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Kamar (caste): Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Blacksmith caste of Odisha, India}} | {{Short description|Blacksmith caste of Odisha, India}} | ||
The '''Kamar''' or '''Kamara''' ({{lang-or|କମାର}}) is an [[Indian caste system|Indian caste]] found in the [[Odisha]] states of [[India]]. They are | The '''Kamar''' or '''Kamara''' ({{lang-or|କମାର}}) is an [[Indian caste system|Indian caste]] found in the [[Odisha]] states of [[India]]. They are similar to [[Karmakar]] caste<ref name="Heierstad2017">{{cite book|author=Geir Heierstad|title=Caste, Entrepreneurship and the Illusions of Tradition: Branding the Potters of Kolkata|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E7s1DgAAQBAJ&pg=PA22|date=2 January 2017|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-1-78308-518-7|pages=22–}}</ref><ref name="CaṭṭopādhyāyaChakravarti2005">{{cite book|author1=Śaratcandra Caṭṭopādhyāya|author2=Aruna Chakravarti|title=The Saratchandra Omnibus: Srikanta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r-O31pPzZbEC&pg=PA420|year=2005|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-400014-2|pages=420–}}</ref> of [[Bengal]]. Historically, they were [[blacksmith]]s by profession, commonly forging [[agricultural equipment]]s like: [[sickle]]s, [[axe]]s, [[spade]]s, [[Crowbar (tool)|crowbars]] etc.<ref name="PatiDash2002">{{cite book|author1=Rabindra Nath Pati|author2=Jagannatha Dash|title=Tribal and Indigenous People of India: Problems and Prospects|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qxxnZ4XxUbsC&pg=PA196|year=2002|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7648-322-3|pages=196–}}</ref><ref name="Jhajharia2019">{{cite book|author=Dr. Mamta Bagria, Dr. Sangeeta Jhajharia|title=Indictment of Caste System through Indian fiction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UBSMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT164|date=7 March 2019|publisher=Notion Press|isbn=978-1-64429-323-2|pages=164–}}</ref> | ||
As per Mayurbhanj state 1931 census and Mayurbhanj district Gazetteers 1961, the Kamar are recorded as; | |||
<blockquote>The Kamar caste is of heterogenous nature. Their occupation is iron-smelting and blacksmith. Chapua, Bindhani and Nahar Kamars are perhaps classed as Kol Kamars who are said to be accretions from the rank of the Kols. Chapuas derive their name from the practice of their women treading the bellows with foot while at work. The name Bindhani is perhaps derived from 'Bindha' meaning to bore. They call their chisel as beghuni, or that which pierces. Nahar is a corruption of Lohar or Lauhakar. The Astalohis 'workers on eight metals' work on different metals. Bathuri Kamars are accretions from the rank of the Bathuris and the Hatua Kamars are the indigenous Kamars of Orissa while Bangala Kamars are immigrants from | |||
Bengal.</blockquote> | |||
==Social Status== | ==Social Status== | ||
In the state of Odisha, The Kamaras are included in the [[Other Backward Classes]] minority group.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in/obc/faq/orrisa.pdf |title=www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in |format | In the state of Odisha, The Kamaras are included in the [[Other Backward Classes]] minority group.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in/obc/faq/orrisa.pdf |title=www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in |format= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
[[Category:Blacksmith castes]] | |||
[[Category:Social groups of Odisha]] | [[Category:Social groups of Odisha]] | ||
[[Category:Indian castes]] | [[Category:Indian castes]] | ||
{{India-ethno-stub}} | {{India-ethno-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 20:20, 23 July 2023
The Kamar or Kamara (Odia: କମାର) is an Indian caste found in the Odisha states of India. They are similar to Karmakar caste[1][2] of Bengal. Historically, they were blacksmiths by profession, commonly forging agricultural equipments like: sickles, axes, spades, crowbars etc.[3][4] As per Mayurbhanj state 1931 census and Mayurbhanj district Gazetteers 1961, the Kamar are recorded as;
The Kamar caste is of heterogenous nature. Their occupation is iron-smelting and blacksmith. Chapua, Bindhani and Nahar Kamars are perhaps classed as Kol Kamars who are said to be accretions from the rank of the Kols. Chapuas derive their name from the practice of their women treading the bellows with foot while at work. The name Bindhani is perhaps derived from 'Bindha' meaning to bore. They call their chisel as beghuni, or that which pierces. Nahar is a corruption of Lohar or Lauhakar. The Astalohis 'workers on eight metals' work on different metals. Bathuri Kamars are accretions from the rank of the Bathuris and the Hatua Kamars are the indigenous Kamars of Orissa while Bangala Kamars are immigrants from Bengal.
Social Status[edit]
In the state of Odisha, The Kamaras are included in the Other Backward Classes minority group.[5]
References[edit]
- ↑ Geir Heierstad (2 January 2017). Caste, Entrepreneurship and the Illusions of Tradition: Branding the Potters of Kolkata. Anthem Press. pp. 22–. ISBN 978-1-78308-518-7.
- ↑ Śaratcandra Caṭṭopādhyāya; Aruna Chakravarti (2005). The Saratchandra Omnibus: Srikanta. Penguin Books India. pp. 420–. ISBN 978-0-14-400014-2.
- ↑ Rabindra Nath Pati; Jagannatha Dash (2002). Tribal and Indigenous People of India: Problems and Prospects. APH Publishing. pp. 196–. ISBN 978-81-7648-322-3.
- ↑ Dr. Mamta Bagria, Dr. Sangeeta Jhajharia (7 March 2019). Indictment of Caste System through Indian fiction. Notion Press. pp. 164–. ISBN 978-1-64429-323-2.
- ↑ "www.bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in" (PDF).
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