carrying five people crashed on approach to land at [[ | * On 10 June 2009, an Indian Air Force An-32 carrying 13 people crashed shortly after it took off from [[Mechuka#Mechuka Airport|Mechuka]] in [[Arunachal Pradesh]], a state bordering China.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120917120216/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090611/jsp/nation/story_11094341.jsp "IAF plane crash over Arunachal Pradesh."] ''telegraphindia.com.'' Retrieved: 29 June 2011.</ref> All 13 people on board were reported to have been killed. Soon after the crash, India agreed a $US400 million deal with [[Ukraine]] for an An-32 fleet upgrade. This upgrade as reported will extend the life of these transport aircraft by nearly 15 years.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121024025140/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-06-18/india/28204556_1_iaf-india-inks-ferry-troops-and-supplies "India inks AN-32 upgrade deal with Ukraine."] ''Times of India.'' Retrieved: 29 June 2011.</ref> | ||
* On 22 July 2016, an [[2016 Indian Air Force An-32 disappearance|Indian Air Force An-32]] travelling from [[Chennai]] to [[Port Blair]] went missing above the [[Bay of Bengal]] with 29 people on board. It left the [[Tambaram Air Base]] near Chennai at 8.30 am and disappeared from radar tracking at 9.12 am, 280 km east of Chennai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/fears-grow-as-indian-air-force-an-32-remains-untraceable-1435311|title=Fears Grow As Indian Air Force AN-32 Remains Untraceable|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> | * On 12 December 2014, a Sri Lanka Air Force An-32 carrying five people crashed on approach to land at [[Ratmalana Airport]] after taking off from [[Bandaranayake International Airport|Katunayaka Bandaranayake International Airport]]. The pilot, co-pilot and two of the aircrew were killed in the crash and the fifth crew member suffered critical injuries and died after six days from the accident due to his injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20141212-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident Antonov 32B SCM-864 Hokandara|date=12 December 2014|work=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.dailymirror.lk/58779/plane-crash-in-athurugiriya | title=Plane crash in Athurugiriya | work=[[Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka)|Daily Mirror]] | date=12 December 2014 | access-date=12 December 2014}}</ref> | ||
* On 22 July 2016, an [[2016 Indian Air Force An-32 disappearance|Indian Air Force An-32]] (Registration - K2743) travelling from [[Chennai]] to [[Port Blair]] went missing above the [[Bay of Bengal]] with 29 people on board. It left the [[Tambaram Air Base]] near Chennai at 8.30 am and disappeared from radar tracking at 9.12 am, 280 km east of Chennai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/fears-grow-as-indian-air-force-an-32-remains-untraceable-1435311|title=Fears Grow As Indian Air Force AN-32 Remains Untraceable|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> On 12 January 2024, the [[Ministry of Defence (India)]] announced that the wreckage of the missing aircraft had been found in a recent search operation in collaboration with the [[National Institute of Ocean Technology]]. The wreckage was found at a depth of {{Convert|3400|m|ft}} and at a distance of 140 nautical miles (310 km) from the coast of [[Chennai]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-12 |title=Wreckage of IAF's AN-32 aircraft traced seven-and-a-half years after it went missing |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/wreckage-of-iafs-an-32-aircraft-traced-seven-and-a-half-years-after-it-went-missing/articleshow/106768753.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-01-12 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> It was found by a ship on a research mission in the nearby areas and stumbled upon during calibration of Instruments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=These Scientists, Machine, Helped Solve Air Force's 8-Year-Old Mystery |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/these-scientists-machine-helped-solve-air-forces-8-year-old-mystery-5100619 |access-date=2024-02-21 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> | |||
* On 3 October 2018 a [[Sudan Air Force]] An-32 collided with an [[Antonov An-30]] (also of the Sudan Air Force) at [[Khartoum International Airport]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.airlive.net/breaking-two-antonov-aircraft-have-collided-on-the-ground-at-khartoum-airport-sudan/|title=BREAKING Two Antonov aircraft have collided on the ground at Khartoum Airport, Sudan|work=Airlive Contributors|access-date=2018-10-03|language=en}}</ref> | * On 3 October 2018 a [[Sudan Air Force]] An-32 collided with an [[Antonov An-30]] (also of the Sudan Air Force) at [[Khartoum International Airport]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.airlive.net/breaking-two-antonov-aircraft-have-collided-on-the-ground-at-khartoum-airport-sudan/|title=BREAKING Two Antonov aircraft have collided on the ground at Khartoum Airport, Sudan|work=Airlive Contributors|access-date=2018-10-03|language=en}}</ref> | ||
* On 3 June 2019, [[2019 Indian Air Force An-32 crash|an Indian Air Force An-32]] went missing near [[Arunachal Pradesh]] shortly after taking off from [[Jorhat Airport|Jorhat Air Base]] in [[Assam]] in northeastern India. The wreckage of the aircraft was found in Arunachal Pradesh eight days later with 13 found dead on board.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/all-13-bodies-black-box-of-an-32-aircraft-retrieved/articleshow/69773733.cms|title=All 13 bodies, black box of AN-32 aircraft retrieved - Times of India|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-06-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/missing-an-32-jet-found-in-arunachal-pradesh-1546574-2019-06-11 |title=Missing An-32 Jet Found in Arunachal Pradesh, 13 personnel of IAF feared killed |website=India Today|access-date=2019-06-11}}</ref> | * On 3 June 2019, [[2019 Indian Air Force An-32 crash|an Indian Air Force An-32]] went missing near [[Arunachal Pradesh]] shortly after taking off from [[Jorhat Airport|Jorhat Air Base]] in [[Assam]] in northeastern India. The wreckage of the aircraft was found in Arunachal Pradesh eight days later with 13 found dead on board.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/all-13-bodies-black-box-of-an-32-aircraft-retrieved/articleshow/69773733.cms|title=All 13 bodies, black box of AN-32 aircraft retrieved - Times of India|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-06-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/missing-an-32-jet-found-in-arunachal-pradesh-1546574-2019-06-11 |title=Missing An-32 Jet Found in Arunachal Pradesh, 13 personnel of IAF feared killed |website=India Today|date=11 June 2019 |access-date=2019-06-11}}</ref> | ||
==Specifications (An-32)== | ==Specifications (An-32)== | ||
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|thrust/weight= | |thrust/weight= | ||
|more performance=<!--</ | |more performance=<!--<br /> | ||
*'''Take-off run:''' {{cvt||m|0}} | *'''Take-off run:''' {{cvt||m|0}} | ||
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<ref name="AirInternational">{{cite magazine|last=Allport|first=Dave|title=Military Transport Aircraft Directory (Part 2)|journal=[[Air International]]|date=April 1996|volume= 50|issue= 4|pages= 239}}</ref> | <ref name="AirInternational">{{cite magazine|last=Allport|first=Dave|title=Military Transport Aircraft Directory (Part 2)|journal=[[Air International]]|date=April 1996|volume= 50|issue= 4|pages= 239}}</ref> | ||
}} | }} | ||
===Bibliography=== | ===Bibliography=== | ||
{{Refbegin}} | {{Refbegin}} | ||
* {{cite book |last1=Delalande |first1=Arnaud |title=Iraqi Air Power Reborn, The Iraqi air arms since 2004 |date=2016 |publisher= Harpia Publishing |location=Houston |isbn=978-0-9854554-7-7}} | |||
* Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". ''[[Flight International]]'', Vol. 182 No. 5370. 11–17 December 2012. pp. 40–64. ISSN 0015-3710. | * Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". ''[[Flight International]]'', Vol. 182 No. 5370. 11–17 December 2012. pp. 40–64. ISSN 0015-3710. | ||
* Hoyle | * {{Citation | last = Hoyle | first = Craig | author-mask = 3 | title = World Air Forces Directory | work = Flight International | volume = 184 | number = 5419 | date = 10–16 December 2013 | pages = 24–51 | ISSN = 0015-3710}}. | ||
* Hoyle | * {{Citation | last = Hoyle | first = Craig | author-mask = 3 | title = World Air Forces Directory | work = Flight International | volume = 188 | number = 5517 | date = 8–14 December 2015 | pages = 26–53 | ISSN = 0015-3710}}. | ||
* Taylor, John, W.R. ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89.'' London: Jane's Information Group, 1988. {{ISBN|0-7106-0867-5}}. | * Taylor, John, W.R. ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89.'' London: Jane's Information Group, 1988. {{ISBN|0-7106-0867-5}}. | ||
* Thisdell, Dan and Fafard, Antoine. "World Airliner Census". ''Flight International'', Volume 190, No. 5550, 9–15 August 2016. pp. 20–43. {{ISSN|0015-3710}} | * Thisdell, Dan and Fafard, Antoine. "World Airliner Census". ''Flight International'', Volume 190, No. 5550, 9–15 August 2016. pp. 20–43. {{ISSN|0015-3710}} | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category}} | |||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120821170050/http://www.antonov.com/aircraft/transport-aircraft/an-32 Official Page] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120821170050/http://www.antonov.com/aircraft/transport-aircraft/an-32 Official Page] | ||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090220180526/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Images/main.php?g2_itemId=147 Indian Air Force AN-32 Image Gallery] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090220180526/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Images/main.php?g2_itemId=147 Indian Air Force AN-32 Image Gallery] | ||
{{Antonov aircraft}} | {{Antonov aircraft}} | ||
{{NATO transport reporting names}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Antonov An-032}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Antonov An-032}} | ||
[[Category:Antonov aircraft|An-032]] | |||
[[Category:1970s Soviet cargo aircraft]] | [[Category:1970s Soviet cargo aircraft]] | ||
[[Category:1970s Soviet military transport aircraft]] | [[Category:1970s Soviet military transport aircraft]] | ||
[[Category:India–Soviet Union relations]] | [[Category:India–Soviet Union relations]] | ||
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[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1976]] | [[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1976]] | ||
[[Category:Twin-turboprop tractor aircraft]] | [[Category:Twin-turboprop tractor aircraft]] | ||
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]] | |||
Latest revision as of 08:49, 27 February 2026
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2025) |
The Antonov An-32 (NATO reporting name: Cline) is a turboprop twin-engined military transport aircraft. Its first flight was in July 1976 and was displayed at the 1977 Paris Air Show. A variant of the An-24, it was given upgraded equipment and more powerful Ivchenko AI-20 engines, and is oriented towards flying in adverse weather conditions. The aircraft was produced from 1980 to 2012, and remains in service. It is the fourth member of the Antonov An-24 family, succeeding the An-24, An-30 and An-26, and coming before the cancelled An-132.
Design and development[edit | edit source]
The An-32 is essentially a re-engined An-26. It is designed to withstand adverse weather conditions better than the standard An-26. Announced at the May 1977 Paris Air Show, the An-32 is distinguished from its predecessor by engines raised 1.5 m above the wing in order to avoid foreign object damage on rough, unprepared airstrips.
The type features high-lift wings with automatic leading-edge slats, large triple-slotted trailing edge flaps and an enlarged tailplane and a very large increase in power, giving improved take-off performance and service ceiling. The high placement of the engine nacelles above the wing allowed for larger diameter propellers, which are driven by 5,100 hp rated Ivchenko AI-20 turboprop engines, providing almost twice the power of the An-26's AI-24 powerplants.[1][2]
Production from the Government Aircraft Factory in Kyiv, has included 123 aircraft for the Indian Air Force, which ordered the aircraft under strong foreign relations between then USSR leader Leonid Brezhnev and then India leader Indira Gandhi.[1][2]
The majority of production has been for the Russian and Ukrainian Air Forces, with around 40 per year being built during the late 1980s to early 1990s.[1] The estimated price for a modernised An-32 version is 15 million US dollars.[2]
The last An-32 was produced in 2012.[citation needed]
Production data[edit | edit source]
| Total | 1976 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 2005 | 2007 | 2008 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 373 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 29 | 31 | 26 | 54 | 28 | 48 | 11 | 49 | 47 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
Operational history[edit | edit source]
The An-32 has outstanding takeoff characteristics in hot and high conditions, up to 55 °C (131 °F) and 4,500 m (14,800 ft) elevation, and is suitable for use as a medium tactical military transport roles as well as commercial roles. Operating as a cargo transport over the short and medium range air routes, the An-32 is suitable for air-dropping cargo, passenger carrying, medevac, firefighting, skydiving or paratrooping roles.
The An-32 entered service in the 1980s and served with the air forces of Ukraine, Russia, Bangladesh Air Force, the Indian Air Force, the Iraqi Air Force, the Mexican Air Force and the Sudanese Air Force.[citation needed]
In 2014, the Iraqi Air Force used its An-32B as bombers against the ISIS in response to the Islamic State invasion of Iraq.[4]
Variants[edit | edit source]
- An-32 : Twin-engined transport aircraft
- An-32A : The first civil variant, the majority of the 36 aircraft built were delivered to various government factory enterprises, for use in transporting assemblies between plants.
- An-32B : Improved version
- An-32B-100 : Modernised version of the An-32B. Maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) increased to 28.5 tons, payload increased to 7.5 tons.[5]
- An-32B-110 : New avionics allowing aircraft to be operated by two crew members. Metric (Russian) avionics variant.[6]
- An-32B-120 : Imperial (non-Russian) avionics variant of An-32B-110.[6]
- An-32B-300 : Version fitted with Rolls-Royce AE 2100 turboprop engines, providing 4,600 hp each.[7]
- An-32LL (Letayushchaya Laboratoriya flying laboratory): The An-32 first prototype was equipped with a large SV-36P eight-bladed propeller and D-236 engine on the port side for testing, in place of the standard engine and propeller. The increased noise produced by the experimental installation (115-120 dB) outweighed the modest gains in performance.[8]
- An-32MP : Marine Patrol version.[9]
- An-32P Firekiller : Aerial firefighting version. Special category type certificate granted on 10 March 1995. A total of eight tons of liquid can be discharged from the two external tanks simultaneously or one after the other. Drops are conducted at 40–50 m above ground level and 240 to 260 km/h. Can be used as a cargo aircraft when not fighting fires.[9]
- An-32V-200 : A tactical transport/cargo aircraft outgrowth from the An-32B-100, with more modern avionics allowing two crew operation. Intended for export; despite reasonable interest few have been sold.
- An-32 RE : Modernised version of the An-32B. MTOW increased to 28.5 tons, payload increased to 7.5 tons.[5] New avionics.
Operators[edit | edit source]
_(cropped).jpg)
Military operators[edit | edit source]
Besides aircraft in service in the Ukrainian and Russian Air Forces, more than 240 An-32 aircraft are being operated in various countries around the world.
File:Flag of Afghanistan.svg Afghanistan
- At least six were delivered to the Afghan Air Force from 1987. Three were used by the Taliban Air Force.[10][11] -2 Units Active in 2024.[12]
- People's Air and Air Defence Force of Angola[13] Operates seven An-32.
- Bangladesh Air Force: Three aircraft received and currently in service with the 3 Squadron 'Unicorns'.[14] Two An-32B & one An-32C.[15] Overhauled and upgraded with life extension by SE PLANT 410 CA of Ukraine.[16]
- Colombian National Army Aviation: Two An-32[17]
- Congolese Air Force: 2 in service[18]
- Ethiopian Air Force: 1 in service[19]
- Indian Air Force: Bought 125 aircraft, ~105 are still in service. Entire fleet is undergoing modernization; 35 upgraded An-32s have been delivered by Ukrspetsexport.[20] The upgrades include modern avionics equipment, new oxygen systems and improved crew seats. The remaining aircraft are being upgraded in India. These will be replaced with the Medium Transport Aircraft (MTA) programme.[21] As of 2024, IAF has plans to upgrade another 60 An-32s within India by FY2028-29, at the rate of 15 per overhaul cycle, led by 1 Base Repair Depot, Kanpur and 3 Base Repair Depot, Chandigarh.[22]
- Iraqi Air Force: Six An-32B delivered from Ukraine between November 2011 and October 2012, initially used by the 23rd Squadron alongside C-130s. In May 2013, the 33rd Squadron was created to operate Iraq's An-32 fleet.[23]
- Mexican Air Force: One An-32.[24]
- Mexican Naval Aviation: One An-32B.[24]
- Peruvian Air Force[25] Three An-32
- Peruvian Army[25] Two An-32B
- Peruvian Naval Aviation[25] One An-32B formerly from Hungary
- Sri Lanka Air Force[26] Four An-32
- Sudanese Air Force[26] Six An-32
Former military operators[edit | edit source]
.jpg)
- Armenian Air Force One An-32
- Croatian Air Force: Operated two An-32B's.[17] Modernized in 2004 and subsequently retired and put up for sale in 2014 after being declared redundant. Both were transferred to Ukraine in 2023/24.
- Military of Ivory Coast one An-32
- Air Force of Equatorial Guinea[27] One An-32 lost in crash in 2008.[28]
Civil operators[edit | edit source]
In July 2016, a total of 25 Antonov An-32 aircraft remained in airline service. The largest operator was Aero Transporte S.A (ATSA) of Peru with four aircraft. Some 16 other airlines operated smaller numbers of the type.[29][30]
Accidents and incidents[edit | edit source]
- On 25 March 1986, an Indian Air Force An-32 disappeared over the Arabian Sea on a delivery flight from the Soviet Union (via Muscat, Oman.) No trace was ever found of the aircraft or its three crew and four passengers.[31]
- On 15 July 1990, an Indian Air Force An-32 crashed in the Ponmudi Mountain Range while en route from Tambaram Air Force Station to Thiruvananthapuram in India.[32]
- On 22 November 1995, a Sri Lankan Air Force An-32B which chartered from the Kazakh was shot down during a landing in Jaffna, and all 63 troops aboard killed.[citation needed]
- On 8 January 1996, an An-32 freighter crashed into a crowded marketplace in Kinshasa, Zaire, resulting in the deaths of approximately 237 people on the ground. The crew attempted to abort the takeoff at Kinshasa-N'Dolo Airport after the aircraft failed to gain height. Four of the six crew members survived. Overloading was cited as a possible cause.[33]
- On 12 February 1998, a Sudanese Air Force An-32 carrying 51 on board, overrun the runway after landing, crashing on river, killing 26 of the 57 on board, among them several of the country's most senior government leaders, including the Vice-President Zubair Mohamed Salih.
- On 28 March 1998, a Peruvian Air Force An-32 carrying the dual civil/military registration OB-1389/FAP-388 and inbound from Tumbes evacuating 50 people stranded by El Niño-driven floods had an engine failure while approaching Piura. As the aircraft was overloaded, the pilot could not maintain height and the An-32 struck three houses of a nearby shantytown and crashed into a canal. While the crew of five survived, 21 passengers died plus one person on the ground.[34]
- On 26 August 2007, a Great Lakes Business Company An-32B carrying nine tons of minerals, 12 passengers, and a crew of three experienced engine trouble after takeoff from Kongolo Airport, Kongolo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and crashed short of the runway while attempting to return to the airport, killing 14 of the 15 people on board.[35]
- On 11 April 2008, Kata Air Transport Flight 7, a An-32, crashed during return the airport caused engine failure, killing all 8 on board.
- On 10 June 2009, an Indian Air Force An-32 carrying 13 people crashed shortly after it took off from Mechuka in Arunachal Pradesh, a state bordering China.[36] All 13 people on board were reported to have been killed. Soon after the crash, India agreed a $US400 million deal with Ukraine for an An-32 fleet upgrade. This upgrade as reported will extend the life of these transport aircraft by nearly 15 years.[37]
- On 12 December 2014, a Sri Lanka Air Force An-32 carrying five people crashed on approach to land at Ratmalana Airport after taking off from Katunayaka Bandaranayake International Airport. The pilot, co-pilot and two of the aircrew were killed in the crash and the fifth crew member suffered critical injuries and died after six days from the accident due to his injuries.[38][39]
- On 22 July 2016, an Indian Air Force An-32 (Registration - K2743) travelling from Chennai to Port Blair went missing above the Bay of Bengal with 29 people on board. It left the Tambaram Air Base near Chennai at 8.30 am and disappeared from radar tracking at 9.12 am, 280 km east of Chennai.[40] On 12 January 2024, the Ministry of Defence (India) announced that the wreckage of the missing aircraft had been found in a recent search operation in collaboration with the National Institute of Ocean Technology. The wreckage was found at a depth of 3,400 metres (11,200 ft) and at a distance of 140 nautical miles (310 km) from the coast of Chennai.[41] It was found by a ship on a research mission in the nearby areas and stumbled upon during calibration of Instruments.[42]
- On 3 October 2018 a Sudan Air Force An-32 collided with an Antonov An-30 (also of the Sudan Air Force) at Khartoum International Airport.[43]
- On 3 June 2019, an Indian Air Force An-32 went missing near Arunachal Pradesh shortly after taking off from Jorhat Air Base in Assam in northeastern India. The wreckage of the aircraft was found in Arunachal Pradesh eight days later with 13 found dead on board.[44][45]
Specifications (An-32)[edit | edit source]
Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89[46]
General characteristics
- Crew: 4
- Capacity: 42 paratroopers/50 passengers/24 Casualties on stretcher with three medical personnel / 6,700 kg (14,771 lb) max payload
- Length: 23.78 m (78 ft 0 in)
- Wingspan: 29.2 m (95 ft 10 in)
- Height: 8.75 m (28 ft 8 in)
- Wing area: 75 m2 (810 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 16,800 kg (37,038 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 27,000 kg (59,525 lb)
- Powerplant: 2 × ZMKB Progress AI-20DM turboprop engines, 3,812 kW (5,112 hp) each
- Propellers: 4-bladed constant speed propellers
Performance
- Maximum speed: 530 km/h (330 mph, 290 kn)
- Cruise speed: 470 km/h (290 mph, 250 kn)
- Range: 2,500 km (1,600 mi, 1,300 nmi) with 3,700 kg (8,160 lb) payload, no reserves
- Service ceiling: 9,500 m (31,200 ft)
See also[edit | edit source]
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Allport, Dave (April 1996). "Military Transport Aircraft Directory (Part 2)". Air International. Vol. 50, no. 4. p. 239.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Antonov An-32. "Ан нет, Ан есть. Украина «нашла» потерянные индийские Ан-32." [1] 20 April 2015.
- ↑ "реестр самолётов типа Антонов Ан-32". russianplanes.net. Archived from the original on 2015-09-10.
- ↑ Trevithick, Joseph (23 April 2018). "Iraq's An-32 Cargo Planes Turned Bombers Flew Nearly Twice As Many Strikes As its F-16s". TWZ.com. Retrieved 5 January 2026.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "An-32". antonov.com. 2004. Archived from the original on September 6, 2005. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Kyiv Aviation Plant: 'Aviant' Аn-32B–110/120." Archived 2008-08-08 at the Wayback Machine aviant.ua. Retrieved: 12 November 2011.
- ↑ "Kyiv Aviation Plant: 'Aviant' – An-32B-300." Archived 2009-02-20 at the Wayback Machine aviant.ua. Retrieved: 12 November 2011.
- ↑ "AKL-201603 AviaKollektsia 3 2016: Antonov An-32 Cline Twin-Engined Turboprop Military Transport Aircraft". modelgrad.com. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "An-32P". antonov.com. 2004. Archived from the original on April 30, 2008. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
- ↑ "Aerospace Source Book 2007," Aviation Week & Space Technology, 15 January 2007.
- ↑ Jane's Sentinel Security Assessment, 2001
- ↑ "World Air Forces 2025". Flightglobal Insight. 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 32.
- ↑ "Flying high in Bangladesh". Air International. Archived from the original on 2021-10-04.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 11–17 December 2012, p. 46.
- ↑ "SE PLANT 410 CA HANDS OVER THIRD OVERHAULED AND UPGRADED AN-32 AIRCRAFT OF BANGLADESH AIR FORCE". PLANT 410 CA. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Hoyle Flight International 11–17 December 2012, p. 49.
- ↑ "World Air Forces 2022". Flightglobal. 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ↑ "World Air Forces 2021". FlightGlobal. 4 December 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
- ↑ "IAF awaits 'safe' return of last batch of AN-32 fleet". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
- ↑ Sharma, Ritu (2024-02-09). "Lockheed, Airbus 'Fight It Out' For Multi-Billion Indian Aircraft Deal; Embraer 'Scores Goal' With Mahindra Contract". Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News. Retrieved 2024-02-11.
- ↑ Mohan, Vijay (2024-05-10). "Indian Air Force draws up roadmap to outsource overhaul of 60 AN-32 aircraft to the industry". The Tribune.
- ↑ Delalande 2016, p. 30
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 Hoyle Flight International 11–17 December 2012, p. 55.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Hoyle Flight International 11–17 December 2012, p. 57.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Hoyle Flight International 11–17 December 2012, p. 60.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 11–17 December 2012, p. 50.
- ↑ "Accident of an Antonov 32 operated by Equatorial Guinea National Guard - Annobón, Equatorial Guinea". 1001crash.com. 16 April 2008.
- ↑ Thisdell and Farfard Flight International 9–15 August 2016, pp. 28–29.
- ↑ "Antonov An-32 Light Multipurpose Transport Aircraft". www.airforce-technology.com.
- ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident: Antonov 32 K2729 Jamnagar, India." Aviation Safety Network, 2004. Retrieved: 27 June 2011.
- ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident: Antonov 32 K2705 Ponmudi, India." Aviation Safety Network, Retrieved: 23 July 2016.
- ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident: Antonov 32B." Aviation Safety Network, 2004. Retrieved: 27 June 2011.
- ↑ Glave, Fernando Braschi. "Photo of Antonov 32 OB-1389." Aviation Safety Network, 2004. Retrieved: 17 November 2012.
- ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Antonov 32B 9Q-CAC Kongolo Airport (KOO)". aviation-safety.net. 26 August 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
- ↑ "IAF plane crash over Arunachal Pradesh." telegraphindia.com. Retrieved: 29 June 2011.
- ↑ "India inks AN-32 upgrade deal with Ukraine." Times of India. Retrieved: 29 June 2011.
- ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Antonov 32B SCM-864 Hokandara". aviation-safety.net. 12 December 2014.
- ↑ "Plane crash in Athurugiriya". Daily Mirror. 12 December 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
- ↑ "Fears Grow As Indian Air Force AN-32 Remains Untraceable". NDTV.com.
- ↑ "Wreckage of IAF's AN-32 aircraft traced seven-and-a-half years after it went missing". The Times of India. 2024-01-12. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2024-01-12.
- ↑ "These Scientists, Machine, Helped Solve Air Force's 8-Year-Old Mystery". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2024-02-21.
- ↑ "BREAKING Two Antonov aircraft have collided on the ground at Khartoum Airport, Sudan". Airlive Contributors. Retrieved 2018-10-03.
- ↑ "All 13 bodies, black box of AN-32 aircraft retrieved - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2019-06-16.
- ↑ "Missing An-32 Jet Found in Arunachal Pradesh, 13 personnel of IAF feared killed". India Today. 11 June 2019. Retrieved 2019-06-11.
- ↑ Taylor 1988, pp. 222–225.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Delalande, Arnaud (2016). Iraqi Air Power Reborn, The Iraqi air arms since 2004. Houston: Harpia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9854554-7-7.
- Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". Flight International, Vol. 182 No. 5370. 11–17 December 2012. pp. 40–64. ISSN 0015-3710.
- ——— (10–16 December 2013), "World Air Forces Directory", Flight International, vol. 184, no. 5419, pp. 24–51, ISSN 0015-3710.
- ——— (8–14 December 2015), "World Air Forces Directory", Flight International, vol. 188, no. 5517, pp. 26–53, ISSN 0015-3710.
- Taylor, John, W.R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89. London: Jane's Information Group, 1988. ISBN 0-7106-0867-5.
- Thisdell, Dan and Fafard, Antoine. "World Airliner Census". Flight International, Volume 190, No. 5550, 9–15 August 2016. pp. 20–43. ISSN 0015-3710
External links[edit | edit source]
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