|
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{short description|Serpentine dragon god in Meitei mythology}}
| | '''Pakhangba''' or '''Pakhangpa''' is a primordial God in [[Meitei mythology]], [[Meitei folklore|folklore]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]). He is often depicted in the form of a dragon, a snake or a serpentine dragon. He is the youngest son of [[Atingkok]] and the only biological son of goddess [[Leimarel Sidabi]], the supreme mother earth. |
| {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
| |
| {{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
| |
| {{Contains Meitei text}}
| |
| '''Pakhangba''' ({{lang-mni|ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ}}) is a primordial serpentine dragon god in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]].<ref>http://manipuri.itgo.com/the_lais.html#pakhangba</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=9DqBAAAAMAAJ&q=pakhangba+serpent&dq=pakhangba+serpent&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjgs-GjnfbuAhVLAHIKHYHAAicQ6AEwBHoECAEQAw</ref> He is present in the [[heraldry]] of [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur kingdom]], originated from ''"Paphal"'' (ꯄꯥꯐꯜ), the mythical illustrations of the deity belonging to the traditional beliefs, preceding [[Hinduism]] in [[Manipur]].<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qo0MAQAAMAAJ&q=pakhangba&dq=pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwik1-fcnPbuAhUKfisKHWkgCyoQ6AEwAnoECAQQAw</ref> Among the [[Meitei people|Meitei]]s, it is believed that the ancestor of one of the clans manifested himself as the Pakhangba.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=izhuAAAAMAAJ&dq=pakhangba&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=pakhangba+universal</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=9DqBAAAAMAAJ&q=pakhangba+serpent&dq=pakhangba+serpent&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjgs-GjnfbuAhVLAHIKHYHAAicQ6AEwBHoECAEQAw</ref><ref>''Hastings Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics'', Volume 11</ref> | |
| | |
| {{infobox deity
| |
| | name = Pakhangba
| |
| | affiliation = [[Sanamahism]] ([[Meitei religion]])
| |
| | parents = | |
| | siblings = [[Lainingthou Sanamahi]], [[Nongshaba]] and [[Nongthang Leima]]
| |
| | texts = [[PuYa]]s
| |
| | weapon =
| |
| | mantra = Hum! Hum! Hum! Um He Khoyum Lainingthou Pakhangba!
| |
| | deity_of = Primordial serpentine dragon god
| |
| | abode =
| |
| | children = [[Mangang]], [[Luwang]], [[Khuman(Salai)|Khuman]], [[Angom]], [[Salai Leishangthem]], [[Kha Nganpa]] and [[Moilang]].
| |
| | festivals = [[Lai Haraoba]]
| |
| | greek_equivalent = [[Typhon]]
| |
| | consorts = Lai Nura Taret (Seven celestial goddesses)
| |
| | gender = Male
| |
| | mother = [[Leimarel Sidabi]]
| |
| | father = [[Sidaba Mapu]]
| |
| | ethnic_group = [[Meitei people|Meitei ethnicity]]
| |
| | member_of = [[Meitei deities|Primordial Meitei deities]]
| |
| | symbol = [[Serpent (symbolism)]]
| |
| | abodes = [[Heaven]] and [[Earth]]
| |
| | script = ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ
| |
| | script_name = Meitei
| |
| | other_names = Pakhangpa, Apanba (Apanpa)
| |
| | image = Pakhangba.jpg
| |
| | type = [[Sanamahism]]
| |
| | hinduism_equivalent = [[Ananta Shesha]], [[Vasuki]], [[Takshaka]]
| |
| }}
| |
| The identity of the deity is often fused with ''"Nongda Lairen Pakhangba"'' (33 AD-154 AD), the first ruler of the [[Ningthouja dynasty]], to sit on the throne of the [[Kangla Palace]].<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=hzduAAAAMAAJ&q=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&dq=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhou2L1uTuAhVMyYsBHYzUBI44ChDoATAIegQIABAC</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=wPjqAAAAMAAJ&q=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&dq=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhou2L1uTuAhVMyYsBHYzUBI44ChDoATAHegQIARAC</ref> The title ''Pakhangba'' was also used by other royalties in the [[History of Manipur|history of Manipur]].<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qo0MAQAAMAAJ&q=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&dq=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiHzubH1eTuAhVQfX0KHdBQB2oQ6AEwA3oECAIQAg</ref><ref>[http://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeetei.html A Brief history of the Meeteis of Manipur - The Manipur Page]</ref>
| |
| | |
| ==In heraldry==
| |
| A Pakhangba as a [[Heraldry|heraldic]] [[dragon]] was present in all the former royal flags and coats of arms of Manipur.
| |
| The kingdom of Manipur had a set of two flags, a white one and a red one. All featured the Pakhangba dragon in the centre, although not as prominently in the latter flags.<ref>[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/in-mu.html FOTW - Manipur, Indian Princely State]</ref>
| |
| | |
| ==Description==
| |
| {{Main|Nongshaba}}
| |
| The Pakhangba is the supreme God. He is a man who can change his body to any form, like animals, and others as he is a powerful God. In certain sculptures, known as Kangla-Sa, at the citadel of the [[Kangla Palace]] in [[Imphal]], there is a related type of creature represented with a short body. The sculptures are large and were built of brick, standing at each side of the northern gate. They have a similar head and four sturdy legs, but their body is shorter and bears more of a resemblance to a [[Asiatic lion|lion]].
| |
| | |
| In 1891, during the [[Anglo-Manipur War]] five British officers were executed by Manipuri soldiers below these two Kangla-Sa. The act was a kind of magic ritual in which the blood of the white officers was seen as feeding there in order to weaken British power. For this act Major Maxwell, the Political Agent that was appointed after the war, had destroyed the two kangla-sa with gunpowder following the conquest of Manipur.<ref>[http://manipurtalks.com/index.php?threads/kanglasha-the-story-behind-the-legend.5906/page-4 KanglaSha : The story behind the Legend]</ref>
| |
| <gallery mode="packed" heights="165" style="font-size:88%; line-height:130%">
| |
| File:Paphal (Musée du Quai Branly) (4489839164).jpg|Poubi Lai Paphal: a mythical form of Pakhangba
| |
| File:Pakhangba.jpg|Lit Pakhangba statue in Imphal
| |
| File:Uttra sanglen.jpg|Two standing Kangla-Sa at the northern gate of [[Kangla Fort]]. These massive statues have been rebuilt after they were destroyed at the end of the Anglo-Manipur war of 1891.
| |
| </gallery>
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| * [[Lists of deities in Sanamahism]]
| |
| * [[Dragons in Manipuri mythology]]
| |
| *[[History of Manipur]]
| |
| *[[Kangla Palace]]
| |
| *[[Ningthouja dynasty]]
| |
| | |
| ==References== | | ==References== |
| {{reflist}}
| |
|
| |
| ==External links==
| |
| *{{commons category-inline}}
| |
| *[http://shakmachanongmaithem.blogspot.com/2012/04/paphal-mythical-assumptions-of-lord.html Paphal: the mythical assumptions of Lord Pakhangba, ruling deity of Manipur]
| |
|
| |
| [[Category:Mythological hybrids]]
| |
| [[Category:Dragons]]
| |
| [[Category:Culture of Manipur]]
| |
| [[Category:Gods and goddesses of Kanglei mythology]]
| |
| [[Category:Mythology]]
| |
| {{Sanamahi1|state=expanded}}
| |
| {{Religion topics}}
| |
Pakhangba or Pakhangpa is a primordial God in Meitei mythology, folklore and religion (Sanamahism). He is often depicted in the form of a dragon, a snake or a serpentine dragon. He is the youngest son of Atingkok and the only biological son of goddess Leimarel Sidabi, the supreme mother earth.
References
