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{{About|the Commander-in-Chief of India|Admiral John Rivett-Carnac, the Australian explorer|John Rivett-Carnac}} | {{About|the Commander-in-Chief of India|Admiral John Rivett-Carnac, the Australian explorer|John Rivett-Carnac}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date= | {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}} | ||
{{Infobox military person | {{Infobox military person | ||
| name =John Carnac | | name =John Carnac | ||
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| placeofburial = | | placeofburial = | ||
| birth_place = | | birth_place = | ||
| death_place =[[Mangalore]], [[ | | death_place =[[Mangalore]], [[Kingdom of Mysore]] | ||
| placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} --> | | placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} --> | ||
| nickname = | | nickname = | ||
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==Military career== | ==Military career== | ||
Educated at [[Trinity College | Educated at [[Trinity College Dublin]],<ref name=odnb>[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/4711 John Carnac at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]</ref> John Carnac voyaged to [[British India|India]] as a lieutenant in the [[39th (Dorsetshire) Regiment of Foot|39th Regiment]] in 1754<ref name=odnb/> and served at [[Madras]] as secretary and aide-de-camp to the colonel of the regiment, [[John Adlercron]].<ref name=odnb/> He joined the service of the [[British East India Company|East India Company]] as [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain]] in 1758 after transferring from the 39th foot.<ref name=odnb/> After his arrival in [[Bengal]] he became secretary and aide-de-camp to [[Robert Clive]], governor of Bengal, and joined him in an expedition against the Prince [[Shah Alam II|Ali Gauhar]], son of the Mughal emperor [[Alamgir II]].<ref name=odnb/> | ||
In 1761 he engaged with and defeated [[Shah Alam II]].<ref name=odnb/> He became Brigadier-General in 1764<ref name=odnb/> and participated with Clive in the negotiations with [[Shuja-ud-Daula]] and the Mughal emperor [[Shah Alam II]] in 1765.<ref name=odnb/> | In 1761 he engaged with and defeated [[Shah Alam II]].<ref name=odnb/> He became Brigadier-General in 1764<ref name=odnb/> and participated with Clive in the negotiations with [[Shuja-ud-Daula]] and the Mughal emperor [[Shah Alam II]] in 1765.<ref name=odnb/> | ||
In 1767, Carnac resigned from the company's service in January and returned to England.<ref name=odnb/> He purchased an estate near [[Ringwood]] in [[Hampshire]] and also participated in a largely unsuccessful housing development in [[Southampton]].<ref name=odnb/> From 1768 to 1773 he served as M.P. for [[Leominster (UK Parliament constituency)|Leominster]]. In 1772 he was elected a [[Fellow of the Royal Society]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27carnac%27%29| title = Library and Archive Catalogue|publisher= Royal Society|access-date =2012-03-17}}</ref> | In 1767, Carnac resigned from the company's service in January and returned to England.<ref name=odnb/> He purchased an estate near [[Ringwood, Hampshire|Ringwood]] in [[Hampshire]] and also participated in a largely unsuccessful housing development in [[Southampton]].<ref name=odnb/> From 1768 to 1773 he served as M.P. for [[Leominster (UK Parliament constituency)|Leominster]]. In 1772 he was elected a [[Fellow of the Royal Society]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27carnac%27%29| title = Library and Archive Catalogue|publisher= Royal Society|access-date =2012-03-17}}</ref> | ||
By 1773 Carnac was short of money and he returned to India as a member of the Council at [[Bombay]].<ref name=odnb/> He was dismissed from the East India Company for his involvement in the Convention of Wadgaon in 1779<ref name=odnb/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/633788/Convention-of-Wadgaon|title=Convention of Wadgaon |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> and died at [[Mangalore]] in November 1800.<ref name=odnb/> | By 1773 Carnac was short of money and he returned to India as a member of the Council at [[Bombay]].<ref name=odnb/> He was dismissed from the East India Company for his involvement in the Convention of Wadgaon in 1779<ref name=odnb/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/633788/Convention-of-Wadgaon|title=Convention of Wadgaon |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> and died at [[Mangalore]] in November 1800.<ref name=odnb/> | ||
==Family== | ==Family== | ||
[[File:Smith mrs carnac.jpg|thumb| | [[File:Smith mrs carnac.jpg|thumb|Mrs. Carnac]]In 1765 John Carnac married Elizabeth Woollaston.<ref name=odnb/> Then in 1769 he married [[Elizabeth Catherine Rivett]]<ref name=odnb/> (1751–80), daughter of [[Thomas Rivett (1713-1763)]],<ref name="Wallace Collection Online">{{cite web | url = http://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=64925| title = Joshua Reynolds, Mrs Elizabeth Carnac |publisher = Wallace Collection Online |access-date =2013-09-07}}</ref> who had been an MP and Mayor of Derby. A 1775-76 portrait of Mrs. Carnac by [[Sir Joshua Reynolds]] hangs in the Wallace Collection in London;<ref name="Wallace Collection Online"/> a 1778 mezzotint engraving by [[John Raphael Smith]] after Reynolds' painting is at the Art Museum of Estonia,<ref>{{cite web | url = http://digikogu.ekm.ee/eng/fpage/search/oid-2273| title = John Raphael Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Carnac |publisher = Art Museum of Estonia Digital Collection |access-date =2013-09-07}}</ref> with a proof impression at the British Museum.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pd/j/john_raphael_smith,_mrs_carnac.aspx| title = John Raphael Smith, Mrs Carnac, a mezzotint after a painting by Sir Joshua Reynolds |publisher = British Museum|access-date =2013-09-07}}</ref> | ||
[[File:The Success hove down to the Couizer -ca. 1829-1830-.jpg|300px|thumbnail|''Success'' undergoing repairs after running aground on Carnac Reef, 1829-30]] | [[File:The Success hove down to the Couizer -ca. 1829-1830-.jpg|300px|thumbnail|''Success'' undergoing repairs after running aground on Carnac Reef, 1829-30]] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
{{s-end}} | {{s-end}} | ||
{{Use British English|date=August | {{Use British English|date=August 2022}} | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
Revision as of 19:14, 27 November 2022
John Carnac | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1716 |
| Died | 29 November 1800 Mangalore, Kingdom of Mysore |
| Allegiance | File:Union flag 1606 (Kings Colors).svg Kingdom of Great Britain |
| Service/ | British Army |
| Rank | Brigadier General |
| Commands held | Indian Army |
Brigadier-General John Carnac (1716 – 29 November 1800) was a British officer who served three times as Commander-in-Chief of India. The son of Capt. Peter Carnac (1665–1756), and Andrienne, née Lelonte (d. c.1762), he was baptised in London.
Military career
Educated at Trinity College Dublin,[1] John Carnac voyaged to India as a lieutenant in the 39th Regiment in 1754[1] and served at Madras as secretary and aide-de-camp to the colonel of the regiment, John Adlercron.[1] He joined the service of the East India Company as Captain in 1758 after transferring from the 39th foot.[1] After his arrival in Bengal he became secretary and aide-de-camp to Robert Clive, governor of Bengal, and joined him in an expedition against the Prince Ali Gauhar, son of the Mughal emperor Alamgir II.[1]
In 1761 he engaged with and defeated Shah Alam II.[1] He became Brigadier-General in 1764[1] and participated with Clive in the negotiations with Shuja-ud-Daula and the Mughal emperor Shah Alam II in 1765.[1]
In 1767, Carnac resigned from the company's service in January and returned to England.[1] He purchased an estate near Ringwood in Hampshire and also participated in a largely unsuccessful housing development in Southampton.[1] From 1768 to 1773 he served as M.P. for Leominster. In 1772 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.[2]
By 1773 Carnac was short of money and he returned to India as a member of the Council at Bombay.[1] He was dismissed from the East India Company for his involvement in the Convention of Wadgaon in 1779[1][3] and died at Mangalore in November 1800.[1]
Family
In 1765 John Carnac married Elizabeth Woollaston.[1] Then in 1769 he married Elizabeth Catherine Rivett[1] (1751–80), daughter of Thomas Rivett (1713-1763),[4] who had been an MP and Mayor of Derby. A 1775-76 portrait of Mrs. Carnac by Sir Joshua Reynolds hangs in the Wallace Collection in London;[4] a 1778 mezzotint engraving by John Raphael Smith after Reynolds' painting is at the Art Museum of Estonia,[5] with a proof impression at the British Museum.[6]
John Carnac's last will and testament made his brother-in-law James Rivett his heir, provided that he assumed the additional name of Carnac, which he did in 1801.[1] Two of James's sons became famous: Sir James Rivett-Carnac, 1st Bt, became a Governor of Bombay Presidency, while Admiral John Rivett-Carnac became an early explorer of Australia, where Carnac Island was named in his honor by Captain James Stirling when Rivett-Carnac was first lieutenant on HMS Success on the Swan River expedition of 1827.
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 John Carnac at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ↑ "Library and Archive Catalogue". Royal Society. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
- ↑ "Convention of Wadgaon". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Joshua Reynolds, Mrs Elizabeth Carnac". Wallace Collection Online. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
- ↑ "John Raphael Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Carnac". Art Museum of Estonia Digital Collection. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
- ↑ "John Raphael Smith, Mrs Carnac, a mezzotint after a painting by Sir Joshua Reynolds". British Museum. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
External links
- James Rivett profile. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
- Usher Family in Scotland: John Carnac profile. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
- Usher Family in Scotland: Elizabeth Rivett, later Carnac profile. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
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| Unrecognised parameter | ||
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| Preceded by Edward Willes Jenison Shafto |
Member of Parliament for Leominster 1768–1774 With: Jenison Shafto to March 1768 The Viscount Bateman from March 1768 |
Succeeded by The Viscount Bateman Thomas Hill |