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{{Orphan|date=April 2015}}
{{Short description|Sect in Odisha, India}}
 
[[File:A Chakulia panda walking to a house in Odisha, India.jpg|thumb|A Chakulia panda walking towards a house in a village in Odisha]]
[[File:A Chakulia panda walking to a house in Odisha, India.jpg|thumb|A Chakulia panda walking towards a house in a village in Odisha]]
[[File:Chakulia panda singing at a residential area in Puri, Odisha, India..ogg|thumb|Chakulia panda singing at a residential area in [[Puri]], Odisha]]
[[File:Chakulia panda singing at a residential area in Puri, Odisha, India..ogg|thumb|Chakulia panda singing at a residential area in [[Puri]], Odisha]]
'''Chakulia panda''' ({{langx|or|ଚକୁଳିଆ ପଣ୍ଡା}}, pronounced Chåkuḷiā Paṇḍā) is a [[sect]] of people from the [[India]]n state of [[Odisha]] who are mostly found to live in the southern Odisha. The male members of this sect walk from door to door and recite religious poems,<ref name="Mohanti1973">{{cite book|author=Prafulla Mohanti|title=My village, my life: Nanpur-portrait of an Indian village|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HuAEAAAAMAAJ|year=1973|publisher=Davis-Poynter|isbn=978-0-7067-0090-9}}</ref> from early [[Odia literature]] and receive [[rice]] in return from the households.<ref name="MisraMohanty1963">{{cite book|author1=Bidyadhar Misra|author2=Amiya Kumar Mohanty|author3=Utkal University. Dept. of Rural Economics and Sociology|title=A study of the beggar problem at Cuttack|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nFciAAAAMAAJ|year=1963|publisher=Dept. of Rural Economics and Sociology, Utkal University}}</ref> and "suanga" (humorous [[play (theatre)|plays]])<ref name="Behuria">{{cite book|author=N. C. Behuria|title=Orissa State Gazetteer|year=1990 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hJuAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Gazetteers Unit, Department of Revenue, Government of Orissa}}</ref>
They are believed to be a "lower class" "dignified" [[brahmin]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The chariot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jkgZAAAAIAAJ|year=1977|publisher=Trishakti Press}}</ref>


'''Chakulia panda''' is a [[sect]] of people from the [[India]]n state of [[Odisha]] who are mostly found to live in the southern Odisha. The male members of this sect walk from door to door and recite religious poems,
A Chakulia panda would be seen putting a mark of white [[sandalwood]] on the forehead, carrying a "chatri" (palm leaf umbrella), and walking with a bag of [[rice]] on his shoulder singing songs. Offering rice to Chakulia panda is considered holier as compared to hundred Brahmins.<ref name="DasMahapatra1979">{{cite book|author1=Kunjabihari Das|author2=L. K. Mahapatra|title=Folklore of Orissa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Il8tAAAAMAAJ|year=1979|publisher=National Book Trust}}</ref>  
<ref name="Mohanti1973">{{cite book|author=Prafulla Mohanti|title=My village, my life: Nanpur-portrait of an Indian village|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HuAEAAAAMAAJ|year=1973|publisher=Davis-Poynter|isbn=978-0-7067-0090-9}}</ref>
from early [[Odia literature]] and receive [[rice]] in return from the households.
<ref name="MisraMohanty1963">{{cite book|author1=Bidyadhar Misra|author2=Amiya Kumar Mohanty|author3=Utkal University. Dept. of Rural Economics and Sociology|title=A study of the beggar problem at Cuttack|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nFciAAAAMAAJ|year=1963|publisher=Dept. of Rural Economics and Sociology, Utkal University}}</ref>
and "suanga" (humorous [[play (theatre)|plays]])
<ref name="Behuria">{{cite book|author=N. C. Behuria|title=Orissa State Gazetteer|year=1990 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hJuAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Gazetteers Unit, Department of Revenue, Government of Orissa}}</ref>
They are believed to be a "lower class" "dignified" [[brahmin]].
<ref>{{cite book|title=The chariot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jkgZAAAAIAAJ|year=1977|publisher=Trishakti Press}}</ref>
A Chakulia panda would be seen putting a mark of white [[sandalwood]] on the forehead, carrying a "chatri" (palm leaf umbrella), and walking with a bag of [[rice]] on his shoulder singing songs. Offering rice to Chakulia panda is considered holier as compared to hundred Brahmins.  
<ref name="DasMahapatra1979">{{cite book|author1=Kunjabihari Das|author2=L. K. Mahapatra|title=Folklore of Orissa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Il8tAAAAMAAJ|year=1979|publisher=National Book Trust}}</ref>  
They are heard reciting "[[Rama]], Parasurama, Dasarathanandana Rama, Janakanandini Rama" while visiting houses.  
They are heard reciting "[[Rama]], Parasurama, Dasarathanandana Rama, Janakanandini Rama" while visiting houses.  
<ref name="Misra1986">{{cite book|author=Binayak Misra|title=Indian Culture and Cult of Jagannātha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BvYdAAAAMAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Punthi Pustak}}</ref>
<ref name="Misra1986">{{cite book|author=Binayak Misra|title=Indian Culture and Cult of Jagannātha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BvYdAAAAMAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Punthi Pustak}}</ref>
He never asks for alms during the entire course of his visit and accepts whatever is offered.
He never asks for alms during the entire course of his visit and accepts whatever is offered.
<ref name="Tiwari1976">{{cite book|author=A. N. Tiwari|title=Third Purba Bharat Sanskrutik Sammelan, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, 1976: Souvenir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UnlDAAAAYAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Home (Public Relations) Department, Government or Orissa}}</ref>
<ref name="Tiwari1976">{{cite book|author=A. N. Tiwari|title=Third Purba Bharat Sanskrutik Sammelan, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, 1976: Souvenir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UnlDAAAAYAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Home (Public Relations) Department, Government or Orissa}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite book|title=Folk Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sDLXAAAAMAAJ|date=11 Jun 2009|publisher=Institute of Oriental and Orissan Studies}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite book|title=Folk Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sDLXAAAAMAAJ|date=11 Jun 2009|publisher=Institute of Oriental and Orissan Studies}}</ref>
Slowly this cultural presentation is diminishing delimiting the visit of Chakulia panda to houses <ref name=ODS>{{cite web|title=Odisha to have 'Urban Art, Culture groups' for traditional artists|url=http://odishasuntimes.com/97038/odisha-urban-art-culture-groups/|website=Odishasuntimes.com|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref> and of them losing their livelihood.<ref name=pdb>{{cite news|title=Enroll more traditional artistes to spread Govt message: CM|url=http://pbdodisha.in/epapers/2014-11-01/Page02.pdf|accessdate=11 March 2015|publisher=Political and Business Daily|date=31 October 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125200/http://pbdodisha.in/epapers/2014-11-01/Page02.pdf|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref>
Slowly this cultural presentation is diminishing delimiting the visit of Chakulia panda to houses <ref name=ODS>{{cite web|title=Odisha to have 'Urban Art, Culture groups' for traditional artists|url=http://odishasuntimes.com/97038/odisha-urban-art-culture-groups/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101100914/http://odishasuntimes.com/97038/odisha-urban-art-culture-groups/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=November 1, 2014|website=Odishasuntimes.com|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref> and of them losing their livelihood.<ref name=pdb>{{cite news|title=Enroll more traditional artistes to spread Govt message: CM|url=http://pbdodisha.in/epapers/2014-11-01/Page02.pdf|accessdate=11 March 2015|publisher=Political and Business Daily|date=31 October 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125200/http://pbdodisha.in/epapers/2014-11-01/Page02.pdf|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref>
 
{{Rquote|right|He carries a bag full of rice, a bag of rice on his shoulder and sings a song "Give and persuade others to give; whatever you give will be returned to you in much larger quantity|Kunjabihari Das, L. K. Mahapatra <ref name="DasMahapatra1979"/>}}


{{Culture of Odisha}}
{{Rquote|right|He carries a bag full of rice, a bag of rice on his shoulder and sings a song "Give and persuade others to give; whatever you give will be returned to you in much larger quantity|Kunjabihari Das, L. K. Mahapatra<ref name="DasMahapatra1979"/>}}


== In popular culture ==
== In popular culture ==
=== Television show "Kalyani" ===
=== Television show "Kalyani" ===
Inspired by the "Chakulia panda" culture, a [[National AIDS Control Organisation|NACO]] funded project for spreading awareness about health and safety in Odisha called "Kalyani" <ref name=DD>{{cite web|title=Regional language indian classic programmes|url=http://www.ddindia.gov.in/about/documents/flist-of-indian-classical-programmes.pdf|accessdate=11 March 2015}}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> was broadcast in [[Doordarshan]] during 200-2006. This program led the foundation of about 2,000 community level "Kalyani Health Clubs" with nearly half million members in rural Odisha.<ref name=undp>{{cite web|title=India: changing lives through TV programming|url=http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2006/april/20060424india|website=www.unaids.org|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref> The initiative was also aimed at spreading awareness about [[AIDS]].<ref name=naco>{{cite web|title=Success Stories from Orissa: A Kalyani Initiative|url=http://naco.gov.in/upload/naco%20newsletters/Nov-Feb-1.pdf|website=www.naco.gov.in|publisher=NACO|accessdate=11 March 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403080733/http://naco.gov.in/upload/naco%20newsletters/Nov-Feb-1.pdf|archivedate=3 April 2015}}</ref>
Inspired by the "Chakulia panda" culture, a [[National AIDS Control Organisation|NACO]] funded project for spreading awareness about health and safety in Odisha called "Kalyani" <ref name=DD>{{cite web|title=Regional language indian classic programmes|url=http://www.ddindia.gov.in/about/documents/flist-of-indian-classical-programmes.pdf|accessdate=11 March 2015}}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> was broadcast in [[Doordarshan]] during 2000-2006. This program led the foundation of about 2,000 community level "Kalyani Health Clubs" with nearly half million members in rural Odisha.<ref name=undp>{{cite web|title=India: changing lives through TV programming|url=http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2006/april/20060424india|website=www.unaids.org|accessdate=11 March 2015}}</ref> The initiative was also aimed at spreading awareness about [[AIDS]].<ref name=naco>{{cite web|title=Success Stories from Orissa: A Kalyani Initiative|url=http://naco.gov.in/upload/naco%20newsletters/Nov-Feb-1.pdf|website=www.naco.gov.in|publisher=NACO|accessdate=11 March 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403080733/http://naco.gov.in/upload/naco%20newsletters/Nov-Feb-1.pdf|archivedate=3 April 2015}}</ref>


[[File:Chakulia panda accepting rice as alms from a house in Odisha, India.jpg|thumb|Chakulia panda accepting rice from a house in Odisha]]
[[File:Chakulia panda accepting rice as alms from a house in Odisha, India.jpg|thumb|Chakulia panda accepting rice from a house in Odisha]]
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* "''Chandrasekhar Rath: Stories''" <ref name="Rath2003">{{cite book|author=Chandra Sekhar Rath|title=Chandrasekhar Rath: Stories|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mr1jAAAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Grassroots|isbn=978-81-89040-06-2}}</ref>
* "''Chandrasekhar Rath: Stories''" <ref name="Rath2003">{{cite book|author=Chandra Sekhar Rath|title=Chandrasekhar Rath: Stories|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mr1jAAAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Grassroots|isbn=978-81-89040-06-2}}</ref>


== Further reading ==
== See also ==
* [[Odia literature]]
* [[Odia literature]]
* [[Culture of Odisha]]
* [[Culture of Odisha]]

Latest revision as of 06:37, 29 December 2025


A Chakulia panda walking towards a house in a village in Odisha
Chakulia panda singing at a residential area in Puri, Odisha

Chakulia panda (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist., pronounced Chåkuḷiā Paṇḍā) is a sect of people from the Indian state of Odisha who are mostly found to live in the southern Odisha. The male members of this sect walk from door to door and recite religious poems,[1] from early Odia literature and receive rice in return from the households.[2] and "suanga" (humorous plays)[3] They are believed to be a "lower class" "dignified" brahmin.[4]

A Chakulia panda would be seen putting a mark of white sandalwood on the forehead, carrying a "chatri" (palm leaf umbrella), and walking with a bag of rice on his shoulder singing songs. Offering rice to Chakulia panda is considered holier as compared to hundred Brahmins.[5] They are heard reciting "Rama, Parasurama, Dasarathanandana Rama, Janakanandini Rama" while visiting houses. [6]

He never asks for alms during the entire course of his visit and accepts whatever is offered. [7] [8] Slowly this cultural presentation is diminishing delimiting the visit of Chakulia panda to houses [9] and of them losing their livelihood.[10]

He carries a bag full of rice, a bag of rice on his shoulder and sings a song "Give and persuade others to give; whatever you give will be returned to you in much larger quantity

— Kunjabihari Das, L. K. Mahapatra[5]

In popular culture[edit | edit source]

Television show "Kalyani"[edit | edit source]

Inspired by the "Chakulia panda" culture, a NACO funded project for spreading awareness about health and safety in Odisha called "Kalyani" [11] was broadcast in Doordarshan during 2000-2006. This program led the foundation of about 2,000 community level "Kalyani Health Clubs" with nearly half million members in rural Odisha.[12] The initiative was also aimed at spreading awareness about AIDS.[13]

Chakulia panda accepting rice from a house in Odisha

In literature[edit | edit source]

The story of Chakulia panda is narrated in many folktales in Odisha that have satirical remark on the greedy nature of Chakulia panda while begging and the moral of him being punished by a deity. [14] [15] They are the most talked characters in Odia literature. [16]

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Prafulla Mohanti (1973). My village, my life: Nanpur-portrait of an Indian village. Davis-Poynter. ISBN 978-0-7067-0090-9.
  2. ↑ Bidyadhar Misra; Amiya Kumar Mohanty; Utkal University. Dept. of Rural Economics and Sociology (1963). A study of the beggar problem at Cuttack. Dept. of Rural Economics and Sociology, Utkal University.
  3. ↑ N. C. Behuria (1990). Orissa State Gazetteer. Gazetteers Unit, Department of Revenue, Government of Orissa.
  4. ↑ The chariot. Trishakti Press. 1977.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kunjabihari Das; L. K. Mahapatra (1979). Folklore of Orissa. National Book Trust.
  6. ↑ Binayak Misra (1986). Indian Culture and Cult of Jagannātha. Punthi Pustak.
  7. ↑ A. N. Tiwari (1976). Third Purba Bharat Sanskrutik Sammelan, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, 1976: Souvenir. Home (Public Relations) Department, Government or Orissa.
  8. ↑ Folk Culture. Institute of Oriental and Orissan Studies. 11 Jun 2009.
  9. ↑ "Odisha to have 'Urban Art, Culture groups' for traditional artists". Odishasuntimes.com. Archived from the original on November 1, 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  10. ↑ "Enroll more traditional artistes to spread Govt message: CM" (PDF). Political and Business Daily. 31 October 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  11. ↑ "Regional language indian classic programmes" (PDF). Retrieved 11 March 2015.[permanent dead link]
  12. ↑ "India: changing lives through TV programming". www.unaids.org. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  13. ↑ "Success Stories from Orissa: A Kalyani Initiative" (PDF). www.naco.gov.in. NACO. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  14. ↑ Sailabala Mahapatra. The Beating Treat: Folktales from Odisha. Mind Melodies. pp. 1–. ISBN 978-93-5018-194-2.
  15. ↑ Folk-lore. Indian Publications. 1969.
  16. ↑ The Orissa Historical Research Journal. Superintendent of Research and Museum. 1957.
  17. ↑ Pabitra Mohana Nāẏaka (2001). The Voice of Silence: Sonepur Durbar and Indian Cultural Traditions. Orissa Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 978-81-7586-058-2.
  18. ↑ Banaras Hindu University (1961). Calendar.
  19. ↑ Sankar Sen Gupta (1969). Women in Indian Folklore: A Short Survey of Their Social Status and Position: Linguistic and Religious Study. Indian Publications.
  20. ↑ Chandra Sekhar Rath (2003). Chandrasekhar Rath: Stories. Grassroots. ISBN 978-81-89040-06-2.
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