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{{short description|Type of police document in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries}} | {{short description|Type of police document in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries}} | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Criminal procedure (trial)}} | |||
A '''First Information Report''' ('''FIR''') is a document prepared by [[police]] organisations in [[South Asia]]n and [[Southeast Asia]]n countries including [[Myanmar]], [[India]], [[Bangladesh]], and [[Pakistan]] when they receive information about the commission of a [[cognisable offence]], or in [[Singapore]] when the police receive information about any criminal offence. It generally stems from a complaint lodged with the police by the victim of a | A '''First Information Report''' ('''FIR''') is a document prepared by [[police]] organisations in [[South Asia]]n and [[Southeast Asia]]n countries including [[Myanmar]], [[India]], [[Bangladesh]], and [[Pakistan]] when they receive information about the commission of a [[cognisable offence|cognizable offence]], or in [[Singapore]] when the police receive information about any criminal offence. It generally stems from a complaint lodged with the police by the victim of a cognizable offence or by someone on his or her behalf, but anyone can make such a report either orally or in writing to the police, so it is necessary to know about cognizable offences. These are serious criminal offences that pose an immediate danger to society such as murder, rape, or robbery. {{Citation needed|date=December 2020}} | ||
For a non-cognisable offence an entry in a [[community service register]] or in the station diary is made. | For a non-cognisable offence an entry in a [[community service register]] or in the station diary is made. | ||
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* The complainant can get a free copy of an FIR. | * The complainant can get a free copy of an FIR. | ||
An FIR includes the date, time, place, incident details, and a description of the person(s) involved. | An FIR includes the date, time, place, incident details, and a description | ||
of the person(s) involved. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
=== Citations === | === Citations === | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
investigation begin immediately after recording of FIR- "Rao Shiv Bahadur Singh V. State of Madhya Pardesh, 1954 Cri.LJ.921,. 1953 AIR 394-SC-Larger Bench. | investigation begin immediately after recording of FIR- "Rao Shiv Bahadur Singh V. State of Madhya Pardesh, 1954 Cri.LJ.921,. 1953 AIR 394-SC-Larger Bench. | ||
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* {{cite book |title=Policing India in the New Millennium |page=120 |editor = P. J. Alexander |author= R. Deb |publisher=Allied Publishers|year=2002 |ISBN = 978-81-7764-207-0 |chapter=Police Investigations: A Review}} | * {{cite book |title=Policing India in the New Millennium |page=120 |editor = P. J. Alexander |author= R. Deb |publisher=Allied Publishers|year=2002 |ISBN = 978-81-7764-207-0 |chapter=Police Investigations: A Review}} | ||
* {{cite book |title=Animal Laws of India |author1=Maneka Gandhi |author2=Ozair Husain |author3=Raj Panjwani |chapter=How to file an FIR |publisher=Universal Law Publishing Co. |year=2006 |ISBN = 978-81-7534-528-7 |page = 795 }} | * {{cite book |title=Animal Laws of India |author1=Maneka Gandhi |author2=Ozair Husain |author3=Raj Panjwani |chapter=How to file an FIR |publisher=Universal Law Publishing Co. |year=2006 |ISBN = 978-81-7534-528-7 |page = 795 }} | ||
* {{Cite book|last=Raj Kumar (Professor of law)|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/999636877|title=FIR and role of police : legislative and judicial trends|isbn=978-81-8484-648-5|location=New Delhi|oclc=999636877}} | |||
* {{cite book |pages=95–97 |title = Courts Police Authorities & Common Man |author=Sunil Goel |publisher=Srishti Books }} | * {{cite book |pages=95–97 |title = Courts Police Authorities & Common Man |author=Sunil Goel |publisher=Srishti Books }} | ||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
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* [http://www.humanrightsinitiative.org/publications/police/fir.pdf Complete information about what an FIR is, who can file it, rights of people, etc.] ([[Portable Document Format|PDF]] format) | * [http://www.humanrightsinitiative.org/publications/police/fir.pdf Complete information about what an FIR is, who can file it, rights of people, etc.] ([[Portable Document Format|PDF]] format) | ||
* {{cite web |url = http://www.fixindia.org/fir.php#1 |title = FAQs about filing an FIR in India | website = fixindia.org |access-date = February 20, 2012 }} | * {{cite web |url = http://www.fixindia.org/fir.php#1 |title = FAQs about filing an FIR in India | website = fixindia.org |access-date = February 20, 2012 }} | ||
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{{Judiciary of India}} | |||
{{Criminal procedure (investigation) |state = expanded }} | |||
{{Portal bar|Law|India|Pakistan|Bangladesh|Singapore}} | |||
[[Category:Law enforcement in India]] | [[Category:Law enforcement in India]] | ||
Latest revision as of 07:04, 2 June 2021
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A First Information Report (FIR) is a document prepared by police organisations in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries including Myanmar, India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan when they receive information about the commission of a cognizable offence, or in Singapore when the police receive information about any criminal offence. It generally stems from a complaint lodged with the police by the victim of a cognizable offence or by someone on his or her behalf, but anyone can make such a report either orally or in writing to the police, so it is necessary to know about cognizable offences. These are serious criminal offences that pose an immediate danger to society such as murder, rape, or robbery. [citation needed]
For a non-cognisable offence an entry in a community service register or in the station diary is made.
Each FIR is important as it sets the process of criminal justice in motion. It is only after the FIR is registered in the police station that the police take up investigation of most types of cases. Anyone who knows about the commission of a cognisable offence, including police officers, can file an FIR.
As described in law:
- When information about the commission of a cognisable offence is given orally, the police must write it down.
- The complainant or supplier of the information has a right to demand that the information recorded by the police be read to him or her.
- Once the information has been recorded by the police, it must be signed by the person giving the information.
- The complainant can get a free copy of an FIR.
An FIR includes the date, time, place, incident details, and a description of the person(s) involved.
References[edit | edit source]
Citations[edit | edit source]
investigation begin immediately after recording of FIR- "Rao Shiv Bahadur Singh V. State of Madhya Pardesh, 1954 Cri.LJ.921,. 1953 AIR 394-SC-Larger Bench. Quashed:- FIR quashed if it does not disclose cognizable offence- 1982 Cri.L.J. 819(SC).
Sources[edit | edit source]
- "First Information Report". Criminal Justice and Supreme Court. Allied Publishers. 2005. pp. 5–19. ISBN 81-7764-904-3.
- R. Deb (2002). "Police Investigations: A Review". In P. J. Alexander (ed.). Policing India in the New Millennium. Allied Publishers. p. 120. ISBN 978-81-7764-207-0.
- Maneka Gandhi; Ozair Husain; Raj Panjwani (2006). "How to file an FIR". Animal Laws of India. Universal Law Publishing Co. p. 795. ISBN 978-81-7534-528-7.
- Raj Kumar (Professor of law). FIR and role of police : legislative and judicial trends. New Delhi. ISBN 978-81-8484-648-5. OCLC 999636877.
- Sunil Goel. Courts Police Authorities & Common Man. Srishti Books. pp. 95–97.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Complete information about what an FIR is, who can file it, rights of people, etc. (PDF format)
- "FAQs about filing an FIR in India". fixindia.org. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
