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{{short description|Cricket competition}}
#REDIRECT [[ICC Men's Test Team Rankings]]
{{redirect|World Test Championship|the ranking system formerly known as ICC Test Championship|ICC Men's Test Team Rankings}}
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{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}
{{Redirect category shell|
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
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{{Infobox cricket tournament main
| nameย  ย  ย  ย  ย  ย  ย  = ICC World Test Championship
| imageย  ย  ย  ย  ย  ย  = ICC World Test Championship Logo.svg
| captionย  ย  ย  ย  ย  =
| administratorย  ย  = [[International Cricket Council]]
| cricket formatย  ย  = [[Test cricket]]
| tournament format = League and Final
| firstย  ย  ย  ย  ย  ย  = [[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“2021]]
| nextย  ย  ย  ย  ย  ย  ย  = 2023โ€“2025
| participantsย  ย  ย  = 9
| most runsย  ย  ย  ย  = {{cricon|ENG}} [[Joe Root]] (2046)<ref>{{cite web |title=Most Runs World Test Championship |url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=804;type=trophy |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=12 August 2021}}</ref>
| most wicketsย  ย  ย  = {{cricon|IND}} [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] (71)<ref>{{cite web |title=Most Wickets World Test Championship |url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=804;type=trophy|work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=12 August 2021}}</ref>
| currentย  ย  ย  ย  ย  = [[2021โ€“2023 ICC World Test Championship]]
| championsย  ย  ย  ย  = {{flagicon|NZ}} [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]] (1st title)
| most successfulย  = {{cr|NZ}} (1 title)
}}
{{Infobox
|bodyclass = hlist nowraplinks
|headerstyle = border-top:1px solid #aaa
|header1 = Tournaments
|data2 =
* [[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“2021]]
* [[2021โ€“2023 ICC World Test Championship|2021โ€“2023]]
* 2023-25
* 2025-27
* 2027-29
* 2029-31
}}
}}
[[File:ICC Test Championship mace.jpg|260px|thumb|ICC Test Championship mace]]
The '''ICC World Test Championship''' is a league competition for [[Test cricket]] run by the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC), which started on 1 August [[2019โ€“21 ICC Test Championship|2019]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/742337|title=Schedule for inaugural World Test Championship announced|publisher=International Cricket Council}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/icc-future-tour-program-schedule-fixture-international-cricket-ftp-australia-afghanistan-india/2018-06-20|title=Aussies to host Afghans as part of new schedule|website=[[cricket.com.au]] | author=Ramsey, Andrew |date=20 June 2018}}</ref> It is intended to be the premier championship for Test cricket. It is in line with the ICC's goal of having one pinnacle tournament for each of the three formats of international cricket.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/646147.html|title=Test Championship to replace Champions Trophy|date=29 June 2013|website=Cricinfo}}</ref>
The original plans to hold the competition in 2013, replacing the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]], were abandoned. It was rescheduled for June 2017, with a second Test championship to take place in India in Feb-March 2021.<ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/current/story/561439.html ICC presidency term to be cut to a year] Cricinfo. Retrieved 17 April 2012</ref><ref name="auto1">[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/current/story/561563.html No Champions Trophy after 2013], Cricinfo. Retrieved 17 April 2012</ref> The top four ranked teams on 31 December 2016 โ€“ the cut-off date set by the ICC โ€“ would play the three-match Test championship. There would have been two semi-finals and the winners play the final.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/icc-world-test-championship-england-2017-champions-trophy-168534-2013-06-29|title=Not a tournament but four teams will play first World Test Championship|agency=[[Press Trust of India|P. T. I.]]|location=London |date=1 July 2013 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref> However, in January 2014 the ICC World Test Championship was cancelled and the [[2017 ICC Champions Trophy]] was reinstated.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/sport/cricket|title=Cricket|website=[[1 NEWS NOW]]}}</ref>
In October 2017, the ICC announced that a Test league had been agreed by its members, which would involve the top nine teams playing series over two years with the top two teams qualifying for a World Test League Championship Final.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/21006055/test-odi-leagues-approved-icc-board | title=Test, ODI leagues approved by ICC Board | publisher=Cricinfo | date=13 October 2017 | access-date=30 July 2019 | author=Brettig, Daniel }}</ref> The [[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|first ICC World Test Championship]] started with the [[2019 Ashes series]], and finished with [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] lifting the trophy after defeating India in [[2021 ICC World Test Championship Final|the final]] in June 2021. The [[2021โ€“2023 ICC World Test Championship|second ICC World Test Championship]] was started on 4 August 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/england-vs-india-to-kick-off-the-second-world-test-championship-1268214 |title=England vs India to kick off the second World Test Championship |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=29 June 2021}}</ref>
==History==
===Cancelled 2013 tournament===
This championship was first proposed in 2009, when the ICC met the [[Maryleboneย  Cricket Club|MCC]] to discuss a proposed Test match championship. Former New Zealand captain [[Martin Crowe]] was one of the main brains behind this proposal.<ref>
[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/international/5973170/ICC-calls-meeting-with-MCC-to-discuss-proposed-World-Test-Championship.html ICC calls meeting with MCC to discuss proposed World Test Championship], ''[[Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]''. Retrieved 4 January 2012</ref>
In July 2010 ICC chief executive [[Haroon Lorgat]] suggested a quadrennial tournament with the four best-ranked nations meeting in the semi-finals and a final, in a bid to boost flagging interest in the longest form of the sport. The first tournament was meant to replace the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]] in England and Wales.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/467606.html |title=ICC news: Lorgat hints at Test championship in 2013 &#124; Cricket News &#124; Cricinfo ICC Site |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=2011-08-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/current/story/523745.html |title=ICC news: ICC could use 'timeless' Test for World Championship final &#124; Cricket News &#124; Cricinfo ICC Site |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=2011-08-15}}</ref>
The idea of a Test championship was considered by the ICC Chief Executives' Committee at a meeting at their headquarters in [[Dubai]] in mid-September 2010.ย  ICC spokesperson Colin Gibson said that much more would be revealed after the meeting, and that if the championship was held in England, then the favoured final venue would be [[Lord's]].<ref>
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130707102503/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-23/top-stories/28283508_1_test-championship-test-cricket-icc ICC to hold World Test Cup in 2013?], ''[[The Times of India]]''. Retrieved 4 January 2012</ref> As expected, the ICC approved the plan and said that the first tournament would be held in [[England]] and [[Wales]] in 2013. The format of the tournament was also announced. It would comprise an inaugural league stage, played over a period of four years, with all ten current [[Test cricket]] nations ([[Australia national cricket team|Australia]], [[India national cricket team|India]], [[England national cricket team|England]], [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]], [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]], [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]], [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]], [[West Indies national cricket team|West Indies]], [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]], and [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]]) participating. After the league stage the top four teams will take part in the play-offs, with the final determining the Test cricket champions.<ref name="auto">[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/481373.html ICC approves Test championship], ESPNCricinfo. Retrieved 4 January 2012</ref>
There was a debate as to whether the play-off would take place between the bottom two teams or the top four teams, but the latter was unanimously chosen by the board. It was also announced that the tournament would replace the [[ICC Champions Trophy]].<ref name="auto"/> No decision had been made concerning how to decide the outcome of drawn matches in the knock-out stages.
However, in 2011, the ICC announced that the Test Championship would not take place until 2017, and that the 2013 tournament would be cancelled because of financial problems within the board, and its commitment to its sponsors and broadcasters. England and Wales, the original hosts of this cancelled tournament were awarded the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]] instead, the tournament that the Test Championship was intended to replace.<ref>[http://www.crickblog.com/entry/world-test-championship-postponed-financial-considerations-blame/ World Test Championship to be Postponed; Financial Considerations to Blame] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206043128/http://www.crickblog.com/entry/world-test-championship-postponed-financial-considerations-blame/ |date=6 December 2011 }}, Crickblog. Retrieved 4 January 2012</ref> This drew widespread criticism; both [[Greg Chappell]] and [[Graeme Smith]] criticised the ICC, saying that postponing the Test Championship was wrong and unjustified.<ref>
[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/541863.html Test Championship postponement a 'shame' โ€“ Greg Chappell] ESPNCricinfo. Retrieved 4 January 2012</ref><ref>
Ken Borland, [http://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/cricket/5983470/ICC-too-slow-on-test-championship-says-Smith ICC too slow on test championship says Smith], [[Stuff.co.nz]], 17 November 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2012</ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'' reported that this postponement was a blow to Lord's, which had been expected to host the final.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2011/oct/11/test-championship-england-icc-drs Lord's suffers Test Championship blow as ICC scraps mandatory DRS rule], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 11 October 2011. Retrieved 3 January 2012</ref>
===Cancelled 2017 tournament===
At the ICC Chief Executives' meeting in April 2012, it was confirmed that the [[ICC Champions Trophy]] would be last held in 2013 with the inaugural Test Championship play-offs being scheduled for June 2017.<ref name="auto1"/> The ICC said that there would be only one trophy for each format of the game, which meant that the Champions Trophy would no longer take place since the [[Cricket World Cup]] is the premier event for 50-over cricket.
The final would possibly have followed the historical [[Timeless Test|timeless test]] format.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2011/jul/18/icc-timeless-test-world-championship | title=ICC could revive 'timeless' Test match for world championship | newspaper=The Guardian | date=18 July 2011 | agency=Press Association | access-date=1 July 2020}}</ref> Further improvements in the structure of the championship have also been discussed.
However, in January 2014 the 2017 ICC World Test Championship was cancelled and the [[2017 ICC Champions Trophy]] was reinstated.<ref name="auto2"/>
===2019โ€“21 tournament===
{{main|2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship}}
The first tournament began with the [[2019 Ashes series]]. In March 2020, matches were suspended due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], not resuming before July 2020, with several rounds of matches being postponed or ultimately cancelled. New Zealand became the first team to qualify for the final, when it was confirmed that the series between South Africa and Australia would not proceed,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2008433 |title=Scenarios: Who will face New Zealand in the WTC final?|website=ICC |date=2 February 2021 |access-date=5 February 2021 |quote=After the postponement of the South Africa-Australia Test series, New Zealand were confirmed as one of the finalists of the inaugural ICC World Test Championship, leaving one spot up for grabs for all of India, England and Australia.}}</ref> followed by India. The inaugural [[2021 ICC World Test Championship Final|World Test Championship Final]] was played between India and New Zealand from 18โ€“23 June 2021 at Rose Bowl, Southampton, England.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ICC announces World Cup schedule; 14 teams in 2027 And 2031|url=https://sixsports.in/icc-announces-world-cup-schedule-14-teams-in-2027-and-2031/|access-date=2 June 2021|website=Six Sports|language=en}}</ref> Despite the opening and fourth day of the final being washed out by rain, <ref>{{Cite web|title=WTC final: India, New Zealand, and weather exercise thrift|url=https://sixsports.in/wtc-final-india-new-zealand-and-weather-exercise-thrift/|access-date=19 June 2021|website=Six Sports|language=en}}</ref> New Zealand managed to win in the final session of the reserve day and lifted the first World Test Championship trophy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Not luck, not fluke - New Zealand deserve to be the World Test Champions|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/wtc-final-jarrod-kimber-new-zealand-deserve-to-be-the-world-test-champions-1267745|access-date=2021-06-27|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}</ref>
===2021โ€“23 Tournament===
{{main|2021โ€“2023 ICC World Test Championship}}
The WTC 2021โ€“23 cycle began in August 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportstiger.com/icc-announce-complete-fixtures-for-wtc-2021-23-india-to-play-england-south-africa-and-bangladesh-in-away-series/ |title=ICC announce complete fixtures for WTC 2021-23, India to play England, South Africa and Bangladesh in away series |work=SportsTiger |access-date=14 July 2021}}</ref> [[International Cricket Council]] officially announced the full programme with new points system.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportstiger.com/icc-to-introduce-new-points-system-for-world-test-championship/ |title=ICC to introduce new points system for World Test Championship |work=SportsTiger |access-date=14 July 2021}}</ref>
==Results==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; width: 100%; text-align: center;"
!rowspan="2" style="width:5%;"|Year
!rowspan="2" style="width:5%;"|Final Venue
!colspan="3"|Finalists
!rowspan="2" style="width:5%;"|Player of the Match
!rowspan="2" style="width:5%";|References
|-
!width=17% style="background:gold;"|Winners
!width=20%|Result
!width=14% style="background: silver"|Runners-up
|-
|[[2021 ICC World Test Championship Final|2019โ€“2021]]
| {{flagicon|England}} [[Rose Bowl (cricket ground)|Rose Bowl]], [[Southampton]]
|'''{{cr|NZ}}''' '''249 & 140-2'''
|'''New Zealand won by 8 wickets''' <br /> [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2019-2021-1195334/india-vs-new-zealand-final-1249875/full-scorecard Scorecard]
|{{cr|IND}} '''217 & 170'''
|'''{{flagathlete|[[Kyle Jamieson]]|NZ}}'''
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/57581441 |title=World Test Championship final: New Zealand beat India on sixth day to become world champions |work=BBC Sport |access-date=23 June 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2177618|title=New Zealand crowned World Test Champions after thrilling final day |work=International Cricket Council|access-date=26 June 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2021/jun/22/india-v-new-zealand-world-test-championship-final-day-five-live|title=India v New Zealand: World Test Championship final, day five โ€“ as it happened |work=The Guardian |access-date=26 June 2021}}</ref>
|}
==Team performances==
An overview of all the Test playing nations' performances:
<!--Teams were arranged in alphabetical order.So, please don't change the order.-->
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!{{diagonal split header|<br />Team|Tournament<br />}}
![[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019<br />โ€“2021]]
![[2021โ€“2023 ICC World Test Championship|2021<br />โ€“2023]]
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|AFG}}|| โ€” || โ€”
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|AUS}}|| style="background: #cc9966;"|'''3rd''' || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|BAN}}|| 9th || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|ENG}}|| 4th || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|IND}}|| style="background: silver;"|'''RU''' || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|IRE}}|| โ€” || โ€”
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|NZL}}|| style="background: gold;"|'''W''' || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|PAK}}|| 6th || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|RSA}}|| 5th || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|SRI}}|| 7th || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|WIN}}|| 8th || TBD
|-
|align="left"|{{cr|ZIM}}|| โ€” || โ€”
|}
'''Key:'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="background: gold; text-align: center;"|'''W'''
| Winners
|-
| style="background: silver; text-align: center;"|'''RU'''
| Runners-up
|-
| style="background: #cc9966; text-align: center;"|'''3rd'''
| 3rd place
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |โ€”
| Did not play
|}
==Tournament records==
{{see also|List of Cricket World Test Championship records}}
{{updated|16 August 2021}}
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Colspan=3|World Test Championship Records
|-
!Colspan=3|Batting
|-
|Most runs || {{cricon|ENG}} [[Joe Root]] || 2046<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|Highest average (min. 10 inns.) || {{cricon|AUS}} [[Marnus Labuschagne]] || 72.82<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/highest_career_batting_average.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|Highest score || {{cricon|AUS}} [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] v {{cricon|PAK}} [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]]ย  || 335[[Not out|*]] ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_innings.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|Most runs in a single tournament || {{cricon|AUS}} [[Marnus Labuschagne]] || 1675 ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])
|-
|Most hundreds || {{cricon|AUS}} [[Marnus Labuschagne]] / {{cricon|ENG}} [[Joe Root]] || 5<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_hundreds_career.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|Most hundreds in a single tournament || {{cricon|AUS}} [[Marnus Labuschagne]] || 5 ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])
|-
!Colspan=3|Bowling
|-
|Most wickets || {{cricon|IND}} [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] || 71<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|Lowest average || {{cricon|NZ}} [[Kyle Jamieson]] || 12.53<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/best_career_bowling_average.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|BBI || {{cricon|SL}} [[Lasith Embuldeniya]] v {{cricon|ENG}} [[England cricket team|England]] || 7/137 ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/best_figures_innings.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|BBM || {{cricon|IND}} [[Axar Patel]] v {{cricon|ENG}} [[England cricket team|England]] || 11/70 ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/best_figures_match.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|Most wickets in a single tournament || {{cricon|IND}} [[Ravichandran Ashwin]] || 71 ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])
|-
!Colspan=3|Team
|-
|Highest score || {{cricon|NZ}} [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] v {{cricon|PAK}} [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] || 659/6d ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/highest_innings_totals.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|-
|Lowest score || {{cricon|IND}} [[India national cricket team|India]] v {{cricon|AUS}} [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] || 36 ([[2019โ€“2021 ICC World Test Championship|2019โ€“21]])<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/lowest_innings_totals.html?id=804;type=trophy</ref>
|}
==See also==
* [[Asian Test Championship]]
* [[2005 ICC Super Series]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
* [https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/index.html?id=804;type=trophy ICC World Test Championship ESPN Cricinfo]
{{Main world cups}}
{{International cricket}}
{{Main world championships}}
[[Category:ICC World Test Championship| ]]
[[Category:World championships in cricket|Test, World]]
[[Category:International Cricket Council events|World Test Championship]]
[[Category:Test cricket competitions]]

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