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{{short description| | {{short description|Folk heroine-warrior of Chitradurga fort}} | ||
<!--{{Expert-subject-multiple|Biography|India|date=June 2008}}--> | <!--{{Expert-subject-multiple|Biography|India|date=June 2008}}--> | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}} | ||
[[File:Obavvana Kindi.JPG|thumb|Onake Obavvana ''kindi'' inside Chitradurga Fort]] | [[File:Obavvana Kindi.JPG|thumb|Onake Obavvana ''kindi'' inside Chitradurga Fort]] | ||
'''Onake Obavva''' ({{lang-kn|ಒನಕೆ ಓಬವ್ವ}}, 18th Century) was a | '''Onake Obavva''' ({{lang-kn|ಒನಕೆ ಓಬವ್ವ}}, 18th Century) was a Karnataka hindu warrior who fought the forces of [[Hyder Ali]] single-handedly with a [[pestle]] (''Onake'')<ref name="jasmine">{{cite book |last1= Cathy Spagnoli |first1=Paramasivam Samanna |title=Jasmine and Coconuts: South Indian Tales |year=1999 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6_Aci8KA7JEC&q=obavva&pg=PA112 |access-date=10 September 2012 |edition=1999 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|location=Englewood, USA |isbn=9781563085765 }}</ref> in the kingdom of [[Chitradurga]] of [[Karnataka]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/why-bjp-against-tipu-sultan-and-was-always-case-71211|title=Why is BJP against Tipu Sultan, and was this always the case?|date=7 November 2017}}</ref> Her husband was a guard of a watchtower in the rocky fort of [[Chitradurga]].<ref name="Mysore" /> In the state of [[Karnataka]], she is celebrated along with [[Abbakka Rani]], [[Keladi Chennamma]] and [[Kittur Chennamma]], as the foremost women warriors and patriots. She belonged to the [[Holeya|Holayas]] ([[Chalavadi]]) community.<ref name="gazetteer">{{cite book |editor1-first=Sri Sathyan |editor1-last=B.N |title=Mysore State Gazetteer - Chitradurga District |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=66q1AAAAIAAJ&q=obavva |access-date= 10 September 2012 |volume= 4 |year=1967 |publisher=Govt. of Mysore |location=Bangalore |page=393 }}</ref> | ||
==Heroics of Obavva== | ==Heroics of Obavva== | ||
During the reign of [[Madakari Nayaka]], the city of Chitradurga was besieged by the troops of [[Hyder Ali]] (1754-1779). A chance sighting of a man entering the Chitradurga fort through a hole in the rocks led to a plan by Hyder Ali to send his soldiers through that hole. The Guard (Kahale Mudda Hanuma, who was on duty near that hole) had gone home to have his lunch. During his meal he needed some water to drink, so his wife Obavva went to collect water in a pot<ref name="Mysore">{{cite book |title=March of Mysore Vol.3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=97YeAQAAIAAJ&q=obavva |access-date=10 September 2012 |edition=1966 |year= 1966}}</ref> from a pond which was near the hole in the rocks, halfway up the hill.<ref name="history">{{cite book |last1=Hayavadana Rao |first1=Conjeevaram |title=History of Mysore (1399-1799 AD) 1766-1799 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZ4D3zfzbKgC&q=obavva |access-date=10 September 2012 |volume= 3 |publisher=Govt. of Mysore |location=Bangalore |page=260 }}</ref> She noticed the army trying to enter the fort through the hole. She used the ''Onake'' or pestle (a wooden long club meant for pounding paddy grains) to kill the soldiers one by one by hitting them on the head and then quietly moving the dead without raising the suspicions of the rest of the troops. Mudda Hanuma, Obavva's husband, returned from lunch, was shocked to see Obavva standing with a blood stained ''Onake'' and several of the enemies' dead bodies around her. Later, the same day, she was found dead either due to shock or having been killed by the enemy soldiers.<ref name="jasmine"/> Though her brave attempt saved the fort this time, Madakari could not resist the attack by Hyder Ali during 1779, when the fort of Chitradurga was lost to Hyder Ali.<ref name=shintri>{{Cite book|author= Sarojini Shintri|author2=Kurukundi Raghavendra Rao|pages=151|title= Women freedom fighters in Karnataka|access-date=2009-06-17|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HwEtAAAAIAAJ&q=Chitradurg+fort|publisher= Prasaranga, Karnatak University|year=1983}}</ref> | During the reign of [[Madakari Nayaka]], the city of Chitradurga was besieged by the troops of [[Hyder Ali]] (1754-1779). A chance sighting of a man entering the Chitradurga fort through a hole in the rocks led to a plan by Hyder Ali to send his soldiers through that hole. The Guard (Kahale Mudda Hanuma, who was on duty near that hole) had gone home to have his lunch. During his meal he needed some water to drink, so his wife Obavva went to collect water in a pot<ref name="Mysore">{{cite book |title=March of Mysore Vol.3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=97YeAQAAIAAJ&q=obavva |access-date=10 September 2012 |edition=1966 |year= 1966}}</ref> from a pond which was near the hole in the rocks, halfway up the hill.<ref name="history">{{cite book |last1=Hayavadana Rao |first1=Conjeevaram |title=History of Mysore (1399-1799 AD) 1766-1799 |year=1943 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZ4D3zfzbKgC&q=obavva |access-date=10 September 2012 |volume= 3 |publisher=Govt. of Mysore |location=Bangalore |page=260 }}</ref> She noticed the army trying to enter the fort through the hole. She used the ''Onake'' or pestle (a wooden long club meant for pounding paddy grains) to kill the soldiers one by one by hitting them on the head and then quietly moving the dead without raising the suspicions of the rest of the troops. Mudda Hanuma, Obavva's husband, returned from lunch, was shocked to see Obavva standing with a blood stained ''Onake'' and several of the enemies' dead bodies around her. Later, the same day, she was found dead either due to shock or having been killed by the enemy soldiers.<ref name="jasmine"/> Though her brave attempt saved the fort this time, Madakari could not resist the attack by Hyder Ali during 1779, when the fort of Chitradurga was lost to Hyder Ali.<ref name=shintri>{{Cite book|author= Sarojini Shintri|author2=Kurukundi Raghavendra Rao|pages=151|title= Women freedom fighters in Karnataka|access-date=2009-06-17|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HwEtAAAAIAAJ&q=Chitradurg+fort|publisher= Prasaranga, Karnatak University|year=1983}}</ref> | ||
== Legacy == | == Legacy == | ||
She is considered to be the epitome of [[Kannada]] female pride. The hole through which Hyder Ali's soldiers sneaked is called Onake Obavvana ''Kindi'' (kindi=hole) or ''Onake kindi''.<ref name="gazetteer" /> Her heroic effort is depicted in a famous song-sequence in [[Nagarahavu]] picture directed by [[Puttanna Kanagal]]. The sports stadium in Chitradurga - Veera Vanithe Onake Obavva Stadium, is named after her,<ref>{{cite book |last1= John|first1= Jijo K.|title=Studies in South |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qSRo4_35T78C&q=obavva&pg=PA24 |access-date=10 September 2012 |edition=2005 |volume=2 |issue=1 |publisher=Printnet Info Services Pvt Ltd. |location=Bangalore |page=24 }}</ref> and she is commemorated with a statue sculpted by [[Ashok Gudigar]], erected in front of the District Commissioner’s office in Chittradurga<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/blewis/www/chitradurga.htm|title=An Informal History of the Chitradurga Nayakas|last=Lewis|first=Barry|date=2007|website=Barry Lewis UIUC Department of Anthropology|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515154647/https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/blewis/www/chitradurga.htm|archive-date=15 May 2011|access-date=25 April 2018}}</ref> | She is considered to be the epitome of [[Kannada]] female pride. The hole through which Hyder Ali's soldiers sneaked is called Onake Obavvana ''Kindi'' (kindi=hole) or ''Onake kindi''.<ref name="gazetteer" /> Her heroic effort is depicted in a famous song-sequence in [[Nagarahavu]] picture directed by [[Puttanna Kanagal]]. The sports stadium in Chitradurga - [[Veera Vanithe Onake Obavva Stadium]], is named after her,<ref>{{cite book |last1= John|first1= Jijo K.|title=Studies in South |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qSRo4_35T78C&q=obavva&pg=PA24 |access-date=10 September 2012 |edition=2005 |volume=2 |issue=1 |publisher=Printnet Info Services Pvt Ltd. |location=Bangalore |page=24 }}</ref> and she is commemorated with a statue sculpted by [[Ashok Gudigar]], erected in front of the District Commissioner’s office in Chittradurga<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/blewis/www/chitradurga.htm|title=An Informal History of the Chitradurga Nayakas|last=Lewis|first=Barry|date=2007|website=Barry Lewis UIUC Department of Anthropology|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515154647/https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/blewis/www/chitradurga.htm|archive-date=15 May 2011|access-date=25 April 2018}}</ref> | ||
== In popular culture == | == In popular culture == | ||
The 2019 [[Kannada]] language historical drama film ''Chitradurgada Onake Obavva'', starring Kannada actress Tara as Onake Obavva.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chitradurgada Onake Obavva (2019)|url=https://www.moviebuff.com/chitradurgada-onake-obavva|publisher=Movie Buff|date=21 June 2019}}</ref> | The 2019 [[Kannada]] language historical drama film ''Chitradurgada Onake Obavva'', starring Kannada actress Tara as Onake Obavva.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chitradurgada Onake Obavva (2019)|url=https://www.moviebuff.com/chitradurgada-onake-obavva|publisher=Movie Buff|date=21 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
Actress [[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]] played the role of Onake Obavva in the movie Nagarahaavu. | Actress [[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]] played the role of Onake Obavva in the movie [[Naagarahaavu|Nagarahaavu]]. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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[[Category:Women in 18th-century warfare]] | [[Category:Women in 18th-century warfare]] | ||
[[Category:Indian women in war]] | [[Category:Indian women in war]] | ||
[[Category:People from Chitradurga]] | [[Category:People from Chitradurga]] | ||
[[Category:18th-century Indian women]] | [[Category:18th-century Indian women]] | ||
Revision as of 02:22, 21 September 2022
Onake Obavva (Kannada: ಒನಕೆ ಓಬವ್ವ, 18th Century) was a Karnataka hindu warrior who fought the forces of Hyder Ali single-handedly with a pestle (Onake)[1] in the kingdom of Chitradurga of Karnataka, India.[2] Her husband was a guard of a watchtower in the rocky fort of Chitradurga.[3] In the state of Karnataka, she is celebrated along with Abbakka Rani, Keladi Chennamma and Kittur Chennamma, as the foremost women warriors and patriots. She belonged to the Holayas (Chalavadi) community.[4]
Heroics of Obavva
During the reign of Madakari Nayaka, the city of Chitradurga was besieged by the troops of Hyder Ali (1754-1779). A chance sighting of a man entering the Chitradurga fort through a hole in the rocks led to a plan by Hyder Ali to send his soldiers through that hole. The Guard (Kahale Mudda Hanuma, who was on duty near that hole) had gone home to have his lunch. During his meal he needed some water to drink, so his wife Obavva went to collect water in a pot[3] from a pond which was near the hole in the rocks, halfway up the hill.[5] She noticed the army trying to enter the fort through the hole. She used the Onake or pestle (a wooden long club meant for pounding paddy grains) to kill the soldiers one by one by hitting them on the head and then quietly moving the dead without raising the suspicions of the rest of the troops. Mudda Hanuma, Obavva's husband, returned from lunch, was shocked to see Obavva standing with a blood stained Onake and several of the enemies' dead bodies around her. Later, the same day, she was found dead either due to shock or having been killed by the enemy soldiers.[1] Though her brave attempt saved the fort this time, Madakari could not resist the attack by Hyder Ali during 1779, when the fort of Chitradurga was lost to Hyder Ali.[6]
Legacy
She is considered to be the epitome of Kannada female pride. The hole through which Hyder Ali's soldiers sneaked is called Onake Obavvana Kindi (kindi=hole) or Onake kindi.[4] Her heroic effort is depicted in a famous song-sequence in Nagarahavu picture directed by Puttanna Kanagal. The sports stadium in Chitradurga - Veera Vanithe Onake Obavva Stadium, is named after her,[7] and she is commemorated with a statue sculpted by Ashok Gudigar, erected in front of the District Commissioner’s office in Chittradurga[8]
In popular culture
The 2019 Kannada language historical drama film Chitradurgada Onake Obavva, starring Kannada actress Tara as Onake Obavva.[9]
Actress Jayanthi played the role of Onake Obavva in the movie Nagarahaavu.
See also
- Belawadi Mallamma
- Keladi Chennamma
- Abbakka Rani
- Kitturu Chennamma
- Household Stone Implements in Karnataka
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cathy Spagnoli, Paramasivam Samanna (1999). Jasmine and Coconuts: South Indian Tales (1999 ed.). Englewood, USA: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9781563085765. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
- ↑ "Why is BJP against Tipu Sultan, and was this always the case?". 7 November 2017.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 March of Mysore Vol.3 (1966 ed.). 1966. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 B.N, Sri Sathyan, ed. (1967). Mysore State Gazetteer - Chitradurga District. Vol. 4. Bangalore: Govt. of Mysore. p. 393. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
- ↑ Hayavadana Rao, Conjeevaram (1943). History of Mysore (1399-1799 AD) 1766-1799. Vol. 3. Bangalore: Govt. of Mysore. p. 260. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
- ↑ Sarojini Shintri; Kurukundi Raghavendra Rao (1983). Women freedom fighters in Karnataka. Prasaranga, Karnatak University. p. 151. Retrieved 17 June 2009.
- ↑ John, Jijo K. Studies in South. Vol. 2 (2005 ed.). Bangalore: Printnet Info Services Pvt Ltd. p. 24. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
- ↑ Lewis, Barry (2007). "An Informal History of the Chitradurga Nayakas". Barry Lewis UIUC Department of Anthropology. Archived from the original on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- ↑ "Chitradurgada Onake Obavva (2019)". Movie Buff. 21 June 2019.