Jadunath Sarkar: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Indian historian}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2010}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2010}}
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| caption            = Jadunath Sarkar, {{circa|1926}}{{sfn|Chakrabarty|2015|p=ii}}
| caption            = Jadunath Sarkar, {{circa|1926}}{{sfn|Chakrabarty|2015|p=ii}}
| birth_date        = 10 December 1870
| birth_date        = 10 December 1870
| birth_place        = Karachmaria, [[Singra Upazila|Singra]], [[Natore]], [[British India]]
| birth_place        = Karachmaria, [[Singra Upazila|Singra]], [[Natore]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date        = 19 May 1958 (aged 87)
| death_date        = 19 May 1958 (aged 87)
| death_place        = [[Calcutta]], [[India]]
| death_place        = [[Calcutta]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| occupation        = Historian
| occupation        = Historian
| spouse            = Lady Kadambini Sarkar
| spouse            = Lady Kadambini Sarkar
}}
}}


'''Sir Jadunath Sarkar''' {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|CIE}} (10 December 1870 – 19 May 1958) was a prominent [[India]]n historian and a specialist on the [[Mughal dynasty]].
'''Sir Jadunath Sarkar''' {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|CIE|FRAS}} (10 December 1870 – 19 May 1958) was a prominent [[India]]n historian and a specialist on the [[Mughal dynasty]].


== Academic career ==
== Academic career ==
Sarkar was born in Karachmaria village in [[Natore District|Natore]], [[Bengal]] to Rajkumar Sarkar, the local [[Zamindar]] on 10 December 1870.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=19 March 2015|title=Sarkar, Jadunath|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Sarkar,_Jadunath|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608164517/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Sarkar,_Jadunath|archive-date=8 June 2020|access-date=30 November 2019|website=[[Banglapedia]]}}</ref> In 1891, he graduated in English from [[Presidency College, Kolkata|Presidency College, Calcutta]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1892, he topped the [[Master of Arts|Master of Arts examination]], in English at [[Calcutta University]] and in 1897, he received the [[Premchand Roychand|Premchand-Roychand Scholarship]].<ref name=":0" />
Sarkar was born in Karachmaria village in [[Natore District|Natore]], [[Bengal]] to Rajkumar Sarkar, the local [[Zamindar]] on 10 December 1870.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=19 March 2015|title=Sarkar, Jadunath|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Sarkar,_Jadunath|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608164517/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Sarkar,_Jadunath|archive-date=8 June 2020|access-date=30 November 2019|website=[[Banglapedia]]}}</ref> In 1891, he graduated in English from [[Presidency College, Kolkata|Presidency College, Calcutta]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1892, he topped the [[Master of Arts|Master of Arts examination]], in English at [[Calcutta University]] and in 1897, he received the [[Premchand Roychand|Premchand-Roychand Scholarship]].<ref name=":0" />


In 1893, he was inducted as a faculty of English literature at Ripon College, [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] (later renamed [[Surendranath College]]).<ref name=":0" /> In 1898, he was appointed at [[Presidency College, Calcutta]] after getting selected in the [[Provincial Education Services]].<ref name=":0" /> In between, from 1917 to 1919, he taught Modern Indian History in [[Benaras Hindu University]] and from 1919–1923, both English and History, at [[Ravenshaw College]], [[Cuttack]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1923, he became an honorary member of the [[Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|Royal Asiatic Society]] of London. In August 1926, he was appointed as the [[Vice Chancellor]] of [[Calcutta University]]. In 1928, he joined as Sir W. Meyer Lecturer in [[Madras University]].
In 1893, he was inducted as a faculty of English literature at Ripon College, [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] (later renamed [[Surendranath College]]).<ref name=":0" /> In 1898, he was appointed at [[Presidency College, Calcutta]] after getting selected in the [[Provincial Education Services]].<ref name=":0" /> In between, from 1917 to 1919, he taught modern Indian history in [[Benaras Hindu University]] and from 1919 to 1923, both English and history, at [[Ravenshaw College]], [[Cuttack]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1923, he became an honorary member of the [[Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|Royal Asiatic Society]] of London. In August 1926, he was appointed as the [[Vice Chancellor]] of [[Calcutta University]]. In 1928, he joined as Sir W. Meyer Lecturer in [[Madras University]].


== Historiography ==
== Historiography ==
Line 28: Line 29:


Academically, Jos J. L. Gommans compares Sarkar's work with those of the [[Aligarh Muslim University|Aligarh historians]], noting that while the historians from the Aligarh worked mainly on the [[mansabdar]]i system and [[gunpowder]] technology in the [[Mughal Empire]], Sarkar concentrated on [[military tactics]] and [[siege]]s.<ref name="Gommans2002">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vA3YVOt9QZUC&pg=PA1|title=Mughal Warfare: Indian Frontiers and Highroads to Empire, 1500-1700|author=Jos J. L. Gommans|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-415-23989-9|pages=1}}</ref>{{Undue weight inline|date=January 2020|reason=Non-notable scholar.}}
Academically, Jos J. L. Gommans compares Sarkar's work with those of the [[Aligarh Muslim University|Aligarh historians]], noting that while the historians from the Aligarh worked mainly on the [[mansabdar]]i system and [[gunpowder]] technology in the [[Mughal Empire]], Sarkar concentrated on [[military tactics]] and [[siege]]s.<ref name="Gommans2002">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vA3YVOt9QZUC&pg=PA1|title=Mughal Warfare: Indian Frontiers and Highroads to Empire, 1500-1700|author=Jos J. L. Gommans|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-415-23989-9|pages=1}}</ref>{{Undue weight inline|date=January 2020|reason=Non-notable scholar.}}
He has been called the "greatest Indian historian of his time" and one of the greatest in the world, whose erudite works "have established a tradition of honest and scholarly historiography" by E. Sreedharan.<ref name="Historiography 2000, p. 448">A Textbook of Historiography, 500 B.C. to A.D. 2000, E. Sreedharan, p. 448</ref>{{Undue weight inline|date=November 2019|reason=Non-notable scholar.}} He has also been compared with [[Theodor Mommsen]] and [[Leopold von Ranke]].<ref name="Historiography 2000, p. 448" />{{Undue weight inline|date=November 2019|reason=Non-notable scholar.}}


== Honors ==
== Honors ==
Line 35: Line 34:


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==
The [[Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta]], an autonomous research center, has been established in his house, which was donated to the state government by Sarkar's wife. CSSC also houses the Jadunath Bhavan Museum and Resource Centre, a museum-cum-archive of primary sources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/in-the-memory-of-jadunath-sarkar/cid/1610057|title=In the memory of Jadunath Sarkar|website=The Telegraph|language=en|access-date=2019-11-30}}</ref>
The [[Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta]], an autonomous research center, has been established in his house, which was donated to the state government by Sarkar's wife. CSSC also houses the Jadunath Bhavan Museum and Resource Centre, a museum-cum-archive of primary sources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/in-the-memory-of-jadunath-sarkar/cid/1610057|title=In the memory of Jadunath Sarkar|website=The Telegraph|language=en|access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref>


== List of works ==
== List of works ==
Line 68: Line 67:


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tLE5AQAAIAAJ|title=Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume.|publisher=Department of History, Panjab University|year=1957|editor-last=Gupta|editor-first=Hari Ram|editor-link=Hari Ram Gupta|volume=Vol. I: Life and Letters of Sir Jadunath Sarkar|location=Hoshiarpur|oclc=251228572}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tLE5AQAAIAAJ|title=Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume.|publisher=Department of History, Panjab University|year=1957|editor-last=Gupta|editor-first=Hari Ram|editor-link=Hari Ram Gupta|volume=I: Life and Letters of Sir Jadunath Sarkar|location=Hoshiarpur|oclc=251228572}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sr85AQAAIAAJ|title=Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume.|date=1958|publisher=Department of History, Panjab University|editor1-last=Gupta|editor1-first=Hari Ram|editor-mask=8|volume=Vol. II: Essays Presented to Sir Jadunath Sarkar|location=Hoshiarpur|oclc=470654377|editor2-last=Kaushal|editor2-first=Paras Ram|editor3-last=Talwar|editor3-first=Shanti Swarup}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sr85AQAAIAAJ|title=Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume.|date=1958|publisher=Department of History, Panjab University|editor1-last=Gupta|editor1-first=Hari Ram|editor-mask=8|volume=II: Essays Presented to Sir Jadunath Sarkar|location=Hoshiarpur|oclc=470654377|editor2-last=Kaushal|editor2-first=Paras Ram|editor3-last=Talwar|editor3-first=Shanti Swarup}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Jha|first=Ajay Kumar|date=2004|title=Profile of a Historian: Sir Jadunath Sarkar (1870-1958)|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=65|pages=880–890|issn=2249-1937|jstor=44144800}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Jha|first=Ajay Kumar|date=2004|title=Profile of a Historian: Sir Jadunath Sarkar (1870-1958)|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=65|pages=880–890|issn=2249-1937|jstor=44144800}}
* {{Cite book|title=Sir Jadunath Sarkar: A Profile in Historiography|last=Pawar|first=Kiram|year=1985|location=New Delhi|publisher=Books & Books}}
* {{Cite book|title=Sir Jadunath Sarkar: A Profile in Historiography|last=Pawar|first=Kiram|year=1985|location=New Delhi|publisher=Books & Books}}

Revision as of 15:57, 14 June 2022


Sir

Jadunath Sarkar
Jadunath Sarkar, c. 1926[1]
Born10 December 1870
Karachmaria, Singra, Natore, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died19 May 1958 (aged 87)
Calcutta, West Bengal, India
OccupationHistorian
Spouse(s)Lady Kadambini Sarkar

Sir Jadunath Sarkar CIE FRAS (10 December 1870 – 19 May 1958) was a prominent Indian historian and a specialist on the Mughal dynasty.

Academic career

Sarkar was born in Karachmaria village in Natore, Bengal to Rajkumar Sarkar, the local Zamindar on 10 December 1870.[2] In 1891, he graduated in English from Presidency College, Calcutta.[2] In 1892, he topped the Master of Arts examination, in English at Calcutta University and in 1897, he received the Premchand-Roychand Scholarship.[2]

In 1893, he was inducted as a faculty of English literature at Ripon College, Calcutta (later renamed Surendranath College).[2] In 1898, he was appointed at Presidency College, Calcutta after getting selected in the Provincial Education Services.[2] In between, from 1917 to 1919, he taught modern Indian history in Benaras Hindu University and from 1919 to 1923, both English and history, at Ravenshaw College, Cuttack.[2] In 1923, he became an honorary member of the Royal Asiatic Society of London. In August 1926, he was appointed as the Vice Chancellor of Calcutta University. In 1928, he joined as Sir W. Meyer Lecturer in Madras University.

Historiography

Reception

Sarkar's works faded out of public memory, with the increasing advent of Marxist and postcolonial schools of historiography.[3]

Academically, Jos J. L. Gommans compares Sarkar's work with those of the Aligarh historians, noting that while the historians from the Aligarh worked mainly on the mansabdari system and gunpowder technology in the Mughal Empire, Sarkar concentrated on military tactics and sieges.[4][undue weight? – discuss]

Honors

Sarkar was honored by Britain with a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire CIE and knighted in the 1929 Birthday Honours list.[5] He was invested with his knighthood at Simla by the acting Viceroy, Lord Goschen, on 22 August 1929.[6]

Legacy

The Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta, an autonomous research center, has been established in his house, which was donated to the state government by Sarkar's wife. CSSC also houses the Jadunath Bhavan Museum and Resource Centre, a museum-cum-archive of primary sources.[7]

List of works

Published works by Sarkar include:

  • Economics of British India (1900)
  • The India of Aurangzib (1901)
  • Anecdotes of Aurangzib (1912)
  • History of Aurangzib (in 5 volumes), (1912–24)
  • Chaitanya's pilgrimages and teachings, from his contemporary Bengali biography, the Chaitanya-charit-amrita: Madhya-lila (translation from the Bengali original by Krishnadasa Kaviraja, 1913)
  • Shivaji and his Times (1919)
  • Studies in Mughal India (1919)[8]
  • Mughal Administration (1920)[8]
  • Nadir Shah in India (1922)
  • Later Mughals by William Irvine (in 2 volumes), (edited by Jadunath Sarkar, 1922)
  • India through the ages (1928)
  • A Short History of Aurangzib (1930)
  • The Fall of the Mughal Empire (in 4 volumes), (1932–38)
  • Studies in Aurangzib's reign (1933)
  • The House of Shivaji (1940)
  • The History of Bengal (in 2 volumes), (1943–1948)
  • Maāsir-i-ʻĀlamgiri: a history of the emperor Aurangzib-ʻl̀amgir (translation from the Persian original by Muḥammad Sāqī Mustaʻidd Khān, 1947)[9]
  • Military History of India (1960)
  • A History of Jaipur, c. 1503-1938 (1984)[10]
  • A History Of Dasnami Naga Sanyasis

References

  1. ↑ Chakrabarty 2015, p. ii.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Sarkar, Jadunath". Banglapedia. 19 March 2015. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  3. ↑ Kaushik Roy (2004). India's Historic Battles: From Alexander the Great to Kargil. Orient Blackswan. p. 10. ISBN 978-81-7824-109-8.
  4. ↑ Jos J. L. Gommans (2002). Mughal Warfare: Indian Frontiers and Highroads to Empire, 1500-1700. Psychology Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-415-23989-9.
  5. ↑ The London Gazette, 3 June 1929
  6. ↑ "Viewing Page 6245 of Issue 33539". London-gazette.co.uk. 1 October 1929. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
  7. ↑ "In the memory of Jadunath Sarkar". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Moreland, W. H. (July 1921). "Studies in Mughal India by Jadunath Sarkar; Mughal Administration by Jadunath Sarkar". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 3 (3): 438–439. JSTOR 25209765.
  9. ↑ Davies, C. Collin (April 1949). "Maāsir-i-'Ālamgīrī of Sāqī Must'ad Khān by Jadunath Sarkar". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 1 (1): 104–106. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00102692. JSTOR 25222314.
  10. ↑ Smith, John D. (1985). "Jadunath Sarkar: A History of Jaipur, c. 1503-1938". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 48 (3): 620. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00039343. JSTOR 618587.

Sources

Further reading

External links

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