Playback singer: Difference between revisions

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Indian playback singer Lata Mangeshkar recorded thousands of songs

File:Ahmed Rushdi playback singer 1954.jpg

Pakistani playback singer Ahmed Rushdi performing live on stage in 1954

A playback singer, also known as a ghost singer, is a singer whose singing is pre-recorded for use in films. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and actors or actresses lip-sync the songs for cameras; the actual singer does not appear on the screen.

South Asia

South Asian films produced in the Indian subcontinent frequently use this technique. A majority of Indian films as well as Pakistani films typically include six or seven songs. After Alam Ara (1931), the first Indian talkie film, for many years singers made dual recordings for a film, one during the shoot, and later in the recording studio, until 1952 or 1953. Popular playback singers in India enjoy the same status as popular actors and music directors^[1]^[2]^[3] and receive wide public admiration. Most of the playback singers are initially trained in classical music, but they later often expand their range.^[4]

Mohammed Rafi and Ahmed Rushdi^[5] are regarded as two of the most influential playback singers in South Asia.^[6] The sisters Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle, who have mainly worked in Hindi films, are two of the best-known and most prolific playback singers in India.^[7]^[8] In 2011, Guinness officially acknowledged Bhosle as the most recorded artist in music history.^[9]

Hollywood

Playback singing is also used in Hollywood musicals though less frequently in other genres. Notable Hollywood performances include Anita Ellis as the voice of Rita Hayworth's title character in Gilda (1946). Both Anita Ellis's and Rita Hayworth's performances were so impressive that audiences did not know that Rita's voice had been dubbed. Called "the sexiest voice of 1946", Ellis's identity was not publicized. Rita Hayworth was instead credited on the soundtrack.

There have been other uses of playback singing throughout Hollywood, including Marni Nixon in West Side Story for Natalie Wood's portrayal of Maria, in The King and I for Deborah Kerr's Anna Leonowens, and for Audrey Hepburn's Eliza in My Fair Lady; Bill Lee singing for John Kerr's Lieutenant Cable in South Pacific and for Christopher Plummer's Captain von Trapp in The Sound of Music,^[10] Lindsay Ridgeway for Ashley Peldon's character as Darla Dimple in the animated film Cats Don't Dance, Claudia Brücken providing the singing voice for Erika Heynatz's character as Elsa Lichtmann in L.A. Noire, and Betty Noyes singing for Debbie Reynolds in Singin' in the Rain,^[11] a film in which playback singing is a major plot point.

Examples

Known playback singers include:

India Adams, who dubbed for Cyd Charisse in The Band Wagon (1953).^[12] That same year, she also dubbed for Joan Crawford in Torch Song.^[13]
Bill Shirley, who dubbed for Jeremy Brett in Warner Bros. My Fair Lady^[14]
Jo Ann Greer, who dubbed for Rita Hayworth, Kim Novak, and Dorothy Malone^[15]
Marni Nixon, who dubbed for Ingrid Bergman in Joan of Arc, Deborah Kerr in The King and I and An Affair To Remember, for Natalie Wood in West Side Story, for Audrey Hepburn in My Fair Lady (1963), and for Marilyn Monroe in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes^[16]
Betty Wand, who dubbed for Leslie Caron in Gigi^[16]
Betty Noyes, who dubbed for Debbie Reynolds in Singin' in the Rain
Annette Warren, who dubbed for Ava Gardner in Show Boat^[16]^[17] and Lucille Ball in both Fancy Pants and Sorrowful Jones^[18]
Darlene Love ghost sang for girl group The Crystals, as acknowledged in the documentary 20 Feet From Stardom
Bill Lee provided the singing voice for Matt Mattox as Caleb Pontipee in Seven Brides for Seven Brothers, John Kerr as Lieutenant Cable in South Pacific and for Christopher Plummer as Captain von Trapp in the film of The Sound of Music
Thurl Ravenscroft provided the singing voice for Ken Clark as Stewpot in South Pacific and Fred Astaire in Daddy Long Legs
John Wallace provided the singing voice for Paul L. Smith as Bluto in Popeye
Diana Coupland provided the singing voice for Ursula Andress in the first official James Bond movie, Dr. No^[19]
Yang Peiyi, who dubbed for Lin Miaoke at the 2008 Olympics opening ceremony in Beijing
Drew Seeley, an actor, dancer and singer provided the vocals for Zac Efron in the 2006 Disney musical film High School Musical
Tsin Ting, who is perhaps best known as the Marni Nixon of Hong Kong cinema.
Andrea Robinson, who provided the vocals for Wendy Makkena in the Sister Act franchise.

References

↑ Wolk, Douglas (April 1999). "Kill Your Radio: Music on The 'Net". CMJ New Music (Electro Media): 61.
↑ D. Booth, Gregory (2008). Behind the curtain: making music in Mumbai's film studios. OUP USA. pp. 275–276. ISBN 978-0-19-532764-9.
↑ Srinivasan, Meera (27 February 2009). "Fans spend a sleepless night". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
↑ Rajamani, Radhika (17 February 2003). "Realising a dream". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 1 July 2003. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
↑ "Rushdi remembered as magician of voice". The Nation. 12 April 2011. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
↑
*Harris, Craig. "Mohammed Rafi". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
- "Articles about Mohammad Rafi". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 April 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}
- "Ahmed Rushdi, Remembering a legend". Dawn News. 11 April 2012. Archived from the original on 7 December 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
- "Remembering Ahmed Rushdi". The Express Tribune. 12 April 2010. Archived from the original on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
↑ Gangadhar, v. (18 May 2001). "Only the best preferred". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 23 August 2003. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
↑
*Gulzar; Nihalani, Govind; Chatterji, Saibal (2003). Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema. Popular Prakashan. pp. 72–73. ISBN 81-7991-066-0.
- Arnold, Alison (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Taylor & Francis. pp. 420–421. ISBN 0-8240-4946-2.
- Yasmeen, Afshan (21 September 2004). "Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2004. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
- Pride, Dominic (August 1996). "The Latest Music News From Around The Planet". Billboard. p. 51.
- Puri, Amit (24 February 2003). "Dedicated to Queen of Melody". The Tribune, Chandigarh. Archived from the original on 24 July 2008. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
- "Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly". The Tribune. Chandigarh. 29 September 2004. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
↑ Banerjee, Soumyadipta (22 October 2011). "It's a world record for Asha Bhosle". DNA India. Archived from the original on 14 March 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
↑ "The Sound of Music full credits". IMDb. Archived from the original on 7 March 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
↑ Earl J. Hess and Pratibha A. Dabholkar, Singin' in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2009), p145.
↑ Thomson, David (2008) Have You Seen...?': a Personal Introduction to 1,000 Films including masterpieces, oddities and guilty pleasures (with just a few disasters). Penguin UK At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
↑ Quirk, Lawrence J. and William Schoell (2013) Joan Crawford: The Essential Biography, p. 170. University Press of Kentucky At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
↑ https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0794301/bio#trivia Archived 28 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine Template:User-generated source
↑ "Obituary: Joan Greer "Jo Ann" McMahan" Archived 15 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 ^16.2 "Ghost singer India Adams appears" Archived 16 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
↑ Server, Lee (2007) Ava Gardner: "Love Is Nothing", p. 218. Macmillan, Apr 1, 2007 – At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
↑ https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0912723 Archived 11 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine Template:User-generated source
↑ Bushard, Anthony (August 2014). "The Music of James Bond. By Jon Burlingame. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012". Journal of the Society for American Music. 8 (3): 412–415. doi:10.1017/s1752196314000261. ISSN 1752-1963. S2CID 194101235.

External links

[1] Wolk, Douglas (April 1999). "Kill Your Radio: Music on The 'Net". CMJ New Music (Electro Media): 61.

[2] D. Booth, Gregory (2008). Behind the curtain: making music in Mumbai's film studios. OUP USA. pp. 275–276. ISBN 978-0-19-532764-9.

[3] Srinivasan, Meera (27 February 2009). "Fans spend a sleepless night". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2009.

[4] Rajamani, Radhika (17 February 2003). "Realising a dream". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 1 July 2003. Retrieved 22 July 2009.

[5] "Rushdi remembered as magician of voice". The Nation. 12 April 2011. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2019.

[6] *Harris, Craig. "Mohammed Rafi". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
"Articles about Mohammad Rafi". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 April 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}

"Ahmed Rushdi, Remembering a legend". Dawn News. 11 April 2012. Archived from the original on 7 December 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

"Remembering Ahmed Rushdi". The Express Tribune. 12 April 2010. Archived from the original on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

[7] "Articles about Mohammad Rafi". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 April 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}

[8] "Ahmed Rushdi, Remembering a legend". Dawn News. 11 April 2012. Archived from the original on 7 December 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

[9] "Remembering Ahmed Rushdi". The Express Tribune. 12 April 2010. Archived from the original on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

[monopolity-7] Gangadhar, v. (18 May 2001). "Only the best preferred". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 23 August 2003. Retrieved 22 July 2009.

[8] *Gulzar; Nihalani, Govind; Chatterji, Saibal (2003). Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema. Popular Prakashan. pp. 72–73. ISBN 81-7991-066-0.
Arnold, Alison (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Taylor & Francis. pp. 420–421. ISBN 0-8240-4946-2.

Yasmeen, Afshan (21 September 2004). "Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2004. Retrieved 19 August 2009.

Pride, Dominic (August 1996). "The Latest Music News From Around The Planet". Billboard. p. 51.

Puri, Amit (24 February 2003). "Dedicated to Queen of Melody". The Tribune, Chandigarh. Archived from the original on 24 July 2008. Retrieved 18 August 2009.

"Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly". The Tribune. Chandigarh. 29 September 2004. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2009.

[12] Arnold, Alison (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Taylor & Francis. pp. 420–421. ISBN 0-8240-4946-2.

[13] Yasmeen, Afshan (21 September 2004). "Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2004. Retrieved 19 August 2009.

[14] Pride, Dominic (August 1996). "The Latest Music News From Around The Planet". Billboard. p. 51.

[15] Puri, Amit (24 February 2003). "Dedicated to Queen of Melody". The Tribune, Chandigarh. Archived from the original on 24 July 2008. Retrieved 18 August 2009.

[16] "Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly". The Tribune. Chandigarh. 29 September 2004. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2009.

[9] Banerjee, Soumyadipta (22 October 2011). "It's a world record for Asha Bhosle". DNA India. Archived from the original on 14 March 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2011.

[10] "The Sound of Music full credits". IMDb. Archived from the original on 7 March 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.

[11] Earl J. Hess and Pratibha A. Dabholkar, Singin' in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2009), p145.

[12] Thomson, David (2008) Have You Seen...?': a Personal Introduction to 1,000 Films including masterpieces, oddities and guilty pleasures (with just a few disasters). Penguin UK At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

[13] Quirk, Lawrence J. and William Schoell (2013) Joan Crawford: The Essential Biography, p. 170. University Press of Kentucky At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

[14] ttps://www.imdb.com/name/nm0794301/bio#trivia Archived 28 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine Template:User-generated source

[15] "Obituary: Joan Greer "Jo Ann" McMahan" Archived 15 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

[ghost-16] 16.0 ^16.1 ^16.2 "Ghost singer India Adams appears" Archived 16 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

[17] Server, Lee (2007) Ava Gardner: "Love Is Nothing", p. 218. Macmillan, Apr 1, 2007 – At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

[18] ttps://www.imdb.com/name/nm0912723 Archived 11 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine Template:User-generated source

[19] Bushard, Anthony (August 2014). "The Music of James Bond. By Jon Burlingame. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012". Journal of the Society for American Music. 8 (3): 412–415. doi:10.1017/s1752196314000261. ISSN 1752-1963. S2CID 194101235.

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@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 [[File:Lata Mangeshkar at an event.jpg|thumb|right|Indian playback singer [[Lata Mangeshkar]] recorded thousands of songs]]
 [[File:Ahmed Rushdi playback singer 1954.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.6|Pakistani playback singer [[Ahmed Rushdi]] performing live on stage in 1954]]
 A '''playback singer''', also known as a '''ghost singer''', is a singer whose singing is pre-recorded for use in films. Playback singers record songs for [[soundtrack]]s, and actors or actresses [[lip-sync]] the songs for cameras; the actual singer does not appear on the screen.
 ==South Asia==
-[[South Asian cinema|South Asian films]] produced in the Indian subcontinent are particularly known for using this technique. A majority of [[Cinema of India|Indian films]] as well as [[Cinema of Pakistan|Pakistani films]] typically include six or seven songs. After ''[[Alam Ara]]'' (1931), the first Indian [[talkie film]], for many years singers made dual recordings for a film, one during the shoot, and later in the recording studio, until 1952 or 1953. Popular playback singers in India enjoy the same status as popular actors and music directors<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wolk |first=Douglas |date=April 1999 |title=Kill Your Radio: Music on The 'Net |journal=[[CMJ New Music]] |issue=Electro Media |page=61}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=D. Booth, Gregory|title=Behind the curtain: making music in Mumbai's film studios|year=2008|publisher=OUP USA|isbn=978-0-19-532764-9|pages=[https://archive.org/details/behindcurtainmak00boot/page/275 275–276]|url=https://archive.org/details/behindcurtainmak00boot/page/275}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Srinivasan, Meera|title=Fans spend a sleepless night|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/27/stories/2009022759331200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301224259/http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/27/stories/2009022759331200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 March 2009|date=27 February 2009|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=18 August 2009}}</ref> and receive wide public admiration. Most of the playback singers are initially trained in classical music, but they later often expand their range.<ref>{{cite web|title=Realising a dream|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/02/17/stories/2003021701130200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030701125829/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/02/17/stories/2003021701130200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 July 2003|date=17 February 2003|author=Rajamani, Radhika|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=22 July 2009}}</ref> [[Mohammed Rafi]] and [[Ahmed Rushdi]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Rushdi remembered as magician of voice|date=12 April 2011|url=http://nation.com.pk/lahore/12-Apr-2011/rushdi-remembered-as-magician-of-voice|publisher=[[The Nation]]|access-date=8 March 2019|archive-date=13 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313171030/http://nation.com.pk/lahore/12-Apr-2011/Rushdi-remembered-as-magician-of-voice|url-status=live}}</ref> are regarded as two of the most influential playback singers in South Asia.<ref>*{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mohammed-rafi-mn0000582254 |title=Mohammed Rafi |last=Harris |first=Craig |website=www.allmusic.com |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-date=29 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829072129/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mohammed-rafi-mn0000582254 |url-status=live }}
+[[South Asian cinema|South Asian films]] produced in the Indian subcontinent frequently use this technique. A majority of [[Cinema of India|Indian films]] as well as [[Cinema of Pakistan|Pakistani films]] typically include six or seven songs. After ''[[Alam Ara]]'' (1931), the first Indian [[talkie film]], for many years singers made dual recordings for a film, one during the shoot, and later in the recording studio, until 1952 or 1953. Popular playback singers in India enjoy the same status as popular actors and music directors<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wolk |first=Douglas |date=April 1999 |title=Kill Your Radio: Music on The 'Net |journal=[[CMJ New Music]] |issue=Electro Media |page=61}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |author=D. Booth, Gregory |title=Behind the curtain: making music in Mumbai's film studios |year=2008 |publisher=OUP USA |isbn=978-0-19-532764-9 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/behindcurtainmak00boot/page/275 275–276] |url=https://archive.org/details/behindcurtainmak00boot/page/275}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Srinivasan, Meera |title=Fans spend a sleepless night |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/27/stories/2009022759331200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301224259/http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/27/stories/2009022759331200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 March 2009 |date=27 February 2009 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=18 August 2009}}</ref> and receive wide public admiration. Most of the playback singers are initially trained in classical music, but they later often expand their range.<ref>{{cite web |title=Realising a dream |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/02/17/stories/2003021701130200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030701125829/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/02/17/stories/2003021701130200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 July 2003 |date=17 February 2003 |author=Rajamani, Radhika |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=22 July 2009}}</ref>
-*{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/mohammad-rafi |work=[[The Times of India]] |title=Articles about Mohammad Rafi |access-date=15 April 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
-*{{cite web|title=Ahmed Rushdi, Remembering a legend|url=http://dawn.com/2012/04/11/remembering-a-legend-ahmed-rushdi/|work=Dawn News|date=11 April 2012|access-date=28 December 2012|archive-date=7 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207155713/http://dawn.com/2012/04/11/remembering-a-legend-ahmed-rushdi/|url-status=live}}
+[[Mohammed Rafi]] and [[Ahmed Rushdi]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Rushdi remembered as magician of voice |date=12 April 2011 |url=http://nation.com.pk/lahore/12-Apr-2011/rushdi-remembered-as-magician-of-voice |work=[[The Nation]] |access-date=8 March 2019 |archive-date=13 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313171030/http://nation.com.pk/lahore/12-Apr-2011/Rushdi-remembered-as-magician-of-voice |url-status=live}}</ref> are regarded as two of the most influential playback singers in South Asia.<ref>*{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mohammed-rafi-mn0000582254 |title=Mohammed Rafi |last=Harris |first=Craig |website=AllMusic |access-date=28 August 2018 |archive-date=29 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829072129/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mohammed-rafi-mn0000582254 |url-status=live}}
-*{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/5631/remembering-ahmed-rushdi/|work=The Express Tribune|title=Remembering Ahmed Rushdi|date=12 April 2010|access-date=28 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100427003202/http://tribune.com.pk/story/5631/remembering-ahmed-rushdi/|archive-date=27 April 2010}}</ref> The sisters [[Lata Mangeshkar]] and [[Asha Bhosle]], who have mainly worked in Hindi films, are often referred to as two of the best-known and most prolific playback singers in India.<ref name="monopolity">{{cite web|title=Only the best preferred|url=http://www.hindu.com/2001/05/18/stories/09180701.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030823024402/http://www.hindu.com/2001/05/18/stories/09180701.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 August 2003|date=18 May 2001|author=Gangadhar, v.|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=22 July 2009}}</ref><ref>*{{Cite book|author1=Gulzar |author2=Nihalani, Govind |author3=Chatterji, Saibal |title=Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema|year=2003|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=81-7991-066-0|pages=72–73}}
+*{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/mohammad-rafi |work=[[The Times of India]] |title=Articles about Mohammad Rafi |access-date=15 April 2013}}{{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
-*{{Cite book|title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music|year=2000|author=Arnold, Alison|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=0-8240-4946-2|pages=420–421}}
+*{{cite web |title=Ahmed Rushdi, Remembering a legend |url=http://dawn.com/2012/04/11/remembering-a-legend-ahmed-rushdi/ |work=Dawn News |date=11 April 2012 |access-date=28 December 2012 |archive-date=7 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207155713/http://dawn.com/2012/04/11/remembering-a-legend-ahmed-rushdi/ |url-status=live}}
-*{{cite web|author=Yasmeen, Afshan|title=Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen|url=http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/09/21/stories/2004092114010200.htm|date=21 September 2004|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=19 August 2009|archive-date=3 November 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103120451/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/09/21/stories/2004092114010200.htm|url-status=dead}}
+*{{cite web |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/5631/remembering-ahmed-rushdi/ |work=The Express Tribune |title=Remembering Ahmed Rushdi |date=12 April 2010 |access-date=28 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100427003202/http://tribune.com.pk/story/5631/remembering-ahmed-rushdi/ |archive-date=27 April 2010}}</ref> The sisters [[Lata Mangeshkar]] and [[Asha Bhosle]], who have mainly worked in Hindi films, are two of the best-known and most prolific playback singers in India.<ref name="monopolity">{{cite web |title=Only the best preferred |url=http://www.hindu.com/2001/05/18/stories/09180701.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030823024402/http://www.hindu.com/2001/05/18/stories/09180701.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 August 2003 |date=18 May 2001 |author=Gangadhar, v. |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=22 July 2009}}</ref><ref>*{{Cite book |author1=Gulzar |author2=Nihalani, Govind |author3=Chatterji, Saibal |title=Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema |year=2003 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=81-7991-066-0 |pages=72–73}}
-*{{Cite magazine|last=Pride|first=Dominic |date=August 1996 |title=The Latest Music News From Around The Planet|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |page=51}}
+*{{Cite book |title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music |year=2000 |author=Arnold, Alison |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=0-8240-4946-2 |pages=420–421}}
-*{{cite web|author=Puri, Amit|title=Dedicated to Queen of Melody|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030224/login/music.htm|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], Chandigarh|date=24 February 2003|access-date=18 August 2009|archive-date=24 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724143841/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030224/login/music.htm|url-status=live}}
+*{{cite web |author=Yasmeen, Afshan |title=Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen |url=http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/09/21/stories/2004092114010200.htm |date=21 September 2004 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=19 August 2009 |archive-date=3 November 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103120451/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/09/21/stories/2004092114010200.htm |url-status=dead}}
-*{{cite web|title=Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040929/nation.htm#12|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|location=Chandigarh|date=29 September 2004|access-date=18 August 2009|archive-date=14 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090814223634/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040929/nation.htm#12|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, ''Guinness'' officially acknowledged Bhosle as the most recorded artist in music history.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[DNA India]]|title=It's a world record for Asha Bhosle|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_its-a-world-record-for-asha-bhosle_1601969|date=22 October 2011|access-date=23 October 2011|author=Banerjee, Soumyadipta|archive-date=14 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130314034811/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_its-a-world-record-for-asha-bhosle_1601969|url-status=live}}</ref>
+*{{Cite magazine |last=Pride |first=Dominic |date=August 1996 |title=The Latest Music News From Around The Planet |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |page=51}}
+*{{cite web |author=Puri, Amit |title=Dedicated to Queen of Melody |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030224/login/music.htm |work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], Chandigarh |date=24 February 2003 |access-date=18 August 2009 |archive-date=24 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724143841/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030224/login/music.htm |url-status=live}}
+*{{cite web |title=Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040929/nation.htm#12 |work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |location=Chandigarh |date=29 September 2004 |access-date=18 August 2009 |archive-date=14 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090814223634/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040929/nation.htm#12 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, ''Guinness'' officially acknowledged Bhosle as the most recorded artist in music history.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[DNA India]] |title=It's a world record for Asha Bhosle |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_its-a-world-record-for-asha-bhosle_1601969 |date=22 October 2011 |access-date=23 October 2011 |author=Banerjee, Soumyadipta |archive-date=14 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130314034811/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_its-a-world-record-for-asha-bhosle_1601969 |url-status=live}}</ref>
 ==Hollywood==
-Playback singing is a well-known component of Hollywood musicals though less frequent in other genres. Notable [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] performances include [[Anita Ellis (singer)|Anita Ellis]] as the voice of [[Rita Hayworth]]'s title character in ''[[Gilda]]'' (1946). Both Anita Ellis's and Rita Hayworth's performances were so impressive that audiences did not know that Rita's voice had been dubbed. Called "the sexiest voice of 1946", Ellis's identity was not publicized. Rita Hayworth was instead credited on the soundtrack despite being sung by Ellis. This led audiences to believe for years that her voice belonged to Hayworth. There have been other uses of playback singing throughout Hollywood, including [[Marni Nixon]] in ''[[West Side Story (1961 film)|West Side Story]]'' for [[Natalie Wood|Natalie Wood's]] portrayal of Maria, in ''[[The King and I (1956 film)|The King and I]]'' for [[Deborah Kerr|Deborah Kerr's]] Anna Leonowens, and for [[Audrey Hepburn|Audrey Hepburn's]] Eliza in ''[[My Fair Lady]]''; [[Bill Lee (singer)|Bill Lee]] singing for John Kerr's Lieutenant Cable in ''[[South Pacific (1958 film)|South Pacific]]'' and for [[Christopher Plummer|Christopher Plummer's]] Captain von Trapp in ''[[The Sound of Music (film)|The Sound of Music]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0059742/fullcredits|title=The Sound of Music full credits|publisher=IMDb|access-date=15 April 2013|archive-date=7 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307023029/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0059742/fullcredits|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Lindsay Ridgeway]] for [[Ashley Peldon]]'s character as Darla Dimple in the animated film ''[[Cats Don't Dance]]'', [[Claudia Brücken]] providing the singing voice for [[Erika Heynatz|Erika Heynatz's]] character as Elsa Lichtmann in ''[[L.A. Noire]]'', and [[Betty Noyes]] singing for [[Debbie Reynolds]] in ''[[Singin' in the Rain]]'',<ref>Earl J. Hess and Pratibha A. Dabholkar, ''Singin' in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece'' (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2009), p145.</ref> a film in which playback singing is a major plot point.
+Playback singing is also used in Hollywood musicals though less frequently in other genres. Notable [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] performances include [[Anita Ellis (singer)|Anita Ellis]] as the voice of [[Rita Hayworth]]'s title character in ''[[Gilda]]'' (1946). Both Anita Ellis's and Rita Hayworth's performances were so impressive that audiences did not know that Rita's voice had been dubbed. Called "the sexiest voice of 1946", Ellis's identity was not publicized. Rita Hayworth was instead credited on the soundtrack.
+There have been other uses of playback singing throughout Hollywood, including [[Marni Nixon]] in ''[[West Side Story (1961 film)|West Side Story]]'' for [[Natalie Wood|Natalie Wood's]] portrayal of Maria, in ''[[The King and I (1956 film)|The King and I]]'' for [[Deborah Kerr|Deborah Kerr's]] Anna Leonowens, and for [[Audrey Hepburn|Audrey Hepburn's]] Eliza in ''[[My Fair Lady]]''; [[Bill Lee (singer)|Bill Lee]] singing for John Kerr's Lieutenant Cable in ''[[South Pacific (1958 film)|South Pacific]]'' and for [[Christopher Plummer|Christopher Plummer's]] Captain von Trapp in ''[[The Sound of Music (film)|The Sound of Music]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0059742/fullcredits |title=The Sound of Music full credits |publisher=IMDb |access-date=15 April 2013 |archive-date=7 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307023029/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0059742/fullcredits |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Lindsay Ridgeway]] for [[Ashley Peldon]]'s character as Darla Dimple in the animated film ''[[Cats Don't Dance]]'', [[Claudia Brücken]] providing the singing voice for [[Erika Heynatz|Erika Heynatz's]] character as Elsa Lichtmann in ''[[L.A. Noire]]'', and [[Betty Noyes]] singing for [[Debbie Reynolds]] in ''[[Singin' in the Rain]]'',<ref>Earl J. Hess and Pratibha A. Dabholkar, ''Singin' in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece'' (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2009), p145.</ref> a film in which playback singing is a major plot point.
 == Examples ==
@@ Line 25: / Line 30: @@
 Known playback singers include:
-* [[India Adams]], who dubbed for [[Cyd Charisse]] in ''[[The Band Wagon]]'' (1953).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=bk4qH3aKSTwC&pg=PT167&dq=india+adams+dub&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Ep25UYaJJ-fD7AaCy4DICQ&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=india%20adams&f=false Thomson, David (2008) ''Have You Seen...?': a Personal Introduction to 1,000 Films including masterpieces, oddities and guilty pleasures (with just a few disasters)''. Penguin UK] At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref> That same year, she also dubbed for [[Joan Crawford]] in ''[[Torch Song (1953 film)|Torch Song]]''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=skmnEUj3C84C&pg=PA174&dq=india+adams+dub&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Ep25UYaJJ-fD7AaCy4DICQ&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=india%20adams&f=false Quirk, Lawrence J. and William Schoell (2013) ''Joan Crawford: The Essential Biography'', p. 170. University Press of Kentucky] At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref>
+* [[India Adams]], who dubbed for [[Cyd Charisse]] in ''[[The Band Wagon]]'' (1953).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=bk4qH3aKSTwC&q=india+adams&pg=PT167 Thomson, David (2008) ''Have You Seen...?': a Personal Introduction to 1,000 Films including masterpieces, oddities and guilty pleasures (with just a few disasters)''. Penguin UK] At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref> That same year, she also dubbed for [[Joan Crawford]] in ''[[Torch Song (1953 film)|Torch Song]]''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=skmnEUj3C84C&q=india+adams&pg=PA174 Quirk, Lawrence J. and William Schoell (2013) ''Joan Crawford: The Essential Biography'', p. 170. University Press of Kentucky] At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref>
-* [[Bill Shirley]], who dubbed for [[Jeremy Brett]] in [[Warner Bros.]] ''[[My Fair Lady (film)|My Fair Lady]]''<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0794301/bio#trivia {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref>
+* [[Bill Shirley]], who dubbed for [[Jeremy Brett]] in [[Warner Bros.]] ''[[My Fair Lady (film)|My Fair Lady]]''<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0794301/bio#trivia {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528175700/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0794301/bio#trivia |date=28 May 2022 }} {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref>
-* [[Jo Ann Greer]], who dubbed for [[Rita Hayworth]], [[Kim Novak]], and [[Dorothy Malone]]<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=joan-greer-mcmahan-jo-ann&pid=58136 "Obituary: Joan Greer "Jo Ann" McMahan"] ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref>
+* [[Jo Ann Greer]], who dubbed for [[Rita Hayworth]], [[Kim Novak]], and [[Dorothy Malone]]<ref>[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=joan-greer-mcmahan-jo-ann&pid=58136 "Obituary: Joan Greer "Jo Ann" McMahan"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115202950/https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=joan-greer-mcmahan-jo-ann&pid=58136 |date=15 January 2021 }} ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref>
-* [[Marni Nixon]], who dubbed for [[Ingrid Bergman]] in ''[[Joan of Arc (1948 film)|Joan of Arc]]'', [[Deborah Kerr]] in ''[[The King and I (1956 film)|The King and I]]'' and ''[[An Affair To Remember]]'', for [[Natalie Wood]] in ''[[West Side Story (1961 film)|West Side Story]]'', for [[Audrey Hepburn]] in ''[[My Fair Lady (film)|My Fair Lady]]'' (1963), and for [[Marilyn Monroe]] in ''[[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953 film)|Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]]''<ref name="ghost">[https://articles.latimes.com/2011/jan/14/entertainment/la-et-india-20110114 "Ghost singer India Adams appears"] ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref>
+* [[Marni Nixon]], who dubbed for [[Ingrid Bergman]] in ''[[Joan of Arc (1948 film)|Joan of Arc]]'', [[Deborah Kerr]] in ''[[The King and I (1956 film)|The King and I]]'' and ''[[An Affair To Remember]]'', for [[Natalie Wood]] in ''[[West Side Story (1961 film)|West Side Story]]'', for [[Audrey Hepburn]] in ''[[My Fair Lady (film)|My Fair Lady]]'' (1963), and for [[Marilyn Monroe]] in ''[[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953 film)|Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]]''<ref name="ghost">[https://articles.latimes.com/2011/jan/14/entertainment/la-et-india-20110114 "Ghost singer India Adams appears"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170616124647/http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jan/14/entertainment/la-et-india-20110114 |date=16 June 2017 }} ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref>
 * [[Betty Wand]], who dubbed for [[Leslie Caron]] in ''[[Gigi (1958 film)|Gigi]]''<ref name="ghost" />
 * [[Betty Noyes]], who dubbed for [[Debbie Reynolds]] in ''[[Singin' in the Rain]]''
-* [[Annette Warren]], who dubbed for [[Ava Gardner]] in ''[[Show Boat (1951 film)|Show Boat]]''<ref name="ghost" /><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vrAnT9ZO9-cC&pg=PA218&dq=Annette+Warren&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Yr-5UdWeFMyA7Qbt9IDwBA&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Annette%20Warren&f=false Server, Lee (2007) ''Ava Gardner: "Love Is Nothing"'', p. 218. Macmillan, Apr 1, 2007] – At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref> and [[Lucille Ball]] in both ''[[Fancy Pants (film)|Fancy Pants]]'' and ''[[Sorrowful Jones]]''<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0912723 {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref>
+* [[Annette Warren]], who dubbed for [[Ava Gardner]] in ''[[Show Boat (1951 film)|Show Boat]]''<ref name="ghost" /><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vrAnT9ZO9-cC&dq=Annette+Warren&pg=PA218 Server, Lee (2007) ''Ava Gardner: "Love Is Nothing"'', p. 218. Macmillan, Apr 1, 2007] – At Google Books. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref> and [[Lucille Ball]] in both ''[[Fancy Pants (film)|Fancy Pants]]'' and ''[[Sorrowful Jones]]''<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0912723 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011093548/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0912723/ |date=11 October 2022 }} {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref>
 * [[Darlene Love]] ghost sang for girl group [[The Crystals]], as acknowledged in the documentary ''[[20 Feet From Stardom]]''
 * [[Bill Lee (singer)|Bill Lee]] provided the singing voice for Matt Mattox as Caleb Pontipee in ''[[Seven Brides for Seven Brothers]]'', [[John Kerr (actor)|John Kerr]] as Lieutenant Cable in ''[[South Pacific (1958 film)|South Pacific]]'' and for [[Christopher Plummer]] as Captain von Trapp in the film of ''[[The Sound of Music (1965 film)|The Sound of Music]]''
@@ Line 53: / Line 58: @@
 == External links ==
-* {{Wiktionary inline}}
+*
 [[Category:Playback singers| ]]
-[[Category:Cinema of India]]
 [[Category:Deception]]
 [[Category:Occupations in music]]
 [[Category:Film music]]
 [[Category:Music controversies| ]]