imported>Tommy Vercetti 18963 m Added given title by Sikhs |
robot: Create/update articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page. |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
| honorific-prefix = | | honorific-prefix = | ||
| name = | | name = Gurbachan Singh Manochahal | ||
| title = | | title = | ||
| native_name = | | native_name = {{Lang|pa|ਗੁਰਬਚਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਮਾਨੋਚਾਹਲ}} | ||
| image = | | image = | ||
| imagesize = | | imagesize = | ||
| office1 = [[Jathedar of Akal Takht | | office1 = [[Jathedar of the Akal Takht]] | ||
| alongside1 = | | alongside1 = | ||
| predecessor1 = Gurdev Singh Kaunke | | predecessor1 = Gurdev Singh Kaunke | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
| term_start1 = 27 April 1986 | | term_start1 = 27 April 1986 | ||
| term_end1 = 26 January 1987 | | term_end1 = 26 January 1987 | ||
| known_for = | | known_for = Founder of [[Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan]] | ||
| movement = | | movement = | ||
| blank1 = | | blank1 = | ||
| data1 = | | data1 = | ||
| blank2 = Post | | blank2 = Post | ||
| data2 = Chief | | data2 = Chief | ||
| honorific_prefix = Baba | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Gurbachan Singh Manochahal''' was a [[Khalistan | '''Gurbachan Singh Manochahal''' was a Sikh extremist militant, who founded the [[Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan|Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan]] in 1984.<ref> | ||
{{cite book | {{cite book | ||
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DnVPz-sG_64C&q=gurbachan+singh+manochahal+Jujharu&pg=PA37 | |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DnVPz-sG_64C&q=gurbachan+singh+manochahal+Jujharu&pg=PA37 | ||
| Line 46: | Line 47: | ||
|last2=Bakaya | |last2=Bakaya | ||
|isbn=9788121206594 | |isbn=9788121206594 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref><ref> | ||
{{cite book | {{cite book | ||
|last=Mahmood|first=Cynthia Keppley | |last=Mahmood|first=Cynthia Keppley | ||
| Line 55: | Line 56: | ||
|page=159ff | |page=159ff | ||
|isbn=9780812215922 | |isbn=9780812215922 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Gurbachan Singh | Gurbachan Singh was born on 6 June 1954 in the village Manochahal, [[Tarn Taran district]] in the Indian state of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] to S. Atma Singh and Gurmej Kaur. He served in the Indian Army during his youth. | ||
Manochahal was shot in the arm during the [[1978 Sikh–Nirankari clashes]]. | Manochahal was shot in the arm during the [[1978 Sikh–Nirankari clashes]]. After this incident, he had maintained a relationship with [[Damdami Taksal]] and became acquainted with other members of the organization, such as [[Amrik Singh]] and [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]]. | ||
==Insurgency== | ==Insurgency== | ||
{{sfn|Van Dyke|2009|p=990}} Manochahal led a resolution at the [[Sarbat Khalsa#Significant Gurmatas|1986 Sarbat Khalsa]] to declare the resolve of a separate Sikh homeland and also formed a Panthic committee which would lead Sikhs per this resolution.{{Citation needed|date=July 2018}} | {{sfn|Van Dyke|2009|p=990}} Manochahal led a resolution at the [[Sarbat Khalsa#Significant Gurmatas|1986 Sarbat Khalsa]] to declare the resolve of a separate Sikh homeland and also formed a Panthic committee which would lead Sikhs per this resolution.{{Citation needed|date=July 2018}} | ||
In 1992, a separate Panthic committee headed by Dr. Sohan Singh was formed. | In 1992, a separate Panthic committee headed by Dr. Sohan Singh was formed. It called for the boycott of the [[1992 Punjab Legislative Assembly election]]. Elections resulted in a Congress Government under [[Beant Singh (chief minister)|Beant Singh]] of the [[Indian National Congress|Congress Party]]. The formation of this committee undermined the influence of Manochahal who was criticized for his support for political participation and led to a divide between the armed groups within Punjab.{{Citation needed|date=July 2018}} | ||
Per Maloy Krishna Dhar, a former Joint Director, Intelligence Bureau, India, he was given the task to negotiate with Gurbachan Singh Manochahal. He contacted Manochahal through a journalist source, was blindfolded and taken a few hundred kilometres from Amritsar to meet with him where he secretly held negotiations for three hours before he was blindfolded again and transported back.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Old-men-and-their-Official-secrets/articleshow/1951335.cms|title=Old men and their Official secrets - Times of India|access-date=6 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211092642/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Old-men-and-their-Official-secrets/articleshow/1951335.cms|archive-date=11 February 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | Per Maloy Krishna Dhar, a former Joint Director, Intelligence Bureau, India, he was given the task to negotiate with Gurbachan Singh Manochahal. He contacted Manochahal through a journalist source, was blindfolded and taken a few hundred kilometres from Amritsar to meet with him where he secretly held negotiations for three hours before he was blindfolded again and transported back.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Old-men-and-their-Official-secrets/articleshow/1951335.cms|title=Old men and their Official secrets - Times of India|website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=6 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211092642/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Old-men-and-their-Official-secrets/articleshow/1951335.cms|archive-date=11 February 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | ||
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/india-today-40th-anniversary-the-rajiv-gandhi-years-shekhar-gupta/1/543076.html|title=The Rajiv Gandhi years|website=India Today|access-date=6 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206190125/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/india-today-40th-anniversary-the-rajiv-gandhi-years-shekhar-gupta/1/543076.html|archive-date=6 February 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/india-today-40th-anniversary-the-rajiv-gandhi-years-shekhar-gupta/1/543076.html|title=The Rajiv Gandhi years|website=India Today|access-date=6 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206190125/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/india-today-40th-anniversary-the-rajiv-gandhi-years-shekhar-gupta/1/543076.html|archive-date=6 February 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | ||
==Death== | ==Death== | ||
Manochahal carried a [[Bounty (reward)|bounty]] of {{INR}}30 [[lakh]] on his head. He was killed in a [[Encounter killings by police|police encounter]] on 1 March 1993 by [[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]]. Manochahal escaped from the police's [[Dragnet (policing)|dragnet]] on 27 February in Bagrian village before the police cornered him in the nearby Rataul village the following day. He was armed with a [[machine gun]] and After a heavy firefight, he was killed. The chief of the Punjab Police, [[Kanwar Pal Singh Gill]] later proclaimed, "Now I can say that we have finished militancy in Punjab."<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian police kill top Sikh guerilla |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-QwxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=IOEFAAAAIBAJ&dq=bhindranwala%20tigers%20force%20of%20khalistan&pg=1778%2C127110 |newspaper=[[The Daily Gazette]] |page=16 |date=1 March 1993}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Manochahal killed in encounter |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=1 March 1993 |page=1}}</ref> | |||
{{cite news | |||
}}</ref> | |||
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:41, 6 December 2022
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2017) |
Baba Gurbachan Singh Manochahal | |
|---|---|
| ਗੁਰਬਚਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਮਾਨੋਚਾਹਲ | |
| Jathedar of the Akal Takht | |
| In office 27 April 1986 – 26 January 1987 | |
| Preceded by | Gurdev Singh Kaunke |
| Succeeded by | Darshan Singh |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Gurbachan Singh 6 June 1954 Manochahal, Tarn Taran, Panjab |
| Died | 28 February 1993 (aged 38) Rataul, Tarn Taran, Panjab |
| Known for | Founder of Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan |
| Post | Chief |
Gurbachan Singh Manochahal was a Sikh extremist militant, who founded the Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan in 1984.[1][2]
Early life[edit | edit source]
Gurbachan Singh was born on 6 June 1954 in the village Manochahal, Tarn Taran district in the Indian state of Punjab to S. Atma Singh and Gurmej Kaur. He served in the Indian Army during his youth.
Manochahal was shot in the arm during the 1978 Sikh–Nirankari clashes. After this incident, he had maintained a relationship with Damdami Taksal and became acquainted with other members of the organization, such as Amrik Singh and Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale.
Insurgency[edit | edit source]
[3] Manochahal led a resolution at the 1986 Sarbat Khalsa to declare the resolve of a separate Sikh homeland and also formed a Panthic committee which would lead Sikhs per this resolution.[citation needed]
In 1992, a separate Panthic committee headed by Dr. Sohan Singh was formed. It called for the boycott of the 1992 Punjab Legislative Assembly election. Elections resulted in a Congress Government under Beant Singh of the Congress Party. The formation of this committee undermined the influence of Manochahal who was criticized for his support for political participation and led to a divide between the armed groups within Punjab.[citation needed]
Per Maloy Krishna Dhar, a former Joint Director, Intelligence Bureau, India, he was given the task to negotiate with Gurbachan Singh Manochahal. He contacted Manochahal through a journalist source, was blindfolded and taken a few hundred kilometres from Amritsar to meet with him where he secretly held negotiations for three hours before he was blindfolded again and transported back.[4]
Death[edit | edit source]
Manochahal carried a bounty of ₹30 lakh on his head. He was killed in a police encounter on 1 March 1993 by Punjab Police. Manochahal escaped from the police's dragnet on 27 February in Bagrian village before the police cornered him in the nearby Rataul village the following day. He was armed with a machine gun and After a heavy firefight, he was killed. The chief of the Punjab Police, Kanwar Pal Singh Gill later proclaimed, "Now I can say that we have finished militancy in Punjab."[6][7]
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Van Dyke, Virginia (2009), "The Khalistan Movement in Punjab, India, and the Post-Militancy Era: Structural Change and New Political Compulsions", Asian Survey, 49 (6): 975–997, doi:10.1525/as.2009.49.6.975 https://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Gurbachan_Singh_Manochal
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Dang, Satyapal; Bakaya, Ravi M. (1 January 2000). Kharku lehar in Punjab. Gyan Books. p. 412 pages. ISBN 9788121206594.
- ↑ Mahmood, Cynthia Keppley (1996). Fighting for Faith and Nation. Series in Contemporary Ethnography. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 159ff. ISBN 9780812215922.
- ↑ Van Dyke 2009, p. 990.
- ↑ "Old men and their Official secrets - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
- ↑ "The Rajiv Gandhi years". India Today. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
- ↑ "Indian police kill top Sikh guerilla". The Daily Gazette. 1 March 1993. p. 16.
- ↑ "Manochahal killed in encounter". The Indian Express. 1 March 1993. p. 1.