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==Philanthropist==
==Philanthropist==
Having no children, Jugal Kishore Birla devoted much time and money to charity, building numerous temples, the Kolkata Medical College, Marwadi Balika Vidyalaya in Kolkata for girls, and numerous other such institutions. A devout Hindu, Jugal Kishore Birla was also the moving force behind the building of many of the early [[Birla Mandir]]s across India, including the first in Delhi, and those in Kolkata and Bhopal. Supporting Gaushalas (cow shelters) and pinjrapols (animal and bird feeding mangers) was another cause dear to his heart. He also donated money to various Hindu causes and organisations, including [[Hindu Mahasabha]] and [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vhp.org/organization/org-second-meeting-of-the-parishad |title=Second Meeting of the Parishad |publisher=Vishva Hindu Parishad |accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Joya Chatterji |date=2002 |title=Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition, 1932–1947 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNAQcoVqoMC&pg=PA236&lpg=PA236 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=236 |isbn=978-0-521-52328-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author= M. G. Chitkara |date=2004 |title=Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh: National Upsurge |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ifuxzl9NM5sC&pg=PA257 |publisher=APH Publishing |page=257 |isbn=978-81-7648-465-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Dhananjay Keer |date=1995 |title=Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-2d6jzRmBQC&pg=PA277 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |page=277 |isbn=978-81-7154-237-6}}</ref> at the same time supporting finances of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and [[Indian National Congress]] and India's freedom movement,<ref>{{cite book |author=Joseph S. Alter |date=1992 |title=The Wrestler's Body: Identity and Ideology in North India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EMu1xKEWBt4C&pg=PA88 |publisher=University of California Press |page=88 |isbn=978-0-520-91217-5}}</ref>  which were looked after together by Ghanshaymdas Birla and others.<ref name=x>{{cite book |author=Anand Mohun Sinha |date=2011 |title=Unspoken History of India of Six-Thousand Years |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cip-3w1SGWAC&pg=PA208 |publisher=AuthorHouse |page=208 |isbn=978-1-4520-9769-5}}</ref>><ref>{{cite book |author1=K. Satchidananda Murty |author2=Ashok Vohra |date=1990 |title=Radhakrishnan: His Life and Ideas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=imPXMrFj_-wC&pg=PA100 |publisher=SUNY Press |page=100 |isbn=978-0-7914-0344-0}}</ref>
Having no children, Jugal Kishore Birla devoted much time and money to charity, building numerous temples, the Kolkata Medical College, Marwadi Balika Vidyalaya in Kolkata for girls, and numerous other such institutions. A devout Hindu, Jugal Kishore Birla was also the moving force behind the building of many of the early [[Birla Mandir]]s across India, including the first in Delhi, and those in Kolkata and Bhopal. Supporting Gaushalas (cow shelters) and pinjrapols (animal and bird feeding mangers) was another cause dear to his heart. He also donated money to various Hindu causes and organisations, including [[Hindu Mahasabha]] and [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vhp.org/organization/org-second-meeting-of-the-parishad |title=Second Meeting of the Parishad |publisher=Vishva Hindu Parishad |accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Joya Chatterji |date=2002 |title=Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition, 1932–1947 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNAQcoVqoMC&pg=PA236 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=236 |isbn=978-0-521-52328-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author= M. G. Chitkara |date=2004 |title=Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh: National Upsurge |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ifuxzl9NM5sC&pg=PA257 |publisher=APH Publishing |page=257 |isbn=978-81-7648-465-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Dhananjay Keer |date=1995 |title=Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-2d6jzRmBQC&pg=PA277 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |page=277 |isbn=978-81-7154-237-6}}</ref> at the same time supporting finances of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and [[Indian National Congress]] and India's freedom movement,<ref>{{cite book |author=Joseph S. Alter |date=1992 |title=The Wrestler's Body: Identity and Ideology in North India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EMu1xKEWBt4C&pg=PA88 |publisher=University of California Press |page=88 |isbn=978-0-520-91217-5}}</ref>  which were looked after together by Ghanshaymdas Birla and others.<ref name=x>{{cite book |author=Anand Mohun Sinha |date=2011 |title=Unspoken History of India of Six-Thousand Years |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cip-3w1SGWAC&pg=PA208 |publisher=AuthorHouse |page=208 |isbn=978-1-4520-9769-5}}</ref>><ref>{{cite book |author1=K. Satchidananda Murty |author2=Ashok Vohra |date=1990 |title=Radhakrishnan: His Life and Ideas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=imPXMrFj_-wC&pg=PA100 |publisher=SUNY Press |page=100 |isbn=978-0-7914-0344-0}}</ref>


In 1920 he along with his brother Ghanshaym Das donated funds to start girls school under their private trust a school named Marwari Balika Vidyalaya, which has now grown into the noted [[Shri Shikshayatan School]] and [[Shri Shikshayatan College]].<ref name=sy>{{cite web|url=http://www.shrishikshayatanschool.com/aboutus-60_About%20School.htm|title= About School|publisher=Shri Shikshayatan School |accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref>
In 1920 he along with his brother Ghanshaym Das donated funds to start girls school under their private trust a school named Marwari Balika Vidyalaya, which has now grown into the noted [[Shri Shikshayatan School]] and [[Shri Shikshayatan College]].<ref name=sy>{{cite web|url=http://www.shrishikshayatanschool.com/aboutus-60_About%20School.htm|title= About School|publisher=Shri Shikshayatan School |accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref>
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He was devoted follower of Mahatma Gandhi and took personal interest also apart from donating funds for relief and charity works.<ref>{{cite book |author=Debi P. Mishra |date=1998|title=People's Revolt in Orissa: A Study of Talcher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W8GXSR0SiF8C&pg=PA138 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |page=138 |isbn=978-81-7156-739-3}}</ref>
He was devoted follower of Mahatma Gandhi and took personal interest also apart from donating funds for relief and charity works.<ref>{{cite book |author=Debi P. Mishra |date=1998|title=People's Revolt in Orissa: A Study of Talcher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W8GXSR0SiF8C&pg=PA138 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |page=138 |isbn=978-81-7156-739-3}}</ref>


He spent much of his personal wealth in building Hindu temples known as [[Birla Temple]]s and [[dharamshalas]] across major metropolitan towns of India and promotion of schools and universities and hospitals.<ref name=x/><ref name=t>{{cite web|url=http://www.radhekrishn.com/mathura-temple/birla-gita.php|title=Birla Temple Mathura also known as Gita Temple was founded by Jugal Kishore Birla in 1946|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=vk>{{cite web|url=http://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/The-Story-of-the-Vivekananda-Rock-Memorial-5.aspx|title=The Story of the Vivekananda Rock Memorial|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref> and adopting many villages in times of famine and natural disasters.<ref>{{cite book |title=History of Sirsa Town |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0Z457ZOR44C&pg=PA138 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distri |page=138}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kurukshetra.nic.in/tour/Religious/tirath/Kurukshetra/birlamandir/index.htm|title=Birla Temple at Kurukshetra established in 1952 by Jugal Kishore Birla|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://maharajji.com/Delhi-Yamuna/north-delhi-hanuman-temple.html|title=North Delhi Hanuman Temple founded by Jugal Kishore Birla in 1965|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=mr>{{cite book |author=S. B. Bhattacherje |date=2009 |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oGVSvXuCsyUC&pg=SL1-PA178 |publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |page=A178 |isbn=978-81-207-4074-7}}</ref>
He spent much of his personal wealth in building Hindu temples known as [[Birla Temple]]s and [[dharamshalas]] across major metropolitan towns of India and promotion of schools and universities and hospitals.<ref name=x/><ref name=t>{{cite web|url=http://www.radhekrishn.com/mathura-temple/birla-gita.php|title=Birla Temple Mathura also known as Gita Temple was founded by Jugal Kishore Birla in 1946|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=vk>{{cite web|url=http://www.esamskriti.com/essay-chapters/The-Story-of-the-Vivekananda-Rock-Memorial-5.aspx|title=The Story of the Vivekananda Rock Memorial|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref> and adopting many villages in times of famine and natural disasters.<ref>{{cite book |title=History of Sirsa Town |year = 1991|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0Z457ZOR44C&pg=PA138 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distri |page=138}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kurukshetra.nic.in/tour/Religious/tirath/Kurukshetra/birlamandir/index.htm|title=Birla Temple at Kurukshetra established in 1952 by Jugal Kishore Birla|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://maharajji.com/Delhi-Yamuna/north-delhi-hanuman-temple.html|title=North Delhi Hanuman Temple founded by Jugal Kishore Birla in 1965|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=mr>{{cite book |author=S. B. Bhattacherje |date=2009 |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oGVSvXuCsyUC&pg=SL1-PA178 |publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |page=A178 |isbn=978-81-207-4074-7}}</ref>


In his old age, he took the leading role to fulfill the unfinished dream of [[Madan Mohan Malaviya]] of building [[Kesava Deo Temple|Krishna Janmabhoomi Kesava Deo Temple]]. He donated a major sum and formed a private trust in 1951 to which the rights of land were later transferred, and temple works begin to be inaugurated in 1965, for which he is fondly remembered by believers of Hindu religion.<ref name=kj>{{cite web|title=Shri Krishna Janmasthan|url=http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/history.html|publisher=Shri Krishna Janmasthan Trust|accessdate=24 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904230906/http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/history.html|archive-date=4 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=kj2/> In his old age he also donated initial funds for building of [[Vivekananda Rock Memorial]] and also arranged for further funds for the project from his brothers, the construction of which, however, began several years after his death.<ref name=vk/>
In his old age, he took the leading role to fulfill the unfinished dream of [[Madan Mohan Malaviya]] of building [[Kesava Deo Temple|Krishna Janmabhoomi Kesava Deo Temple]]. He donated a major sum and formed a private trust in 1951 to which the rights of land were later transferred, and temple works begin to be inaugurated in 1965, for which he is fondly remembered by believers of Hindu religion.<ref name=kj>{{cite web|title=Shri Krishna Janmasthan|url=http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/history.html|publisher=Shri Krishna Janmasthan Trust|accessdate=24 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904230906/http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/history.html|archive-date=4 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=kj2/> In his old age he also donated initial funds for building of [[Vivekananda Rock Memorial]] and also arranged for further funds for the project from his brothers, the construction of which, however, began several years after his death.<ref name=vk/>
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* [[Nipponzan Myohoji Temple]], [[Mumbai]] – purchased land for building of this [[Buddhist]] temple.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiavideo.org/maharashtra/travel/nipponzan-myohoji-buddhist-temple-3265.php|title=Nipponzan Myohoji temple, Mumbai, Bombay, Maharashtra, India, Video|work=IndiaVideo|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref>
* [[Nipponzan Myohoji Temple]], [[Mumbai]] – purchased land for building of this [[Buddhist]] temple.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiavideo.org/maharashtra/travel/nipponzan-myohoji-buddhist-temple-3265.php|title=Nipponzan Myohoji temple, Mumbai, Bombay, Maharashtra, India, Video|work=IndiaVideo|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref>
* Lord Krishan Temple, [[Mathura]] built in 1946 in memory of his parents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiaforyou.in/spirituality/mathura.php|title=Lord Krishna Temple, Mathura – History|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref>
* Lord Krishan Temple, [[Mathura]] built in 1946 in memory of his parents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiaforyou.in/spirituality/mathura.php|title=Lord Krishna Temple, Mathura – History|accessdate=19 September 2014}}</ref>
* [[Paramjyotir Mandir]], [[Barobagh]], Himachal Pradesh – donated huge amount of money on request of his friend Stokes, who founded the temple.<ref>{{cite book |author=Asha Sharma |date=2008 |title=An American in Gandhi's India: The Biography of Satyanand Stokes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WVzxpUOzV_0C&pg=PA287 |publisher=Indiana University Press |page=287 |isbn=0-253-21990-6}}</ref>
* [[Paramjyotir Mandir]], [[Barobagh]], Himachal Pradesh – donated huge amount of money on request of his friend Stokes, who founded the temple.<ref>{{cite book |author=Asha Sharma |date=2008 |title=An American in Gandhi's India: The Biography of Satyanand Stokes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WVzxpUOzV_0C&pg=PA287 |publisher=Indiana University Press |page=287 |isbn=978-0-253-21990-9}}</ref>
* Donated funds and arranged further monies from Birla group for building of [[Vivekananda Rock Memorial]]<ref name=vk/>
* Donated funds and arranged further monies from Birla group for building of [[Vivekananda Rock Memorial]]<ref name=vk/>


Revision as of 06:23, 2 December 2021

Sheth Jugal Kishore Birla (23 May 1883– 24 June 1967) was scion of the Birla family and eldest son of Baldeo Das Birla. He was a noted industrialist, philanthropist and vocal supporter of Hindu philosophy.[1]

Life

He started his business career at an early age, joining his father Baldeodas Birla in Calcutta and soon came to be known as reputed trader and speculator in opium, silver, spice and other trades from which Birlas later diversified into trading of jute and other items like cotton during and after World War I, by which time his younger brother Ghanshyam Das Birla had also joined the business. The family firm, which was till 1918 was run as Baldeodas Jugalkishore, was made into limited company known as Birla Brothers Limited.[1][2]

When at one point of time in early career of his life Ghanshyam Das Birla, suffered heavy losses and had decided to sell the mill to Andrew Yule group, Jugal Kishore stood by him and told him not to worry about money but to run the mill as efficiently as he could, which led to revival of Birla Jute,[2] now the flagship company of Aditya Birla Group.

Although Jugal Kishore started his business life from Calcutta, later he shifted to Delhi and lived in Birla House[3] till his death.

Philanthropist

Having no children, Jugal Kishore Birla devoted much time and money to charity, building numerous temples, the Kolkata Medical College, Marwadi Balika Vidyalaya in Kolkata for girls, and numerous other such institutions. A devout Hindu, Jugal Kishore Birla was also the moving force behind the building of many of the early Birla Mandirs across India, including the first in Delhi, and those in Kolkata and Bhopal. Supporting Gaushalas (cow shelters) and pinjrapols (animal and bird feeding mangers) was another cause dear to his heart. He also donated money to various Hindu causes and organisations, including Hindu Mahasabha and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.[4][5][6][7] at the same time supporting finances of Mahatma Gandhi and Indian National Congress and India's freedom movement,[8] which were looked after together by Ghanshaymdas Birla and others.[9]>[10]

In 1920 he along with his brother Ghanshaym Das donated funds to start girls school under their private trust a school named Marwari Balika Vidyalaya, which has now grown into the noted Shri Shikshayatan School and Shri Shikshayatan College.[11]

He was devoted follower of Mahatma Gandhi and took personal interest also apart from donating funds for relief and charity works.[12]

He spent much of his personal wealth in building Hindu temples known as Birla Temples and dharamshalas across major metropolitan towns of India and promotion of schools and universities and hospitals.[9][13][14] and adopting many villages in times of famine and natural disasters.[15][16][17][18]

In his old age, he took the leading role to fulfill the unfinished dream of Madan Mohan Malaviya of building Krishna Janmabhoomi Kesava Deo Temple. He donated a major sum and formed a private trust in 1951 to which the rights of land were later transferred, and temple works begin to be inaugurated in 1965, for which he is fondly remembered by believers of Hindu religion.[19][20] In his old age he also donated initial funds for building of Vivekananda Rock Memorial and also arranged for further funds for the project from his brothers, the construction of which, however, began several years after his death.[14]

Jugal Kishore died in 1967,[1] without any issues and left his wealth to religious trusts and philanthropy.[21]

Some noted philanthropic works

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Margaret Herdeck; Gita Piramal (1985). India's Industrialists. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-89410-415-2.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "G d birla". Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
  3. ↑ "Srila Prabhupada's Original pre-1978 Books Online". PrabhupadaBooks.com. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  4. ↑ "Second Meeting of the Parishad". Vishva Hindu Parishad. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  5. ↑ Joya Chatterji (2002). Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition, 1932–1947. Cambridge University Press. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-521-52328-8.
  6. ↑ M. G. Chitkara (2004). Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh: National Upsurge. APH Publishing. p. 257. ISBN 978-81-7648-465-7.
  7. ↑ Dhananjay Keer (1995). Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission. Popular Prakashan. p. 277. ISBN 978-81-7154-237-6.
  8. ↑ Joseph S. Alter (1992). The Wrestler's Body: Identity and Ideology in North India. University of California Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-520-91217-5.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Anand Mohun Sinha (2011). Unspoken History of India of Six-Thousand Years. AuthorHouse. p. 208. ISBN 978-1-4520-9769-5.
  10. ↑ K. Satchidananda Murty; Ashok Vohra (1990). Radhakrishnan: His Life and Ideas. SUNY Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-7914-0344-0.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "About School". Shri Shikshayatan School. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  12. ↑ Debi P. Mishra (1998). People's Revolt in Orissa: A Study of Talcher. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 138. ISBN 978-81-7156-739-3.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Birla Temple Mathura also known as Gita Temple was founded by Jugal Kishore Birla in 1946". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "The Story of the Vivekananda Rock Memorial". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  15. ↑ History of Sirsa Town. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. 1991. p. 138.
  16. ↑ "Birla Temple at Kurukshetra established in 1952 by Jugal Kishore Birla". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  17. ↑ "North Delhi Hanuman Temple founded by Jugal Kishore Birla in 1965". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 S. B. Bhattacherje (2009). Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. A178. ISBN 978-81-207-4074-7.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Shri Krishna Janmasthan". Shri Krishna Janmasthan Trust. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Tourism: A journey to Mathura- the Braj Mandal of Radha and Krishna". IndiaStudyChannel.com. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  21. ↑ "The People's Paper". Tehelka. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  22. ↑ "Ashrams & Temples". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  23. ↑ "Religious offerings". HDFC Bank. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  24. ↑ "Contact". Archived from the original on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
  25. ↑ "In a time warp". The Hindu. 7 December 2003. Archived from the original on 7 May 2004. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  26. ↑ "Thep Montien – Inside Dev Mandir". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  27. ↑ "Nipponzan Myohoji temple, Mumbai, Bombay, Maharashtra, India, Video". IndiaVideo. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  28. ↑ "Lord Krishna Temple, Mathura – History". Retrieved 19 September 2014.
  29. ↑ Asha Sharma (2008). An American in Gandhi's India: The Biography of Satyanand Stokes. Indiana University Press. p. 287. ISBN 978-0-253-21990-9.
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